Hydraulic automatic single-plate floating gate and its application method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a hydraulic automatic single-plate floating gate and an application method thereof, wherein the hydraulic automatic single-plate floating gate comprises a single-plate gate located between two adjacent gate piers and having a width adapted to the spacing between the two adjacent gate piers, a track groove opened on the two gate piers and located on the downstream side of the single-plate gate, and a support frame connected to the single-plate gate and moving along the track groove, wherein the track groove is inclined upward, and one end of the track groove close to the single-plate gate is lower than the other end. The present invention automatically controls the opening size according to the upstream water level, has a simple structure, does not require the configuration of opening and closing facilities, does not require special personnel to operate and control, and is automatically regulated by the upstream water situation. Compared with general gates, it has the characteristics of saving manpower and material resources, and is easy to use. The gate realizes unattended operation; it can automatically and accurately adjust the gate opening in a timely manner. As the upstream water level rises and falls, the gate can be gradually, automatically, accurately, and instantly opened and closed to complete the water discharge and water storage process, so that the downstream flow and the water flow in front of the gate maintain a dynamic balance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of gates of water conservancy projects, and in particular to a hydraulic automatic single-plate floating gate and an application method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As a widely used hydraulic structure, sluice gates have been fully utilized in water conservancy projects and play a huge role. There are many types of hydraulic gates, each with its own characteristics, but generally the gates are mainly opened and closed by external power to complete the functions of water discharge and water interception. Not only are the gate requirements increased, but also a special opening and closing room needs to be built, which is expensive and cumbersome to manage. Some automatic gates, such as hydraulic automatic flap gates, can be automatically opened and closed by water and gate gravity, saving energy and having flood discharge and water storage functions. However, hydraulic automatic flap gates still have many defects: for example, the hydraulic characteristics of hydraulic automatic flap gates are relatively complex, which makes the gate plate and gate piers bear too much force, which is not conducive to the stability of the gate; the gate pier is in the middle of the downstream water flow, which produces huge resistance and seriously disturbs the water flow state. The gate will periodically hit the pier or dam sill back and forth during operation, which is extremely destructive; it is not flexible to open, and some cannot even be opened. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a hydraulic automatic single-plate floating gate and an application method thereof, which can automatically adjust the gate opening at any time as the water level of the upstream water changes when the gate is releasing water, and the water storage depth can also be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs. The gate has good gradual opening performance, and opening and closing are more labor-saving and flexible. The present invention does not require external power, and is completely powered by the upstream water to achieve automatic opening and closing of the gate.

[0004] The present invention is achieved through the following technical scheme, which provides a hydraulic automatic single-plate floating gate, including a single-plate gate located between two adjacent gate piers and with a width adapted to the spacing between the two adjacent gate piers, a track groove opened on the inner walls of the two gate piers and located on the downstream side of the single-plate gate, and a support frame connected to the single-plate gate and moving along the track groove, wherein the track groove is inclined downstream, and the upstream end of the track groove is lower than the downstream end.

[0005] When this solution is in use, the upstream side of the single-plate gate is the upstream water. When the upstream water volume changes, the water level of the water source will change, so the buoyancy and lateral water pressure acting on the single-plate gate will also change accordingly. Under the action of buoyancy and lateral water pressure, the single-plate gate can automatically move up or down along the track groove, and can automatically complete the opening and closing of the gate.

[0006] As an optimization, the support frame includes a pull rod and a connecting rod hinged at one end through hinge I, the other end of the pull rod is hinged to the single-plate gate through hinge II, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the single-plate gate through hinge III, and a roller moving along the track groove is installed on the connecting rod. The support frame of this optimization scheme has a simple structure, and the pull rod, connecting rod and single-plate gate form a triangle, which ensures the stability of the structure. They are hingedly connected to each other, which is more convenient to install. The roller moves along the track groove, which reduces the friction resistance of the single-plate gate when it moves, making the automatic adjustment of the single-plate gate more flexible.

[0007] As an optimization, the pull rod is a telescopic rod. The pull rod of this optimization solution is set as a telescopic rod, and the length of the pull rod is changed by telescoping the pull rod to achieve the adjustment of the placement direction of the single-plate gate.

[0008] As an optimization, the pull rod includes a front pull rod hinged to the single-plate gate, a rear pull rod hinged to the connecting rod, and a hydraulic piston device located between the front pull rod and the rear pull rod, one end of the hydraulic piston device is connected to the front pull rod, and the other end is connected to the rear pull rod. The pull rod structure of this optimization solution is simple, and the length of the pull rod is adjusted by telescopic adjustment of the hydraulic piston device, which is convenient and labor-saving to adjust. The hydraulic piston device can be a single-rod hydraulic cylinder or a double-rod hydraulic cylinder.

[0009] As an optimization, the two opposite sides of the track grooves are open, and the roller is located between the top and bottom of the track groove. The track groove of this optimization solution is set to be open on the side, and the top and bottom of the track groove limit the roller from escaping, ensuring that the roller moves along the track groove, thereby ensuring the reliability of the use of this gate.

[0010] As an optimization, when the gate is closed, a water stop is provided at the gap between the gate and the gate piers and the gate bottom plate on both sides, and the water stop is fixed on the gate piers and the gate bottom plate. This optimization scheme can effectively stop leakage, prevent the occurrence of water leakage, meet the requirements of water storage, and facilitate the use of benefits.

[0011] As an optimization, a maintenance gate slot is provided on the opposite sides of the two gate piers, which is located on the upstream side of the single-plate gate. The maintenance gate slot is arranged vertically. This optimization scheme sets up a maintenance gate slot, in which a gate plate can be inserted to block the water flow, so as to facilitate the inspection and maintenance of the gate.

[0012] The scheme also provides an application method of a hydraulic automatic single-plate floating gate, including the following aspects:

[0013] a. When the water level upstream of the gate is lower than the water level that needs to be released, the gate's deadweight is greater than the sum of the buoyancy of the upstream water and the lateral water pressure on the gate, and the gate is in a closed state;

[0014] b. When the water level on the upstream side of the gate rises and the force of the upstream water on the gate in the direction of the track groove is greater than the force of the gate's deadweight in the direction of the track groove and the friction between the roller and the track groove, the gate moves upward along the track groove through the force of the water, and the gate automatically opens to release water; at this time, the gate is in a balanced state, and the gate top always maintains a certain height difference with the water level;

[0015] c. When the upstream water flow rate maintains a certain amount and does not change, the water level on the upstream side of the gate remains stable, the gate is in a balanced state, and the gate opening remains unchanged;

[0016] d. When the water level on the upstream side of the gate drops, the buoyancy of the gate decreases, and the gate moves downward under the action of its own weight. The gate opening automatically decreases, thereby reducing the discharge flow. When the water level on the upstream side of the gate continues to drop to a certain height, the gate automatically closes under the action of its own weight to maintain the water storage state.

[0017] e. The inclination angle of the single-plate gate can be adjusted by changing the length of the pull rod, so that the component of the gate in the track direction can be adjusted. At the same time, the buoyancy and lateral water pressure on the gate can also be adjusted, thereby achieving the adjustment of the water storage capacity.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] 1. The gate can automatically and instantly control its opening size by relying on the change of upstream water level. It has a simple structure and does not require external power such as electromechanical equipment to open and close. It does not require special personnel to operate and control. It is completely automatically controlled by the upstream water situation. Compared with general gates, it saves manpower and material resources and is easy to use. The gate realizes unattended operation.

[0020] 2. It can automatically and accurately adjust the gate opening in a timely manner. As the upstream water level rises and falls, the gate can be opened and closed gradually, automatically, accurately and instantly to complete the process of water discharge and water storage, so that the downstream flow and the inflow flow in front of the gate maintain a dynamic balance;

[0021] 3. The hydraulic automatic single-plate floating gate door plate is a steel structure or reinforced concrete structure. Compared with the rubber dam that can store and release water, it has a long service life, does not require a special dam bag pressure charging device, does not require manual control, has low operating costs, and is easy to manage;

[0022] 4. Compared with mortar-stone dams, it solves the problems of water discharge, flood discharge, and siltation;

[0023] 5. Compared with the general horizontal axis hydraulic automatic flap, it is more flexible and convenient to open, which solves the contradiction that the horizontal axis hydraulic automatic flap is often unable to open or close, solves the problem that the gate and the gate supporting structure are subjected to excessive force, solves the contradiction that the hydraulic automatic flap gate supporting structure is in the discharge flow and affects the discharge, and solves the problem of organically combining discharge and water storage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the plan structure of a hydraulic automatic single-plate floating gate;

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Middle Ⅰ-Ⅰ section view;

[0026] As shown in the figure:

[0027] 1. Inspection gate slot, 2. Gate pier, 3. Single-plate gate, 4. Hinge II, 5. Pull rod, 6. Hydraulic piston device, 7. Hinge I, 8. Track slot, 9. Wheel support, 10. Roller, 11. Connecting rod, 12. Hinge III, 13. Gate bottom plate, 14. Water source water level. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, this solution is described below through a specific implementation method.

[0029] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 A hydraulic automatic single-plate floating gate comprises a gate chamber, a single-plate gate, a support frame, a track groove and a hydraulic piston device.

[0030] The gate chamber includes a gate bottom plate and two gate piers fixed on the gate bottom plate. The gate piers are symmetrically arranged vertically on both sides of the gate bottom plate. The gate piers and the gate bottom plate are cast into a whole. The gate piers are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the gate, and the height of the gate piers should be greater than the upstream water depth, depending on the upstream water depth. The gate is based on ensuring the safe operation of the gate at a certain design guarantee rate. The gate bottom plate is a reinforced concrete structure, a concrete structure or a mortar masonry structure, which also depends on the upstream water depth. The gate chamber is cast on site and cast into a complete integral structure to increase its stability.

[0031] The single-plate gate is composed of a rectangular plate of a certain weight; the gate is fixed to the support structure composed of tie rods and connecting rods through hinges. The single-plate gate can be a steel structure, a prefabricated reinforced concrete structure or other materials with a certain rigidity and strength. The gate texture is required to be uniform. The deadweight of the single-plate gate is determined according to the water storage requirements, the upstream design water depth and the water discharge requirements, so as to ensure that it can be opened and closed freely under the action of buoyancy and upstream water pressure, meet the water storage requirements and water discharge requirements, and ensure safety as the principle.

[0032] The single-plate gate 3 is located between two adjacent gate piers 2 and on the gate bottom plate 13. The width of the single-plate gate 3 is adapted to the distance between the two adjacent gate piers, and the two sides of the single-plate gate 3 are in sealing contact with the inner side of the gate pier. A track groove 8 located on the downstream side of the single-plate gate is opened on the opposite sides of the two gate piers. The track groove is a groove arranged on the inner side of the gate piers on both sides. The track groove is inclined downstream, and the upstream end of the track groove is lower than the downstream end. An inclined angle α is formed between the track groove and the horizontal plane. The size of α is reasonably selected according to the gate force analysis. The opposite sides of the two track grooves are open, and the roller is located between the groove top and the groove bottom of the track groove. Tracks are arranged on both the upper and lower sides of the track groove. The track is made of cast steel or alloy material and is fixed in the track groove by an anchoring structure. The upper and lower tracks just clamp the roller in the middle, and the roller can roll between the upper and lower tracks. In this way, the gate can be well fixed, so that the gate can only move up and down along the direction of the track groove, and the gate is only allowed to move up and down along the direction of the track groove. In this way, when the automatic single-plate floating gate moves up and down under the action of water flow, it can drive the roller to move up and down in the roller groove, so as to achieve the raising and lowering of the gate in the inclined direction, thereby completing the purpose of opening and closing the gate.

[0033] The support frame is connected to the single-plate gate and moves along the track groove. Specifically, the support frame includes a pull rod 5 and a connecting rod 11, one end of which is hinged through a hinge Ⅰ7. The other end of the pull rod 5 is hinged to the single-plate gate 3 through a hinge Ⅱ4. The other end of the connecting rod 11 is hinged to the single-plate gate 3 through a hinge Ⅲ12. The pull rod and the single-plate gate, the connecting rod and the single-plate gate, and the pull rod and the connecting rod can rotate with each other through the hinge. A roller 10 that moves along the track groove is installed on the connecting rod. To facilitate the installation of the roller, a wheel support 9 is fixed under the connecting rod in this embodiment, and the roller is fixed under the wheel support. In this way, the roller is fixed under the connecting rod through the wheel support, and the roller is set in the track groove. The roller is made of cast steel or alloy material and is rust-proofed; the single-plate gate is fixed on the track through the roller to facilitate the gate rolling on the track.

[0034] The pull rod 5 is a telescopic rod. Specifically, the pull rod 5 includes a front pull rod hinged to the single-plate gate, a rear pull rod hinged to the connecting rod, and a hydraulic piston device 6 located between the front pull rod and the rear pull rod, one end of the hydraulic piston device 6 is connected to the front pull rod, and the other end is connected to the rear pull rod. The hydraulic piston device adopts a single-rod hydraulic cylinder or a double-rod hydraulic cylinder in the prior art, and the length of the pull rod is adjusted by extending or retracting the hydraulic rod, thereby adjusting the inclination angle of the gate to adjust the water storage depth and water storage amount.

[0035] When the gate is closed, water stops are provided at the gaps between the gate and the gate piers 2 on both sides and the gate bottom plate 13, and the water stops are fixed on the gate piers and the gate bottom plate, which can effectively stop leakage and prevent water leakage, thereby meeting the requirements of water storage for convenient use.

[0036] An inspection gate slot 1 located on the upstream side of the single-plate gate is provided on the opposite sides of the two gate piers. The inspection gate slot 1 is arranged vertically to facilitate the inspection of the working gate.

[0037] When the present invention is working, when the upstream water volume changes, the water source water level will change, so the buoyancy and lateral water pressure acting on the gate will also change accordingly. Under the action of the buoyancy and lateral water pressure, the gate can automatically move up or down along the track, and can automatically complete the opening and closing of the gate;

[0038] When the upstream water level is lower than a certain level, the gate's deadweight is greater than the sum of the buoyancy of the upstream water and the lateral water pressure on the gate, and the gate is in a closed state;

[0039] When the amount of water coming from upstream increases, and the water level in front of the gate, i.e., on the upstream side of the single-plate gate, rises to a certain height, the buoyancy and lateral water pressure of the upstream water acting on the gate will also increase; when the component of the combined force of the two forces in the direction of the track is greater than the component of the gate's deadweight in the direction of the track and the friction between the roller and the track, the gate will move upward along the track, and the gate will automatically open, and the water will flow from the orifice between the gate and the gate bottom plate to the downstream, automatically completing the water discharge task; at this time, under the action of the buoyancy of the water and the lateral water pressure, the gate is "floating" on the track, in a balanced state, and the gate top always maintains a certain height difference with the water level;

[0040] If the upstream water flow rate remains constant and does not change, the upstream water source water level remains unchanged, and the gate position remains unchanged, then the gate discharge flow rate remains unchanged and is equal to the upstream water flow. Therefore, the water level in front of the gate remains stable, the gate is always in a balanced state, and the gate opening remains unchanged;

[0041] If the upstream water volume increases further, the water level in front of the gate will rise further. Under the buoyancy of the upstream water and the lateral water pressure, the gate will automatically rise further along the track, further increasing the downstream flow. If the upstream water volume increases to a certain amount and no longer changes, the water level in front of the gate remains stable, and the gate downstream flow is equal to the upstream water volume, the gate will be in a balanced state again, and the gate opening will remain stable.

[0042] When the upstream water volume decreases, the water level in front of the gate will drop accordingly, reducing the buoyancy of the gate. Under the action of its own weight, the gate causes the roller to roll, and the gate moves downward, so that the gate automatically moves in the closing direction, and the gate opening will automatically decrease, thereby reducing the downstream flow;

[0043] If the upstream water volume decreases to a certain amount and no longer changes, the water level in front of the gate will remain stable, the gate discharge will be equal to the upstream water volume and remain unchanged, then the gate will be in a balanced state and the gate opening will remain stable;

[0044] When the upstream water volume decreases further, the water level drops further, causing the gate to automatically move toward the closing direction, and the gate opening will automatically decrease, thereby further reducing the downstream flow; when the upstream water volume decreases to a certain extent and the water level in front of the gate drops to a certain height, the gate will automatically close under its own weight to maintain the water storage state. If the upstream water volume increases again, the gate will automatically open again to discharge the excess water. If the water volume decreases, the gate will automatically close again, and the cycle will repeat.

[0045] When the gate is closed, water stops are provided between the gate piers and the gate bottom plate on both sides to effectively stop leakage and prevent water leakage, thereby meeting the water storage requirements for convenient use.

[0046] In addition, if one wants to adjust the water level in front of the gate to change the water storage depth and thus adjust the amount of water storage, one can adjust the length of the pull rod through the piston to adjust the inclination angle of the gate so that the component of the gate in the direction of the track can be adjusted. At the same time, the buoyancy and lateral water pressure on the gate are also adjusted, thereby achieving the adjustment of the water storage amount. This is also the innovation of the present invention.

[0047] In the prior art, rubber dams that can store and release water have fast aging of rubber and short service life. They need to be replaced every 5 to 7 years and need to be equipped with special pressure charging devices. Flood control requires special personnel on duty, with high operating costs and inconvenient management. The hydraulic automatic single-plate floating gate of the present invention works completely by the height of the upstream water level to automatically control it in real time. With the change of the upstream water volume, the gate automatically opens and closes to automatically complete the needs of water discharge and storage, realizing the unmanned working mode of the gate, which is convenient for promotion and application in practice. The gate has a unique design and has good advantages in terms of principle, technology, and performance.

[0048] Of course, the above description is not limited to the above examples. Technical features not described in the present invention can be achieved by or by using existing technologies, which will not be repeated here. The above embodiments and drawings are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limitations of the present invention. The present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred implementation methods. Ordinary technicians in this field should understand that changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by ordinary technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention do not depart from the purpose of the present invention, and should also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic automatic single-plate floating gate, characterized in that: It comprises a single-plate gate (3) located between two adjacent gate piers (2) and having a width matching the distance between the two adjacent gate piers, a track groove (8) opened on the inner walls of the two gate piers and located on the downstream side of the single-plate gate, and a support frame connected to the single-plate gate and moving along the track groove, wherein the track groove is inclined toward the downstream, and the upstream end of the track groove is lower than the downstream end; The support frame comprises a pull rod (5) and a connecting rod (11) hinged at one end through a hinge I (7); the other end of the pull rod (5) is hinged to the single-plate gate (3) through a hinge II (4); the other end of the connecting rod (11) is hinged to the single-plate gate (3) through a hinge III (12); and a roller (10) is mounted on the connecting rod and moves along a track groove; The pull rod (5) is a telescopic rod; The two rail grooves are open on opposite sides, and the roller is located between the top and bottom of the rail grooves; The pull rod (5) comprises a front pull rod hinged to the single-plate gate, a rear pull rod hinged to the connecting rod, and a hydraulic piston device (6) located between the front pull rod and the rear pull rod, one end of the hydraulic piston device (6) being connected to the front pull rod and the other end being connected to the rear pull rod; The length of the pull rod is adjusted by the piston to adjust the inclination angle of the gate, so that the component of the gate in the direction of the track can be adjusted. At the same time, the buoyancy and lateral water pressure on the gate are also adjusted to achieve the regulation of the water storage capacity.

2. The hydraulic automatic single-plate floating gate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When the gate is closed, a water stop is provided at the gap between the gate and the gate piers (2) on both sides and the gate bottom plate (13), and the water stop is fixed on the gate piers and the gate bottom plate.

3. An application method of the hydraulic automatic single-plate floating gate according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Including the following aspects: a. When the water level upstream of the gate is lower than the water level that needs to be released, the gate's deadweight is greater than the sum of the buoyancy of the upstream water and the lateral water pressure on the gate, and the gate is in a closed state; b. When the water level on the upstream side of the gate rises and the force of the upstream water on the gate in the direction of the track groove is greater than the force of the gate's deadweight in the direction of the track groove and the friction between the roller and the track groove, the gate moves upward along the track groove through the force of the water, and the gate automatically opens to release water; at this time, the gate is in a balanced state, and the gate top always maintains a certain height difference with the water level; c. When the upstream water flow rate maintains a certain amount and does not change, the water level on the upstream side of the gate remains stable, the gate is in a balanced state, and the gate opening remains unchanged; d. When the water level on the upstream side of the gate drops, the buoyancy of the gate decreases, and the gate moves downward under the action of its own weight. The gate opening automatically decreases, thereby reducing the discharge flow. When the water level on the upstream side of the gate continues to drop to a certain height, the gate automatically closes under the action of its own weight to maintain the water storage state. e. The inclination angle of the single-plate gate can be adjusted by changing the length of the pull rod, so that the component of the gate in the track direction can be adjusted. At the same time, the buoyancy and lateral water pressure on the gate can also be adjusted, thereby achieving the adjustment of the water storage capacity.

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