A low-dust peanut picking combine harvester

Abstract

The present invention provides a low-dust peanut picking combine harvester, which includes a walking chassis, on which a picking platform, a conveying trough, a tangential-flow combined fruit picking device, a positive-negative wind pressure group wind screening device, and a lifting device are sequentially arranged from front to back; a fruit collecting box is arranged above the positive-negative wind pressure group wind screening device; the picking platform picks up peanut seedlings and transports them to the tangential-flow combined fruit picking device through the conveying trough; the equipment can complete the peanut picking, transportation, fruit picking, cleaning, grass collection, and fruit collection operations at one time. The present invention adopts a tangential-flow combined fruit picking roller, a front-stage tangential-flow fruit picking roller, and a rear-stage axial-flow fruit picking roller, which improves the fruit picking efficiency and quality while compressing the size and space; the three-stage three-dimensional cleaning screen can ensure that the whole machine can collect both dry and fresh fruit seedlings; the low dust caused by the negative pressure cleaning and grass collecting integrated fan is much less polluting to the environment than similar products.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a low-dust peanut picking combine harvester. Background Art

[0002] Peanuts are my country's most internationally competitive high-quality oil crop. With the rapid growth of regional planting areas in my country and the development of large-scale production in traditional production areas, the domestic demand for efficient mechanized peanut harvesting technology and equipment is becoming increasingly urgent. The original manual harvesting method of peanuts in the field has gradually been replaced by mechanized harvesting. Among them, peanut combine harvesters are increasingly used in domestic fields due to their high efficiency and high-quality harvesting. However, the current domestic peanut combine harvesters have the following problems: 1. Poor adaptability, only drier peanut seedlings can be harvested; 2. Serious dust emissions, affecting the health of agricultural machinery operators and farmers. At the same time, a large number of fine particles and microparticles are blown into the air, forming a large amount of complex dust, which causes serious damage to the atmosphere and restricts the development of my country's peanut industry. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a low-dust peanut picking combine harvester, which realizes efficient fruit picking and screening by adopting an efficient tangential-axial flow combined fruit picking device and a positive and negative wind pressure combined wind screening device, and reduces dust by a weed collecting and dust prevention device.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a low-dust peanut picking combine harvester, which includes a walking chassis, on which a picking platform, a conveying trough, a tangential flow combined fruit picking device, a positive and negative wind pressure group matching wind screening device and a lifting device are sequentially arranged from front to back; a fruit collecting box is arranged above the positive and negative wind pressure group matching wind screening device; the picking platform picks up the peanut seedlings and conveys them to the tangential flow combined fruit picking device through the conveying trough;

[0005] The tangential-axial-flow combined fruit picking device is provided with two fruit picking rollers with parallel axes and different lengths on the fruit picking device frame in the forward direction of the combine harvester, wherein the first-stage fruit picking roller with a short length is located at the front, and the second-stage fruit picking roller with a long length is located at the rear, and the two rollers are flush with one end close to the outer side of the combine harvester;

[0006] The first-stage fruit picking roller is located in front of the central part of the combine harvester and is provided with a feed port connected to the end of the conveying trough, and the axial outer side is an axial flow fruit picking section and a shear flow fruit picking section in sequence;

[0007] The secondary fruit picking roller is axially divided into a shear flow fruit picking section, an axial flow fruit picking section and a grass discharge section from the outside to the other end; a grass discharge port is provided on the side wall of the grass discharge section, and a grass discharge fan is connected to the grass discharge port;

[0008] The cutting flow fruit picking section of the first-level fruit picking drum is connected to the side wall of the cutting flow fruit picking section of the second-level fruit picking drum to form a cutting flow fruit picking mechanism;

[0009] The two fruit picking drums are both provided with a fruit picking roller, and the fruit picking roller comprises a fruit picking roller main shaft arranged along the axis thereof and a fruit picking rod distributed around the main shaft; the fruit picking rod is provided with a plurality of fruit picking spring teeth extending outward at intervals;

[0010] The end of the main shaft of the fruit picking roller is connected to the power device; the top shells of the two fruit picking rollers are closed structures, and the inner surface thereof is provided with spirally distributed guide plates; the spiral direction of the guide plates is adapted to the rotation direction of the fruit picking rollers, so that the guide plates cooperate with the fruit picking rollers to transport the peanut vines along the axial direction of the fruit picking rollers;

[0011] The bottom shells of the two fruit picking drums are concave plate screens; the concave plate screens are formed by staggered connection of rod-shaped cross beams arranged along the axis direction of the fruit picking drums and rod-shaped longitudinal beams distributed along the circumferential direction of the fruit picking drums;

[0012] The positive and negative wind pressure combined wind screening device comprises an upper screen body and a lower screen body; wherein:

[0013] The upper sieve body and the lower sieve body are installed on the frame through a vibration device; the upper sieve body is a hollow box-shaped structure, and the area near the tail of the bottom plate of the upper sieve body is a grid plate; the front part of the lower sieve body is located below the grid plate to receive the leaked material of the grid plate;

[0014] The top plate of the upper sieve body is composed of a front shaking plate, a front pick-driving device, a rear shaking plate, and a rear pick-driving device in order from the head to the tail of the upper sieve body; the front shaking plate and the rear shaking plate are provided with a corrugated structure, the front pick-driving device and the rear pick-driving device are in a grid shape, and a plurality of sawtooth structures inclined toward the tail of the upper sieve body are provided on the upper surface thereof; the grid mesh of the front pick-driving device is larger than the grid mesh of the rear pick-driving device;

[0015] The head of the upper sieve body is connected to a cross-flow fan that generates positive pressure; a light impurity outlet opening upward is provided between the rear edge of the rear remover and the tail end plate of the upper sieve body; a first impurity suction, grass collection and dust prevention device is provided above the tail of the upper sieve body and is aligned with the light impurity outlet and the rear edge of the rear remover; a second impurity suction, grass collection and dust prevention device is provided above the rear of the lower sieve body;

[0016] The lower screen body is a round hole screen, and a discharge collection port is arranged at the rear of the lower screen body; the lifting device is used to receive the peanut pods dropped from the discharge collection port and transport them to the fruit collection box.

[0017] A further improvement of the present invention is that in the grass removal section of the secondary fruit picking roller, grass removal spike teeth are arranged on the fruit picking rod of the fruit picking roller, and the arrangement density of the grass removal spike teeth is greater than that of the axial flow fruit picking section and the shear flow fruit picking section.

[0018] A further improvement of the present invention is that: the fruit picking roller is cage-shaped, including a fruit picking roller main shaft, a supporting disc and a plurality of fruit picking rods; two of the supporting discs are fixedly mounted at both ends of the fruit picking roller main shaft; each of the fruit picking rods is arranged in line with the fruit picking roller main shaft, and both ends are respectively fixedly connected to the outer edge of the supporting disc; both ends of the fruit picking roller main shaft respectively pass through the end plates of the fruit picking drum where they are located, and are mounted on the fruit picking device frame through anti-grass entanglement bearings.

[0019] A further improvement of the present invention is that: both sides of the head of the upper screen body are rotatably connected to the bottom ends of the two front swing arms respectively, and the top ends of the front swing arms are rotatably connected to the frame; both sides of the tail of the upper screen body are rotatably connected to the top ends of the two driving arms; the middle part of the driving arm is rotatably connected to the frame;

[0020] The bottom ends of the two driving arms are rotatably connected to the two sides of the lower screen body respectively; the two sides of the rear part of the lower screen body are rotatably connected to the frame through two rear swing arms, and at least one of the driving arms is eccentrically rotatably connected to a flywheel through a rod; the driving arm is used to drive the upper screen body and the lower screen body to vibrate.

[0021] A further improvement of the present invention is that: the front pick-removing device and the rear pick-removing device include a plurality of strip-shaped sawtooth plates arranged longitudinally along the upper screen body and a plurality of strip-shaped connecting plates arranged transversely along the upper screen body; the sawtooth structure is arranged at the top edge of the strip-shaped sawtooth plates; the strip-shaped connecting plates sequentially pass through each of the strip-shaped sawtooth plates, and the top edge thereof is bent toward the tail direction of the upper screen body to form a guide structure;

[0022] In the front pickaxe, the spacing between adjacent strip-shaped connecting plates is 59-61 mm, and the spacing between adjacent strip-shaped serrated plates is 69-71 mm;

[0023] In the rear picker, the spacing between adjacent strip-shaped connecting plates is 34-36 mm, and the spacing between adjacent strip-shaped serrated plates is 39-42 mm.

[0024] A further improvement of the present invention is that: the width of the air outlet of the crossflow fan and the width of the air inlet of the first dust collecting and dust prevention device are the same as the width of the upper sieve body; the cross section of the air inlet of the first dust collecting and dust prevention device is parallel to the top plate plane of the upper sieve body;

[0025] The air inlet of the second dust suction, grass collection and dust prevention device is the same width as the lower screen body; the cross-section of the air inlet of the second dust suction, grass collection and dust prevention device is parallel to the screen surface of the lower screen body, and the distance between the two is 8cm to 15cm.

[0026] A further improvement of the present invention is that: the first debris suction and grass collection and dust prevention device and the second debris suction and grass collection and dust prevention device have the same structure, both of which include an axial flow air suction cylinder with an opening at the bottom and arranged vertically, a negative pressure crushing fan connected to the axial flow air suction cylinder at the bottom, a grass collecting device whose front is connected to the side of the negative pressure crushing fan through a shear flow air debris outlet cylinder, a water tank arranged on the top of the grass collecting device, and a dust removal box connected to the back of the grass collecting device through a plurality of air guide pipes; wherein:

[0027] The fan housing of the negative pressure pulverizing fan is cylindrical and arranged vertically; a rotating shaft is coaxially arranged inside the fan housing, and a plurality of blades are arranged along the radial direction of the rotating shaft, and a pulverizing knife is arranged perpendicular to the windward surface of the blade, and the blade of the pulverizing knife is parallel to the windward surface;

[0028] The axial flow air suction cylinder is a telescopic structure with adjustable vertical length, with a suction port provided at its bottom end and a top end connected to the bottom of the fan housing;

[0029] The grass collecting device is a box-shaped structure, and the tangential air debris outlet cylinder connecting the grass collecting device and the fan housing is arranged along the tangent direction of the fan housing; an openable discharge plate is arranged at the bottom of the grass collecting device;

[0030] The bottom plate and the top plate of the dust removal box are provided with a plurality of air outlets and dust exhaust ports; the top plate of the dust removal box is equipped with a plurality of atomizing nozzles with a spraying direction facing downward; the atomizing nozzles are connected to the water pump and the water tank in sequence through pipelines.

[0031] A further improvement of the present invention is that: the axial flow air suction cylinder includes a fixed cylinder located at the top and a lifting cylinder located at the bottom; the bottom end of the fixed cylinder and the top end of the lifting cylinder are sleeved; the outer surface of the fixed cylinder is provided with a fixed ear plate, and the outer surface of the lifting cylinder is provided with a lifting ear plate opposite to the fixed ear plate; the fixed ear plate is connected to the lifting ear plate through an adjusting screw.

[0032] The further improvement of the present invention is that: the lifting device comprises a frame-shaped lifting frame, a flat belt, and a plurality of buckets arranged on the flat belt; the opening of each bucket is circumferentially oriented toward the lifting frame; the flat belt is annular, and its outer surface is attached to the inner surface of the lifting frame, and the bucket is arranged on the inner surface of the flat belt; conveying chains are arranged on both sides of the inner surface of the flat belt; the lifting frame is provided with a plurality of driven sprockets meshing with the conveying chains, and the flat belt is pressed against the inner surface of the lifting frame through the driven sprockets; the conveying chain is meshed with at least one tensioning wheel providing power;

[0033] The bottom plate of the lifting frame is used to receive the peanut pods discharged from the discharge collection port of the positive and negative wind pressure combined wind screening device; the front and rear edges of the bottom plate are connected with fruit blocking plates;

[0034] A fruit throwing device for receiving the pods dumped from the bucket is arranged below the top plate of the lifting frame; the fruit throwing device comprises a conveyor belt with one end located below the top plate and the other end located above the fruit collecting box, and side slide plates located on both sides of the conveyor belt and inclined toward the conveyor belt.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention adopts a tangential flow group fruit picking roller, a front-stage tangential flow fruit picking roller and a rear-stage axial flow fruit picking roller, which improves the fruit picking efficiency and quality while compressing the size and space; the three-stage three-dimensional cleaning screen can ensure that the whole machine can collect both dry and fresh fruit seedlings; the low dust pollution caused by the negative pressure cleaning and grass-integrated fan is much lower than that of similar products. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a stereoscopic view of the low-dust peanut picking combine harvester of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a low-dust peanut picking combine harvester of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the picking platform and the conveying trough;

[0039] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional view of the picking table and the conveying trough;

[0040] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional view of the tangential axial flow combined fruit picking device;

[0041] Figure 6 It is a side schematic diagram of a tangential axial flow combined fruit picking device;

[0042] Figure 7 A three-dimensional view of a fruit picking roller in a first-stage fruit picking drum;

[0043] Figure 8 A three-dimensional view of a fruit picking roller in a secondary fruit picking drum;

[0044] Fig. 9 A three-dimensional view of the concave plate screen in the first-stage fruit picking drum and the second-stage fruit picking drum;

[0045] Fig.10 It is a partial cross-sectional view of a three-dimensional view of a tangential axial flow combined fruit picking device;

[0046] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the movement path of the peanut vines during the fruit picking process of the fruit picking device;

[0047] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the positive and negative wind pressure group wind screening device;

[0048] Fig.13 It is a cross-sectional view of the upper screen body in the positive and negative wind pressure combined wind screening device;

[0049] Fig.14 A three-dimensional view of the upper screen body and the lower screen body in the positive and negative wind pressure group wind screening device;

[0050] Fig.15 A three-dimensional view of a dust-control device for sucking and collecting debris;

[0051] Fig.16 It is a side view of the dust-prevention device for sucking debris and collecting grass;

[0052] Fig.17 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the dust-prevention device for sucking debris, collecting grass and preventing dust;

[0053] Fig.18 A three-dimensional view of the lifting device;

[0054] Fig.19 This is a front view of the lifting device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The concept, specific structure and technical effects of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to fully understand the purpose, characteristics and effects of the present invention.

[0056] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the claims and description of this patent shall have the common meanings understood by persons with ordinary skills in the technical field to which this patent belongs. "Including" or "having" and other similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before "including" or "having" include the elements or objects listed after "including" or "having" and their equivalent elements, and do not exclude other elements or objects.

[0057] In the description of this patent, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this patent can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0058] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the low-dust peanut picking combine harvester of the embodiment of the present invention includes a walking chassis 1, on which a picking platform 2, a conveying trough 3, a tangential flow combined fruit picking device 4, a positive and negative wind pressure combined wind screening device 5 and a lifting device 6 are arranged in sequence from front to back. A fruit collecting box 7 is arranged above the positive and negative wind pressure combined wind screening device 5. The picking platform 2 is used to pick up peanut vines on the ground and transport them to the tangential flow combined fruit picking device 4 through the conveying trough 3. The tangential flow combined fruit picking device 4 is used to remove peanut pods from the peanut vines. The peanut pods and some impurities fall to the positive and negative wind pressure combined wind screening device 5. The peanut vines after picking are discharged to the ground. The positive and negative wind pressure combined wind screening device 5 is used to screen peanut pods and collect impurities. The positive and negative wind pressure combined wind screening device 5 can reduce dust in the process of collecting impurities. The conveying trough 3 is used to collect the peanut pods screened by the positive and negative wind pressure combined wind screening device 5, and transport the screened peanut pods to the fruit collecting box 7.

[0059] like Figure 2 As shown, the picking platform 2 is connected and fixed to the conveying trough 3 by a threaded pair, the rear main transmission shaft of the conveying trough 3 is hinged at the M point of the tangential-axis flow combined fruit picking device 4, and the picking platform 2 and the conveying trough 3 rotate around the M axis under the action of the hydraulic cylinder to adjust the working height of the picking platform 2 so that the bottom end of the picking platform 2 is close to the ground surface.

[0060] like Figure 3 , 4 As shown, the picking platform 2 includes a grass presser 201, a slide-type picking spring tooth 202, and a grass collecting auger 203; a telescopic spring tooth is installed in the middle of the grass collecting auger 203, and the slide-type picking spring tooth 202 picks up the peanut seedlings laid on the ground. The slide installed on the side can ensure that the movement trajectory of the slide-type picking spring tooth 202 meets the working requirements.

[0061] like Figure 2 , 3As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the picking platform 2 and the conveying trough 3 are prior art. The picking platform 2 picks up the peanut seedlings dug and dried on the ground. The slide-type picking spring teeth 202 smoothly deliver the seedlings to the grass collecting auger 203 during the movement. The grass collecting auger 203 collects the seedlings to the telescopic tooth area through the auger blades installed in opposite directions. The grass presser 201 prevents the seedlings from falling off the slide-type picking spring teeth 202 during this process. Adjustment rods for adjusting the working phase of the telescopic rod are installed on both sides of the grass collecting auger 203. The grass collecting auger 203 collects the sent fruit seedlings to the conveying trough 3 as the inlet end, and sends them to the tangential axial flow combined fruit picking device 4 through the conveying trough.

[0062] like Figure 3 , 4 As shown, a conveying frame 303 with a rectangular cross section is arranged inside the conveying trough 3, and the conveying frame 303 serves as the shell of the conveying trough 3, and a rake conveying chain 301 for conveying peanut seedlings is arranged in the middle of the cavity inside the conveying trough 3. Adjusting screws 302 are arranged on both sides of the front end of the conveying trough 3.

[0063] like Figure 5 As shown, the tangential-axial flow combined fruit picking device 4 is used to remove peanut pods from peanut vines. The tangential-axial flow combined fruit picking device 4 in this embodiment faces the forward direction of the combine harvester, and two fruit picking rollers 42 and 43 with parallel axes and different lengths are horizontally arranged on the fruit picking device frame 41. Among the two fruit picking rollers, the shorter first-stage fruit picking roller 42 is located at the front, and the longer second-stage fruit picking roller 43 is located at the rear, and the two fruit picking rollers are flush with one end of the outer side of the combine harvester. This arrangement allows the first-stage fruit picking roller 42 to be located in front of the central part of the combine harvester and open a feed port, which is located at one end of the first-stage fruit picking roller 42 facing the inner side of the combine harvester. In this embodiment, the outer side of the combine harvester is the left side along its forward direction, and the inner side is the right side of the combine harvester along its forward direction. The height of the first-stage fruit picking roller 42 is less than the height of the second-stage fruit picking roller 43.

[0064] like Figure 5 , 6 As shown in Figures 11, the first-stage fruit picking drum 42 is composed of an axial flow fruit picking section 421 and a shear flow fruit picking section 422 in order along the axial outer side; the second-stage fruit picking drum 43 is composed of a shear flow fruit picking section 433, an axial flow fruit picking section 432 and a grass discharge section 431 in order along the axial direction from the outer side to the other end; the side wall of the grass discharge section 431 is provided with a grass discharge port facing backwards, and the grass discharge port is connected to a grass discharge fan 45. The shear flow fruit picking section 422 of the first-stage fruit picking drum 42 is connected to the side wall of the shear flow fruit picking section 433 of the second-stage fruit picking drum 43, forming a shear flow fruit picking mechanism 44.

[0065] The two fruit picking rollers 42 and 43 are both provided with fruit picking rollers 46 and 47 in a cage shape, including fruit picking roller main shafts 461 and 471, support discs 481 and a plurality of fruit picking rods 482; the two support discs 481 are fixedly mounted at both ends of the fruit picking roller main shafts 461 and 471; each fruit picking rod 482 is arranged in parallel with the fruit picking roller main shafts 461 and 471, and both ends are fixedly connected to the outer edge of the support discs 481; a plurality of fruit picking nail teeth 488 extending outward are arranged at intervals on the fruit picking rods 482; both ends of the fruit picking roller main shafts 461 and 471 pass through the end plates of the fruit picking rollers 42 and 43 where they are located, and are installed on the fruit picking device frame 41 through the anti-grass entanglement bearing 483, and the fruit picking device frame 41 is fixedly mounted on the walking chassis 1. The anti-grass entanglement bearing 483 is a sealed bearing, which can prevent the peanut vine from winding around the bearing. The secondary fruit picking roller 43 is relatively long, so the fruit picking roller 47 inside it is provided with a plurality of support ring plates 487 spaced apart along the axial direction, the support ring plates 487 surround the fruit picking roller main shaft 471, and the outer edges are fixedly connected to each fruit picking rod 482. In order to reduce the weight, in this embodiment, the fruit picking rods 482 of the two fruit picking rollers are hollow rods.

[0066] The ends of the main shafts 461 and 471 of the fruit picking rollers are connected to the power device; the top shells of the two fruit picking rollers 42 and 43 are closed structures, and the inner surfaces thereof are provided with spirally distributed guide plates 462 and 472; the spiral directions of the guide plates 462 and 472 are respectively adapted to the rotation directions of the fruit picking rollers 46 and 47, so that the guide plates 462 and 472 cooperate with the corresponding fruit picking rollers 46 and 47 to transport the peanut seedlings along the axial direction of the fruit picking rollers 42 and 43.

[0067] In this embodiment, the left end of the main shaft 461 of the fruit picking roller is connected to a pulley, and the right end is connected to a gear; the left end of the main shaft 471 of the other fruit picking roller is connected to a pulley. The two pulleys are connected by a belt drive, so that the two fruit picking rollers 46 and 47 rotate in the same direction. At the same time, the rotation speeds of the two fruit picking rollers 46 and 47 have a fixed ratio through the belt drive. Figure 6 As shown, the two fruit picking rollers 46 and 47 both adopt a counterclockwise rotation direction. The guide plate 462 adopts a clockwise spiral mode, and the guide plate 472 adopts a counterclockwise spiral mode.

[0068] The bottom shell of the two fruit picking drums 42, 43 is a concave screen 484; the concave screen 484 is formed by staggered connection of rod-shaped cross beams 485 arranged along the axis direction of the fruit picking drums 42, 43 and rod-shaped longitudinal beams 486 distributed along the circumference direction of the fruit picking drums 42, 43. After the peanut pods fall off, they fall from the gaps in the concave screen 484.

[0069] The fruit picking spikes 488 are rigid metal rods, which are arranged along the radial direction of the fruit picking rollers 46 and 47, and are used to push the peanut vines to rotate along the inner walls of the fruit picking drums 42 and 43 during the rotation of the fruit picking rollers 46 and 47, and to stir and rub the pods on the peanut vines with the concave screens 484 at the bottom of the fruit picking drums 42 and 43, so that the peanut pods and peanut vines fall off. In a specific embodiment, the fruit picking spikes 488 are connected to the fruit picking rods 482 by welding.

[0070] like Figure 5 , 11 As shown, during the fruit picking process, the peanut vines from the conveying trough 3 enter from the feed port of the primary fruit picking drum 42, and driven by the fruit picking roller 46 and the guide plate 462, move along the axis from the right end to the left end, and successively pass through the axial flow fruit picking section 421 and the shear flow fruit picking section 422 to finally enter the secondary fruit picking drum 43. In the secondary fruit picking drum 43, the peanut vines with pods are successively passed through the shear flow fruit picking section 433 and the axial flow fruit picking section 432 under the action of the fruit picking roller 47 and the spiral guide plate 472 for fruit picking, and the remaining peanut vines are discharged from the grass discharge section 431 and discharged through the grass discharge fan 45.

[0071] like Figures 7 to 10 As shown, in the first-stage fruit picking roller 42 and the second-stage fruit picking roller 43, the rotation speed of the fruit picking roller, the effective diameter of the fruit picking roller, the spacing between the fruit picking roller and the concave screen, and the spacing between the rod-shaped crossbeams of the concave screen have a great influence on the final fruit picking effect. The effective diameter of the fruit picking roller refers to twice the average distance between the end of the fruit picking spike 488 and the corresponding fruit picking roller main shaft 461, 471.

[0072] In this embodiment, the spacing between the two fruit picking rollers 46, 47 and the concave screen 484 below them is 35-38 mm, which refers to the minimum distance between the fruit picking nail teeth 488 and the concave screen 484 during the rotation of the fruit picking rollers 46, 47. During the fruit picking process, the spacing between the fruit picking rollers 46, 47 and the concave screen 484 below them can affect the friction between the peanut vines and the concave screen 484, which will affect the force of stirring and kneading the peanut vines, thereby affecting the quality of fruit picking. If the spacing is too large, the contact between the peanut vines and the concave screen 484 is too loose, which will cause the peanut vines to not be sufficiently kneaded, resulting in low fruit picking efficiency; if the spacing is too small, the peanut vines will be over-extruded, causing the collision between the peanut pods and the concave screen to be too violent, thereby causing the pods to break.

[0073] In the first-stage fruit picking roller 42, the effective diameter of the fruit picking roller 46 is 523-527 mm, the rotation speed of the fruit picking roller 46 is 348 to 353 RPM, and the spacing between the rod-shaped cross beams 485 of the concave screen 484 is 69-71 mm;

[0074] In the secondary fruit picking roller 43, the effective diameter of the fruit picking roller 47 is 508-512 mm, the rotation speed of the fruit picking roller 47 is 495 to 505 RPM, and the spacing between the rod-shaped cross beams 485 of the concave plate screen 484 is 59-61 mm.

[0075] The greater the rotation speed of the fruit picking rollers 46 and 47, the greater the collision force between the peanut pods and the concave screen, which makes the peanut pods easier to fall off and also makes the peanut pods more easily damaged. In this embodiment, the fruit picking roller 46 in the first-level fruit picking roller 42 performs primary fruit picking at a relatively slow rotation speed so as to pick the peanut pods that are easy to fall off from the peanut vines. Most of the peanut pods fall off from the peanut vines at this stage. The fruit picking roller 47 in the second-level fruit picking roller 43 uses a higher rotation speed so as to use a greater stirring force to finely pick the peanut pods that are difficult to fall off from the peanut vines. The fine fruit picking process focuses on the efficiency of fruit picking. In this process, the rupture of some peanut pods is acceptable.

[0076] In addition, during the rotation of the fruit picking rollers 46 and 47, the peanut vines rub against the rod-shaped cross beams 485 of the concave plate screen 484 in turn, which will form a corrugated pressure on the peanut vines (the area where the peanut vines contact with the rod-shaped cross beams 485 is denser, and the gaps between the rod-shaped cross beams 485 are looser). This process also plays a role in picking fruits.

[0077] The smaller the spacing between the rod-shaped cross beams 485 of the concave plate screen 484 in the first-stage fruit picking drum 42 and the second-stage fruit picking drum 43, the more frequently the corrugated pressure formed by the rod-shaped cross beams 485 on the peanut vines during the fruit picking process, making the fruit picking effect stronger. Therefore, the rod-shaped cross beams 485 of the concave plate screen 484 in the first-stage fruit picking drum 42 adopt a larger spacing, making the primary fruit picking process more relaxed, while the rod-shaped cross beams 485 of the concave plate screen 484 in the second-stage fruit picking drum 43 adopt a smaller spacing, making the fruit picking process more delicate.

[0078] In this embodiment, the rotation speed of the fruit picking rollers in the first-level fruit picking roller 42 and the second-level fruit picking roller 43, the effective diameter of the fruit picking roller, the distance between the fruit picking roller and the concave plate screen, and the distance between the rod-shaped cross beams of the concave plate screen cooperate with each other, so that the first-level fruit picking roller 42 can achieve preliminary fruit picking, and the second-level fruit picking roller 43 can achieve fine fruit picking. The two fruit picking rollers 42 and 43 cooperate with each other to minimize the damage of peanut pods while ensuring the fruit picking efficiency.

[0079] A plate-shaped concave screen 484a is provided at the bottom of the cutting flow fruit picking mechanism 44, and the two sides of the plate-shaped concave screen 484 are tangentially connected to the concave screens 484 at the bottom of the cutting flow fruit picking sections 422 and 433 of the first-level fruit picking drum 42 and the second-level fruit picking drum 43 respectively; the spacing between the rod-shaped cross beams 485 of the plate-shaped concave screen 484a is 70-72mm. The cutting flow fruit picking mechanism 44 is used for fruit picking and conveying the peanut vines in the first-level fruit picking drum 42 to the second-level fruit picking drum 43. In addition, in the process of the cutting flow fruit picking mechanism 44 throwing the peanut vines from the first-level fruit picking drum 42 to the second-level fruit picking drum 43, the entangled peanut vines can be loosened, and the peanut pods that have fallen off can be more easily dropped from the peanut vines, so as to avoid the dense peanut vines from entangled with the fallen peanut pods.

[0080] In this embodiment, a receiving groove 49 parallel to the secondary fruit picking roller 43 is provided below the axial flow fruit picking section 432 and the grass removal section 431 of the secondary fruit picking roller 43; a material drop opening is provided at one end of the receiving groove 49 facing the cutting flow fruit picking mechanism 44; a feeding auger 491 parallel to the secondary fruit picking roller 43 and having spiral blades is provided inside the receiving groove 49; the preset rotation direction of the feeding auger 491 is adapted to the spiral direction of its blades, so that the feeding auger 491 pushes the material in the receiving groove 49 to fall from the material drop opening. The function of the receiving groove 49 is to control the falling area of ​​the peanut pods so as to perform subsequent screening operations on the peanut pods. The feeding auger 491 can prevent the peanut pods from blocking the receiving groove 49.

[0081] In order to facilitate weed removal, weed removal spikes 489 are provided on the weed removal section 431 of the secondary fruit picking drum 43 and the fruit picking rod 482 of the fruit picking roller 47, and the arrangement density of the weed removal spikes 489 is greater than that of the axial flow fruit picking section 432 and the cutting flow fruit picking section 433. The dense weed removal spikes 489 can more efficiently remove the peanut seedlings from the secondary fruit picking drum 43. The weed removal fan 45 can prevent the weed removal port from being blocked.

[0082] In this embodiment, the first-stage fruit picking drum 42 and the second-stage fruit picking drum 43 adopt the axial flow-tangential flow-axial flow fruit picking mode, effectively utilizing the axial flow and tangential flow fruit picking methods to improve the peanut fruit picking efficiency and increase the peanut fruit picking feeding amount in the effective space. Compared with the traditional multi-stage tangential flow fruit picking operation, it saves 2 / 3 of the space and also reduces the weight of the self-propelled pick-up combine harvester by 2 / 3.

[0083] The beneficial effects of the tangential axial flow combined fruit picking device are:

[0084] (1) The first-stage fruit picking roller and the second-stage fruit picking roller are arranged and welded on the fruit picking rod, which are fixed to the support disc by a fixing plate and then installed on the main shaft through an anti-grass entanglement bearing. The hollow fruit picking rod and the first-stage and second-stage fruit picking roller structures can reduce the weight of the fruit picking device to the maximum extent;

[0085] (2) The first and second level fruit picking rollers are installed on the main shaft frame by anti-grass entanglement bearings, which effectively reduces the entanglement of peanut stems and improves work efficiency;

[0086] (3) The fruit picking device adopts an axial flow-tangential flow-axial flow fruit picking mode, effectively utilizing the axial flow and tangential flow fruit picking methods to improve the peanut picking efficiency and increase the peanut picking feeding amount in the effective space; compared with the traditional multi-stage tangential flow fruit picking operation, it saves 2 / 3 of the space and also reduces the weight of the self-propelled pick-up combine harvester by 2 / 3;

[0087] (4) The grass discharge spring teeth at the end of the secondary fruit picking roller are closely arranged on the fruit picking rod, and the grass is discharged from the fruit picking device through the grass discharge fan, effectively reducing the problem of grass discharge port blockage;

[0088] (5) The grass and pods that fall off the end of the secondary fruit picking roller are discharged by the auger and fall into the cleaning device, effectively preventing the grass from entanglement and blockage;

[0089] (6) The rotation speed of the first-stage picking roller and the second-stage picking roller, the effective diameter of the picking roller, the spacing between the picking roller and the concave screen, and the spacing between the rod-shaped crossbeams of the concave screen cooperate with each other, so that the first-stage picking roller can achieve preliminary fruit picking and the second-stage picking roller can achieve fine fruit picking. The two picking rollers cooperate with each other to minimize the damage of peanut pods while ensuring the fruit picking efficiency.

[0090] See also Figures 12 to 14 As shown, in this embodiment, the positive and negative wind pressure combined wind screening device 5 is arranged on the frame of the peanut picking combine harvester, and the positive and negative wind pressure combined wind screening device 5 includes an upper screen body 51 and a lower screen body 53. The upper screen body 51 is used to receive the mixture of peanut pods and impurities dropped by the tangential axial flow combined fruit picking device 4, and separate the peanut pods and impurities; specifically:

[0091] The upper screen body 51 is a hollow box-shaped structure, and the two sides of the head are rotatably connected to the bottom ends of the two front swing arms 54, and the top ends of the front swing arms 54 are rotatably connected to the frame; the two sides of the tail of the upper screen body 51 are rotatably connected to the top ends of the two driving arms 55; the middle of the driving arms 55 is rotatably connected to the frame; the area near the tail of the bottom plate of the upper screen body 51 is a grid plate 56;

[0092] The front part of the lower screen body 3 is located below the grid plate 56 to receive the leaked material of the grid plate 56, and the bottom ends of the two driving arms 55 are rotatably connected to the two sides of the lower screen body 53 respectively; the two sides of the rear part of the lower screen body 53 are rotatably connected to the frame through two rear swing arms 57, and at least one driving arm 55 is eccentrically rotatably connected to a flywheel through a rod; the driving arm 55 is used to drive the upper screen body 51 and the lower screen body 53 to vibrate.

[0093] During operation, the flywheel is connected to the power device through the drive shaft, so that the drive arm 55 swings, thereby causing the upper screen body 51 and the lower screen body 53 to vibrate synchronously in opposite directions. The double screen body vibration is self-balanced, which effectively reduces the impact of the double screen body on the vibration of the whole machine.

[0094] The top plate of the upper sieve body 51 is composed of a front shaking plate 511, a front picker 512, a rear shaking plate 513, and a rear picker 514 from the head to the tail of the upper sieve body 51; the front shaking plate 511 and the rear shaking plate 513 are provided with a corrugated structure, the front picker 512 and the rear picker 514 are in a grid shape, and a plurality of sawtooth structures inclined toward the tail of the upper sieve body 51 are provided on the upper surface; the grid mesh of the front picker 512 is larger than the grid mesh of the rear picker 514. The top edges of the four side walls of the upper sieve body 51 are higher than the height of its top plate to prevent peanut pods from falling from the edge of the top plate of the upper sieve body 51.

[0095] The front shaking plate 511 is used to receive the mixture of peanut pods and impurities output by the fruit picking device, and the impurities include soil impurities and long and short impurities of peanut vines. During the shaking process of the upper sieve body 51, the peanut pods and impurities gradually move from front to back on the upper sieve body 51. The front edge of the front picker 512 is welded to the rear edge of the front shaking plate 511. The front picker 512 is mainly used to break up the material (a mixture of peanut pods and impurities), and screen out the long impurities and push them to the rear shaking plate 513, and some short impurities, peanut pods, and soil impurities are discharged by the front picker 512. The front picker 512 has a large amount of material, and a larger mesh size should be used to allow more pods to be discharged as quickly as possible.

[0096] During the shaking process of the upper screen body 1, the function of the rear shaking plate 513 is to re-mix, break up, and layer the materials on the rear shaking plate and push them backwards. The pods that are not missed by the front picker 512 will be layered on the rear shaking plate 513, that is, long impurities and short impurities are in the upper layer, and pods are in the lower layer, which greatly improves the efficiency of the re-screening by the rear picker 514.

[0097] The front edge of the rear picker 514 is welded to the rear edge of the rear shaking plate 513. The material pushed by the rear shaking plate 513 directly enters the rear picker 514. The rear picker 514 screens out the long impurities and short impurities and pushes them to the tail of the upper screen body 51. After the first material screening by the front picker 512, the amount of material pushed to the rear picker 514 is significantly reduced, including a small amount of pods, most of the long impurities and short impurities. In order to prevent the long impurities and short impurities from being leaked by the rear picker 514, a smaller mesh size should be used while ensuring that the pods are leaked.

[0098] like Fig.13 As shown ( Fig.13The front picker 512 and the rear picker 514 are partially enlarged views, the front picker 512 and the rear picker 514 include a plurality of strip-shaped sawtooth plates 516 arranged longitudinally along the upper sieve body 51 and a plurality of strip-shaped connecting plates 517 arranged transversely along the upper sieve body 51; the sawtooth structure is arranged on the top edge of the strip-shaped sawtooth plates 516; the strip-shaped connecting plates 517 pass through each strip-shaped sawtooth plate 516 in sequence, and the top edge thereof is bent toward the tail of the upper sieve body 51 to form a guide structure;

[0099] In the front pick-evicting device 512, the spacing between adjacent strip-shaped connecting plates 517 is 59-61 mm, and the spacing between adjacent strip-shaped sawtooth plates 516 is 69-71 mm. In this embodiment, the grid size of the front pick-evicting device 512 is 70 mm (horizontally) × 60 (vertically) mm.

[0100] The spacing between adjacent strip connecting plates 517 in the rear picker 514 is 34-36 mm, and the spacing between adjacent strip serrated plates 516 is 39-42 mm. In this embodiment, the grid size of the rear picker 514 is 40 mm (transverse) × 35 (vertical) mm.

[0101] In this embodiment, the head of the upper sieve body 51 is connected to the crossflow fan 58 that generates positive pressure; a light impurity outlet 515 opening upward is provided between the rear edge of the rear remover 514 and the tail end plate of the upper sieve body 51; a first impurity suction, grass collection and dust prevention device 59a is provided above the tail of the upper sieve body 51, which is aligned with the light impurity outlet 515 and the rear edge of the rear remover 514. The crossflow fan 58 cooperates with the first impurity suction, grass collection and dust prevention device 59a to form a uniform wind field from front to back inside the upper sieve body 51, and the wind field can directly act on the materials leaked by the front and rear removers. Usually, the fans used in the cleaning part of the peanut combine harvester are axial flow fans. When the fan shaft is long, the wind speed of the axial flow fan outlet is large at both ends and small in the middle, resulting in serious unevenness of the wind field. The use of the crossflow fan 58 can completely avoid the above phenomenon, and the wind pressure generated by the crossflow fan is greater under the same power.

[0102] In this embodiment, the positive pressure and negative pressure of the cross-flow fan 58 and the first dust collecting and grass collecting device 59a complement each other, and the airflow blown out by the cross-flow fan 58 passes through the cavity inside the upper sieve body 51 and is finally absorbed by the first dust collecting and grass collecting device 59a, so that a uniform wind field can be formed in the relatively closed upper sieve body 51. In this process, since the airflow is absorbed by the first dust collecting and grass collecting device 59a, it can be prevented that the airflow passes through the front picker 512 and flows upward to hinder the falling of materials.

[0103] The height of the middle part of the bottom plate of the upper sieve body 51 is lower than the height of the front part of the bottom plate, so that the airflow channel in the front half of the upper sieve body 51 is a wedge-shaped channel with a small front section and a large rear section. In addition, the rear edge of the grid plate 56 near the tail of the upper sieve body 51 is higher than its opposite front edge, which forms a wedge-shaped airflow channel with a thick front end and a thin rear end between the grid plate 56 and the top plate of the upper sieve body 51. During operation, the front and rear wedge-shaped channels make the wind field at the front and rear ends of the upper sieve body 51 faster, while the airflow in the middle is relatively gentle. This allows the material to be better stratified in the middle of the upper sieve body 51. During the stratification process, the heavier peanut pods are at the bottom, and the light impurities and short impurities are at the top, which makes the light impurities and short impurities easier to be carried by the wind field.

[0104] The materials dropped by the front and rear pickers will continuously roll backwards under the action of the wind field inside the upper screen body 51 and the vibration of the upper screen body 51. The rolling can further break up the materials, and the pods wrapped by short and light impurities will be separated from them during the rolling process. Compared with piled materials, scattered materials are more conducive to the wind field carrying short and light impurities.

[0105] The grid plate 56 is in the shape of a shutter, and includes a plurality of blade plates 561 arranged transversely along the upper sieve body 51, and the front edge of the blade plate 561 facing the head of the upper sieve body 51 is lower than its rear edge; there is a gap for dropping materials between adjacent blade plates 561. In this embodiment, the horizontal spacing of the blade plates 561 is 150 mm, and the angle between each blade plate 561 and the top surface of the upper sieve body 51 is 30°. Under the action of the wind field and vibration, the peanut pods inside the upper sieve body 51 fall from the gaps between the blade plates 561.

[0106] Other functions of the grid plate 56 are: ① It can serve as a wind guide plate to guide the wind field generated by the cross-flow fan to flow to the air inlet of the first impurity suction, grass collection and dust prevention device 59a, so that light impurities and short impurities are discharged from the light impurity outlet 515 at the tail end of the upper sieve body 51; ② As the sieve body vibrates, the material is broken up, and the long impurities are screened out and pushed backwards and discharged from the light impurity outlet 515 at the tail end of the upper sieve body 1.

[0107] The width of the air outlet of the cross-flow fan 58 and the width of the air inlet of the first impurity suction, grass collection and dust prevention device 59a are the same as the width of the upper sieve body 51; the cross section of the air inlet of the first impurity suction, grass collection and dust prevention device 59a is parallel to the top plate plane of the upper sieve body 51. The first impurity suction, grass collection and dust prevention device 59a is used not only to suck light impurities and short impurities discharged from the light impurity outlet 515, but also to suck long impurities that cannot fall down and are pushed by the rear ejector 514.

[0108] The lower sieve body 53 is a round hole sieve with a material discharging and collecting port at its rear. The height of the front part is higher than that of the rear part, and the angle with the horizontal direction is 3°. The longitudinal length is greater than 2.7m to ensure that a large amount of material mixture can be effectively dispersed during the backward shaking and conveying process. A second impurity suction and grass collection and dust prevention device 59b is arranged above the rear part of the lower sieve body 53.

[0109] The pods discharged from the grid plate 56 are mixed with a small amount of soil and light impurities. During the vibration of the lower sieve body 53, the pod mixture moves backward, soil and impurities fall from the sieve holes of the round hole sieve, and the pods finally fall from the discharge collection port at the tail of the lower sieve body 53. Some light impurities are sucked away by the second impurity suction, grass collection and dust prevention device 59b. The air inlet of the second impurity suction, grass collection and dust prevention device 59b has the same width as the lower sieve body 53; the air inlet cross section of the second impurity suction, grass collection and dust prevention device 59b is parallel to the sieve surface of the lower sieve body 53, and the distance between the two is 8cm to 15cm.

[0110] The beneficial effects of the positive and negative wind pressure combined wind screening device 5 are:

[0111] (1) Two types of front and rear draft shakers are designed for different material quantities and different material compositions to achieve two-level longitudinal screening of materials on the upper screen surface. A rear shaking plate is configured between the front and rear draft shakers to achieve re-mixing, breaking up and stratification of materials, greatly improving screening efficiency.

[0112] (2) It contains 4 types of screen surfaces (front draft remover, rear draft remover, grid plate, and round hole screen), and the 4 types of screen surfaces are arranged in three layers: upper, middle, and lower, to achieve four-level three-dimensional screening of materials.

[0113] (3) The material is screened four times in succession, and the long impurities, short impurities, light impurities, and soil impurities are screened out of the machine in different screening stages. Among them, most of the soil impurities are screened out of the machine through the lower screen body, rather than being blown out by air selection as in existing models, so the dust caused is very small.

[0114] (4) Three fans form a positive and negative pressure multi-wind system in series for air separation, including two negative pressure fans and one positive pressure fan. Different fans are configured at different screening stages to achieve air separation of different material components and improve air separation efficiency. The three fans perform their respective duties and share the load, so the wind speed of each fan does not need to be too high.

[0115] (5) The upper screen body and the lower screen body are driven by the same drive shaft. The two screen bodies vibrate in opposite directions. The vibration of the double screen bodies is self-balanced, which effectively reduces the impact of the double screen bodies on the vibration of the whole machine.

[0116] (6) The product has ingenious design, compact structure, simple construction, convenient assembly, easy cleaning, and smooth operation, and is suitable for material cleaning of mobile combine harvesting equipment.

[0117] like Figures 15 to 17As shown, in the positive and negative wind pressure combined wind screening device 5, the first impurity suction, grass collection and dust prevention device 59a and the second impurity suction, grass collection and dust prevention device 59b are used to absorb light impurities, and the two have the same structure, both of which include an axial flow wind impurity suction cylinder 82 with a bottom opening and arranged vertically, a negative pressure crushing fan 81 connected to the axial flow wind impurity suction cylinder 882 at the bottom, a grass collecting device 83 connected to the side of the negative pressure crushing fan 81 through a shear flow impurity outlet cylinder 815, a water tank 85 arranged on the top of the grass collecting device 83, and a dust removal box 84 connected to the back of the grass collecting device 83 through a plurality of air guide pipes 832. Each component is fixed to the frame of the peanut picking combine harvester through a support frame. The impurity suction, grass collection and dust prevention device is used to be arranged above the screen body of the positive and negative wind pressure combined wind screening device 5 to absorb impurities with relatively light mass.

[0118] Specifically, in this embodiment, the fan housing 811 of the negative pressure pulverizing fan 81 is cylindrical and arranged vertically; a rotating shaft 812 is coaxially arranged inside the fan housing 811, and a plurality of blades 813 are arranged along its radial direction on the rotating shaft 812. The top end of the rotating shaft 812 passes through the top plate of the fan housing 811 and is connected to a pulley 816. The pulley 816 is used to be connected to the servo motor in transmission so as to drive the rotating shaft 812 and the blades 813 to rotate.

[0119] The bottom end of the axial flow air suction cylinder 82 is provided with a suction port, and the top end thereof is connected to the bottom of the fan housing 811. During the rotation of the rotating shaft 812, the negative pressure crushing fan 81 generates a high-speed airflow, which sucks air from the axial flow air suction cylinder 82 into the fan housing 811. During this process, light impurities on the sieve body of the screening device enter the fan housing 811 along with the airflow. Then the airflow enters the grass collecting device 83 through the shear flow air impurity outlet cylinder 815, where the heavier impurities are deposited, and then the airflow enters the dust removal box 84 through the air guide pipe 832.

[0120] The windward surface of the blade 813 is provided with a crushing knife 814 perpendicular thereto, and the blade of the crushing knife 814 is parallel to the windward surface. In this embodiment, the crushing knife 814 is used to collide with light impurities in the airflow to crush them. Light impurities mainly include broken leaves, stems, broken soil, broken branches and seedlings, dust, debris and other debris mixed in peanuts. Some light impurities are flat and easy to block the impurity suction, grass collection and dust prevention device. After being chopped, the light impurities are easier to handle and are not easy to cause the impurity suction, grass collection and dust prevention device to be blocked. In this embodiment, the windward surface of the blade 813 is sequentially provided with four mutually parallel crushing knives 814 from top to bottom; in the blade 813, the crushing knives 814 at the uppermost and lowermost ends are respectively arranged at the top edge and the bottom edge of the blade 813. In this embodiment, the leeward side of the blade 813 is provided with a connecting rod 817, and one end of the connecting rod 817 is vertically connected to the rotating shaft 812.

[0121] The axial flow air suction cylinder 82 is a telescopic structure with adjustable vertical length. Its top is fixed and the height of the bottom can be adjusted according to the position of the screen body. The axial flow air suction cylinder 82 includes a fixed cylinder 821 located at the top and a lifting cylinder 822 located at the bottom; the bottom end of the fixed cylinder 821 and the top end of the lifting cylinder 822 are sleeved; fixed ear plates 823 are arranged on both sides of the outer surface of the fixed cylinder 821, and lifting ear plates 824 opposite to the fixed ear plates 823 are arranged on both sides of the outer surface of the lifting cylinder 822; the fixed ear plates 823 are connected to the lifting ear plates 824 through an adjusting screw 825. By adjusting the nut of the adjusting bolt 825, the height of the lifting cylinder 822 can be adjusted so that the suction port at the bottom of the lifting cylinder 822 can maintain a suitable distance from the screen body.

[0122] The grass collecting device 83 is a box-shaped structure. The tangential flow wind debris outlet tube 815 connecting the grass collecting device 83 and the fan housing 811 is arranged along the tangent direction of the fan housing 811. This arrangement makes the kinetic energy loss of the airflow less during the discharge of the fan housing 811. An openable discharge plate 831 is arranged at the bottom of the grass collecting device 83. When there are too many light impurities in the grass collecting device 83, the discharge plate 831 can be opened to discharge the light impurities. In this embodiment, the grass collecting principle of the grass collecting device 83 is as follows: the airflow outlet speed of the tangential flow wind debris outlet tube 815 is relatively fast. After entering the large-volume grass collecting device 83, the airflow speed slows down, making it easier for light impurities to settle.

[0123] After the light impurities are deposited in the grass collecting device 83, they are connected to the dust removal box 84 through the air duct 832. The bottom plate and the top plate of the dust removal box 84 are provided with a plurality of air outlets 841; the top plate of the dust removal box 84 is provided with a plurality of atomizing nozzles 842 with a spraying direction facing downward; the atomizing nozzles 842 are connected to the water pump and the water tank 85 in sequence through pipelines.

[0124] The gas entering the dust box 84 includes a lot of dust, which will cause dust if discharged directly. An atomizing nozzle 842 is set on the top of the dust box 84, and the water mist sprayed by it can diffuse above the dust box 84 and inside the dust box 84. The water mist can condense with the dust entrained in the air flow to make it settle and be discharged to the ground through the air outlet 841 at the bottom of the dust box 84, thereby achieving the effects of dust filtering, dust removal, dust reduction, and dust prevention, and effectively protecting the ecological environment. In a specific embodiment, the diameter of the air exhaust hole 841 is 9mm to 11mm. The number of air ducts 832 is three.

[0125] In this embodiment, the beneficial effects of the impurity suction, grass collecting and dust prevention device are as follows: the impurity suction, grass collecting and dust prevention device can effectively absorb light impurities mixed in the peanut pods, the grass collecting device can cause the light impurities in the airflow to settle, and the dust in the airflow can be condensed and settled under the action of the water mist sprayed from the atomizing nozzle above the dust removal box, thereby avoiding the generation of dust during the air selection process.

[0126] like Fig.18 , 19 As shown, the lifting device includes a frame-shaped lifting frame 608, a flat belt 602, and a plurality of buckets 601 arranged on the flat belt 602. The lifting frame 608 is arranged in a vertical direction, and its axis around a circle is along the forward direction of the peanut picking combine harvester.

[0127] The flat belt 602 is annular and has the same length as the inner side of the lifting frame 608. Its outer surface is attached to the inner surface of the lifting frame 608. The buckets are arranged on the inner surface of the flat belt 602. The openings of the buckets 601 are circumferentially oriented toward the lifting frame 608. When viewed along the forward direction of the peanut picking combine harvester, the opening direction of the buckets 601 is clockwise.

[0128] Conveying chains 603 are arranged on both sides of the inner surface of the flat belt 602; the lifting frame 608 is provided with a plurality of driven sprockets 606 meshing with the conveying chains 603, and the flat belt 602 is pressed against the inner surface of the lifting frame 608 through the driven sprockets 606; the conveying chain 603 is meshed with at least one tensioning wheel 606a providing power; the tensioning wheel 606a is connected to a power device and is used to drive the flat belt 602 to move along the inner surface of the lifting frame 608. During the movement of the flat belt 602, each bucket 601 moves on the inner surface of the lifting frame 608 along its opening direction.

[0129] The bottom plate of the lifting frame 608 is used to receive the peanut pods discharged from the discharge collection port of the positive and negative wind pressure combined air screening device; the front and rear edges of the bottom plate are connected with a fruit baffle plate 604; the fruit baffle plate 604 and the bottom plate form a trough structure for collecting peanut pods, and when each bucket 601 passes through the trough structure, the bucket 601 is loaded with peanut pods, and as it is continuously lifted, when it passes through the top plate of the lifting frame 608, the peanut pods are dumped downwards.

[0130] A fruit throwing device 607 for receiving the pods dumped from the bucket 601 is provided below the top plate of the lifting frame 608; the fruit throwing device 607 has a conveyor belt 617 with one end located below the top plate and the other end located above the fruit collecting box 7, and side slides 618 located on both sides of the conveyor belt 617 and inclined toward the conveyor belt 617.

[0131] The preferred specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. It should be understood that a person skilled in the art can make many modifications and changes based on the concept of the present invention without creative work. Therefore, any technical solution that can be obtained by a person skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the concept of the present invention on the basis of the prior art should be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A low-dust peanut picking combine harvester, comprising a walking chassis, characterized in that: The walking chassis is provided with a picking platform, a conveying trough, a tangential flow combined fruit picking device, a positive and negative wind pressure group wind screening device and a lifting device in sequence from front to back; a fruit collecting box is provided above the positive and negative wind pressure group wind screening device; the picking platform picks up the peanut seedlings and conveys them to the tangential flow combined fruit picking device through the conveying trough; The tangential-axial-flow combined fruit picking device is provided with two fruit picking rollers with parallel axes and different lengths on the fruit picking device frame in the forward direction of the combine harvester, wherein the first-stage fruit picking roller with a short length is located at the front, and the second-stage fruit picking roller with a long length is located at the rear, and the two rollers are flush with one end close to the outer side of the combine harvester; The first-stage fruit picking roller is located in front of the central part of the combine harvester and is provided with a feed port connected to the end of the conveying trough, and the axial outer side is an axial flow fruit picking section and a shear flow fruit picking section in sequence; The secondary fruit picking roller is axially divided into a shear flow fruit picking section, an axial flow fruit picking section and a grass discharge section from the outside to the other end; a grass discharge port is provided on the side wall of the grass discharge section, and a grass discharge fan is connected to the grass discharge port; The cutting flow fruit picking section of the first-level fruit picking drum is connected to the side wall of the cutting flow fruit picking section of the second-level fruit picking drum to form a cutting flow fruit picking mechanism; The two fruit picking drums are both provided with a fruit picking roller, and the fruit picking roller comprises a fruit picking roller main shaft arranged along the axis thereof and a fruit picking rod distributed around the main shaft; the fruit picking rod is provided with a plurality of fruit picking spring teeth extending outward at intervals; The end of the main shaft of the fruit picking roller is connected to the power device; the top shells of the two fruit picking rollers are closed structures, and the inner surface thereof is provided with spirally distributed guide plates; the spiral direction of the guide plates is adapted to the rotation direction of the fruit picking rollers, so that the guide plates cooperate with the fruit picking rollers to transport the peanut vines along the axial direction of the fruit picking rollers; The bottom shells of the two fruit picking drums are concave plate screens; the concave plate screens are formed by staggered connection of rod-shaped cross beams arranged along the axis direction of the fruit picking drums and rod-shaped longitudinal beams distributed along the circumferential direction of the fruit picking drums; The positive and negative wind pressure combined wind screening device comprises an upper screen body and a lower screen body; wherein: The upper sieve body and the lower sieve body are installed on the frame through a vibration device; the upper sieve body is a hollow box-shaped structure, and the area near the tail of the bottom plate of the upper sieve body is a grid plate; the front part of the lower sieve body is located below the grid plate to receive the leaked material of the grid plate; The top plate of the upper sieve body is composed of a front shaking plate, a front pick-driving device, a rear shaking plate, and a rear pick-driving device in order from the head to the tail of the upper sieve body; the front shaking plate and the rear shaking plate are provided with a corrugated structure, the front pick-driving device and the rear pick-driving device are in a grid shape, and a plurality of sawtooth structures inclined toward the tail of the upper sieve body are provided on the upper surface thereof; the grid mesh of the front pick-driving device is larger than the grid mesh of the rear pick-driving device; The head of the upper sieve body is connected to a cross-flow fan that generates positive pressure; a light impurity outlet opening upward is provided between the rear edge of the rear remover and the tail end plate of the upper sieve body; a first impurity suction, grass collection and dust prevention device is provided above the tail of the upper sieve body and is aligned with the light impurity outlet and the rear edge of the rear remover; a second impurity suction, grass collection and dust prevention device is provided above the rear of the lower sieve body; The lower screen body is a round hole screen, and a discharge collection port is arranged at the rear of the lower screen body; the lifting device is used to receive the peanut pods dropped from the discharge collection port and transport them to the fruit collection box; In the grass removal section of the secondary fruit picking roller, grass removal spike teeth are arranged on the fruit picking rod of the fruit picking roller, and the arrangement density of the grass removal spike teeth is greater than that of the axial flow fruit picking section and the shear flow fruit picking section; The fruit picking roller is cage-shaped, and includes a fruit picking roller main shaft, a supporting disc and a plurality of fruit picking rods; two of the supporting discs are fixedly mounted at both ends of the fruit picking roller main shaft; each of the fruit picking rods is arranged parallel to the fruit picking roller main shaft, and both ends are fixedly connected to the outer edge of the supporting disc respectively; both ends of the fruit picking roller main shaft respectively pass through the end plates of the fruit picking drum where they are located, and are mounted on the fruit picking device frame through anti-grass entanglement bearings.

2. A low dust peanut picking combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two sides of the head of the upper screen body are respectively connected to the bottom ends of the two front swing arms, and the top ends of the front swing arms are connected to the frame; the two sides of the tail of the upper screen body are connected to the top ends of the two driving arms; the middle part of the driving arm is connected to the frame; The bottom ends of the two driving arms are rotatably connected to the two sides of the lower screen body respectively; the two sides of the rear part of the lower screen body are rotatably connected to the frame through two rear swing arms, and at least one of the driving arms is eccentrically rotatably connected to a flywheel through a rod; the driving arm is used to drive the upper screen body and the lower screen body to vibrate.

3. A low dust peanut picking combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front pick-driving device and the rear pick-driving device include a plurality of strip-shaped sawtooth plates arranged longitudinally along the upper screen body and a plurality of strip-shaped connecting plates arranged transversely along the upper screen body; the sawtooth structure is arranged on the top edge of the strip-shaped sawtooth plates; the strip-shaped connecting plates sequentially pass through each of the strip-shaped sawtooth plates, and the top edge thereof is bent toward the tail direction of the upper screen body to form a flow guide structure; In the front pickaxe, the spacing between adjacent strip-shaped connecting plates is 59-61 mm, and the spacing between adjacent strip-shaped serrated plates is 69-71 mm; In the rear picker, the spacing between adjacent strip-shaped connecting plates is 34-36 mm, and the spacing between adjacent strip-shaped serrated plates is 39-42 mm.

4. The low dust peanut picking combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the air outlet of the crossflow fan and the width of the air inlet of the first dust collecting and dust prevention device are the same as the width of the upper sieve body; the cross section of the air inlet of the first dust collecting and dust prevention device is parallel to the top plate plane of the upper sieve body; The air inlet of the second dust suction, grass collection and dust prevention device is the same width as the lower screen body; the cross-section of the air inlet of the second dust suction, grass collection and dust prevention device is parallel to the screen surface of the lower screen body, and the distance between the two is 8cm to 15cm.

5. The low dust peanut picking combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first dust collecting and grass suction device and the second dust collecting and grass suction device have the same structure, both of which include an axial flow air suction cylinder with an opening at the bottom and arranged vertically, a negative pressure crushing fan connected to the axial flow air suction cylinder at the bottom, a grass collecting device whose front is connected to the side of the negative pressure crushing fan through a shear flow air debris outlet cylinder, a water tank arranged on the top of the grass collecting device, and a dust removal box connected to the back of the grass collecting device through a plurality of air guide pipes; wherein: The fan housing of the negative pressure pulverizing fan is cylindrical and arranged vertically; a rotating shaft is coaxially arranged inside the fan housing, and a plurality of blades are arranged along the radial direction of the rotating shaft, and a pulverizing knife is arranged perpendicular to the windward surface of the blade, and the blade of the pulverizing knife is parallel to the windward surface; The axial flow air suction cylinder is a telescopic structure with adjustable vertical length, with a suction port provided at its bottom end and a top end connected to the bottom of the fan housing; The grass collecting device is a box-shaped structure, and the tangential air debris outlet cylinder connecting the grass collecting device and the fan housing is arranged along the tangent direction of the fan housing; an openable discharge plate is arranged at the bottom of the grass collecting device; The bottom plate and the top plate of the dust removal box are provided with a plurality of air outlets and dust exhaust ports; the top plate of the dust removal box is equipped with a plurality of atomizing nozzles with a spraying direction facing downward; the atomizing nozzles are connected to the water pump and the water tank in sequence through pipelines.

6. A low-dust peanut picking combine harvester according to claim 5, characterized in that: The axial flow air suction cylinder includes a fixed cylinder located at the top and a lifting cylinder located at the bottom; the bottom end of the fixed cylinder and the top end of the lifting cylinder are sleeved; the outer surface of the fixed cylinder is provided with a fixed ear plate, and the outer surface of the lifting cylinder is provided with a lifting ear plate opposite to the fixed ear plate; the fixed ear plate is connected to the lifting ear plate through an adjusting screw.

7. The low dust peanut picking combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting device comprises a frame-shaped lifting frame, a flat belt, and a plurality of buckets arranged on the flat belt; the opening of each bucket is circumferentially oriented toward the lifting frame; the flat belt is annular, and its outer surface is attached to the inner surface of the lifting frame, and the bucket is arranged on the inner surface of the flat belt; Conveying chains are arranged on both sides of the inner surface of the flat belt; a plurality of driven sprockets meshing with the conveying chains are arranged on the lifting frame, and the flat belt is pressed against the inner surface of the lifting frame through the driven sprockets; the conveying chain meshes with at least one tensioning wheel providing power; The bottom plate of the lifting frame is used to receive the peanut pods discharged from the discharge collection port of the positive and negative wind pressure combined wind screening device; the front and rear edges of the bottom plate are connected with fruit blocking plates; A fruit throwing device for receiving the pods dumped from the bucket is arranged below the top plate of the lifting frame; the fruit throwing device comprises a conveyor belt with one end located below the top plate and the other end located above the fruit collecting box, and side slide plates located on both sides of the conveyor belt and inclined toward the conveyor belt.

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