A ship collision prevention device for a bridge pier between a main channel and a secondary channel and a construction method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses an anti-collision device for bridge piers between a main channel and a secondary channel and a construction method thereof, comprising an anti-collision component, a slideway component, and an articulated rod. When the anti-collision component on one side is hit by a ship, the anti-collision component rotates, and the distal end of the articulated rod slides along the slideway in the slideway component, driving the other anti-collision component to rotate as well. The anti-collision component that is hit consumes part of the energy through the deformation of the buffer layer and other components, consumes another part of the energy through the relative movement with the water, and consumes another part of the energy by driving the other anti-collision component to deform and move in the water. The anti-collision device consumes energy by the linkage of two anti-collision components and utilizes the free resources in the environment. No matter whether the ship hits the bridge pier from the main channel side or the secondary channel side, it can effectively consume energy and change the direction of travel of the ship to ensure that the bridge pier is protected from collision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bridge engineering and river crossing engineering, and in particular to a ship collision prevention device for a bridge pier between a main channel and a secondary channel and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of economy, my country has built and planned to build a large number of cross-channel bridges. On the other hand, shipping has also developed rapidly. For water transportation, the construction of cross-channel bridges restricts the development of the shipping industry, and bridge ship collision is an important safety issue. The safety problem of ship collision of waterway bridges is manifested in the damage of bridges and ships, casualties, interruption of water traffic, environmental damage, social trust crisis, etc. Therefore, the bridge anti-collision safety problem is an issue that urgently needs to be solved.

[0003] Strengthening the resistance of bridge piers can reduce the damage caused by bridge-ship collision to a certain extent. However, relying solely on strengthening the resistance of bridge piers will increase the economic cost of bridge construction and cannot avoid or reduce the occurrence of bridge-ship collision accidents.

[0004] Traditional anti-collision devices can be divided into passive anti-collision devices and active anti-collision devices. Active anti-collision devices are mostly used for early warning after the ship deviates. Whether it is effective depends on whether the circuit system of the early warning device works normally, whether the early warning signal is received by the driver, and whether the driver drives properly; for out-of-control ships, active anti-collision devices cannot play a role. At present, passive anti-collision devices are widely used, which are mainly based on the principle of buffering and energy dissipation. The impact energy of the ship is absorbed by elastic materials, thereby reducing the impact force on the bridge piers. Because the kinetic energy of the ship is relatively large, a lot of elastic materials are needed to absorb this energy, making the cost of the anti-collision device relatively high. It is an efficient strategy to make the anti-collision device change the sailing direction of the ship.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an anti-collision device that can simultaneously change the direction of the impacting ship and effectively dissipate a large amount of energy without using special energy dissipating materials. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a ship collision prevention device for a bridge pier between a main channel and a secondary channel and a construction method thereof.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] This scheme proposes an anti-ship collision device for the bridge piers between the main channel and the secondary channel, including an anti-collision component, a slide component, and an articulated rod; the two anti-collision components are symmetrically installed on the downstream and upstream sides of the bridge pier, the slide component is along the central axis of the bridge, one end of the articulated rod is hinged to the anti-collision component, and the other end is hinged to the sliding part in the slide component; the lower part of the anti-collision component is located in the water; the anti-collision component includes a buffer plate, an anti-collision plate, and a support frame; the anti-collision plate is "C"-shaped, one end of which is hinged to and fixed to the anchor of the lower structure of the bridge through the support frame; the other end also has a support frame, which is connected to the articulated rod through the support frame.

[0009] Furthermore, the anti-collision plate is vertical, and the hinged end is located on the main channel side.

[0010] Furthermore, the surface of the anti-collision plate is a layer of skin; the interior of the anti-collision plate is a three-dimensional frame, including an inner frame piece, an outer frame piece, and an inner support rod connecting the two into one; the inner frame piece includes an inner cross bar and an inner vertical bar, and the outer frame piece includes an outer cross bar and an outer vertical bar.

[0011] Furthermore, the skin is a stainless steel plate, and the lower end surface and the surrounding area are sealed and waterproof to form a cavity.

[0012] Furthermore, the cavity is filled with water; the difference between the sum of the weight of the water and the weight of the anti-collision component and the buoyancy of the anti-collision component is less than one thousand Newtons.

[0013] Furthermore, in the vertical direction, there are two or more layers (including two layers) of support frames, slide components, and hinged rods.

[0014] Furthermore, the buffer plate is made of foamed aluminum.

[0015] Furthermore, the slide member includes a rod with a slide (referred to as a slide rod) and two struts, which are fixedly connected to a plate fixed to the lower structure of the bridge through the ends of the two struts; the sliding member can slide along the slide rod.

[0016] Furthermore, the slide rod comprises an H-shaped steel with a horizontally placed web, and a steel plate is welded below the H-shaped steel; a slideway is formed between the upper part of the web and the flanges on both sides, and the sliding member can slide in the slideway.

[0017] This scheme proposes a method for constructing a ship collision prevention device for a bridge pier between a main channel and a secondary channel. The construction includes the following steps:

[0018] Step 1. Add a transverse tie beam to the bridge substructure. Before pouring concrete, position the anchor plate of the slideway component and the hinge plate of the anti-collision component, and weld anchor steel bars on the back of the anchor plate and hinge plate. For the anchor plate and hinge plate that need to be installed in the existing substructure, the anchor steel bars on the back are straight threaded bars, which are fixed by drilling holes in the existing concrete;

[0019] Step 2. Make and install the slideway components. The center piece of the slideway rod is made of H-shaped steel, the web is placed horizontally, the bottom plate is welded to the bottom, and the baffles are welded on both sides of the top to enhance the rigidity, strength and stability of the slideway rod and form a slideway. Make the sliding parts and place them in the slideway. Weld the two struts of the slideway rod, and then weld the slideway components to the fixed plate;

[0020] Step 3. Bend the inner crossbar and outer crossbar of the anti-collision plate. The inner crossbar is welded to the inner vertical bar to form an inner frame piece; the outer crossbar is welded to the outer vertical bar to form an outer frame piece; the skin bottom panel of the anti-collision plate is placed on the production site, the inner frame piece and the outer frame piece are hoisted and vertically positioned, and the inner support rods connecting the two are welded to form a three-dimensional frame. Weld the support frames at both ends of the anti-collision plate. The skin bottom panel is welded to the bottom edge of the three-dimensional frame, and then the skin around the three-dimensional frame is welded. The skin is firmly connected to the inner frame piece and the outer frame piece. The skin forms a whole, and the welds between each piece are tight and impermeable. The skin forms a cavity inside the three-dimensional frame. Make a hinged rod connecting the anti-collision plate and the slide member.

[0021] Step 4. Hoist the anti-collision component onto the transport ship and transport it to the vicinity of the corresponding pedestal. Lift the anti-collision component in a vertical state and slowly put it into the water, and fill water into the internal cavity of the anti-collision plate until the end of the support frame hinged to the bridge substructure is just connected to the hinged plate, and install the pin. Install the hinged rod at the end of the other support frame. The ends of the hinged rods of the two anti-collision components are overlapped on the slide rod, and bolts are passed through to connect the bolt grooves on the sliding parts.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] 1. Through multi-stage energy dissipation, upstream and downstream linkage energy dissipation improves energy dissipation efficiency. The impacting ship first hits the foam aluminum buffer layer, consuming part of the energy; the impacted anti-collision plate deforms, consuming part of the energy; the water inside the impacted anti-collision plate sways, consuming part of the energy; the relative movement between the impacted anti-collision plate and the water in the external river consumes part of the energy; the sliding part is pushed by the hinged rod, driving the anti-collision component on the other side, which consumes part of the energy;

[0024] 2. It can deal with collisions from ships on the main channel side and collisions from ships on the secondary channel side. The "C"-shaped anti-collision plate can dissipate energy and correct the direction of the ship;

[0025] 3. The anti-collision device uses water to support the weight of the anti-collision component and consumes energy, making full use of the free resources in the environment, reducing the cost and improving the anti-collision efficiency.

[0026] 4. The anti-collision device allows the ship to have a longer travel after the collision, which increases the contact time, facilitates the consumption of more energy, and avoids the damage to the anti-collision device caused by the large impact force in the case of a short travel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the top view structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top view structure of the anti-collision component;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the inner frame piece of the anti-collision plate;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the fixing position of the present invention in the bridge substructure;

[0031] Figure 5 is a top view schematic diagram of a slideway component;

[0032] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the cross section of the slide bar passing through the bolt groove;

[0033] Figure 7 is a top view schematic diagram of a sliding member;

[0034] Figure 8 It is a partial side view schematic diagram of the two ends of the hinged rod.

[0035] In the figure: 1-ship, 2-main channel edge line, 3-secondary channel edge line, 4-anti-collision member, 5-cap, 6-pier, 7-upper transverse tie beam, 8-hinged rod, 9-slideway member, 10-buffer plate, 11-outer cross bar, 12-inner cross bar, 13-skin, 14-inner support rod, 15-outer vertical rod, 16-inner vertical rod, 17-first support rod at the end, 18-second support rod at the end, 19-first connecting plate, 20-first pin hole, 21-first support rod at the bend, 22-second support rod at the bend Rod, 23-second connecting plate, 24-second pin hole, 25-first upper connecting area, 26-second upper connecting area, 27-first lower connecting area, 28-second lower connecting area, 30-pile foundation, 31-hinge plate, 32-lower cross beam, 34-fixed plate, 36-first support rod of slide, 37-second support rod of slide, 38-slide rod, 41-center piece, 42-bottom plate, 43-baffle, 44-sliding piece, 45-bolt groove, 47-third pin hole, 48-fourth pin hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] Reference Figure 1 , a ship 1 deviated from the navigation, traveled between the main channel edge line 2 and the secondary channel edge line 3, and collided with the pier 6. In order to prevent the ship 1 from directly colliding with the pier 6, or to appropriately reduce the impact force, the solution in this embodiment is proposed. The anti-ship collision device mainly includes an anti-collision component 4, a slideway component 9, and a hinged rod 8; the anti-collision component 4 on the downstream side of the pier and the anti-collision component 4 on the upstream side are symmetrical in structure, the slideway component 9 is along the central axis of the bridge, one end of the hinged rod 8 is hinged to the anti-collision component 4, and the other end is hinged to the sliding member 44 in the slideway component 9, see Figure 5 and Figure 6 .

[0039] Figure 2 The anti-collision component 4 near the ship 1 is shown. From the overall point of view, the anti-collision component 4 includes a buffer plate 10 located at the outer side where it is easily hit by the ship 1, an end support frame including a first end strut 17 and a second end strut 18 at the left end, a bend support frame including a first bend strut 21 and a second bend strut 22 at the right end, and the remaining middle part is the anti-collision plate. The anti-collision plate is the main part of the anti-collision component 4 and is in a "C" shape. The end support frame has a first connecting plate 19 and a first pin hole 20, and the bend support frame has a second connecting plate 23 and a second pin hole 24. The anti-collision plate is vertical. The surface of the anti-collision plate is a layer of skin 13, and the skin 13 is a stainless steel plate; the lower end face and the surrounding of the anti-collision plate are sealed and impermeable to form a cavity. The interior of the anti-collision plate is a three-dimensional frame, including an inner frame piece, an outer frame piece, and an inner support rod 14 connecting the two into one; the inner frame piece includes an inner cross bar 12 and an inner vertical bar 16, and the outer frame piece includes an outer cross bar 11 and an outer vertical bar 15.

[0040] Figure 3 and Figure 4 It is shown that the inner cross bar 12 of the inner frame sheet is closer to the skin 13 than the inner vertical bar 16. In the vertical direction, the anti-collision member 4 has two layers of support frames, a slide member 9, and a hinged rod 8. The upper curved support frame is connected to the anti-collision plate at the first upper connection area 25, and the upper end support frame is connected to the anti-collision plate at the second upper connection area 26; the lower curved support frame is connected to the anti-collision plate at the first lower connection area 27, and the lower end support frame is connected to the anti-collision plate at the second lower connection area 28. There is a pile foundation 30 under the pedestal 5, and a lower transverse tie beam 32 is between the two pedestals 5; the two piers 6 have an upper transverse tie beam 7. Each pedestal 5 is close to the main channel side and the upper transverse tie beam 7 is close to the two end sides, and there is a hinged plate 31 that is hinged to the end support frame of the corresponding anti-collision member 4. The upper transverse tie beam 7 and the lower transverse tie beam 32 are close to the side of the secondary channel side, and there are fixing plates 34.

[0041] Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7The slide member 9 is shown. The slide member 9 includes a slide rod 38, a first slide support rod 36, and a second slide support rod 37. One end of the two support rods is welded to the slide rod 38, and the other end is welded to the corresponding fixing plate 34. The slide rod 38 includes a center piece 41, a bottom plate 42, and a baffle 43, and the connection between them is welded. The center piece 41 is made of H-shaped steel, and the upper space of the H-shaped steel forms a slideway, and the sliding member 44 is placed in the slideway. There is a bolt groove 45 in the middle of the sliding member 44.

[0042] Figure 8 The hinge rod 8 is shown to be an H-shaped steel, with the web placed horizontally, and the ends are respectively the third pin hole 47 and the fourth pin hole 48. The two additional steel plates at the third pin hole 47 are welded to the ends of the H-shaped steel web, and exceed the H-shaped steel web along the longitudinal length of the hinge rod 8; the two additional steel plates at the fourth pin hole 48 are welded to the upper and lower sides of the H-shaped steel web, and are respectively superimposed on the H-shaped steel web from the bottom and the top, and the ends are flush. After the fourth pin holes 48 extending from the two hinge rods 8 to the sliding member 44 are superimposed, bolts are inserted from the top, and the bolts are screwed into the bolt grooves 45.

[0043] The construction of the anti-ship collision device includes the following steps:

[0044] Step 1. Add a lower transverse tie beam 32 and an upper transverse tie beam 7 to the bridge substructure. Before pouring concrete, position the anchor plate 34 of the slideway member 9 and the hinge plate 31 of the anti-collision member 4, and weld anchor steel bars on the back of the anchor plate 34 and the hinge plate 31. The hinge plate 31 to be fixed on the pedestal 5 has a straight threaded steel bar on its back, which is fixed by drilling holes on the existing pedestal 5 and planting steel bars;

[0045] Step 2. Make and install the slideway member 9. The center piece 41 of the slideway rod 38 is made of H-shaped steel, the web is placed horizontally, the bottom plate 42 is welded at the bottom, and the baffles 43 are welded on both sides of the top to enhance the rigidity, strength and stability of the slideway rod 38 and form a slideway. Make a sliding member 44 and place it in the slideway. Weld the two support rods of the slideway rod 38, and then weld the slideway member 9 to the fixed plate 34;

[0046] Step 3. Bend the inner crossbar 12 and outer crossbar 11 of the anti-collision plate. The inner crossbar 12 is welded with the inner vertical bar 16 to form an inner frame piece; the outer crossbar 11 is welded with the outer vertical bar 15 to form an outer frame piece; the bottom panel of the skin 13 of the anti-collision plate is placed on the production site, the inner frame piece and the outer frame piece are hoisted and vertically positioned, and the inner support rod 14 connecting the two is welded to form a three-dimensional frame. Weld the support frames at both ends of the anti-collision plate. The bottom panel of the skin 13 is welded to the bottom edge of the three-dimensional frame, and then the skin 13 around the three-dimensional frame is welded, and the skin 13 is firmly connected to the inner frame piece and the outer frame piece. The skin 13 forms a whole, and the welds between each piece are tight and impermeable. The skin 13 forms a cavity inside the three-dimensional frame. Make a hinged rod 8 connecting the anti-collision plate and the slide member 9.

[0047] Step 4. Hoist the anti-collision member 4 onto the transport ship and transport it to the vicinity of the corresponding pedestal 5. Hoist the anti-collision member 4 in a vertical state and slowly put it into the water, and fill water into the internal cavity of the anti-collision plate until the first connecting plate 19 at the end of the support frame hinged to the bridge substructure is just connected to the hinge plate 31, and install the pin. Install the hinge rod 8 at the other end of the support frame. The ends of the hinge rods 8 of the two anti-collision members 4 are overlapped on the slide rod 38, and bolts are passed through to connect the bolt groove 45 on the sliding member 44.

Claims

1. A ship collision prevention device for a bridge pier between a main channel and a secondary channel, characterized in that: It includes an anti-collision component, a slide component, and an articulated rod; the two anti-collision components are symmetrically installed on the downstream and upstream sides of the pier, the slide component is along the central axis of the bridge, one end of the articulated rod is hinged to the anti-collision component, and the other end is hinged to the sliding member in the slide component; the lower part of the anti-collision component is located in the water; the anti-collision component includes a buffer plate, an anti-collision plate, and a support frame; the anti-collision plate is in a "C" shape, one end of which is hinged to and fixed to the anchor of the lower structure of the bridge through the support frame; the other end also has a support frame, which is connected to the articulated rod through the support frame; the surface of the anti-collision plate is a layer of skin; the interior of the anti-collision plate is a three-dimensional frame, including an inner frame piece, an outer frame piece, and an inner support rod that connects the two into one; the inner frame piece includes an inner cross bar and an inner The vertical rod, the outer frame sheet includes an outer cross rod and an outer vertical rod; the skin is a stainless steel plate, the lower end face and the surrounding are sealed and impermeable to form a cavity; the cavity is filled with water; the sum of the weight of this part of water and the weight of the anti-collision component, and the buoyancy of the anti-collision component, the difference between the two is less than one thousand Newtons; the slide component includes a rod with a slide and two struts, which are fixedly connected to the plate fixed to the lower structure of the bridge through the ends of the two struts; the rod with a slide is referred to as a slide rod, and the sliding member can slide along the slide rod; the slide rod includes an H-shaped steel with a horizontally placed web, and a steel plate is welded underneath the H-shaped steel; a slide is formed between the upper part of the web and the two side flanges, and the sliding member can slide in the slide.

2. The ship collision prevention device for the bridge pier between the main channel and the secondary channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-collision plate is vertical, and the hinged end is located at the main channel side.

3. The ship collision prevention device for the bridge pier between the main channel and the secondary channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the vertical direction, there are two or more layers of support frames, slide members, and hinged rods.

4. The ship collision prevention device for the bridge pier between the main channel and the secondary channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the buffer plate is foamed aluminum.

5. A method for constructing a ship collision prevention device for a bridge pier between a main channel and a secondary channel, characterized in that: The construction includes the following steps Step 1. Add a transverse tie beam to the bridge substructure. Before pouring concrete, locate the anchor plate of the slideway component and the hinge plate of the anti-collision component. Weld anchor steel bars on the back of the anchor plate and the hinge plate. For the anchor plate and the hinge plate that need to be installed in the existing substructure, the anchor steel bars on the back are straight threaded bars, which are fixed by drilling holes in the existing concrete and planting steel bars; Step 2. Make and install the slideway components. The center piece of the slideway rod is made of H-shaped steel. The web is placed horizontally, the bottom plate is welded at the bottom, and the baffles are welded on both sides of the top to enhance the rigidity, strength and stability of the slideway rod and form a slideway. Make a sliding part and place it in the slideway. Weld the two struts of the slideway rod, and then weld the slideway components to the fixed plate. Step 3. Bend the inner crossbar and outer crossbar of the anti-collision plate, weld the inner crossbar and the inner vertical bar to form an inner frame piece; weld the outer crossbar and the outer vertical bar to form an outer frame piece; place the skin bottom panel of the anti-collision plate on the production site, hoist and vertically position the inner frame piece and the outer frame piece, weld the inner support rods connecting the two to form a three-dimensional frame, weld the support frames at both ends of the anti-collision plate, weld the skin bottom panel to the bottom edge of the three-dimensional frame, and then weld the skin around the three-dimensional frame. The skin is firmly connected to the inner frame piece and the outer frame piece. The skin forms a whole, and the welds between the pieces are tight and waterproof. The skin forms a cavity inside the three-dimensional frame, and a hinged rod connecting the anti-collision plate and the slide member is made. Step 4. Hoist the anti-collision component onto the transport ship and transport it to the vicinity of the corresponding pedestal. Lift the anti-collision component in a vertical state and slowly lower it into the water. Pour water into the internal cavity of the anti-collision plate until the end of the support frame hinged to the lower structure of the bridge is just butted against the hinged plate. Install the pin, and install the hinged rod at the other end of the support frame. The ends of the hinged rods of the two anti-collision components are overlapped on the slide rod, penetrated with bolts, and connected to the bolt grooves on the sliding parts.

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