A layout structure of a ventilation tunnel and a traffic tunnel for a hydropower station underground powerhouse applicable to TBM construction

Abstract

The present invention discloses an arrangement structure of a ventilation tunnel and a traffic tunnel for a hydropower station underground powerhouse applicable to TBM construction. The ventilation tunnel and the traffic tunnel are constructed by TBM disassembly and assembly once. The cross-section type is circular. The ventilation tunnel entrance and the traffic tunnel entrance are arranged adjacent to each other. The minimum thickness of the rock mass between the ventilation tunnel entrance and the traffic tunnel entrance is not less than the excavation diameter of the entrance. The tail ends of the ventilation tunnel and the traffic tunnel are respectively located at the left and right end walls of the underground powerhouse. The tunnel between the tail ends of the ventilation tunnel and the traffic tunnel is a construction connection tunnel, and the construction connection tunnel is the construction passage of the underground powerhouse. The main transformer chamber and the tail gate chamber arranged in sequence with the underground powerhouse are enclosed inside the curve formed by the alignment of the ventilation tunnel and the traffic tunnel. It meets the requirement that the two tunnels can be centrally operated and managed during the operation period of the hydropower station, ensures that the TBM can complete the excavation of the two tunnels by disassembly and assembly once on the same site during the construction period, achieves the purpose of shortening the reasonable construction period of the hydropower station underground powerhouse, improving the construction safety of the tunnel, and reducing the damage of the project construction to the natural environment and the health of personnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to hydraulic structures, in particular to an arrangement structure of a ventilation tunnel and a traffic tunnel for a hydropower station underground powerhouse suitable for TBM construction, which is convenient for the centralized management of the ventilation tunnel and the traffic tunnel entrances by the construction unit. Background Art

[0002] The ventilation tunnel and the traffic tunnel of an underground powerhouse are its main external ventilation and traffic channels. The traditional ventilation tunnel and traffic tunnel have a large single - hole cross - section and a short length (the single - hole length is generally not more than 2000m), and the drill - and - blast method is the construction method with the best technical economy. However, with the research and application of TBM equipment in recent years, in order to give full play to the advantages of TBM's long - distance, continuous and fast construction in hydropower station construction, the positions of the traffic tunnel and ventilation tunnel entrances are usually designed to be far apart to meet the needs of TBM construction. This has caused problems such as an increase in construction auxiliary facilities during the construction period, an enlarged impact range on the natural environment, and inconvenient management of the two tunnel entrances during the operation period of the power station.

[0003] In summary, for the existing ventilation tunnel and traffic tunnel of a hydropower station underground powerhouse to be suitable for TBM construction, the ventilation tunnel and the traffic tunnel can only be arranged in a decentralized manner. However, there are the following problems: 1. During the construction period, it is necessary to level two different construction sites, which causes a large range of damage to the natural environment and a large area for later restoration. 2. During the construction process, it is necessary to set up construction auxiliary systems such as construction roads, construction water supply, construction power supply, and construction air supply systems for the two entrances respectively. 3. It is necessary to set up waste liquid and waste residue treatment systems near the two entrances respectively, or it is necessary to stop work midway to transfer, disassemble and assemble the waste liquid and waste residue treatment systems. 4. During the construction process, as the TBM tunneling length increases, personnel, materials, auxiliary machinery, and living and working facilities must be transferred. 5. During the operation period of the hydropower station, the two tunnel entrances need to be managed independently and dispersedly, with relatively more safety control risk points and relatively greater difficulty in on - site inspection and management. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an arrangement structure of a ventilation tunnel and a traffic tunnel for a hydropower station underground powerhouse suitable for TBM construction, which can meet the centralized operation management of the two tunnels during the operation period of the hydropower station, and does not increase the length of the tunnel too much (the single - hole length does not exceed 2000m), ensuring that the TBM can complete the excavation of the two tunnels by one disassembly and assembly on the same site during the construction period, achieving the purpose of shortening the reasonable construction period of the hydropower station underground powerhouse, improving the construction safety of the tunnel, and reducing the damage of the project construction to the natural environment and human health.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A layout structure of a ventilation tunnel and a traffic tunnel for a hydropower station underground powerhouse applicable to TBM construction. The ventilation tunnel and the traffic tunnel are constructed by TBM in one disassembly and assembly operation. The cross-sectional type is circular, the longitudinal slope of the tunnel does not exceed 10%, the ventilation tunnel entrance and the traffic tunnel entrance are arranged adjacent to each other, and the minimum thickness of the rock mass between the ventilation tunnel entrance and the traffic tunnel entrance is not less than the excavation diameter of the entrance. The tail ends of the ventilation tunnel and the traffic tunnel are respectively located at the left and right end walls of the underground powerhouse, and the elevation is determined according to the ventilation and traffic requirements of the hydropower station underground powerhouse. The tunnel between the tail ends of the ventilation tunnel and the traffic tunnel is a construction connection tunnel, which is the construction passage of the underground powerhouse, and the main transformer chamber and the tail gate chamber arranged in sequence with the underground powerhouse are enclosed inside the curve formed by the alignment of the ventilation tunnel and the traffic tunnel.

[0006] The ventilation tunnel entrance and the traffic tunnel entrance are arranged adjacent to each other in parallel, and the designed elevations are the same.

[0007] For the traffic tunnel section, precast road surface invert blocks or cast-in-place concrete are set after TBM construction to form the road surface. For the ventilation tunnel section, there are no special requirements during the operation period, and the circular cross-section formed by TBM excavation is adopted. For the traffic tunnel section with traffic requirements during the operation period, the maximum longitudinal slope does not exceed 8%.

[0008] The ventilation tunnel includes a ventilation tunnel entrance, a sloping section of the ventilation tunnel body, a turning section of the ventilation tunnel body, a horizontal section of the ventilation tunnel body, an arc section of the ventilation tunnel body, and a tail end of the ventilation tunnel. The sloping section of the ventilation tunnel body and the turning section of the ventilation tunnel body are in a group, or multiple groups are connected in sequence through same-direction and / or reverse turns. The ventilation tunnel slopes downwards from the ventilation tunnel entrance along the direction of entering the tunnel. After passing through the sloping section of the ventilation tunnel body and its last turning section of the ventilation tunnel body, the elevation at the entrance of the horizontal section of the ventilation tunnel body drops to the same as the designed elevation of the ventilation tunnel of the underground powerhouse. The entrance of the horizontal section of the ventilation tunnel body is located outside the intersection of the vertical extension line passing through the tail end of the traffic tunnel and the tunnel axis of the horizontal section of the ventilation tunnel body; the tunnel axis of the horizontal section of the ventilation tunnel body is parallel to the chamber axis of the tailrace gate, and the distance between the adjacent side walls of the horizontal section of the ventilation tunnel body and the tail gate chamber is not less than the excavation diameter of the ventilation tunnel. The chord length of the arc section of the ventilation tunnel body is greater than the horizontal distance between the underground powerhouse and the tailrace gate; the traffic tunnel includes a traffic tunnel entrance, a sloping section of the traffic tunnel body, a turning section of the traffic tunnel body, a horizontal section of the traffic tunnel body, and a tail end of the traffic tunnel. The sloping section of the traffic tunnel body and the turning section of the ventilation tunnel body are in a group, or multiple groups are connected in sequence through same-direction and / or reverse turns. Along the direction of entering the traffic tunnel, it slopes downwards from the traffic tunnel entrance. After passing through the sloping section of the traffic tunnel body and its last turning section of the traffic tunnel body, the elevation at the entrance of the horizontal section of the traffic tunnel body drops to the same as the designed elevation of the installation yard of the underground powerhouse.

[0009] The tunnel axis of the construction connection tunnel is parallel to or coincides with the chamber axis of the underground powerhouse. When the tunnel axis of the construction connection tunnel is within the structure of the underground powerhouse, the longitudinal slope of the construction connection tunnel is controlled by the end of the ventilation tunnel, the end of the access tunnel, and the designed length of the underground powerhouse. When the tunnel axis of the construction connection tunnel is outside the chamber structure of the underground powerhouse, the longitudinal slope is determined according to the requirement of facilitating drainage by adjusting the turning radius of the circular arc section of the ventilation tunnel, and the construction connection tunnel replaces the section of the upper drainage gallery of the underground powerhouse passing through this area by adjusting the turning radius of the circular arc section of the ventilation tunnel.

[0010] The minimum turning radius of the turning section of the ventilation tunnel and the turning section of the access tunnel is not less than 70m, and the circular arc radius of the circular arc section of the ventilation tunnel is not less than 70m.

[0011] The horizontal section of the ventilation tunnel, the circular arc section of the ventilation tunnel, the construction connection tunnel, and the horizontal section of the access tunnel are arranged in a horizontal "U" shape on the plane.

[0012] Certainly, the positions of the access tunnel and the ventilation tunnel can also be interchanged. The access tunnel includes the access tunnel entrance, the ramp section of the access tunnel body, the turning section of the access tunnel body, the horizontal section of the access tunnel body, the circular arc section of the access tunnel body, and the end of the access tunnel. The ramp section of the access tunnel body and the turning section of the access tunnel body are in a group, or multiple groups are connected in sequence through same-direction and / or reverse turns. The access tunnel slopes down from the access tunnel entrance along the tunnel entrance direction. After passing through the ramp section of the access tunnel body and its last turning section of the access tunnel body, the elevation at the entrance of the horizontal section of the access tunnel body drops to the same as the designed elevation of the installation yard of the underground powerhouse. The entrance of the horizontal section of the access tunnel body is located outside the intersection of the vertical extension line passing through the end of the access tunnel and the tunnel axis of the horizontal section of the access tunnel body. The tunnel axis of the horizontal section of the access tunnel body is parallel to the chamber axis of the tailrace gate, and the distance between the adjacent sidewalls of the tailrace chamber is not less than the excavation diameter of the access tunnel. The chord length of the circular arc section of the access tunnel body is greater than the horizontal distance between the underground powerhouse and the tailrace gate. The ventilation tunnel includes the ventilation tunnel entrance, the ramp section of the ventilation tunnel body, the turning section of the ventilation tunnel body, the horizontal section of the ventilation tunnel body, and the end of the ventilation tunnel. The ramp section of the ventilation tunnel body and the turning section of the ventilation tunnel body are in a group, or multiple groups are connected in sequence through same-direction and / or reverse turns. Along the tunnel entrance direction of the ventilation tunnel, it slopes down from the ventilation tunnel entrance. After passing through the ramp section of the ventilation tunnel body and its last turning section of the ventilation tunnel body, the elevation at the entrance of the horizontal section of the ventilation tunnel body drops to the same as the designed elevation of the ventilation tunnel of the underground powerhouse.

[0013] The tunnel axis of the construction connection tunnel is parallel to or coincides with the chamber axis of the underground powerhouse; when the tunnel axis of the construction connection tunnel is within the structure of the underground powerhouse, the longitudinal slope of the construction connection tunnel is controlled by the end of the ventilation tunnel, the end of the traffic tunnel, and the designed length of the underground powerhouse; when the tunnel axis of the construction connection tunnel is outside the chamber structure of the underground powerhouse, the longitudinal slope is determined according to the requirement of facilitating drainage by adjusting the turning radius of the circular arc section of the traffic tunnel body, and the construction connection tunnel replaces the tunnel section passing through here of the upper drainage gallery of the underground powerhouse by adjusting the turning radius of the circular arc section of the traffic tunnel body; the minimum turning radius of the turning section of the ventilation tunnel body and the turning section of the traffic tunnel body is not less than 70 m, and the circular arc radius of the circular arc section of the traffic tunnel body is not less than 70 m; the horizontal section of the traffic tunnel body, the circular arc section of the traffic tunnel body, the construction connection tunnel, and the horizontal section of the ventilation tunnel body are arranged in a horizontal "U" shape on the plane.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: it meets the requirements of TBM excavation construction; during the operation period, it is convenient for the hydropower station to conduct safe operation management of the ventilation tunnel and the traffic tunnel, reducing the safety management risk points; during the construction period, the TBM can complete the excavation of two tunnels by disassembling and assembling once on the same site, shortening the reasonable construction period of the underground powerhouse of the hydropower station, improving the construction safety of the tunnel, and reducing the damage to the natural environment and the health of personnel during the excavation construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic layout diagram of the ventilation tunnel and the traffic tunnel of the underground powerhouse of the hydropower station applicable to TBM construction according to the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a typical layout type of the ventilation tunnel and the traffic tunnel of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the ventilation tunnel and the traffic tunnel of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0018] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0019] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top / bottom end", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "provided with", "sheathed / connected", "connection", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0021] As Figures 1-3 shown, the layout structure of the ventilation tunnel and traffic tunnel of the underground power house applicable to TBM construction of the present invention. The ventilation tunnel 2 and the traffic tunnel 3 are constructed by TBM in one disassembly and assembly. The cross-sectional type is circular, and the longitudinal slope of the tunnel does not exceed 10%. The ventilation tunnel entrance 2-1 and the traffic tunnel entrance 3-1 are arranged adjacent to each other. The minimum thickness of the rock mass between the ventilation tunnel entrance 2-1 and the traffic tunnel entrance 3-1 is not less than the excavation diameter of the entrance. The end 2-2 of the ventilation tunnel and the end 3-2 of the traffic tunnel are respectively located at the left and right end walls of the underground power house 1. The elevation is determined according to the ventilation and traffic requirements of the underground power house of the hydropower station. The tunnel between the end 2-2 of the ventilation tunnel and the end 3-2 of the traffic tunnel is the construction connection tunnel 4. The construction connection tunnel 4 is the construction passage of the underground power house 1. The main transformer chamber 5 and the tail gate chamber 6 arranged in sequence with the underground power house 1 are surrounded inside the curve formed by the orientations of the ventilation tunnel 2 and the traffic tunnel 3.

[0022] The ventilation tunnel entrance 2-1 and the traffic tunnel entrance 3-1 are arranged adjacent to each other in parallel, and the designed elevations are the same.

[0023] For the traffic tunnel 3 section, precast road surface invert blocks or cast-in-place concrete are provided to form the road surface after TBM construction. For the ventilation tunnel 2 section, the circular cross-section formed by TBM excavation has no special requirements during the operation period. For the sections of the traffic tunnel 3 with traffic requirements during the operation period, the maximum longitudinal slope does not exceed 8%.

[0024] The ventilation tunnel 2 includes a ventilation tunnel entrance 2-1, a sloping section 2-3 of the ventilation tunnel body, a turning section 2-4 of the ventilation tunnel body, a horizontal section 2-5 of the ventilation tunnel body, an arc section 2-6 of the ventilation tunnel body, and a tail end 2-2 of the ventilation tunnel. The sloping section 2-3 of the ventilation tunnel body and the turning section 2-4 of the ventilation tunnel body form a group, or multiple groups are sequentially connected through same-direction and / or reverse turns. The ventilation tunnel 2 slopes downwards along the tunnel entrance direction starting from the ventilation tunnel entrance 2-1. After passing through the sloping section 2-3 of the ventilation tunnel body and its last turning section 2-4 of the ventilation tunnel body, the elevation at the entrance of the horizontal section 2-5 of the ventilation tunnel body drops to the same as the designed elevation of the ventilation tunnel of the underground power house. The entrance of the horizontal section 2-5 of the ventilation tunnel body is located outside the intersection point of the vertical extension line passing through the tail end 3-2 of the access tunnel and the tunnel axis of the horizontal section of the ventilation tunnel body. The tunnel axis of the horizontal section 2-5 of the ventilation tunnel body is parallel to the chamber axis of the tailrace gate 6, and the distance between the adjacent side walls of the tailrace chamber 6 is not less than the excavation diameter of the ventilation tunnel 2. The chord length of the arc section 2-6 of the ventilation tunnel body is greater than the horizontal distance between the underground power house 1 and the tailrace gate 6. The access tunnel 3 includes an access tunnel entrance 3-1, a sloping section 3-2 of the access tunnel body, a turning section 3-4 of the access tunnel body, a horizontal section 3-5 of the access tunnel body, and a tail end 3-2 of the access tunnel. The sloping section 3-3 of the access tunnel body and the turning section 3-4 of the ventilation tunnel body form a group, or multiple groups are sequentially connected through same-direction and / or reverse turns. It slopes downwards along the access tunnel entrance direction starting from the access tunnel entrance 3-1. After passing through the sloping section 3-2 of the access tunnel body and its last turning section 3-4 of the access tunnel body, the elevation at the entrance of the horizontal section 3-5 of the access tunnel body drops to the same as the designed elevation of the installation yard of the underground power house 1.

[0025] The tunnel axis of the construction connection tunnel 4 is parallel or coincident with the chamber axis of the underground power house 1. When the tunnel axis of the construction connection tunnel 4 is within the structure of the underground power house 1, the longitudinal slope of the construction connection tunnel 4 is controlled by the tail end 2-2 of the ventilation tunnel, the tail end 3-2 of the access tunnel, and the designed length of the underground power house 1. When the tunnel axis of the construction connection tunnel 4 is outside the chamber structure of the underground power house 1, the longitudinal slope is determined according to the requirement of facilitating drainage by adjusting the turning radius of the arc section 2-6 of the ventilation tunnel body, and the construction connection tunnel 4 replaces the tunnel section of the upper drainage gallery of the underground power house passing through here by adjusting the turning radius of the arc section 2-6 of the ventilation tunnel body.

[0026] The minimum turning radius of both the turning section 2-4 of the ventilation tunnel body and the turning section 3-4 of the access tunnel body is not less than 70 m, and the arc radius of the arc section 2-6 of the ventilation tunnel body is not less than 70 m.

[0027] The horizontal section 2-5 of the ventilation tunnel body, the arc section 2-6 of the ventilation tunnel body, the construction connection tunnel 4, and the horizontal section 3-5 of the access tunnel body are arranged in a horizontal "U" shape in the plane.

[0028] Of course, the positions of the traffic tunnel and the ventilation tunnel can also be interchanged. The traffic tunnel includes a traffic tunnel entrance, a sloping section of the traffic tunnel body, a turning section of the traffic tunnel body, a horizontal section of the traffic tunnel body, an arc section of the traffic tunnel body and a tail end of the traffic tunnel. The ventilation tunnel includes a ventilation tunnel entrance, a sloping section of the ventilation tunnel body, a turning section of the ventilation tunnel body, a horizontal section of the ventilation tunnel body and a tail end of the ventilation tunnel.

[0029] The following are the specific instructions:

[0030] The underground power generation system of a hydropower station includes an underground powerhouse 1, a main transformer room 5, and a tail gate room 6 arranged in sequence; the ventilation tunnel 2 includes a ventilation tunnel inlet 2-1, a ventilation tunnel tail end 2-2, a ventilation tunnel body section 2-3, a ventilation tunnel body section turning section 2-4, a ventilation tunnel body horizontal section 2-5, and a ventilation tunnel body arc section 2-6; the traffic tunnel 3 includes a traffic tunnel entrance 3-1, a traffic tunnel tail end 3-2, a traffic tunnel body slope section 3-3, a traffic tunnel body turning section 3-4, and a traffic tunnel body horizontal section 3-5; the construction connection tunnel 4, the ventilation tunnel and the traffic tunnel have typical cross-sectional types 7.

[0031] The cross-section of the ventilation tunnel 2, traffic tunnel 3 and construction connection tunnel 4 is circular, and the cross-section diameter is determined according to the ventilation and transportation requirements of the hydropower station, generally 6 to 11 meters. The whole tunnel section can be constructed by disassembling and assembling the TBM once, and the TBM starting tunnel can be flexibly selected according to actual needs; the traffic tunnel 3 can be equipped with prefabricated pavement invert blocks or cast on-site concrete to form a pavement after the TBM construction is completed to meet the traffic needs of the hydropower station during operation; if there is no special requirement for the ventilation tunnel 2 during operation, the circular section formed by TBM excavation can be used.

[0032] The underground plant ventilation tunnel entrance 2-1 and traffic tunnel entrance 3-1 are arranged in parallel and have the same design elevation. Therefore, when the ventilation tunnel 2, traffic tunnel 3 and construction connection tunnel 4 are constructed, the TBM enters and exits the tunnel at the same location. The same construction site in front of the tunnel entrance can be used for installation and disassembly of TBM equipment, avoiding disassembly of the TBM in the tunnel or at a different location, reducing auxiliary construction facilities, and is conducive to speeding up the construction progress and improving the construction economy.

[0033] The ventilation tunnel section 2-3 and the traffic tunnel slope section 3-3 can be set with multiple sections of same-direction or reverse curves according to the terrain and geological conditions of different hydropower stations and construction needs. If possible, the curve radius is most appropriately set to 200-300m, but the minimum must not be less than the minimum working radius of the TBM, which is generally not less than 70m; the maximum longitudinal slope of the traffic tunnel slope section 3-3 tunnel generally does not exceed 8%.

[0034] The horizontal section 2-5 of the ventilation tunnel body, the circular arc section 2-6 of the ventilation tunnel body, the construction connection tunnel 4, and the horizontal section 3-5 of the traffic tunnel body are arranged in a horizontal "U" shape around the main buildings of the underground power generation system of the hydropower station. The semi-enclosed structure of the horizontal "U" shape arrangement can be determined according to the layout of the underground powerhouse 1, the main transformer chamber 5, and the tailrace surge chamber 6; the turning radius of the circular arc section 2-6 of the ventilation tunnel body is mainly determined by the horizontal distance between the underground powerhouse 1, the main transformer chamber 5, and the tailrace surge chamber 6, generally not less than 70m; at the same time, some tunnel sections in the horizontal "U" shape arrangement structure can also be combined with the upper drainage galleries of the underground powerhouse around the underground powerhouse 1, the main transformer chamber 5, and the tailrace surge chamber 6 respectively, so as to make multi-purpose use of one tunnel.

[0035] The ventilation tunnel 2 slopes down along the inlet direction starting from the ventilation tunnel inlet 2-1, passing through the tunnel section 2-3 of the ventilation tunnel body, the turning section 2-4 of the ventilation tunnel body, the horizontal section 2-5 of the ventilation tunnel body, and the circular arc section 2-6 of the ventilation tunnel body until it reaches the same elevation as the ventilation tunnel end 2-2. The elevation of the ventilation tunnel end 2-2 is determined by the ventilation design of the underground powerhouse; the tunnel axis of the horizontal section 2-5 of the ventilation tunnel body is parallel to the chamber axis of the tailrace surge chamber 6, and the distance between the adjacent tunnel walls of the ventilation tunnel and the tailrace surge chamber 6 is not less than the excavation diameter of the ventilation tunnel; the inlet of the horizontal section 2-5 of the ventilation tunnel body is located outside the plane intersection point of the vertical line passing through the traffic tunnel end 3-2 and the tunnel axis of the horizontal section 2-5 of the ventilation tunnel; the maximum longitudinal slope of the horizontal section 2-5 of the ventilation tunnel body and the circular arc section 2-6 of the ventilation tunnel body does not exceed 2%.

[0036] The tunnel axis of the construction connection section 4 can be parallel or coincident with the chamber axis of the underground powerhouse 1; when the axis of the construction connection tunnel 4 is within the structure range of the underground powerhouse 1, the designed longitudinal slope is controlled by the ventilation tunnel end 2-2, the traffic tunnel end 3-2, and the designed length of the underground powerhouse 1 (generally not exceeding 10%), and this is used as the condition for determining the TBM technical parameters; when the tunnel axis of the construction connection tunnel 4 is outside the structure range of the underground powerhouse 1, generally, by adjusting the turning radius of the circular arc section 2-6 of the ventilation tunnel body, the tunnel axis of the construction connection tunnel 4 is made parallel to the chamber axis of the underground powerhouse 1, and the distance between the adjacent tunnel walls of the ventilation tunnel and the underground powerhouse 1 is not less than the excavation diameter of the ventilation tunnel.

[0037] The traffic tunnel 3 slopes down along the inlet direction starting from the traffic tunnel entrance 3-1, passing through the ramp section 3-3 of the traffic tunnel body, the turning section 3-4 of the traffic tunnel body, and the horizontal section 3-5 of the traffic tunnel body until it reaches the same elevation as the installation yard design elevation of the underground powerhouse 1; the distance from the inlet of the horizontal section 3-5 of the traffic tunnel body to the traffic tunnel end 3-2 is not less than 20m; during the operation period of the traffic tunnel 3, due to traffic needs, the maximum longitudinal slope should not exceed 8%, and the maximum longitudinal slope of the horizontal section of the traffic tunnel body does not exceed 2%.

[0038] The embodiments described above are only used to illustrate the technical ideas and features of the present invention. The purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. The patent scope of the present invention cannot be limited only by these embodiments. That is, any equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit disclosed by the present invention still fall within the patent scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A layout structure of a ventilation tunnel and a traffic tunnel for a hydropower station underground powerhouse applicable to TBM construction, characterized in that, The ventilation tunnel (2) and the access tunnel (3) are constructed by disassembling and reinstalling the TBM once. The cross-section type is circular, and the longitudinal slope of the tunnel does not exceed 10%. The ventilation tunnel entrance (2-1) and the access tunnel entrance (3-1) are arranged adjacent to each other, and the minimum thickness of the rock mass between the ventilation tunnel entrance (2-1) and the access tunnel entrance (3-1) is not less than the excavation diameter of the entrance. The end of the ventilation tunnel (2-2) and the end of the access tunnel (3-2) are respectively located at the left and right end walls of the underground power house (1), and the elevation is determined according to the ventilation and traffic needs of the underground power house of the hydropower station. The tunnel between the end of the ventilation tunnel (2-2) and the end of the access tunnel (3-2) is the construction connection tunnel (4). The construction connection tunnel (4) is the construction access for the underground power house (1). The main transformer chamber (5) and the tail gate chamber (6) arranged in sequence with the underground power house (1) are enclosed inside the curve formed by the alignment of the ventilation tunnel (2) and the access tunnel (3); the ventilation tunnel entrance (2-1) and the access tunnel entrance (3-1) are arranged adjacent to each other and in parallel, and the designed elevations are the same; a precast pavement invert block or cast-in-place concrete is provided to form the pavement in the section of the access tunnel (3) after the TBM construction is completed. The circular cross-section formed by TBM excavation is adopted for the ventilation tunnel (2) section without special requirements during the operation period. The maximum longitudinal slope of the section of the access tunnel (3) with traffic needs during the operation period does not exceed 8%.

2. The layout structure of the ventilation tunnel and traffic tunnel of the hydropower station underground powerhouse applicable to TBM construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ventilation tunnel (2) includes a ventilation tunnel entrance (2-1), a sloping section of the ventilation tunnel body (2-3), a turning section of the ventilation tunnel body (2-4), a horizontal section of the ventilation tunnel body (2-5), an arc section of the ventilation tunnel body (2-6), and a ventilation tunnel end (2-2). The sloping section of the ventilation tunnel body (2-3) and the turning section of the ventilation tunnel body (2-4) are grouped together, or multiple groups are connected in sequence through same-direction and / or reverse turns. The ventilation tunnel (2) slopes downwards from the ventilation tunnel entrance (2-1) along the direction of entering the tunnel. After passing through the sloping section of the ventilation tunnel body (2-3) and its last turning section of the ventilation tunnel body (2-4), the elevation at the entrance of the horizontal section of the ventilation tunnel body (2-5) drops to the same as the designed elevation of the ventilation tunnel of the underground power house. The entrance of the horizontal section of the ventilation tunnel body (2-5) is located outside the intersection point of the vertical extension line passing through the end of the access tunnel (3-2) and the axis of the tunnel of the horizontal section of the ventilation tunnel body. The axis of the tunnel of the horizontal section of the ventilation tunnel body (2-5) is parallel to the axis of the chamber of the tail gate chamber (6), and the distance between the adjacent side walls of the tail gate chamber (6) is not less than the excavation diameter of the ventilation tunnel (2). The chord length of the arc section of the ventilation tunnel body (2-6) is greater than the horizontal distance between the underground power house (1) and the tail gate chamber (6). The access tunnel (3) includes an access tunnel entrance (3-1), a sloping section of the access tunnel body (3-3), a turning section of the access tunnel body (3-4), a horizontal section of the access tunnel body (3-5), and an access tunnel end (3-2). The sloping section of the access tunnel body (3-3) and the turning section of the access tunnel body (3-4) are grouped together, or multiple groups are connected in sequence through same-direction and / or reverse turns. It slopes downwards from the access tunnel entrance (3-1) along the direction of entering the access tunnel. After passing through the sloping section of the access tunnel body (3-3) and its last turning section of the access tunnel body (3-4), the elevation at the entrance of the horizontal section of the access tunnel body (3-5) drops to the same as the designed elevation of the installation yard of the underground power house (1).

3. The layout structure of the ventilation tunnel and traffic tunnel of the hydropower station underground powerhouse applicable to TBM construction according to claim 2, wherein, The axis of the tunnel of the construction connection tunnel (4) is parallel to or coincides with the axis of the chamber of the underground power house (1). When the axis of the tunnel of the construction connection tunnel (4) is within the structure of the underground power house (1), the longitudinal slope of the construction connection tunnel (4) is controlled by the end of the ventilation tunnel (2-2), the end of the access tunnel (3-2), and the designed length of the underground power house (1). When the axis of the tunnel of the construction connection tunnel (4) is outside the chamber structure of the underground power house (1), the longitudinal slope is determined according to the requirement of facilitating drainage by adjusting the turning radius of the arc section of the ventilation tunnel body (2-6), and by adjusting the turning radius of the arc section of the ventilation tunnel body (2-6), the construction connection tunnel (4) replaces the section of the tunnel where the upper drainage gallery of the underground power house passes through here.

4. The layout structure of the ventilation tunnel and traffic tunnel of the hydropower station underground powerhouse applicable to TBM construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The minimum turning radius of both the turning section of the ventilation tunnel body (2-4) and the turning section of the access tunnel body (3-4) is not less than 70 m, and the radius of the arc of the arc section of the ventilation tunnel body (2-6) is not less than 70 m.

5. The layout structure of the ventilation tunnel and traffic tunnel of the hydropower station underground powerhouse applicable to TBM construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The horizontal section (2-5) of the ventilation tunnel body, the arc section (2-6) of the ventilation tunnel body, the construction connection tunnel (4), and the horizontal section (3-5) of the traffic tunnel body are arranged in a horizontal "U" shape on the plane.

6. The layout structure of the ventilation tunnel and traffic tunnel of the hydropower station underground powerhouse applicable to TBM construction according to claim 1, characterized in that The traffic tunnel includes a traffic tunnel entrance, a ramp section of the traffic tunnel body, a turning section of the traffic tunnel body, a horizontal section of the traffic tunnel body, an arc section of the traffic tunnel body, and the end of the traffic tunnel. The ramp section of the traffic tunnel body and the turning section of the traffic tunnel body are grouped together, or multiple groups are connected in sequence through same-direction and / or reverse turns. The traffic tunnel slopes downward along the direction of entering the tunnel. After passing through the ramp section of the traffic tunnel body and its last turning section of the traffic tunnel body, the elevation at the entrance of the horizontal section of the traffic tunnel body drops to the same as the design elevation of the installation yard of the underground powerhouse. The entrance of the horizontal section of the traffic tunnel body is located outside the intersection of the vertical extension line passing through the end of the traffic tunnel and the axis of the horizontal section tunnel of the traffic tunnel body. The axis of the tunnel of the horizontal section of the traffic tunnel body is parallel to the axis of the cavern of the tailrace gate, and the distance between the adjacent sidewalls of the tailrace chamber is not less than the excavation diameter of the traffic tunnel. The chord length of the arc section of the traffic tunnel body is greater than the horizontal distance between the underground powerhouse and the tailrace gate. The ventilation tunnel includes a ventilation tunnel entrance, a ramp section of the ventilation tunnel body, a turning section of the ventilation tunnel body, a horizontal section of the ventilation tunnel body, and the end of the ventilation tunnel. The ramp section of the ventilation tunnel body and the turning section of the ventilation tunnel body are grouped together, or multiple groups are connected in sequence through same-direction and / or reverse turns. Along the direction of entering the ventilation tunnel, it slopes downward from the ventilation tunnel entrance. After passing through the ramp section of the ventilation tunnel body and its last turning section of the ventilation tunnel body, the elevation at the entrance of the horizontal section of the ventilation tunnel body drops to the same as the design elevation of the ventilation tunnel of the underground powerhouse.

7. The layout structure of the ventilation tunnel and traffic tunnel of the hydropower station underground powerhouse applicable to TBM construction according to claim 6, characterized in that, The axis of the tunnel of the construction connection tunnel (4) is parallel to or coincides with the axis of the cavern of the underground powerhouse (1). When the axis of the tunnel of the construction connection tunnel (4) is within the structure of the underground powerhouse (1), the longitudinal slope of the construction connection tunnel (4) is controlled by the design lengths of the end of the ventilation tunnel, the end of the traffic tunnel, and the underground powerhouse (1). When the axis of the tunnel of the construction connection tunnel (4) is outside the cavern structure of the underground powerhouse (1), the longitudinal slope is determined according to the requirement of facilitating drainage by adjusting the turning radius of the arc section of the traffic tunnel body, and the construction connection tunnel (4) replaces the section of the upper drainage gallery of the underground powerhouse passing through this area by adjusting the turning radius of the arc section of the traffic tunnel body. The minimum turning radius of the turning section of the ventilation tunnel body and the turning section of the traffic tunnel body is not less than 70 m, and the arc radius of the arc section of the traffic tunnel body is not less than 70 m. The horizontal section of the traffic tunnel body, the arc section of the traffic tunnel body, the construction connection tunnel (4), and the horizontal section of the ventilation tunnel body are arranged in a horizontal "U" shape on the plane.

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