A rock wear resistance tester

Abstract

The invention discloses a rock wear resistance tester, which comprises a base frame, an adjustment foot, a crossbeam and a column. The adjustment foot is installed at the bottom of the base frame, the column is installed at the upper left and right sides of the base frame, and the crossbeam is installed between the columns through nuts. The wear resistance tester also comprises an experimental platform arranged on the base frame, a hydraulic device arranged in the middle of the crossbeam, and a steel needle fixing device is installed at the lower end of the hydraulic device. The experimental platform comprises an experimental component and a platform moving component. During the experiment, the position of the experimental component is moved by the platform moving component so that the steel needle carves a cross on the rock sample to carry out the rock wear resistance test. The hydraulic device adjusts the position of the steel needle by extending and retracting the hydraulic rod, and controls the force of the steel needle pressing up and down on the rock sample at the same time. The steel needle fixing device clamps the steel needle. During the experiment and teaching process, the instrument is simple to use, can better measure the wear resistance level of the rock, and has the characteristics of convenient use, diverse adjustment methods and accurate measurement values.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of tool research and teaching equipment, and in particular relates to a rock wear resistance tester. Background Art

[0002] Rock wear resistance is an important reference for the selection of drill bit tool parameters in tunnel boring machine (TBM) construction technology. The hardness and wear resistance of rock are important factors affecting the drilling process of shield machines. In recent years, more and more studies have been conducted in China. At present, some scholars have conducted preliminary research on the correlation between rock wear resistance and rock strength.

[0003] And through rock wear resistance test and rock strength test, it is found that the greater the uniaxial compressive strength of the rock, the higher the rock rebound value and the greater the wear resistance of the rock; and in the existing education and experimental fields, there are very few instruments that can carry out standard rock wear resistance experiments, and the existing equipment for rock wear resistance experiments is complicated to operate, inconvenient to use, and has low precision. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an automated and high-precision experimental device to test the wear resistance of rocks. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the defects of the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a rock wear resistance tester, which moves the experimental platform through a hydraulic cylinder group so that a steel needle can carve a "cross" on the rock sample to carry out a wear resistance test on the rock sample; at the same time, the position and height of the steel needle are adjusted by a hydraulic device to meet the requirements for the height of the steel needle during the experiment, and the steel needle can also be clamped by a steel needle fixing device. During the experiment and teaching process, it is simple to use and can better measure the wear resistance level of the rock. It has the characteristics of easy use, diverse adjustment methods and accurate measurement values.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A rock wear resistance tester comprises a base frame, an adjustment foot, a crossbeam and a column, wherein the adjustment foot is installed below the base frame, the column is installed on the sides of the left and right ends above the base frame, and the crossbeam is installed between the columns on the left and right sides through a second hexagonal nut. The wear resistance tester also comprises a movable test platform arranged on the base frame and a hydraulic device arranged in the middle of the crossbeam, and a steel needle fixing device is installed at the lower end of the hydraulic device;

[0007] The experimental platform includes an experimental component and a platform moving component. During the experiment, the position of the experimental component is moved by the platform moving component so that the steel needle scratches the rock sample to perform a rock wear resistance test. The platform moving component is arranged on the right side and the rear side of the experimental instrument.

[0008] The hydraulic device adjusts the upper and lower positions of the steel needle by extending and retracting the hydraulic rod. At the same time, in the process of using the steel needle to scratch the rock sample, the force applied by the steel needle to the rock sample is controlled so that the steel needle scratches the rock sample and performs a rock wear resistance test.

[0009] The steel needle fixing device is used to clamp and fix the steel needle.

[0010] Preferably, the experimental assembly includes a slide plate, a guide plate and a three-jaw chuck, and a first engaging groove and a nut seat are provided on the upper end surface of the guide plate, and the nut seat is provided along the upper edge of the first engaging groove. The lower end of the three-jaw chuck is fixedly engaged in the first engaging groove, and the bolt passes through the nut seat to fix the side of the three-jaw chuck. The three-jaw chuck is provided with three radially movable jaws to clamp and position the sample. The first slider and the second slider are also symmetrically provided on the lower end surface of the guide plate, and the lower end of the guide plate is connected to the upper end surface of the slide plate through the first slider and the second slider, and the height of the first slider is twice the height of the second slider.

[0011] Preferably, the slide plate includes a transverse slide plate and a longitudinal slide plate, the transverse slide plate is installed on the base frame by a cross-slot pan head screw, the transverse slide plate and the longitudinal slide plate are snap-connected, the transverse slide plate is provided with a transverse slide, a cylinder connecting hole and a second snap-fitting groove; the longitudinal slide plate is provided with a longitudinal slide, the longitudinal slide plate is snap-connected with the transverse slide plate by the second snap-fitting groove, the transverse slide is snap-fitted with the first slider, the longitudinal slide is snap-fitted with the second slider, the longitudinal slide plate is connected to the base frame by a hydraulic component, and the hydraulic component controls the lifting and lowering of the longitudinal slide plate.

[0012] Preferably, the hydraulic component is a first cylinder group arranged on the upper end surface of the base frame, the first cylinder group includes at least one first cylinder with the same specifications, the base of the first cylinder is engaged in a third engaging groove and a cylinder body connecting hole arranged on the base frame, and the end of the piston rod of the first cylinder is connected to the piston rod connecting hole arranged at the bottom end of the longitudinal slide plate; a first pressure regulating cabinet is shared by each first cylinder, and the extension and retraction of the piston rod of the first cylinder is controlled by the first pressure regulating cabinet, thereby controlling the lifting and lowering of the longitudinal slide plate.

[0013] Preferably, the platform moving assembly includes a handwheel, a first flat washer, a first elastic washer, a first hexagonal cylindrical head screw, a bearing seat, a ball screw and a ball nut. The handwheel is connected to one end of the ball screw, and the other end of the ball screw passes through a bearing arranged inside the bearing seat and is connected to the ball nut. The ball nut is welded to one side of the guide plate, and a screw telescopic chamber is arranged inside the welding point between the guide plate and the ball nut for use with the ball screw. The bearing seat is connected to the base frame through the first hexagonal cylindrical head screw, and a first flat washer and a first elastic washer are sandwiched between the first hexagonal cylindrical head screw and the screw hole arranged on the bearing seat.

[0014] Preferably, the hydraulic device includes a second cylinder, a third hexagonal nut, a second flat washer, a second elastic washer, a second hexagonal cylindrical head screw, a second hexagonal nut and a joint. The second cylinder is arranged in the middle position of the upper end of the beam and is installed in the middle of the beam by the third hexagonal nut and the second hexagonal cylindrical head screw. A second flat washer and a second elastic washer are also arranged at the connection between the third hexagonal nut and the upper end of the beam. The joint is connected to the piston rod end of the second cylinder, and the second cylinder is controlled by the second pressure regulating cabinet.

[0015] Preferably, the joint includes a piston rod connecting part, a steel needle fixing device connecting part and a latch rod, and the piston rod connecting part and the steel needle fixing device connecting part are connected through the latch rod; the piston rod connecting part is provided with a piston rod connecting groove and a first latch hole used in conjunction with the piston rod end of the second cylinder, the piston rod connecting groove has the same shape as the piston rod end of the second cylinder, the first latch rod passes through the first latch hole and the through hole provided at the top end of the piston rod, and connects the piston rod connecting groove with the piston rod end of the second cylinder; the steel needle fixing device connecting part is provided with a clamping head connecting groove and a second latch hole; the piston rod connecting part and the steel needle fixing device connecting part are both provided with slots, grooves and protrusions used in conjunction with the latch rod, and the grooves and protrusions are clamped in conjunction.

[0016] Preferably, the steel needle fixing device is a chuck, and the tail end of the chuck is provided with a chuck protrusion that cooperates with the chuck connecting groove, and the chuck protrusion is provided with a second latch through hole that cooperates with the second latch hole. The second latch rod passes through the second latch hole and the second latch through hole to connect the tail end of the chuck with the joint.

[0017] Preferably, the front end of the chuck is also provided with a truncated cone-shaped steel needle clamping assembly, and the steel needle clamping assembly includes a plurality of arc-shaped steel needle clamping parts, a fastening screw and a steel needle mounting hole surrounded by a plurality of clamping parts, and a deformation seam is provided between two adjacent clamping parts, and a thread used in conjunction with the fastening screw is provided on the outer side surface of the clamping part, and the fastening screw is installed on the outer side surface of the clamping part, and the steel needle is clamped and disassembled by rotating the fastening screw, and a thread used in conjunction with the steel needle is provided on the inner side surface of the clamping part to clamp the steel needle.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention discloses a rock wear resistance tester. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following improvements:

[0019] 1. The present invention divides the chute plate into two parts, namely, a transverse chute plate and a longitudinal chute plate, which are engaged with each other. When in use, the height of the longitudinal chute plate is raised and lowered by the first cylinder group. When conducting a rock wear resistance test, the height of the chute plate can be controlled by the first cylinder group, and the transverse and longitudinal positions of the experimental platform can be moved by the platform moving assembly at the same time, so as to achieve the purpose of carving a "cross" on the rock sample. The operation is simple and the use is convenient;

[0020] 2. The height of the steel needle is adjusted by a hydraulic device. During the experiment, the piston rod connection part and the steel needle fixing device connection part are connected by a latch rod, which is simple and convenient to use. The piston rod connection part and the steel needle fixing device connection part can be disassembled by only using the latch rod. In addition, the force of the steel needle pressing on the rock sample can be controlled by hydraulic pressure, achieving the purpose of controlling both the height and the scratching force.

[0021] 3. The steel needle is fixed by a steel fixing device, and the worn steel needle can be quickly replaced by adjusting the fastening screw. During the experiment and teaching process, it is easy to use and can better measure the wear resistance level of the rock. It has the characteristics of easy use, diverse adjustment methods and accurate measurement values. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is the front view of the experimental instrument of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a left view of the experimental instrument of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3-1 It is a top view of the slide plate of the experimental instrument of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3-2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the transverse slide plate of the experimental instrument of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3-3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the longitudinal slide plate of the experimental instrument of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3-4 It is a bottom view of the longitudinal slide plate of the experimental instrument of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3-5 It is a top view of the chassis of the experimental instrument of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3-6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the bottom surface of the guide plate of the experimental instrument of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3-7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first cylinder group of the experimental instrument of the present invention controlling the lifting and lowering of the longitudinal slide plate.

[0031] Figure 4-1 It is a partial enlarged view of the experimental platform of the experimental instrument of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4-2 It is the front view of the mobile assembly of the experimental instrument platform of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4-3 It is a partial enlarged view of the moving component of the experimental instrument platform of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5-1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the experimental instrument joint of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5-2 It is a top view of the piston rod connection groove of the experimental instrument of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 5-3 It is a front view of the piston rod connecting part of the experimental instrument of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 5-4 It is a front view of the connecting part of the steel needle fixing device of the experimental instrument of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 5-5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the latch rod of the experimental instrument of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 6-1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the clamp of the experimental instrument of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 6-2 It is a bottom view of the clamp of the experimental instrument of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 6-3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the clamping part of the experimental instrument of the present invention.

[0042] Wherein: 1. chassis, 101. third engaging groove, 201. first slider, 202. second slider, 3. slide plate, 31. transverse slide plate, 311. transverse slide, 312. cylinder body connecting hole, 313. second engaging groove, 32. longitudinal slide plate, 321. longitudinal slide, 322. piston rod connecting hole, 33. first cylinder, 4. guide plate, 41. first engaging groove, 42. bolt, 43. lead screw telescopic chamber, 5. three-jaw chuck, 6. handwheel, 7. first flat washer, 8. first elastic washer, 9. first hexagonal cylindrical head screw, 10. adjustment foot, 11. bearing seat, 12. ball screw, 13. cross slot pan head screw, 14. ball nut, 15. nut seat, 16. second cylinder, 17. Three hexagonal nuts, 18. Second flat washer, 19. Second elastic washer, 20. Second hexagonal cylindrical head screw, 21. Second hexagonal nut, 22. Crossbeam, 23. Joint, 231. Piston rod connecting part, 2311. Piston rod connecting groove, 2312. Groove, 2313. Slot, 2314. Protrusion, 2315. First latch hole, 2316. First latch rod, 232. Steel needle fixing device connecting part, 2321. Clamp connecting groove, 2322. Second latch hole, 2323. Second latch rod, 233. Pin rod, 24. Clamp, 241. Clamp protrusion, 2411. Second latch through hole, 242. Fastening screw, 243. Clamp, 244. Steel needle mounting hole, 25. Steel needle, 26. Column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0044] Refer to the attached Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3-1 — Figure 3-7 , Figure 4-1 — Figure 4-3 , Figure 5-1 — Figure 5-5 and Figure 6-1—6-3 shows a rock wear resistance tester, comprising a base frame 1, an adjustment foot 10, a crossbeam 22 and a column 26, wherein the adjustment foot 10 is mounted below the base frame 1, the column 26 is mounted on the sides at the left and right ends above the base frame 1, and the crossbeam 22 is mounted between the columns 26 on the left and right sides through a second hexagonal nut 21, the wear resistance tester also comprises a movable test platform arranged on the base frame 1 and a hydraulic device arranged in the middle of the crossbeam 22, a steel needle fixing device is installed at the lower end of the hydraulic device; the test platform comprises an experimental assembly and a platform moving assembly, during the experiment, the experimenter can move the position of the experimental assembly through the platform moving assembly, use the steel needle to scratch the rock sample, and conduct a wear resistance test; the hydraulic device adjusts the upper and lower positions of the steel needle by extending and retracting the hydraulic rod, so that the steel needle scratches the rock sample; the steel needle fixing device is used to clamp and fix the steel needle, so that the position of the steel needle always remains unchanged and will not be disturbed during the rock wear resistance test.

[0045] The experimental assembly includes a slide plate 3, a guide plate 4 and a three-jaw chuck 5. A first engaging groove 41 and a nut seat 15 are provided on the upper end surface of the guide plate 4. The nut seat 15 is provided along the upper edge of the first engaging groove 41. The lower end of the three-jaw chuck 5 is fixedly engaged in the first engaging groove 41. At the same time, a bolt 42 is used to pass through the nut seat 15 to fix the side of the three-jaw chuck 5, so that the three-jaw chuck 5 is firmly engaged on the upper end surface of the guide plate 4. Three radially movable claws are provided on the three-jaw chuck 5, and the movable claws are used to clamp and position the sample. The lower end surface of the guide plate 4 is also symmetrically provided with a first slider 2 01 and the second slider 202, the lower end of the guide plate 4 is connected to the upper end surface of the slide plate 3 through the first slider 201 and the second slider 202, the height of the first slider 201 is twice the height of the second slider 202; the slide plate 3 includes a transverse slide plate 31 and a longitudinal slide plate 32, the transverse slide plate 31 is installed on the base frame 1 through a cross slot pan head screw 13, the transverse slide plate 31 and the longitudinal slide plate 32 are snap-connected, and the transverse slide plate 31 is provided with a transverse slide 311, a cylinder connecting hole 312 and a second snap-connecting groove 313, the depth of the transverse slide 311 is equal to the height of the first slider 201 ; A longitudinal slide plate 32 is provided with a longitudinal slide groove 321, the depth of the longitudinal slide groove 321 is the same as the height of the second slider 202, the longitudinal slide plate 32 is engaged with the transverse slide plate 31 through the second engaging groove 313, the transverse slide groove 311 is engaged with the first slider 201, and the longitudinal slide groove 321 is engaged with the second slider 202, the longitudinal slide plate 32 is connected to the chassis 1 through a hydraulic component, and the hydraulic component controls the lifting of the longitudinal slide plate 32; the hydraulic component is a first cylinder group arranged on the upper end surface of the chassis 1, and the first cylinder group includes at least 4 first cylinders of the same specification 33, the number of the first cylinders 33 is the same as the number of the cylinder connecting holes 312 (the number of the cylinders is set according to the number of the cylinder connecting holes 312), the base of the first cylinder 33 is engaged in the third engaging groove 101 and the cylinder connecting hole 312 set on the base frame 1, the position of the first cylinder 33 is fixed, the end of the piston rod of the first cylinder 33 is connected to the piston rod connecting hole 322 set at the bottom end of the longitudinal slide plate 32, and each first cylinder 33 shares a first pressure regulating cabinet, and the extension and retraction of the piston rod of the first cylinder 33 is uniformly controlled by the first pressure regulating cabinet, thereby controlling the lifting and lowering of the longitudinal slide plate 32;

[0046] In use, if it is necessary to carve only a straight line scratch on the rock sample, the height of the longitudinal slide plate 32 can be adjusted without using the hydraulic assembly, so that the transverse slide plate 31 and the longitudinal slide plate 32 remain engaged, and the platform moving assembly is used to move the experimental platform left and right, and the steel needle 25 carves a horizontal straight line scratch on the rock sample; when it is necessary to carve only a straight line scratch on the rock sample, the experimental platform can be first moved left and right by the platform moving assembly to carve a straight line scratch on the rock sample;

[0047] When it is necessary to carve a "cross" scratch on the rock sample, first use the above steps to scratch a horizontal "I" shaped scratch on the rock sample, and then use the first pressure regulating cabinet to pressurize the first cylinder 33, so that the piston rod of the first cylinder 33 is extended, and the horizontal slide plate 31 and the longitudinal slide plate 32 are separated. When the longitudinal slide plate 32 rises to a certain extent and the second slider 202 is completely inserted into the second engaging groove 313, the pressurization is stopped. At this time, the first slider 201 is suspended at the two outer edges of the second engaging groove 313, and the second slider 202 is pressed against the The movement has no effect. The second slider 202 can slide smoothly forward and backward on the second engaging groove 313 under the action of the platform moving component. Then, the height of the steel needle is raised by manually adjusting the hydraulic device so that the steel needle is pressed against the rock sample as required. Then, the experimental platform is moved forward and backward by the platform moving component to carve another vertical "I"-shaped scratch on the rock sample. The two "I"-shaped scratches are perpendicular to each other to form a "X"-shaped scratch. According to the experimental needs, the above steps are repeated to repeatedly scratch the rock sample, and record and calculate.

[0048] The platform moving assembly includes a handwheel 6, a first flat washer 7, a first elastic washer 8, a first hexagonal cylindrical head screw 9, a bearing seat 11, a ball screw 12 and a ball nut 14. The handwheel 6 is connected to one end of the ball screw 12, and the other end of the ball screw 12 passes through the bearing arranged inside the bearing seat 11 and is connected to the ball nut 14. The ball nut 14 is welded to one side of the guide plate 4, and a screw telescopic cavity 43 is arranged inside the welding place between the guide plate 4 and the ball nut 14 to be matched with the ball screw 12. The experimental apparatus is suitable for use. During the experiment, the screw part of the ball screw 12 is movable. The bearing seat 11 is connected to the base frame 1 through the first hexagonal cylindrical head screw 9, so that the bearing seat 11 is firmly connected to the base frame. A first flat washer 7 and a first elastic washer 8 are sandwiched between the first hexagonal cylindrical head screw 9 and the screw hole arranged on the bearing seat 11. The platform moving component is arranged on the right side and the rear side of the experimental apparatus. During the experiment, the platform moving component can be used to move the experimental platform forward and backward and left and right to achieve the experimental purpose.

[0049] The hydraulic device includes a second cylinder 16, a third hexagonal nut 17, a second flat washer 18, a second elastic washer 19, a second hexagonal cylindrical head screw 20, a second hexagonal nut 21 and a joint 23. The second cylinder 16 is arranged at the middle position of the upper end of the cross beam 22, and is installed in the middle of the cross beam 22 through the third hexagonal nut 17 and the second hexagonal cylindrical head screw 20. The second flat washer 18 and the second elastic washer 19 are also arranged at the connection between the third hexagonal nut 17 and the upper end of the cross beam 22 to increase the stability of the connection. The joint 23 is connected to the end of the piston rod of the second cylinder 16. The second cylinder 16 is controlled by the second pressure regulating cabinet, and the extension and retraction of the piston rod of the second cylinder 16 is controlled by the pressurization and decompression of the second pressure regulating cabinet;

[0050] The joint 23 includes a piston rod connecting portion 231, a steel needle fixing device connecting portion 232 and a latch rod 233. The piston rod connecting portion 231 and the steel needle fixing device connecting portion 232 are connected via the latch rod 233, and the latch rod 233 is used to realize the detachable connection between the piston rod connecting portion 231 and the steel needle fixing device connecting portion 232; the piston rod connecting portion 231 is provided with a piston rod connecting groove 2311 and a first latch hole 2315 used in conjunction with the piston rod end of the second cylinder 16; the piston rod connecting groove 2311 and the piston rod end of the second cylinder 16 have the same shape, both of which are triangular prism structures; the first latch rod 2316 passes through the first latch hole 2315 and the through hole at the top of the piston rod to connect the piston rod connecting groove 2311 with the piston rod end of the second cylinder 16, and the first latch hole 2315 The rod 2316 is a prism structure, preferably a triangular prism structure, which can achieve a fixed snap-fitting effect through its protruding edges; the steel needle fixing device connection part 232 is provided with a clamp head connection groove 2321 and a second latch hole 2322. When in use, the clamp head 24 and the joint 23 are connected through the clamp head connection groove 2321 and the second latch hole 2322; the piston rod connection part 231 and the steel needle fixing device connection part 232 are both provided with a slot 2313, a groove 2312 and a protrusion 2314 used in conjunction with the latch rod 233, and the groove 2312 and the protrusion 2314 are engaged in snap connection. When in use, the piston rod connection part 231 and the steel needle fixing device connection part 232 are connected by inserting the protrusion 2314 into the two grooves 2312 and the latch rod 233 into the slot 2313;

[0051] The steel needle fixing device includes a clamping head 24, and a clamping head protrusion 241 that cooperates with the clamping head connecting groove 2321 is provided at the tail end of the clamping head 24, and a second latch through hole 2411 that cooperates with the second latch hole 2322 is provided on the clamping head protrusion 241, and the second latch rod 2323 passes through the second latch hole 2322 and the second latch through hole 2411 to connect the tail end of the clamping head 24 with the joint 23; the front end of the clamping head 24 is also provided with a truncated cone-shaped steel needle clamping assembly, and the steel needle clamping assembly includes a plurality of arc-shaped steel needle clamping pieces 243, a fastening screw 242 and a steel needle mounting hole 244 surrounded by a plurality of clamping pieces 243, and an expansion joint is provided between two adjacent clamping pieces 243, and the clamping The outer surface of the holder 243 is provided with a thread used in conjunction with the fastening screw 242. The fastening screw 242 is installed on the outer surface of the clamping member 243. When in use, the distance between the expansion joints is adjusted by rotating the fastening screw 242 up and down, thereby adjusting the aperture size of the steel needle mounting hole 244. The steel needle mounting hole 244 is used to clamp and disassemble the steel needle 25. The inner side surface of the clamping member 243 is provided with a thread used in conjunction with the steel needle to increase the contact area with the steel needle. When in use, the steel needle is clamped. The clamping member 243 is made of hot-rolled steel material with good deformation ability, preferably spring steel. The clamping member 243 can be formed integrally with the clamp head 24, or can be welded on the clamp head 24.

[0052] The air inlet ends of the first and second cylinders 33 and 16 are connected to the air pump through the first and second pressure regulating cabinets. The air pump adjusts the air pressure in the first and second cylinders 33 and 16 to control the extension and contraction of the corresponding piston rods.

[0053] Some technical parameters of the rock wear resistance tester described in the present invention are:

[0054] 1. Loading load of the second cylinder: 3.15Kg (31.5N), corresponding to the pressure gauge of 0.1Mpa;

[0055] 2. The maximum moving distance of the first slider and the second slider in the corresponding slide groove is 90mm;

[0056] 3. Specifications of the steel needle: diameter 6mm, length 30mm, cone angle 60°, hardness HRC48±5;

[0057] 4. Air pump specifications: voltage 220V, 50HZ, maximum pressure 0.7MPa

[0058] 5. Specimen specifications: 150X150X150mm, the maximum holding size of the chuck is 200mmX200mm (length x width)

[0059] 6. Instrument size: main unit 300X400X500mm; first and second voltage regulating cabinets 300X300X400mm; air pump 100X300X400mm.

[0060] The working principle and use process of the present invention:

[0061] 1. Assemble the rock wear resistance tester of the present invention according to the corresponding steps;

[0062] 2. Clamp the rock sample on the three-jaw chuck. The rock sample is required to be an unprocessed rough sample. It is best to use a specimen with a flat surface to facilitate the advancement of the steel needle during the test. The size of the sample should not be too large, and the length, width and height should be about 15 cm;

[0063] 3. Before the test, the diameter of the steel needle tip should be calibrated with a high-power microscope. The measurement accuracy of the high-power microscope should be 0.0001 mm.

[0064] 4. Connect the air pipes between the first and second pressure regulating cabinets and the main body of the experimental instrument (according to the corresponding markings), power on the air pump and turn on the air pump switch, ensure that the air pump valve is in the open state (parallel to the pipeline), then observe the readings on the first and second pressure regulating cabinets, and uniformly adjust the readings to zero (i.e., do not ventilate the first cylinders 33 and the second cylinders 16);

[0065] 5. Install the steel needle, adjust the pressure to 0.1Mpa through the second pressure regulating cabinet (compared with the pressure gauge reading of the hydraulic device, this pressure corresponds to 31.5N, which has been calibrated at the factory), and test the falling speed of the steel needle by "pull" and "push" through the reversing valve (not shown in the figure). If it is found that the steel needle falls too fast, it can be adjusted through the speed knob (clockwise to slow down, counterclockwise to speed up). After the adjustment is completed, while keeping the entire device relatively stable, start rotating the handwheel 6 set on the right side of the tester, apply horizontal force to move the test piece left and right in the horizontal direction (the distance refers to the pointer scale), and scratch a horizontal "I"-shaped scratch;

[0066] Then, the pressure is reduced through the second pressure regulating cabinet to retract the piston rod of the second cylinder 16, and the steel needle is out of contact with the sample. The first pressure regulating cabinet is adjusted to increase the pressure in the first cylinder 33 and extend the piston rod. When the transverse slide plate 31 and the longitudinal slide plate 32 are completely separated, and when the longitudinal slide plate 32 rises to a certain extent, the second slider 202 is completely engaged in the second engaging groove 313, the pressurization is stopped to fix the longitudinal slide plate at this height, and the piston rod of the second cylinder 16 is extended again through the second pressure regulating cabinet, the steel needle 25 is in contact with the sample, and the pressure is adjusted to 0.1Mpa through the second pressure regulating cabinet. (Compare with the pressure gauge reading of the hydraulic device, this pressure corresponds to 31.5N, which has been calibrated at the factory). Use the reversing valve (not shown in the figure) to "pull" or "push" to test the speed of the steel needle falling. If the steel needle falls too fast, adjust it through the speed knob (slow down in the clockwise direction and speed up in the counterclockwise direction). After the adjustment, while keeping the entire device relatively stable, start rotating the handwheel 6 set at the rear side of the tester, apply horizontal force to move the test piece back and forth in the horizontal direction (the distance refers to the pointer scale), and scratch a longitudinal "I"-shaped scratch to form a "X"-shaped scratch;

[0067] Special attention: When installing the steel needle and placing it on the test piece, be sure to do it slowly, and absolutely avoid placing the needle too hard, which may cause the needle tip to be bumped and worn, resulting in human error;

[0068] 6. During the test, the horizontal displacement distance of the steel needle 25 on the rock sample is 1 cm. The diameter of the worn part of the steel needle is observed with a high-power microscope. The recording unit is Φ x 1 / 10mm, and the accuracy is 0.0001mm.

[0069] 7. During the experiment, each group of rock samples shall consist of no less than 5 pieces. Since rocks can be isotropic or anisotropic, three adjacent faces should be selected as scratch faces for each sample. Each face should be scratched twice, and the two scratch directions should be orthogonal to each other. The average value is taken as the wear resistance value of each face. Finally, the wear resistance values ​​of the three faces are averaged as the wear resistance value of the rock sample.

[0070] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rock wear resistance tester, comprising a base frame (1), an adjustment foot (10), a crossbeam (22) and a column (26), wherein the adjustment foot (10) is mounted below the base frame (1), the column (26) is mounted on the sides of the left and right ends above the base frame (1), and the crossbeam (22) is mounted between the columns (26) on the left and right sides through a second hexagonal nut (21), characterized in that: The wear resistance tester further comprises a movable test platform arranged on the base frame (1) and a hydraulic device arranged in the middle of the crossbeam (22), wherein a steel needle fixing device is installed at the lower end of the hydraulic device; The experimental platform includes an experimental component and a platform moving component. During the experiment, the position of the experimental component is moved by the platform moving component so that the steel needle scratches the rock sample to perform a rock wear resistance test. The platform moving component is arranged on the right side and the rear side of the experimental instrument. The hydraulic device adjusts the upper and lower positions of the steel needle by extending and retracting the hydraulic rod. At the same time, in the process of using the steel needle to scratch the rock sample, the force applied by the steel needle to the rock sample is controlled so that the steel needle scratches the rock sample and performs a rock wear resistance test. The steel needle fixing device is used to clamp and fix the steel needle; The experimental assembly comprises a slide plate (3), a guide plate (4) and a three-jaw chuck (5). A first engaging groove (41) and a nut seat (15) are arranged on the upper end surface of the guide plate (4). The nut seat (15) is arranged along the upper edge of the first engaging groove (41). The lower end of the three-jaw chuck (5) is fixedly engaged in the first engaging groove (41). A bolt (42) passes through the nut seat (15) to fix the side of the three-jaw chuck (5). The three-jaw chuck (5) is provided with three radially movable jaws for clamping and positioning the sample. A first slider (201) and a second slider (202) are also symmetrically arranged on the lower end surface of the guide plate (4). The lower end of the guide plate (4) is connected to the upper end surface of the slide plate (3) through the first slider (201) and the second slider (202). The height of the first slider (201) is twice the height of the second slider (202). The slide plate (3) comprises a transverse slide plate (31) and a longitudinal slide plate (32). The transverse slide plate (31) is mounted on the base frame (1) by means of cross-slot pan head screws (13). The transverse slide plate (31) and the longitudinal slide plate (32) are snap-fitted and connected. The transverse slide plate (31) is provided with a transverse slide groove (311), a cylinder connecting hole (312) and a second snap-fit ​​groove (313). The longitudinal slide plate (32) is provided with a longitudinal slide groove (321). The longitudinal slide plate (32) is snap-fitted and connected by means of the second snap-fit ​​groove (313). 3) being engaged and connected with the transverse slide plate (31), the transverse slide groove (311) being engaged and connected with the first slider (201), the longitudinal slide groove (321) being engaged and connected with the second slider (202), the longitudinal slide plate (32) being connected with the base frame (1) via a hydraulic component, the hydraulic component controlling the lifting and lowering of the longitudinal slide plate (32), when the longitudinal slide plate (32) is raised to a certain extent, the first slider (201) is suspended at the two outer edges of the second engaging groove (313), and has no effect on the movement of the second slider (202); The hydraulic device comprises a second cylinder (16), a third hexagonal nut (17), a second flat washer (18), a second elastic washer (19), a second hexagonal cylindrical head screw (20), a second hexagonal nut (21) and a joint (23); the second cylinder (16) is arranged at a middle position of the upper end of the crossbeam (22), and is installed in the middle of the crossbeam (22) through the third hexagonal nut (17) and the second hexagonal cylindrical head screw (20); a second flat washer (18) and a second elastic washer (19) are further arranged at the connection between the third hexagonal nut (17) and the upper end of the crossbeam (22); the joint (23) is connected to the end of the piston rod of the second cylinder (16); and the second cylinder (16) is controlled by a second pressure regulating cabinet; The joint (23) comprises a piston rod connecting portion (231), a steel needle fixing device connecting portion (232) and a latch rod (233), wherein the piston rod connecting portion (231) and the steel needle fixing device connecting portion (232) are connected via the latch rod (233); the piston rod connecting portion (231) is provided with a piston rod connecting groove (2311) and a first latch hole (2315) for use with the piston rod end of the second cylinder (16); the piston rod connecting groove (2311) and the piston rod end of the second cylinder (16) have the same shape; the first latch rod (2316) passes through the first latch hole (2315) and the piston rod connecting groove (2311) are provided with a piston rod connecting groove (2311) and a first latch hole (2315) for use with the piston rod end of the second cylinder (16); A latch hole (2315) and a through hole arranged at the top end of the piston rod connect the piston rod connecting groove (2311) to the piston rod end of the second cylinder (16); the steel needle fixing device connecting part (232) is provided with a clamping head connecting groove (2321) and a second latch hole (2322); the piston rod connecting part (231) and the steel needle fixing device connecting part (232) are both provided with a slot (2313), a groove (2312) and a protrusion (2314) for use with the latch rod (233), and the groove (2312) and the protrusion (2314) are matched and clamped.

2. A rock wear resistance tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic assembly is a first cylinder group arranged on the upper end surface of the base frame (1), the first cylinder group comprising at least four first cylinders (33) of the same specification, the base of the first cylinder (33) being engaged in a third engaging groove (101) and a cylinder body connecting hole (312) arranged on the base frame (1), the end of the piston rod of the first cylinder (33) being connected to a piston rod connecting hole (322) arranged at the bottom end of the longitudinal slide plate (32); each of the first cylinders (33) shares a first pressure regulating cabinet, and the extension and retraction of the piston rod of the first cylinder (33) is controlled by the first pressure regulating cabinet, thereby controlling the lifting and lowering of the longitudinal slide plate (32).

3. A rock wear resistance tester according to claim 2, characterized in that: The platform moving assembly comprises a handwheel (6), a first flat washer (7), a first elastic washer (8), a first hexagonal cylindrical head screw (9), a bearing seat (11), a ball screw (12) and a ball nut (14), wherein the handwheel (6) is connected to one end of the ball screw (12), and the other end of the ball screw (12) passes through a bearing arranged inside the bearing seat (11) and is connected to the ball nut (14), the ball nut (14) is welded to one side of the guide plate (4), and a screw telescopic cavity (43) is arranged inside the welding portion between the guide plate (4) and the ball nut (14) for use with the ball screw (12), the bearing seat (11) is connected to the base frame (1) through the first hexagonal cylindrical head screw (9), and a first flat washer (7) and a first elastic washer (8) are sandwiched between the first hexagonal cylindrical head screw (9) and a screw hole arranged on the bearing seat (11).

4. A rock wear resistance tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel needle fixing device is a clamp (24), the tail end of the clamp (24) is provided with a clamp protrusion (241) that is engaged with the clamp connection groove (2321), the clamp protrusion (241) is provided with a second latch hole (2411) that is used in conjunction with the second latch hole (2322), and the second latch rod (2323) passes through the second latch hole (2322) and the second latch hole (2411) to connect the tail end of the clamp (24) to the joint (23).

5. A rock wear resistance tester according to claim 4, characterized in that: The front end of the clamping head (24) is also provided with a truncated cone-shaped steel needle clamping assembly, which includes a plurality of arc-shaped steel needle clamping parts (243), a fastening screw (242) and a steel needle mounting hole (244) surrounded by a plurality of clamping parts (243). A deformation seam is provided between two adjacent clamping parts (243). The outer surface of the clamping part (243) is provided with a thread used in conjunction with the fastening screw (242). The fastening screw (242) is installed on the outer surface of the clamping part (243). The steel needle (25) is clamped and disassembled by rotating the fastening screw (242). The inner side surface of the clamping part (243) is provided with a thread used in conjunction with the steel needle to clamp the steel needle (25).

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