Photovoltaic module insulation test device and test method

Abstract

The present invention provides a photovoltaic module insulation test device and test method, belonging to the technical field of solar photovoltaic modules, including a test water tank, a test platform, a test bracket, an insulation tester and a spray device, wherein a temperature control device for adjusting the water temperature is provided in the test water tank; the test platform is arranged in the test water tank; the test bracket is supported on the test platform and is used to fix the photovoltaic module to be tested; the insulation tester is located outside the test water tank and is used to test the insulation resistance value of the photovoltaic module; the spray device is located above the photovoltaic module and is used to simulate the natural rain state. The photovoltaic module insulation test device provided by the present invention uses a spray device to simulate natural rain, so that the surrounding environment of the photovoltaic module is more realistically close to the natural environment, effectively simulates the working insulation performance of the photovoltaic module under the rainy state, improves the accuracy of the insulation resistance test, and is of great help to the material selection, process optimization and finished product quality of the photovoltaic module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of solar photovoltaic components, and more specifically, relates to a photovoltaic component insulation testing device and a testing method. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic modules are the core part of the photovoltaic power generation system and also the most valuable part of the photovoltaic power generation system. Their function is to convert solar energy into electrical energy, either storing it in batteries or driving loads.

[0003] With the continuous expansion of the terminal market, new materials and new processes continue to emerge, and photovoltaic modules are applied to a wider range of regions and more complex environments, which also requires a deeper understanding of product performance. Only by being more familiar with the actual performance of the product in various environments can we provide customers with efficient and reliable photovoltaic module products.

[0004] Due to the complexity of the application environment of photovoltaic modules, in actual use, in addition to being affected by temperature, humidity, wind, sand, rain and snow, the insulation performance of photovoltaic modules has become the main factor affecting the safety of use, especially the insulation performance under rainy conditions. The photovoltaic module wet insulation test is to test the insulation performance of the module under wet working conditions, detect whether the moisture from rain, fog, dew or melted snow enters the internal circuit of the module, and judge the safety of the photovoltaic module.

[0005] The commonly used wet insulation detection method is to conduct tests under normal temperature. This detection method cannot fully simulate the natural environmental conditions under rain conditions, which will lead to inaccurate test results and affect the safety performance of photovoltaic modules. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic module insulation test device, aiming to solve the problem of inaccurate insulation test results of existing photovoltaic modules.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide a photovoltaic module insulation testing device, including: a test water tank, a test platform, a test bracket, an insulation tester and a spray device, wherein the test water tank is provided with a temperature control device for adjusting the water temperature, and the test water tank is made of insulating material, or the inner wall of the test water tank is insulating material; the test platform is arranged in the test water tank; the test bracket is supported on the test platform and is used to fix the photovoltaic module to be tested; the insulation tester is located outside the test water tank and is used to test the insulation resistance value of the photovoltaic module; the spray device is located above the photovoltaic module and is used to simulate the natural rain state and spray water to the photovoltaic module.

[0008] As another embodiment of the present application, the test bracket includes: two tripods and two cross beams, the two tripods are supported in parallel on the test platform, the tripods include a bottom beam, an inclined beam and a column connected in sequence end to end; two cross beams are connected in parallel to the two inclined beams corresponding to the two tripods, and the cross beams connect the two tripods into one; the photovoltaic module is fixed to the cross beam by a clamping member.

[0009] As another embodiment of the present application, the tripod is a height-adjustable structure, wherein the bottom beam and the oblique beam are hinged via a hinge, the oblique beam and the column are hinged via a hinge, and the column and the bottom beam are hinged via a hinge; by adjusting the hinge position between the column and the bottom beam, the inclination angle of the oblique beam is increased or decreased to adjust the placement angle of the photovoltaic module.

[0010] As another embodiment of the present application, the crossbeam is a telescopic structure with adjustable length, and the length of the crossbeam can be adjusted to accommodate the test installation of photovoltaic modules of different widths.

[0011] As another embodiment of the present application, the tripod and the crossbeam are both made of steel sections, and the steel sections are evenly provided with a plurality of mounting holes along the length direction.

[0012] As another embodiment of the present application, the steel section is any one of channel steel, I-beam or angle steel.

[0013] As another embodiment of the present application, the clamping member includes a clamping block provided with a through hole and a bolt for fastening, and the bolt passes through the through hole of the clamping block, the through hole of the photovoltaic component frame and the mounting hole on the beam to mount the photovoltaic component on the tripod.

[0014] As another embodiment of the present application, the spray device includes a water tank, a water pump and a nozzle connected to the water pump, and the nozzle is supported above the photovoltaic module through a hard pipe connected to the water pump.

[0015] As another embodiment of the present application, the temperature control device includes an electric heating rod disposed at the bottom of the test water tank.

[0016] The present invention also provides a method for testing the wet insulation performance of a photovoltaic module, comprising the following steps:

[0017] Install the photovoltaic module to be tested on the test bracket;

[0018] Fixing a thermocouple on the surface of the photovoltaic module to collect the temperature of the photovoltaic module;

[0019] Connecting the positive and negative electrodes of a DC voltage-stabilized and current-stabilized power supply to the positive and negative electrodes of the photovoltaic module to heat the photovoltaic module;

[0020] Inputting a current value of 1 times or more of the working current into the photovoltaic module so that the temperature of the photovoltaic module is maintained at ±2°C of its nominal working temperature;

[0021] Turn on the spray device and spray the back of the photovoltaic module with room temperature water with a resistivity of no more than 3500 Ω·cm for 20±5 min;

[0022] Turn the photovoltaic module 180° and spray the front side of the photovoltaic module for 30±5 min;

[0023] After the spraying of the front and back sides of the photovoltaic module is completed, the current stops supplying power;

[0024] The positive pole of the insulation tester is connected to the positive and negative connectors of the photovoltaic module, and the negative pole of the insulation tester is connected to the grounding point of the photovoltaic module;

[0025] Apply a voltage of 1 times or more of the maximum system voltage to the photovoltaic module for 10±5 minutes, and record the insulation resistance value;

[0026] Insulation test result = insulation resistance value × photovoltaic module area;

[0027] Adjust the water pressure of the sprinkler to simulate the natural rain state, repeat the test steps, and obtain the insulation test results under different water spray volumes.

[0028] The photovoltaic module insulation test device and test method provided by the present invention have the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the photovoltaic module insulation test device of the present invention uses a spray device to simulate natural rainwater, so that the environment around the photovoltaic module is more realistically close to the natural environment, effectively simulates the insulation performance of the photovoltaic module when working in a rainy state, improves the accuracy of the tested insulation resistance, and is of great help to the material selection, process optimization and finished product quality of the photovoltaic module. The present invention is simple to operate and is conducive to ensuring and improving the safety performance of the photovoltaic module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module insulation testing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2A schematic diagram of the structure of a test bracket for a photovoltaic module insulation test device provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a test bracket for a photovoltaic module insulation test device provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0033] Figure 4 for Figure 2 and Figure 3 A view in the figure.

[0034] In the figure: 1. Insulation tester; 2. DC voltage and current regulated power supply; 3. Test water tank; 4. Test platform; 5. Test bracket; 51. Pressure block; 52. Crossbeam; 53. Inclined beam; 54. Articulated seat; 55. Bottom beam; 56. Column; 6. Spraying device; 61. Hard pipe; 7. Photovoltaic module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0036] Please also read Figures 1 to 3 , the photovoltaic module insulation test device provided by the present invention is now described. The photovoltaic module insulation test device includes a test water tank 3, a test platform 4, a test bracket 5, an insulation tester 1 and a spray device 6. The test water tank 3 is provided with a temperature control device for adjusting the water temperature. The test water tank 3 is made of insulating material, or the inner wall of the test water tank 3 is made of insulating material; the test platform 4 is arranged in the test water tank 3; the test bracket 5 is supported on the test platform 4 and is used to fix the photovoltaic module 7 to be tested; the insulation tester 1 is located outside the test water tank 3 and is used to test the insulation resistance value of the photovoltaic module 7; the spray device 6 is located above the photovoltaic module 7 and is used to simulate the natural rain state and spray water to the photovoltaic module 7.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the photovoltaic module insulation test device provided by the present invention utilizes the spray device 6 to simulate natural rainwater, so that the surrounding environment of the photovoltaic module 7 is more realistically close to the natural environment, and effectively simulates the insulation performance of the photovoltaic module 7 when working in the rainy state, which is of great help to the material selection, process optimization and finished product quality of the photovoltaic module 7. The present invention is simple to operate and is conducive to ensuring and improving the safety performance of the photovoltaic module 7.

[0038] In this embodiment, the test platform 4 can be made of a metal plate or an insulating material.

[0039] As a specific implementation of the photovoltaic module insulation test device provided by the present invention, please refer to Figures 2 to 3 The test bracket 5 includes: two tripods and two crossbeams 52. The two tripods are supported in parallel on the test platform 4. The tripods include a bottom beam 55, an inclined beam 53 and a column 56 connected in sequence from head to tail; two crossbeams 52 are connected in parallel to the two inclined beams 53 corresponding to the two tripods, and the crossbeam 52 connects the two tripods into one; the photovoltaic module 7 is fixed on the crossbeam 52 by a clamping member. The photovoltaic module 7 is tilted and fixed by the tripod and the crossbeam 52 to match the angle of the photovoltaic module 7 installed outdoors, so as to truly simulate the installation angle and position of the photovoltaic module 7 and improve the accuracy of the test insulation resistance result.

[0040] As a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 The tripod is a height-adjustable structure, wherein the bottom beam 55 is hinged to the inclined beam 53 through a hinge, the inclined beam 53 is hinged to the column 56 through a hinge, and the column 56 is hinged to the bottom beam 55 through a hinge; by adjusting the hinge position of the column 56 and the bottom beam 55, the inclination angle of the inclined beam 53 is increased or decreased to adjust the placement angle of the photovoltaic module 7. With a height-adjustable tripod, the height of the tripod can be adjusted at any time according to the different installation angles of the photovoltaic module 7, which is conducive to ensuring the accuracy of the test results of the photovoltaic module 7.

[0041] In this embodiment, the hinged member includes a hinge seat 54 and a hinge shaft, and one of the two parts connected to the hinge seat 54 is fixedly connected to the hinge seat 54 by bolts, and the other part is rotatably connected to the hinge seat 54 by the hinge shaft or bolts. For example, the hinge seat 54 is fixedly connected to the cross beam 52 by bolts, and the lower end of the inclined beam 53 is rotatably connected to the hinge seat 54 by bolts; the upper end of the inclined beam 53 is fixedly connected to the hinge seat 54 by bolts, and the upper end of the column 56 is rotatably connected to the hinge seat 54 by bolts; similarly, the lower end of the column 56 is rotatably connected to the hinge seat 54, and the hinge seat 54 at this location is fixedly connected to the cross beam 52 by bolts. When the height of the tripod needs to be adjusted, the fixing bolt at the position of the column 56 is opened, and the column 56 is moved to the right, the angle between the column 56 and the inclined beam 53 increases, the height of the triangle decreases, and the inclination angle of the inclined beam 53 decreases; when the column 56 is moved to the left, the angle between the column 56 and the inclined beam 53 decreases, the height of the triangle increases, and the inclination angle of the inclined beam 53 increases.

[0042] As a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, the crossbeam 52 is a telescopic structure with adjustable length, and the length of the crossbeam 52 can be adjusted to adapt to the test installation of the photovoltaic modules 7 of different widths. Specifically, a plurality of mounting holes are provided on the crossbeam, and the crossbeam is divided into two sections, and the two sections of the crossbeam are overlapped. The length of the entire crossbeam can be adjusted by the length of the overlap, and the overlap can be fixed with bolts.

[0043] In this embodiment, see Figure 3 The height-adjustable tripod can also be a telescopic structure of the column 56, and the height of the tripod can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the column 56. The adjustment structure of the column 56 is the same as the adjustment structure principle of the beam.

[0044] As a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figures 2 to 4 The tripod and the crossbeam are both made of steel, and the steel is evenly provided with a plurality of mounting holes along the length direction. The plurality of mounting holes are provided to facilitate fixing, installation and adjustment.

[0045] As a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figures 2 to 4 , the steel section is any one of channel steel, I-beam or angle steel.

[0046] As a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figures 1 to 3 The clamping member includes a clamping block 51 with a through hole and bolts for fastening. The bolts pass through the through hole of the clamping block 51, the through hole of the frame of the photovoltaic component 7 and the mounting hole on the beam to mount the photovoltaic component 7 on the tripod.

[0047] As a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figure 1 The spray device 6 includes a water tank, a water pump and a nozzle connected to the water pump, and the nozzle is supported above the photovoltaic module 7 through a hard pipe 61 connected to the water pump. The hard pipe 61 can be a PVC pipe or a metal pipe, such as a stainless steel pipe. The water tank and the water pump are conventional technologies and are not shown in the figure. A control valve is provided on the hard pipe 61, and different levels of rainfall are provided to the photovoltaic module 7 by adjusting the control valve.

[0048] As a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figure 1 The temperature control device includes an electric heating rod disposed at the bottom of the test water tank 3. The electric heating rod is a U-shaped heating rod, and the temperature of the water in the test water tank 3 is controlled by controlling the current of the electric heating rod. The temperature control device for water temperature control, the electric heating rod is also a conventional device for heating water temperature, which is a well-known technology in the art and is not shown here.

[0049] The present invention also provides a method for testing the wet insulation performance of a photovoltaic module, see Figure 1 , including the following steps:

[0050] Step 1: Install the photovoltaic module 7 to be tested on the test bracket 5; at the same time or first, adjust the water temperature in the test water tank 3 to room temperature -30°C; the specific water temperature can be adjusted to 22±2°C;

[0051] Step 2: fixing a thermocouple on the surface of the photovoltaic module 7 to collect the temperature of the photovoltaic module 7;

[0052] Step three, connecting the positive and negative electrodes of the DC voltage and current regulated power supply 2 to the positive and negative electrodes of the photovoltaic assembly 7 to heat the photovoltaic assembly 7;

[0053] Step 4: inputting a current value of 1 times or more of the working current of the photovoltaic module 7 to keep the temperature of the photovoltaic module 7 at ±2°C of the nominal working temperature;

[0054] Step 5, turn on the spray device 6, and spray the back of the photovoltaic module 7 with water at room temperature having a resistivity of no more than 3500 Ω / cm for 20±5 minutes;

[0055] Step 6, flip the photovoltaic module 7 180 degrees, and spray the front side of the photovoltaic module 7 for 30±5 minutes;

[0056] Step 7, after the front and back sides of the photovoltaic module 7 are sprayed, the current stops supplying power;

[0057] Step 8, the positive pole of the insulation tester 1 is connected to the positive and negative connectors of the photovoltaic module 7, and the negative pole of the insulation tester 1 is connected to the grounding point of the photovoltaic module 7;

[0058] Step nine, applying a voltage value of 1 times or more of the maximum system voltage to the photovoltaic module 7 for 10±5 minutes, and recording the insulation resistance value; the maximum system voltage is the maximum voltage that can be applied when the photovoltaic module 7 is applied to a device or a system, and the insulation tester 1 is used to test the insulation performance of the module, and can provide a pressure value of 500V or higher than the maximum system voltage of the photovoltaic module 7;

[0059] Step 10, insulation test result = insulation resistance value × area of ​​PV module 7;

[0060] Step eleven, adjusting the water pressure of the spray device 6 to simulate different levels of rainfall in nature, repeating the test steps, and obtaining insulation test results under different water spraying amounts.

[0061] The present invention allows the photovoltaic module 7 to be sprayed with rainwater at the operating temperature and tests its insulation resistance, which can more realistically reflect the insulation condition of the photovoltaic module 7 in the natural environment. In addition, by simulating different levels of rainfall, different insulation resistance values ​​are obtained, which is of great help to the material selection, process optimization and finished product quality of the photovoltaic module 7, and is conducive to ensuring and improving the safety performance of the photovoltaic module 7.

[0062] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for testing the wet insulation performance of a photovoltaic module, using a photovoltaic module insulation testing device, characterized in that: The test method comprises the following steps: Install the photovoltaic module to be tested on the test bracket; Fixing a thermocouple on the surface of the photovoltaic module to collect the temperature of the photovoltaic module; Connecting the positive and negative electrodes of a DC voltage-stabilized and current-stabilized power supply to the positive and negative electrodes of the photovoltaic module to heat the photovoltaic module; Inputting a current value of 1 times or more of the working current into the photovoltaic module so that the temperature of the photovoltaic module is maintained at ±2°C of its nominal working temperature; Turn on the spray device and spray the back of the photovoltaic module with water at room temperature having a resistivity of no more than 3500 Ω / cm for 20±5 min; Turn the photovoltaic module 180° and spray the front side of the photovoltaic module for 30±5 min; After the spraying of the front and back sides of the photovoltaic module is completed, the current stops supplying power; The positive pole of the insulation tester is connected to the positive and negative connectors of the photovoltaic module, and the negative pole of the insulation tester is connected to the grounding point of the photovoltaic module; Apply a voltage of 1 times or more of the maximum system voltage to the photovoltaic module for 10±5 minutes, and record the insulation resistance value; Insulation test result = insulation resistance value × photovoltaic module area; Adjust the water pressure of the sprinkler to simulate the natural rain state, repeat the test steps, and obtain the insulation test results under different water spraying volumes; The photovoltaic module insulation testing device comprises: A test water tank, wherein a temperature control device for adjusting the water temperature is provided in the test water tank, and the inner wall of the test water tank is made of insulating material; A test platform, arranged in the test water tank; A test bracket, supported on the test platform, for fixing the photovoltaic module to be tested; An insulation tester, located outside the test water tank, for testing the insulation resistance value of the photovoltaic module; The spray device is located above the photovoltaic module and is used to simulate the natural rain state to spray water to the photovoltaic module.

2. The method for testing the wet insulation performance of a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test bracket comprises: Two tripods, the two tripods are supported in parallel on the test platform, and the tripods include a bottom beam, an inclined beam and a column connected in sequence end to end; Two cross beams are connected in parallel to the two oblique beams corresponding to the two tripods, and the cross beams connect the two tripods into one; the photovoltaic components are fixed on the cross beams through a clamping piece.

3. The method for testing the wet insulation performance of a photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tripod is a height-adjustable structure, wherein the bottom beam and the oblique beam are hinged via a hinge, the oblique beam and the column are hinged via a hinge, and the column and the bottom beam are hinged via a hinge; by adjusting the hinge position of the column and the bottom beam, the inclination angle of the oblique beam is increased or decreased to adjust the placement angle of the photovoltaic module.

4. The method for testing the wet insulation performance of a photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The crossbeam is a telescopic structure with adjustable length, and the test installation of photovoltaic modules of different widths can be adapted by adjusting the length of the crossbeam.

5. The method for testing the wet insulation performance of a photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tripod and the crossbeam are both made of section steel, and the section steel is evenly provided with a plurality of mounting holes along the length direction.

6. The method for testing the wet insulation performance of a photovoltaic module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The steel section is any one of channel steel, I-beam or angle steel.

7. The method for testing the wet insulation performance of a photovoltaic module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The clamping member includes a clamping block with a through hole and bolts for fastening. The bolts pass through the through hole of the clamping block, the through hole of the photovoltaic component frame and the mounting hole on the beam to mount the photovoltaic component on the tripod.

8. The method for testing the wet insulation performance of a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray device comprises a water tank, a water pump and a spray head connected to the water pump. The spray head is supported above the photovoltaic module through a hard pipe connected to the water pump.

9. The method for testing the wet insulation performance of a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature control device comprises an electric heating rod arranged at the bottom of the test water tank.

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