Hemi-hip replacement prosthesis and surgical tools

Abstract

The present invention provides a replacement prosthesis for a hemi-hip joint and a surgical tool, the replacement prosthesis for the hemi-hip joint comprising: a main body having an insertion end and a repair end arranged opposite to each other, the insertion end of the main body being inserted into the femoral head, the main body having a porous structure; a joint layer being arranged at the repair end of the main body, the end surface of the joint layer away from the main body being a curved surface; and a guide structure being arranged at the insertion end of the main body. The technical solution provided by the present application can solve the problem that the prior art cannot effectively treat mid-term femoral head necrosis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of prostheses, and in particular to a hemi-hip joint replacement prosthesis and a surgical tool. Background Art

[0002] Femoral head necrosis is a disease caused by the interruption of blood supply to the femoral head, which leads to bone necrosis and self-repair, resulting in changes in the structure of the femoral head, collapse of the femoral head, destruction of cartilage, and ultimately hip pain and movement disorders. Among them, femoral head necrosis is divided into three types: early, middle and late stages. Early femoral head necrosis can be treated through core decompression, aiming to preserve the patient's femoral head and delay the time of joint replacement.

[0003] This method of core decompression is not effective for mid-term femoral head necrosis. If left untreated, 80% of patients will subsequently develop osteoarthritis and deep collapse of the joint surface, which will reach an intolerable late stage and require hip replacement. However, hip replacement surgery will remove more healthy bone tissue and all healthy cartilage while dealing with local collapse, which will cause extensive damage to the joint surface. In addition, once the artificial joint is worn and loose, it may require secondary or even multiple joint revision surgeries, which will bring more pressure and pain to the patient.

[0004] Therefore, the existing technology has the problem of being unable to effectively treat mid-term femoral head necrosis. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a hemi-hip replacement prosthesis and a surgical tool to solve the problem that the prior art cannot effectively treat mid-term femoral head necrosis.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, a hemi-hip joint replacement prosthesis is provided, which includes: a main body, having an insertion end and a repair end relatively arranged, the insertion end of the main body being inserted into the femoral head, and the main body having a porous structure; a joint layer, arranged at the repair end of the main body, the end surface of the joint layer away from the main body being a curved surface; and a guide structure, arranged at the insertion end of the main body.

[0007] Furthermore, the hemi-hip joint replacement prosthesis also includes an anti-rotation structure, which is arranged on the main body.

[0008] Furthermore, the anti-rotation structure includes at least two ribs, which are spaced apart on the outer wall of the main body, and extend in a direction from the insertion end of the main body to the repair end of the main body, and the height of the rib is between 0.5 mm and 2 mm.

[0009] Furthermore, the main body is a conical structure, the outer diameter of the main body gradually decreases in the direction away from the joint layer, and the taper of the main body is between 35° and 85°.

[0010] Furthermore, the joint layer is made of a wear-resistant metal material or the outer surface of the joint layer has a wear-resistant coating.

[0011] Furthermore, the guide structure includes a guide post and a conical head, both of which are coaxially arranged with the main body, the sum of the length dimensions of the guide post and the conical head is between 3mm and 6mm, and the conical head gradually shrinks in the direction away from the joint layer.

[0012] According to another aspect of the present invention, a surgical tool is provided, which is used to implant the above-mentioned hemi-hip joint replacement prosthesis into a human body, and the surgical tool comprises: a positioning depth finder, comprising a positioning portion and a guiding portion arranged on the positioning portion, the guiding portion having a first through hole, the positioning portion being capable of cooperating with the femoral head so that the axis of the first through hole coincides with the axis of the femoral head; a guide pin, which is detachably coupled to the first through hole, and scale lines are arranged on the guide pin and the guiding portion; a tool, which has a second through hole, the second through hole being coaxially arranged with the tool, the guide pin is detachably coupled to the second through hole, and the outer dimensions of the drilling end of the tool are adapted to the outer dimensions of the hemi-hip joint replacement prosthesis.

[0013] Furthermore, the positioning portion includes a support member and a plurality of legs, wherein the plurality of legs are arranged on the support member at intervals along the circumference of the support member, and one end of the legs away from the support member cooperates with the femoral head, and at least part of the legs can move relative to the support member.

[0014] Furthermore, the support member has a mounting hole, the guide portion is movably inserted into the mounting hole, a plurality of legs are arranged around the outer periphery of the mounting hole, and limiting protrusions are provided at both ends of the guide portion, and the projection of the limiting protrusion on the positioning portion is located outside the mounting hole.

[0015] Furthermore, a first notch is provided on the outer wall of the guide portion, the first notch is connected to the first through hole, a second notch is provided on the outer wall of the tool, the second notch is connected to the second through hole, and the scale line of the guide needle can be exposed from the first notch and the second notch.

[0016] Furthermore, the surgical tool also includes a trial mold, the outer dimensions of the trial mold are the same as the outer dimensions of the replacement prosthesis of the hemi-hip joint, and the trial mold is detachably connected to the guide part.

[0017] By applying the technical solution of the present invention, the replacement prosthesis of the hemi-hip joint includes a main body, a joint layer and a guide structure. The insertion end of the main body is inserted into the femoral head, and the main body has a porous structure, which is conducive to the fusion of the femoral head and the main body. Among them, the joint layer is arranged at the repair end of the main body, and the end face of the joint layer away from the main body is a curved surface. The guide structure is arranged at the insertion end of the main body. In the process of inserting the main body into the femoral head, the guide structure can play a guiding role. With the above structure, when the patient is in the middle stage of femoral head necrosis, only the necrotic femoral head can be removed, and healthy bone tissue and cartilage can be retained. After the replacement prosthesis of the hemi-hip joint is implanted into the human body, the replacement prosthesis can replace the removed femoral head. Since the end face of the joint layer away from the main body is a curved surface, the curved surface can be adapted to the bone tissue and cartilage around it, and finally the effect of effectively treating the middle stage of femoral head necrosis is achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a hemi-hip joint replacement prosthesis provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0020] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a hemi-hip joint replacement prosthesis provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0021] Figure 3 Shows Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the joint layer in FIG.

[0022] Figure 4 Shows Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the main body and guide structure in FIG.

[0023] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a positioning depth finder for a surgical tool provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0024] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of a positioning depth finder of a surgical tool provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0025] Figure 7 Shows Figure 5 A top view of the positioning portion in FIG.

[0026] Figure 8 Shows Figure 5 Axonometric view of the positioning portion in FIG.

[0027] Fig. 9A schematic diagram showing the cooperation and positioning of a positioning depth finder of a surgical tool provided in an embodiment of the present invention and a femoral head;

[0028] Fig.10 A schematic diagram showing a surgical tool provided in an embodiment of the present invention for introducing a guide pin into a femoral head is shown;

[0029] Fig.11 A schematic structural diagram of a cutter of a surgical tool provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0030] Fig.12 A cross-sectional view of a cutter of a surgical tool provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0031] Fig.13 A schematic diagram showing a cutter of a surgical tool provided by an embodiment of the present invention drilling into a femoral head along a guide pin;

[0032] Fig.14 Shows Fig.13 Sectional view at AA in the middle;

[0033] Fig.15 A schematic diagram of assembling a positioning depth finder and a trial mold of a surgical tool provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0034] Fig.16 A cross-sectional view of a positioning depth finder and a trial mold of a surgical tool provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0035] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0036] 10. Main body; 11. First mounting groove; 20. Joint layer; 21. Main body; 22. Mounting column; 23. Second mounting groove; 30. Guide structure; 31. Guide column; 32. Conical head; 40. Anti-rotation structure; 41. Protruding rib; 50. Positioning depth sounder; 51. Positioning part; 511. Support member; 5111. Mounting hole; 512. Support foot; 52. Guide part; 521. Limiting convex part; 522. First notch; 53. First through hole; 60. Guide pin; 70. Cutting tool; 71. Second through hole; 72. Second notch; 80. Trial mold. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a replacement prosthesis for a hemi-hip joint, which includes a main body 10, a joint layer 20 and a guide structure 30. Among them, the main body 10 has an insertion end and a repair end that are relatively arranged, the joint layer 20 is arranged at the repair end of the main body 10, and the guide structure 30 is arranged at the insertion end of the main body 10. Specifically, the insertion end of the main body 10 is inserted into the femoral head. Since the main body 10 has a porous structure, after the main body 10 is inserted into the femoral head, the porous structure is conducive to the growth of the femoral head, thereby improving the fusion effect. The end surface of the joint layer 20 away from the main body 10 is a curved surface, which is convenient for smooth transition with the retained healthy bone tissue and cartilage to ensure the integrity of the patient's femoral head. Among them, the porous structure on the main body is a trabecular porous structure using 3D printing, which has excellent bone integration function and physiological bone self-healing function, and reconstructs the expected effect of excellent bone and joint function, with a pore diameter of 0.3 to 1 mm and a porosity of 50 to 80%.

[0039] By using the replacement prosthesis of the hemi-hip joint provided in this embodiment, when the patient is in the middle stage of femoral head necrosis, only the necrotic femoral head can be removed, and healthy bone tissue and cartilage can be retained. When the replacement prosthesis is implanted into the human body, the guide structure 30 located at the insertion end of the main body can play a positioning and guiding role. After the replacement prosthesis is inserted into the human body, the main body 10 with a porous structure is convenient for the femoral head to grow in, so as to ensure the fusion effect. In addition, the curved surface of the joint layer 20 facilitates the smooth transition between the joint layer 20 and the retained healthy bone tissue and cartilage located at its periphery, which can ensure the implantation effect, thereby achieving the effect of effectively treating the middle stage femoral head necrosis.

[0040] In this embodiment, the replacement prosthesis of the hemi-hip joint further includes an anti-rotation structure 40, which is disposed on the main body 10. During and after the replacement prosthesis is inserted into the femoral head, the anti-rotation structure 40 can prevent the replacement prosthesis from rotating, thereby improving the assembly accuracy and the firmness of the replacement prosthesis in the patient's femoral head.

[0041] like Figure 1As shown, the anti-rotation structure 40 includes at least two convex ribs 41, and at least two convex ribs 41 are arranged at intervals on the outer wall of the main body 10, and the convex ribs 41 can play an anti-rotation role. Among them, the role of setting at least two convex ribs 41 is that in the process of inserting the replacement prosthesis into the femoral head, at least two convex ribs 41 can ensure that the replacement prosthesis is inserted in a predetermined direction. If only one convex rib is set on the outer wall of the main body, the main body may be offset during the insertion process, and the assembly accuracy cannot be guaranteed. In this embodiment, the convex rib 41 extends in the direction from the insertion end of the main body 10 to the repair end of the main body 10, and the height dimension of the convex rib 41 is between 0.5mm and 2mm. Specifically, the height dimension of the convex rib refers to the height dimension of the convex rib protruding from the outer wall of the main body. Among them, the height dimension of the convex rib can be set to 1mm, 1.5mm. Among them, the number of convex ribs is between 2 and 8, so that it can achieve anti-rotation and facilitate processing.

[0042] In this embodiment, the main body 10 is a conical structure, and the outer diameter of the main body 10 gradually decreases in the direction away from the joint layer 20, so as to facilitate the insertion of the main body into the femoral head. The taper of the main body 10 is between 35° and 85°. Specifically, the taper of the main body can be set to 40°, 50°, 60°, 70°, 80° and any other value between 35° and 85°.

[0043] The joint layer 20 is made of a wear-resistant metal material or has a wear-resistant coating on its outer surface. Specifically, the joint layer 20 includes the following three structures:

[0044] The first type: the joint layer is made of hard and wear-resistant materials such as cobalt, chromium, and molybdenum (such as cobalt, chromium, and molybdenum), with a high-polished surface. It is connected to the main body through a cone or a thread, and the main body is a titanium alloy material with a porous structure; the second type: both the joint layer and the main body are made of titanium alloy materials, processed by one-piece 3D printing, and the outer surface of the joint layer has a wear-resistant coating; the third type: both the joint layer and the main body are made of hard and wear-resistant materials such as cobalt, chromium, and molybdenum, processed by one-piece 3D printing, and there is no wear-resistant coating on the surface of the joint layer.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the guide structure 30 includes a guide post 31 and a conical head 32. The guide post 31 and the conical head 32 are both coaxially arranged with the main body 10. The conical head 32 gradually shrinks in the direction away from the joint layer 20. In the process of inserting the main body into the femoral head, the conical head and the guide post cooperate to play a positioning and guiding role. The sum of the length dimensions of the guide post 31 and the conical head 32 is between 3mm and 6mm. Specifically, the sum of the length dimensions of the guide post 31 and the conical head 32 can be set to 4mm, 5mm and any other value between 3mm and 6mm.

[0046] like Figures 2 to 4As shown, in this embodiment, the joint layer 20 includes a body 21 and a mounting post 22, and the mounting post is arranged on the body. A first mounting groove 11 is arranged on the body 10, and the mounting post 22 is inserted into the first mounting groove 11. Specifically, the mounting post and the first mounting groove can be connected by a cone connection or a threaded connection, as long as a stable connection can be achieved.

[0047] Specifically, a second mounting groove 23 is provided on the side of the body 21 facing the main body 10, and an end of the main body 10 away from the guide structure 30 is inserted into the second mounting groove 23. The main body 10 cooperates with the second mounting groove 23 and the mounting column 22 cooperates with the first mounting groove 11, so that the joint layer 20 can be firmly assembled on the main body 10. In this embodiment, the second mounting groove 23 is an annular groove.

[0048] like Figures 5 to 16 As shown, another embodiment of the present invention provides a surgical tool, which is used to implant the replacement prosthesis of the hemi-hip joint provided above into a human body, and the surgical tool includes a positioning depth finder 50, a guide pin 60 and a cutter 70. Wherein, the positioning depth finder 50 includes a positioning portion 51 and a guide portion 52 arranged on the positioning portion 51, and the guide portion 52 has a first through hole 53. The positioning portion 51 can cooperate with the femoral head so that the axis of the first through hole 53 coincides with the axis of the femoral head, so as to facilitate the use of the guide pin and the cutter to remove the necrotic part of the patient's femoral head. Specifically, the guide pin 60 is detachably matched with the first through hole 53. After the axis of the first through hole is coincident with the axis of the femoral head using the positioning depth finder, the guide pin is inserted into the first through hole, and then inserted into the femoral head through the first through hole. Wherein, both the guide pin 60 and the guide portion 52 are provided with scale lines, so as to facilitate recording the depth of the guide pin inserted into the femoral head. Specifically, the tool 70 has a second through hole 71, which is coaxially arranged with the tool 70, and the guide pin 60 is detachably matched with the second through hole 71. After the guide pin is inserted into the femoral head, the positioning depth finder is removed, and then the tool is sleeved on the guide pin through the second through hole, and then the tool is moved along the guide pin to remove the necrotic part of the femoral head. The outer dimensions of the drilling end of the tool 70 are adapted to the outer dimensions of the replacement prosthesis of the hemi-hip joint, and the recess drilled by the tool on the femoral head can ensure the smooth implantation of the replacement prosthesis.

[0049] The surgical tool provided in this embodiment is used to first use the positioning depth gauge for positioning, then insert the guide pin into the femoral head through the first through hole of the positioning depth gauge, then remove the positioning depth gauge from the guide pin, and then sleeve the tool on the guide pin through the second through hole, and use the guide pin to position and guide the tool to remove the necrotic part of the femoral head of the patient. The surgical tool is used to facilitate the implantation of the above-mentioned hemi-hip replacement prosthesis into the human body, and the implantation accuracy can be guaranteed.

[0050] like Figures 5 to 9 As shown, the positioning portion 51 includes a support member 511 and a plurality of legs 512, wherein the plurality of legs 512 are arranged on the support member 511 at intervals along the circumference of the support member 511, and one end of the legs 512 away from the support member 511 cooperates with the femoral head. When positioning is performed using a positioning depth finder, the guide portion 52 is first fitted with the femoral head, and then the plurality of legs 512 are all fitted with the femoral head to complete the positioning. Among them, at least part of the legs 512 can move relative to the support member 511, so that it is convenient to use the legs to cooperate with the femoral head. In the present embodiment, the positioning portion 51 includes four legs, wherein two legs on one diagonal are fixedly connected to the support member, and two legs on another diagonal can move relative to the support member 511. Specifically, the legs can move relative to the support member along the axial direction of the guide portion.

[0051] In other embodiments, the legs can be fixedly set on the support member. Taking the example of four legs fixedly set on the support member, when the femoral head is a perfect sphere, the positioning depth finder is placed on the femoral head, and the positioning can be completed by ensuring that the legs of the locator are in contact with the femoral head at the same time. When the femoral head is an ellipsoid, the positioning depth finder is placed on the femoral head, the legs on the two diagonals are in contact with the femoral head, and the other two legs are at an equal distance from the femoral head to complete the positioning. In addition, if the femoral head is a perfect sphere, the number of legs can be adjusted according to the use requirements, for example, three, five, six, eight or other numbers of legs can be set, as long as positioning can be achieved.

[0052] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the support member 511 has a mounting hole 5111, the guide portion 52 is movably inserted into the mounting hole 5111, and a plurality of legs 512 are arranged around the outer periphery of the mounting hole 5111. Both ends of the guide portion 52 are provided with limiting protrusions 521, and the projection of the limiting protrusions 521 on the positioning portion 51 is located outside the mounting hole 5111. By providing the limiting protrusions, the position of the guide portion in the mounting hole can be limited to prevent the guide portion from falling off from the mounting hole. Among them, the limiting protrusions include limiting bosses arranged on the outer wall of the guide portion, and the shape of the limiting bosses is not limited as long as the guide portion can be limited. In this embodiment, both ends of the guide portion are provided with annular bosses.

[0053] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the support member is an annular support member, and a notch is provided on one side of the annular support member, and the notch is used to facilitate operations such as reading.

[0054] In order to ensure the accuracy of the insertion depth of the guide needle, a first notch 522 is provided on the outer wall of the guide portion 52, and the first notch 522 is connected to the first through hole 53. A second notch 72 is provided on the outer wall of the cutter 70, and the second notch 72 is connected to the second through hole 71. The scale line of the guide needle 60 can be exposed from the first notch 522 and the second notch 72. In this embodiment, the first notch is provided on the limiting boss on the top of the guide portion, and the second notch is provided in the middle of the cutter.

[0055] like Fig.15 and Fig.16 As shown, the surgical tool also includes a trial mold 80, the outer dimensions of which are the same as those of the replacement prosthesis of the hemi-hip joint, and the trial mold 80 is detachably connected to the guide portion 52, and the legs on the positioning portion abut against the outer wall of the trial mold. In this embodiment, an external thread is provided on the outer wall of the limiting boss at the lower end of the guide portion, and an internal thread is provided on the top of the trial mold, and the trial mold is threadedly connected to the guide portion. The trial mold is made by machining, and the portion below the internal thread is exactly the same as the replacement prosthesis.

[0056] Specifically, the trial mold is equivalent to a substitute for the replacement prosthesis, because the replacement prosthesis is sterile packaged and has a variety of sizes. Once the package is opened, the sterilization state is destroyed and the replacement prosthesis has to be discarded. Therefore, for medical devices, the prosthesis package cannot be opened before a replacement prosthesis of a specific size is determined. Therefore, it is necessary to use the trial mold instead of the replacement prosthesis for trial installation to determine which replacement prosthesis to choose and whether the replacement prosthesis is suitable for implantation.

[0057] In this embodiment, the tool is a reamer. The surgical tool also includes a prosthesis perspective film and a vernier caliper.

[0058] The device provided in this embodiment is used as follows:

[0059] (1) First, take an X-ray, then call the prosthesis template, compare the prosthesis template with the X-ray before surgery, and select the appropriate prosthesis;

[0060] (2) During surgery, measure the ball head diameter with a vernier caliper, cross-measure multiple times, and determine the maximum and minimum values ​​of the ball head diameter;

[0061] (3) placing the positioning depth finder on the femoral head and positioning it by using the positioning part and the guiding part to cooperate with each other;

[0062] (4) inserting the guide needle into the femoral head through the first through hole of the positioning depth finder to introduce the guide needle;

[0063] (5) Then remove the positioning depth gauge from the guide pin and drill the reamer into the femoral head along the guide pin;

[0064] (6) Install the test mold;

[0065] (7) Finally, the prosthesis is installed.

[0066] When the guide needle is introduced, the guide needle is stopped when the scale corresponding to the scale line = A + H, where A is 0 to 10 mm and H is the sum of the heights of the main body and the joint layer. A represents the distance between the scale on the guide needle and the scale line of the depth finder, and the ideal situation is 0, that is, it is hoped that the two scales coincide, thereby marking the depth of the guide needle implantation. However, the guide needle needs to be hammered into the femoral head, and it cannot be guaranteed that the two lines coincide, so A is used to record it, that is, in the future, A will be used to compensate for the difference between the scale lines, thereby providing the reamer with an accurate processing depth.

[0067] The device provided in this embodiment can effectively improve the stress environment of the femoral head lesion area in the early stage of femoral head disease, resist the rapid stress collapse caused by the lesion area, and make full use of the excellent bone integration function and physiological bone self-healing function of the 3D printed trabecular porous structure to reconstruct the expected effect of excellent bone and joint function.

[0068] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0069] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps described in these embodiments, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, method and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant field may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, method and equipment should be regarded as a part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0070] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. The directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0071] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0072] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0073] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A surgical tool, characterized in that: The surgical tool is used to implant a hemi-hip joint replacement prosthesis into a human body. The hemi-hip joint replacement prosthesis comprises a main body (10), a joint layer (20), a guide structure (30) and an anti-rotation structure (40). The anti-rotation structure (40) is arranged on the main body (10). The main body (10) has an insertion end and a repair end that are arranged opposite to each other. The insertion end of the main body (10) is inserted into the femoral head. The main body (10) has a porous structure. The joint layer (20) is arranged at the repair end of the main body (10). The end surface of the joint layer (20) away from the main body (10) is a curved surface. The guide structure (30) is arranged at the insertion end of the main body (10). The main body (10) is a conical structure. The outer diameter of the main body (10) gradually decreases in a direction away from the joint layer (20). The surgical tool comprises: A positioning depth finder (50), comprising a positioning portion (51) and a guide portion (52) disposed on the positioning portion (51), the guide portion (52) having a first through hole (53), and the positioning portion (51) being capable of cooperating with a femoral head so that an axis of the first through hole (53) coincides with an axis of the femoral head; A guide needle (60) is detachably engaged with the first through hole (53), and scale lines are provided on both the guide needle (60) and the guide portion (52); The tool (70) has a second through hole (71), the second through hole (71) and the tool (70) are coaxially arranged, the guide pin (60) is detachably matched with the second through hole (71), and the outer dimensions of the drilling end of the tool (70) are compatible with the outer dimensions of the replacement prosthesis of the hemi-hip joint; The positioning portion (51) comprises a support member (511) and a plurality of legs (512), wherein the plurality of legs (512) are arranged on the support member (511) at intervals along the circumference of the support member (511), and one end of the leg (512) away from the support member (511) cooperates with the femoral head, and at least part of the leg (512) is movable relative to the support member (511), and the support member (511) has a mounting hole (5111), and the guide portion (52) is movably inserted into the mounting hole (5111), and the plurality of legs (512) are arranged around the outer periphery of the mounting hole (5111), and both ends of the guide portion (52) are provided with limiting protrusions (521), and the projection of the limiting protrusion (521) on the positioning portion (51) is located outside the mounting hole (5111).

2. The surgical tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first notch (522) is provided on the outer wall of the guide portion (52), the first notch (522) being connected to the first through hole (53); a second notch (72) is provided on the outer wall of the cutter (70), the second notch (72) being connected to the second through hole (71); and the scale line of the guide needle (60) can be exposed from the first notch (522) and the second notch (72).

3. The surgical tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surgical tool further comprises a trial mold (80), the outer dimensions of the trial mold (80) being the same as the outer dimensions of the replacement prosthesis of the hemi-hip joint, and the trial mold (80) being detachably connected to the guide portion (52).

4. The surgical tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-rotation structure (40) comprises at least two convex ribs (41), the at least two convex ribs (41) being arranged at intervals on the outer wall of the main body (10), the convex ribs (41) extending in a direction from the insertion end of the main body (10) to the repair end of the main body (10), and the height dimension of the convex ribs (41) being between 0.5 mm and 2 mm.

5. The surgical tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The taper of the main body (10) is between 35° and 85°.

6. The surgical tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The joint layer (20) is made of a wear-resistant metal material or the outer surface of the joint layer (20) has a wear-resistant coating.

7. The surgical tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide structure (30) comprises a guide column (31) and a conical head (32); the guide column (31) and the conical head (32) are both coaxially arranged with the main body (10); the sum of the lengths of the guide column (31) and the conical head (32) is between 3 mm and 6 mm; and the conical head (32) gradually shrinks in a direction away from the joint layer (20).

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