A pile head waterproof structure and its construction method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a pile head waterproof structure and its construction method. By first laying a waterproof coiled material and then pouring a post-cast pile head, the waterproof coiled material and the post-cast pile head form an integral body, and a buffer rod is arranged at the end of the post-cast pile head, so that the waterproof coiled material can settle together with the settlement of the post-cast pile head, and the waterproof coiled material will not be torn due to the force caused by the settlement of the pile head, ensuring the integrity and reliability of waterproofing. The settlement sealing strip adopts a special structure. Under the extrusion of the post-cast pile head, the internal sealant is continuously extruded, sealing the waterproof coiled material, the foundation pile head and the post-cast pile head. And with the settlement of the building, the extrusion pressure of the post-cast pile head becomes larger, and more internal sealant of the settlement sealing strip is extruded, making the waterproof coiled material and the pile head more tightly sealed and the waterproofing more reliable, thus forming a virtuous cycle. The pile head waterproof structure and its construction method provided by the present invention are applicable to pile heads of various different models and shapes such as cast-in-place piles, precast piles, and hollow piles, with great practicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building waterproofing, and particularly to a pile head waterproof structure and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The basement is an important part of buildings in our country. With the development of society and the increasing density of cities, the utilization of basement projects such as underground civil air defense, underground shopping malls, underground warehouses, and underground parking lots is becoming more and more extensive. The depth and number of basements are also continuously increasing and expanding. The common leakage problem of basements has always been a pain point in the quality of basement projects, seriously affecting the quality of basement and its superstructure projects, and bringing great inconvenience to the normal use, management, and maintenance of basements.

[0003] There are many reasons for the leakage of basements. Among them, the key and crucial one is the leakage problem at the pile head part of the basement. For the leakage problem at the pile head part of the basement, many solutions have been proposed: For example, the invention patent with the publication number CN104975617B provides a construction method for waterproofing the pile head of a basement foundation cast-in-place pile, which has both rigid waterproofing and flexible waterproofing, integrating the waterproofing of the foundation cap and the waterproofing between the cap and the pile head to prevent leakage points at the pile head. The invention patent with the publication number CN106759308B provides a construction method for waterproofing the pile head of a precast hollow pile, and waterproof treatment is carried out on the inner and outer side walls and the pile head of the hollow pile, achieving a good waterproof effect through three-step waterproof treatment. The invention patent with the publication number CN109372027A provides a waterproof structure and construction technology for the pile head of a precast pile, using a new type of MBP coil waterproof material with strong anti-seepage ability and high tensile strength, which can be closely bonded to the concrete structure poured on it without water seepage, and the construction is convenient and fast, and the waterproof quality can be effectively guaranteed. And the invention patents with the publication numbers CN208763074U, CN207959291U, and CN205475361U all relate to pile head waterproof treatment technology, but they all fail to solve the problem of waterproof failure at the pile head caused by building settlement.

[0004] The main reason for the leakage at the basement pile head is the waterproof failure at the pile head caused by building settlement, which is caused by the infiltration of groundwater. At present, building settlement is inevitable. Therefore, how to ensure the waterproof effect at the pile head during the building settlement process is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pile head waterproof structure and a construction method thereof for the above-mentioned deficiencies of the existing technology, which can effectively solve the leakage problem at the basement pile head.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are:

[0007] In a first aspect, a pile head waterproof structure is provided, including a basic pile head, the lower part of the basic pile head is buried in the base soil layer, a concrete cushion layer is provided on the base soil layer, a waterproof layer is laid on the concrete cushion layer, the top end of the basic pile head is higher than the waterproof layer, a post-cast pile head is provided on the upper surface of the basic pile head, the diameter of the post-cast pile head is larger than that of the basic pile head, and a settlement sealing strip is provided between the post-cast pile head and the waterproof layer, and the settlement sealing strip is in contact with the side surface of the basic pile head, the upper surface of the waterproof layer and the lower surface of the post-cast pile head respectively.

[0008] A further technical solution is that the settlement sealing strip includes a sealant, an inner film coated outside the sealant, a mesh film coated outside the inner film, and an outer isolation film coated outside the mesh film. Mesh holes are provided on the mesh film, and an adhesive layer is further provided between the mesh film and the outer isolation film, and the adhesive layer is partially coated outside the mesh film.

[0009] A further technical solution is that the sealant is one or more of asphalt-based sealant, silicone building sealant, polyurethane building sealant, acrylate building sealant, polysulfide building sealant; the inner film is a low-strength polymer film, and under a certain external pressure, the internal sealant can break through the inner film 6-2; the mesh film is a high-strength polymer material, which plays a role of a support framework in the settlement sealing strip to keep the settlement sealing strip in a certain shape. There are many mesh holes on the mesh film through which the sealant can be extruded, and an adhesive layer is provided at the bottom of the mesh film for bonding and fixing the settlement sealing strip; the outer isolation film is a silicone-coated isolation film that can be peeled off from the adhesive layer and the sealant, and plays a role of protecting and isolating the settlement sealing strip.

[0010] Optionally, an annular groove is provided in the concrete cushion layer around the basic pile head, the annular groove extends to the side surface of the basic pile head, a buffer rod is provided at the upper edge of the annular groove, the buffer rod is located below the waterproof layer, the post-cast pile head is located in the annular groove, the top surface of the post-cast pile head is flush with or higher than the annular groove, and the side surface of the post-cast pile head is closely attached to the waterproof layer on the side wall of the annular groove.

[0011] A further technical solution is that a chamfer is provided at the upper edge of the annular groove, and the buffer rod is provided at the chamfer.

[0012] A further technical solution is that the buffer rod is a semi-circular PE foam rod.

[0013] Optionally, an annular groove is provided in the concrete cushion layer around the basic pile head, the annular groove is spaced from the basic pile head, a buffer rod is provided in the annular groove, the buffer rod is located above the waterproof layer, the post-cast pile head extends above the annular groove, and the lower surface of the post-cast pile head is in contact with the buffer rod.

[0014] A further technical solution is that the buffer rod is a circular PE foam rod.

[0015] A further technical solution is that the upper surface of the basic pile head, the upper surface of the post-cast pile head, and the side surface higher than the annular groove are coated with waterproof paint.

[0016] A further technical solution is that steel bars (10) are provided in the pile body of the basic pile head, the steel bars (10) extend out of the top of the post-cast pile head, and a water-swellable waterstop strip is provided at the contact between the steel bars (3) extending out of the top of the post-cast pile head and the post-cast pile head.

[0017] A further technical solution is that the waterproof layer is a waterproof coiled material.

[0018] A further technical solution is that the number of layers of the waterproof layer is one or two, and the laying method is pre-laying and reverse sticking or empty laying or spot sticking or full sticking.

[0019] In the second aspect, a construction method of the above-mentioned pile head waterproof structure is provided, including the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: Lay a concrete cushion around the basic pile head;

[0021] Step 2: Chisel out an annular groove in the concrete cushion around the basic pile head, and the annular groove extends to the side surface of the basic pile head;

[0022] Step 3: Chisel the basic pile head to the design elevation. After chiseling is completed, apply waterproof paint on the basic pile head, and place a buffer rod at the upper edge of the annular groove;

[0023] Step 4: Lay a waterproof layer on the concrete cushion, and the waterproof layer is located above the buffer rod;

[0024] Step 5: Tear off the outer isolation film of the settlement seal strip, and bond the settlement seal strip to the upper surface of the end of the waterproof layer close to the basic pile head through the self-adhesive layer, and at the same time closely adhere to the side surface of the basic pile head;

[0025] Step 6: Pour a post-cast pile head on the basic pile head. The top surface of the post-cast pile head is flush with or higher than the annular groove. The side surface of the post-cast pile head is closely attached to the waterproof layer on the side wall of the annular groove. Clean the upper surface and side surface of the post-cast pile head, apply waterproof paint, and then wrap a water-swellable waterstop strip around the root of the steel bar extending out of the top of the post-cast pile head. Preferably, after chiseling out the annular groove in Step 2, chamfer the upper edge of the annular groove with an oblique side length of 20-100 mm, and pour or repair the bottom and side surfaces of the annular groove with C15 or C20 fine aggregate concrete. In Step 3, the buffer rod is placed at the chamfer.

[0026] Optionally, the construction method of the above pile head waterproof structure includes the following steps:

[0027] Step 1: Lay a concrete cushion around the foundation pile head;

[0028] Step 2: Chisel out an annular groove in the concrete cushion around the foundation pile head, with a gap between the annular groove and the foundation pile head;

[0029] Step 3: Chisel the foundation pile head to the design elevation. After chiseling, apply a waterproof coating on the foundation pile head;

[0030] Step 4: Lay a waterproof layer on the concrete cushion, and place a buffer rod on the waterproof layer at the annular groove;

[0031] Step 5: Tear off the outer isolation film of the settlement sealing strip, and bond the settlement sealing strip to the upper surface of the end of the waterproof layer close to the foundation pile head through the self-adhesive layer, and at the same time closely adhere to the side surface of the foundation pile head;

[0032] Step 6: Pour a post-cast pile head on the foundation pile head. The lower surface of the post-cast pile head contacts the buffer rod. Clean the upper surface and side surface of the post-cast pile head, apply a waterproof coating, and then wrap a water-swellable waterstop strip around the root of the steel bar extending out of the top of the post-cast pile head.

[0033] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solutions are as follows:

[0034] 1. In the present invention, by first laying a waterproof coil and then pouring a post-cast pile head, the waterproof coil and the post-cast pile head form an integral body, and a buffer rod is arranged at the end of the post-cast pile head, so that the waterproof coil can settle together with the settlement of the post-cast pile head, and the waterproof coil will not be torn due to the force caused by the settlement of the pile head, ensuring the integrity and reliability of waterproofing.

[0035] 2. The settlement sealing strip of the present invention adopts a special structure. Under the extrusion of the post-cast pile head, the internal sealant is continuously extruded, sealing the waterproof coil, the foundation pile head and the post-cast pile head. And with the settlement of the building, the extrusion pressure of the post-cast pile head becomes larger, and more internal sealant of the settlement sealing strip is extruded, making the waterproof coil and the pile head more tightly sealed and the waterproofing more reliable, thus forming a virtuous cycle.

[0036] 3. The pile head waterproof structure and its construction method provided by the present invention are applicable to pile heads of various different models and shapes such as cast-in-place piles, precast piles, and hollow piles, with great practicability.

[0037] 4. The present invention simplifies the waterproof construction and reduces the influence of personnel construction on the waterproof quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the pile head waterproof structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 is Figure 1 an enlarged view of part A in

[0040] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the pile head waterproof structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the pile head waterproof structure of Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the settlement sealing strip;

[0043] Figure 6 It is a schematic structure diagram of the settlement sealing strip after tearing off the outer isolation film;

[0044] Figure 7 It is a developed view of the mesh of the settlement sealing strip.

[0045] In the figure: 1, basic pile head; 2, base soil layer; 3, concrete cushion; 4, waterproof layer; 5, post-cast pile head; 6, settlement sealing strip; 6-1, sealant; 6-2, inner film; 6-3, mesh; 6-4, self-adhesive layer; 6-5, outer isolation film; 6-6, mesh holes; 6-7, strip-shaped hole-free area; 7, annular groove; 8, buffer rod; 9, waterproof coating; 10, steel bars; 11, water-swellable waterstop strip. Detailed implementation manners

[0046] The following further describes the implementation manners of the present invention in detail in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0047] A pile head waterproof structure includes a basic pile head 1, the lower part of the basic pile head 1 is buried in the base soil layer 2, a concrete cushion 3 is provided on the base soil layer 2, a waterproof layer 4 is laid on the concrete cushion 3, the top end of the basic pile head 1 is higher than the waterproof layer 4, a post-cast pile head 5 is provided on the upper surface of the basic pile head 1, the diameter of the post-cast pile head 5 is larger than that of the basic pile head 1, a settlement sealing strip 6 is provided between the post-cast pile head 5 and the waterproof layer 4, the settlement sealing strip 6 is in contact with the side surface of the basic pile head 1, the upper surface of the waterproof layer 4 and the lower surface of the post-cast pile head 5 respectively, the upper surface of the basic pile head 1, the upper surface of the post-cast pile head 5 and the side surface higher than the annular groove 7 are coated with a waterproof coating 9, and the waterproof coating 9 is a permeable crystalline waterproof coating. Steel bars 10 are provided in the pile body of the basic pile head 1, the steel bars 10 extend out of the top of the post-cast pile head 5, and a water-swellable waterstop strip 11 is provided at the contact position between the steel bars 10 extending out of the top of the post-cast pile head 5 and the post-cast pile head 5.

[0048] The settlement sealing strip 6 includes a sealant 6-1, an inner film 6-2 covering the outside of the sealant 6-1, a mesh 6-3 covering the outside of the inner film 6-2, and an outer isolation film 6-5 covering the outside of the mesh 6-3. Mesh holes 6-6 are formed in the mesh 6-3. An adhesive layer 6-4 is further provided between the mesh 6-3 and the outer isolation film 6-5, and the adhesive layer 6-4 partially covers the outside of the mesh 6-3.

[0049] Preferably, a strip-shaped hole-free area 6-7 is provided along the length direction on the mesh 6-3, and the adhesive layer 6-4 is arranged in the strip-shaped hole-free area 6-7.

[0050] The sealant 6-1 is one or more of asphalt-based sealants, silicone building sealants, polyurethane building sealants, acrylate building sealants, and polysulfide building sealants; the inner film 6-2 is a low-strength polymer film, and under a certain external pressure, the internal sealant 6-1 can break through the inner film 6-2; the mesh 6-3 is a high-strength polymer material, which plays a role of a support framework in the settlement sealing strip, enabling the settlement sealing strip to maintain a certain shape. There are many mesh holes 6-6 on the mesh through which the sealant 6-1 can be extruded. The adhesive layer 6-4 is used to bond and fix the settlement sealing strip 6; the outer isolation film 6-5 is a silicone-coated isolation film that can be peeled off from the adhesive layer 6-4 and the sealant 6-1, and serves to protect and isolate the settlement sealing strip 6.

[0051] The waterproof layer 4 is a waterproof coiled material. The number of layers of the waterproof layer 4 is one or two, and the laying method is pre-laying and reverse sticking or empty laying or spot sticking or full sticking.

[0052] Optionally, an annular groove 7 is provided in the concrete cushion layer 3 around the foundation pile head 1. The annular groove 7 extends to the side surface of the foundation pile head 1. A buffer rod 8 is provided at the upper edge of the annular groove 7. The buffer rod 8 is located below the waterproof layer 4. The post-cast pile head 5 is located in the annular groove 7. The top surface of the post-cast pile head 5 is flush with or higher than the annular groove 7. The side surface of the post-cast pile head 5 is closely attached to the waterproof layer 4 on the side wall of the annular groove 7. Preferably, a chamfer is provided at the upper edge of the annular groove 7, and the buffer rod 8 is arranged at the chamfer. The buffer rod 8 is a semi-circular PE foam rod.

[0053] The construction method of the above-mentioned pile head waterproof structure includes the following steps:

[0054] Step 1: Lay a concrete cushion layer 3 around the foundation pile head 1;

[0055] Step 2: Chisel out an annular groove 7 in the concrete cushion layer 3 around the foundation pile head 1. The annular groove 7 extends to the side surface of the foundation pile head 1;

[0056] Step 3: Chisel the basic pile head 1 to the design elevation, which is 20 - 100 mm higher than the upper surface of the bottom of the annular groove 7. After chiseling, apply a penetrating crystalline waterproof coating 9 on the basic pile head 1, and place a buffer rod 8 at the upper edge of the annular groove 7;

[0057] Step 4: Lay a waterproof layer 4 on the concrete cushion 3, and the waterproof layer 4 is located above the buffer rod 8;

[0058] Step 5: Tear off the outer isolation film 6-5 of the settlement sealing strip 6, and bond the settlement sealing strip 6 to the upper surface of the end of the waterproof layer 4 close to the basic pile head 1 through the self-adhesive layer 6-4, and at the same time closely adhere to the side of the basic pile head 1;

[0059] Step 6: Pour a post-cast pile head 5 on the basic pile head 1. The top surface of the post-cast pile head 5 is flush with or higher than the annular groove 7. The side surface of the post-cast pile head 5 is closely adhered to the waterproof layer 4 on the side wall of the annular groove 7. Clean the upper surface and the side surface of the post-cast pile head 5, apply a penetrating crystalline waterproof coating 9, and then wrap a water-swellable waterstop strip 11 around the root of the steel bar 10 extending out of the top of the post-cast pile head 5.

[0060] Preferably, after chiseling out the annular groove 7 in Step 2, chamfer the upper edge of the annular groove 7 with a bevel length of 20 - 100 mm, and pour or repair the bottom and side of the annular groove 7 flat with C15 or C20 fine aggregate concrete. In Step 3, the buffer rod 8 is a semi-circular PE foam rod and is placed at the chamfer.

[0061] Optionally, the concrete cushion 3 around the basic pile head 1 is provided with an annular groove 7. The annular groove 7 is arranged at intervals with the basic pile head 1. A buffer rod 8 is arranged in the annular groove 7. The buffer rod 8 is located above the waterproof layer 4. The post-cast pile head 5 extends above the annular groove 7, and the lower surface of the post-cast pile head 5 contacts the buffer rod 8. The buffer rod 8 is a circular PE foam rod.

[0062] The construction method of the above pile head waterproof structure includes the following steps:

[0063] Step 1: Lay a concrete cushion 3 around the basic pile head 1;

[0064] Step 2: Chisel out an annular groove 7 in the concrete cushion 3 around the basic pile head 1, and there is an interval between the annular groove 7 and the basic pile head 1;

[0065] Step 3: Chisel the basic pile head 1 to the design elevation, which is 20 - 100 mm higher than the concrete cushion. After chiseling, apply a penetrating crystalline waterproof coating 9 on the basic pile head 1;

[0066] Step 4: Lay a waterproof layer 4 on the concrete cushion 3, and place a buffer rod 8 on the upper surface of the waterproof layer 4 at the annular groove 7;

[0067] Step 5: Tear off the outer isolation film 6-5 of the settlement sealing strip 6, and bond the settlement sealing strip 6 to the upper surface of the end of the waterproof layer 4 close to the foundation pile head 1 through the self-adhesive layer 6-4, and at the same time closely adhere to the side surface of the foundation pile head 1;

[0068] Step 6: Pour a post-cast pile head 5 on the foundation pile head 1. The lower surface of the post-cast pile head 5 contacts the buffer rod 8. Clean the upper surface and side surface of the post-cast pile head 5, apply a penetrating crystalline waterproof coating 9, and then wrap a water-swellable waterstop strip 11 around the root of the steel bar 10 extending from the top of the post-cast pile head 5.

[0069] Example 1: As Figure 1 、 2 shown in FIGS. 5-7, a pile head waterproof structure includes a foundation pile head 1. The lower part of the foundation pile head 1 is buried in the base soil layer 2. A concrete cushion 3 is provided on the base soil layer 2. An annular groove 7 is provided in the concrete cushion 3 around the foundation pile head 1. The annular groove 7 extends to the side surface of the foundation pile head 1. A chamfer is provided at the upper edge of the annular groove 7, and a buffer rod 8 is provided at the chamfer. The buffer rod 8 is a semi-circular PE foam rod. A waterproof layer 4 is laid on the concrete cushion 3. The buffer rod 8 is located below the waterproof layer 4. The top of the foundation pile head 1 is higher than the waterproof layer 4 at the bottom surface of the annular groove 7. A post-cast pile head 5 is provided on the upper surface of the foundation pile head 1. The types of concrete, steel bars, etc. used for the post-cast pile head 5 are the same as those used for the foundation pile head 1. The post-cast pile head 5 extends 250 mm wider than the foundation pile head around. The post-cast pile head 5 is located in the annular groove 7. The top surface of the post-cast pile head 5 is flush with the annular groove 7. The side surface of the post-cast pile head 5 is closely adhered to the waterproof layer 4 on the side wall of the annular groove 7. A settlement sealing strip 6 is provided between the lower surface of the post-cast pile head 5 and the waterproof layer 4. The settlement sealing strip 6 contacts the side surface of the foundation pile head 1, the upper surface of the waterproof layer 4, and the lower surface of the post-cast pile head 5 respectively. The upper surface of the foundation pile head 1 and the upper surface of the post-cast pile head 5 are coated with a waterproof coating 9. The waterproof coating 9 is a penetrating crystalline waterproof coating. The thickness of the penetrating crystalline waterproof coating is 1 mm, and the dosage is 1.5 kg / m2. Steel bars 10 are provided in the pile body of the foundation pile head 1. The steel bars 10 extend from the top of the post-cast pile head 5. A water-swellable waterstop strip 11 is provided at the contact position between the steel bars 10 extending from the top of the post-cast pile head 5 and the post-cast pile head 5.

[0070] The settlement sealing strip 6 includes a sealant 6-1, an inner film 6-2 covering the outside of the sealant 6-1, a mesh 6-3 covering the outside of the inner film 6-2, and an outer isolation film 6-5 covering the outside of the mesh 6-3. Mesh holes 6-6 are formed in the mesh 6-3. An adhesive layer 6-4 is further provided between the mesh 6-3 and the outer isolation film 6-5, and the adhesive layer 6-4 partially covers the outside of the mesh 6-3.

[0071] Preferably, a strip-shaped hole-free area 6-7 is provided along the length direction on the mesh 6-3, and the adhesive layer 6-4 is arranged in the strip-shaped hole-free area 6-7.

[0072] The sealant 6-1 is one or more of asphalt-based sealants, silicone building sealants, polyurethane building sealants, acrylate building sealants, and polysulfide building sealants; the inner film 6-2 is a low-strength PET film, and under a certain external pressure, the internal sealant 6-1 can break through the inner film 6-2; the mesh 6-3 is a relatively high-strength PE film, which plays a role of a support framework in the settlement sealing strip to keep the settlement sealing strip in a certain shape. There are many mesh holes 6-6 on the mesh through which the sealant 6-1 can be extruded. The adhesive layer 6-4 is used to bond and fix the settlement sealing strip 6; the outer isolation film 6-5 is a silicone-coated isolation film that can be peeled off from the adhesive layer 6-4 and the sealant 6-1, and plays a role of protecting and isolating the settlement sealing strip 6.

[0073] The waterproof layer 4 is a waterproof coiled material, the number of layers of the waterproof layer 4 is one layer, and the laying method is pre-laying and reverse sticking or empty laying or spot sticking or full sticking.

[0074] The construction method of the above-mentioned pile head waterproof structure includes the following steps:

[0075] Step 1: Lay a concrete cushion 3 around the foundation pile head 1;

[0076] Step 2: Chisel out an annular groove 7 with a width of 250 mm and a depth of 450 mm in the concrete cushion 3 around the foundation pile head 1. The annular groove 7 extends to the side of the foundation pile head 1, and chamfer the upper edge of the annular groove 7 with a bevel length of 50 mm. Pour or repair the bottom and side of the annular groove 7 with C15 or C20 fine aggregate concrete to be flat;

[0077] Step 3: Chisel the foundation pile head 1 to be 20 mm higher than the upper surface of the bottom of the annular groove 7. After chiseling, apply a penetrating crystalline waterproof coating 9 on the foundation pile head 1, and place a semi-circular PE buffer rod with a diameter of 50 mm at the chamfer of the annular groove 7;

[0078] Step 4: Lay a waterproof coiled material on the concrete cushion 3, and the waterproof coiled material is located above the buffer rod 8;

[0079] Step 5: Tear off the outer isolation film 6-5 of the settlement sealing strip 6, and bond the settlement sealing strip 6 to the upper surface of the end of the waterproof coiled material near the foundation pile head 1 through the self-adhesive layer 6-4, and at the same time closely adhere to the side of the foundation pile head 1;

[0080] Step 6: Pour the post-cast pile head 5 above the foundation pile head 1 and within 250 mm from the end of the foundation pile head 1 (i.e., within the annular groove 7). The top surface of the post-cast pile head 5 is flush with the annular groove 7, and the side surface of the post-cast pile head 5 is closely adhered to the waterproof layer 4 on the side wall of the annular groove 7. Clean the upper surface of the post-cast pile head 5, apply 1 mm thick penetrating crystalline waterproof coating 9, and then wrap a water-swelling waterstop strip 11 around the root of the steel bar 10 protruding from the top of the post-cast pile head 5.

[0081] Example 2: As Figure 3 、 5 shown in Fig. -7, a pile head waterproof structure includes a foundation pile head 1. The lower part of the foundation pile head 1 is buried in the base soil layer 2. A concrete cushion 3 is provided on the base soil layer 2. An annular groove 7 is provided in the concrete cushion 3 around the foundation pile head 1. The annular groove 7 extends to the side of the foundation pile head 1. A chamfer is provided at the upper edge of the annular groove 7, and a buffer rod 8 is provided at the chamfer. The buffer rod 8 is a semi-circular PE foam rod. A waterproof layer 4 is laid on the concrete cushion 3. The buffer rod 8 is located below the waterproof layer 4. The top end of the foundation pile head 1 is higher than the waterproof layer 4 at the bottom surface of the annular groove 7. A post-cast pile head 5 is provided on the upper surface of the foundation pile head 1. The types of concrete, steel bars, etc. used for the post-cast pile head 5 are the same as those used for the foundation pile head 1. The post-cast pile head 5 extends 250 mm wider than the foundation pile head around. The post-cast pile head 5 is located within the annular groove 7. The top surface of the post-cast pile head 5 is higher than the annular groove 7. The side surface of the post-cast pile head 5 is closely adhered to the waterproof layer 4 on the side wall of the annular groove 7. A settlement sealing strip 6 is provided between the lower surface of the post-cast pile head 5 and the waterproof layer 4. The settlement sealing strip 6 is in contact with the side surface of the foundation pile head 1, the upper surface of the waterproof layer 4, and the lower surface of the post-cast pile head 5 respectively. The upper surface of the foundation pile head 1, the upper surface of the post-cast pile head 5, and the side surface higher than the annular groove 7 are coated with a waterproof coating 9. The waterproof coating 9 is a penetrating crystalline waterproof coating. The thickness of the penetrating crystalline waterproof coating is 1 mm, and the dosage is 1.5 kg / m2. Steel bars 10 are provided in the pile body of the foundation pile head 1. The steel bars 10 protrude from the top of the post-cast pile head 5. A water-swelling waterstop strip 11 is provided at the contact position between the steel bars 10 protruding from the top of the post-cast pile head 5 and the post-cast pile head 5.

[0082] The settlement sealing strip 6 includes a sealant 6-1, an inner film 6-2 covering the outside of the sealant 6-1, a mesh 6-3 covering the outside of the inner film 6-2, and an outer isolation film 6-5 covering the outside of the mesh 6-3. Mesh holes 6-6 are formed in the mesh 6-3. An adhesive layer 6-4 is further provided between the mesh 6-3 and the outer isolation film 6-5, and the adhesive layer 6-4 partially covers the outside of the mesh 6-3.

[0083] Preferably, a strip-shaped hole-free area 6-7 is provided along the length direction on the mesh 6-3, and the adhesive layer 6-4 is arranged in the strip-shaped hole-free area 6-7.

[0084] The sealant 6-1 is one or more of asphalt-based sealants, silicone building sealants, polyurethane building sealants, acrylate building sealants, polysulfide building sealants, etc.; the inner film 6-2 is a low-strength PET film, and under a certain external pressure, the internal sealant 6-1 can break through the inner film 6-2; the mesh 6-3 is a relatively high-strength PE film, which plays a role of a support framework in the settlement sealing strip, enabling the settlement sealing strip to maintain a certain shape. There are many mesh holes 6-6 on the mesh through which the sealant 6-1 can be extruded. The adhesive layer 6-4 is used to bond and fix the settlement sealing strip 6; the outer isolation film 6-5 is a silicone-coated isolation film that can be peeled off from the adhesive layer 6-4 and the sealant 6-1, and plays a role of protecting and isolating the settlement sealing strip 6.

[0085] The waterproof layer 4 is a waterproof coiled material. The number of layers of the waterproof layer 4 is one layer, and the laying method is pre-laying and reverse sticking or empty laying or spot sticking or full sticking.

[0086] The construction method of the above-mentioned pile head waterproof structure includes the following steps:

[0087] Step 1: Lay a concrete cushion 3 around the foundation pile head 1.

[0088] Step 2: Chisel out an annular groove 7 with a width of 250 mm and a depth of 300 mm in the concrete cushion 3 around the foundation pile head 1. The annular groove 7 extends to the side of the foundation pile head 1, and the upper edge of the annular groove 7 is polished into a chamfer with an inclined side length of 50 mm. The bottom and side of the annular groove 7 are poured or repaired flat with C15 or C20 fine aggregate concrete.

[0089] Step 3: Chisel the foundation pile head 1 to be 20 mm higher than the upper surface of the bottom of the annular groove 7. After chiseling, apply a penetrating crystalline waterproof coating 9 on the foundation pile head 1, and place a semi-circular PE buffer rod with a diameter of 50 mm at the chamfer of the annular groove 7.

[0090] Step 4: Lay a waterproof coiled material on the concrete cushion 3, and the waterproof coiled material is located above the buffer rod 8.

[0091] Step 5: Tear off the outer isolation film 6-5 of the settlement sealing strip 6, and bond the settlement sealing strip 6 to the upper surface of the end of the waterproof coiled material close to the foundation pile head 1 through the self-adhesive layer 6-4, and at the same time closely adhere to the side surface of the foundation pile head 1;

[0092] Step 6: Pour the post-cast pile head 5 above the waterproof coiled material within the range of 250 mm from the end of the foundation pile head 1 (i.e., within the annular groove 7). The top surface of the post-cast pile head 5 is higher than the annular groove 7. The side surface of the post-cast pile head 5 is closely adhered to the waterproof layer 4 on the side wall of the annular groove 7. Clean the upper surface and side surface of the post-cast pile head 5, apply a 1-mm-thick penetrant crystalline waterproof coating 9, and then wrap a water-swelling waterstop strip 11 around the root of the steel bar 10 extending from the top of the post-cast pile head 5.

[0093] Example 3: As Figures 4 - 7 shown, a pile head waterproof structure includes a foundation pile head 1. The lower part of the foundation pile head 1 is buried in the base soil layer 2. A concrete cushion 3 is provided on the base soil layer 2. An annular groove 7 is provided in the concrete cushion 3 around the foundation pile head 1. The annular groove 7 is arranged at intervals from the foundation pile head 1. A waterproof layer 4 is laid on the concrete cushion 3. A buffer rod 8 is provided in the annular groove 7. The buffer rod 8 is located above the waterproof layer 4. The top end of the foundation pile head 1 is higher than the waterproof layer 4. A post-cast pile head 5 is provided on the upper surface of the foundation pile head 1. The types of concrete, steel bars, etc. used for the post-cast pile head 5 are the same as those used for the foundation pile head 1. The post-cast pile head 5 extends 250 mm wider than the foundation pile head around. The post-cast pile head 5 extends above the annular groove 7. The lower surface of the post-cast pile head 5 contacts the buffer rod 8. The buffer rod 8 is a circular PE foam rod. A settlement sealing strip 6 is provided between the lower surface of the post-cast pile head 5 and the waterproof layer 4. The settlement sealing strip 6 contacts the side surface of the foundation pile head 1, the upper surface of the waterproof layer 4, and the lower surface of the post-cast pile head 5 respectively. The upper surface, upper surface and side surface of the foundation pile head 1 and the post-cast pile head 5 are coated with a waterproof coating 9. The waterproof coating 9 is a penetrant crystalline waterproof coating. The thickness of the penetrant crystalline waterproof coating is 1 mm and the dosage is 1.5 kg / m2. Steel bars 10 are provided in the pile body of the foundation pile head 1. The steel bars 10 extend from the top of the post-cast pile head 5. A water-swelling waterstop strip 11 is provided at the contact position between the steel bars 10 extending from the top of the post-cast pile head 5 and the post-cast pile head 5.

[0094] The settlement sealing strip 6 includes a sealant 6-1, an inner film 6-2 covering the sealant 6-1, a mesh film 6-3 covering the inner film 6-2, and an outer isolation film 6-5 covering the mesh film 6-3. Mesh holes 6-6 are formed in the mesh film 6-3. A self-adhesive layer 6-4 is further provided between the mesh film 6-3 and the outer isolation film 6-5. The self-adhesive layer 6-4 partially covers the mesh film 6-3.

[0095] Preferably, a strip-shaped hole-free area 6-7 is provided along the length direction on the mesh 6-3, and the self-adhesive layer 6-4 is arranged in this strip-shaped hole-free area 6-7.

[0096] The sealant 6-1 is one or more of asphalt-based sealants, silicone building sealants, polyurethane building sealants, acrylate building sealants, polysulfide building sealants; the inner film 6-2 is a low-strength PET film, and under a certain external pressure, the internal sealant 6-1 can break through the inner film 6-2; the mesh 6-3 is a relatively high-strength PE film, which plays a role of a support skeleton in the settlement sealing strip, so that the settlement sealing strip maintains a certain shape. There are many mesh holes 6-6 on the mesh through which the sealant 6-1 can be extruded. The self-adhesive layer 6-4 is used to bond and fix the settlement sealing strip 6; the outer isolation film 6-5 is a silicone-coated isolation film that can be peeled off from the self-adhesive layer 6-4 and the sealant 6-1, and plays a role of protecting and isolating the settlement sealing strip 6.

[0097] The waterproof layer 4 is a waterproof coiled material, the number of layers of the waterproof layer 4 is one layer, and the laying method is pre-laying and reverse sticking or empty laying or spot sticking or full sticking.

[0098] The construction method of the above-mentioned pile head waterproof structure includes the following steps:

[0099] Step 1: Lay a concrete cushion 3 around the foundation pile head 1;

[0100] Step 2: Chisel out an annular groove 7 with a depth of 30 mm and a width of 30 mm in the concrete cushion 3 around the foundation pile head 1. The annular groove 7 is 250 mm away from the foundation pile head;

[0101] Step 3: Chisel the foundation pile head 1 to be 20-100 mm higher than the concrete cushion. After chiseling, apply a penetrating crystalline waterproof coating 9 on the foundation pile head 1;

[0102] Step 4: Lay a waterproof coiled material on the concrete cushion 3, and place a 30-mm circular PE buffer rod on the waterproof coiled material at the annular groove 7;

[0103] Step 5: Tear off the outer isolation film 6-5 of the settlement sealing strip 6, and bond the settlement sealing strip 6 to the upper surface of the end of the waterproof coiled material close to the foundation pile head 1 through the self-adhesive layer 6-4, and at the same time close to the side surface of the foundation pile head 1;

[0104] Step 6: Pour a post-cast pile head 5 above the foundation pile head 1 and within 250 mm from the end of the foundation pile head 1. Clean the upper surface and side surface of the post-cast pile head 5, apply a 1-mm thick penetrating crystalline waterproof coating 9, and then wrap a water-swellable waterstop strip 11 around the root of the steel bar 10 protruding from the top of the post-cast pile head 5.

[0105] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pile head waterproof structure, comprising a foundation pile head (1), the lower part of the foundation pile head (1) is buried in the base soil layer (2), a concrete cushion layer (3) is provided on the base soil layer (2), and a waterproof layer (4) is laid on the concrete cushion layer (3). Characterized in that, The top end of the foundation pile head (1) is higher than the waterproof layer (4), a post-cast pile head (5) is provided on the upper surface of the foundation pile head (1), the diameter of the post-cast pile head (5) is larger than that of the foundation pile head (1), and a settlement sealing strip (6) is provided between the post-cast pile head (5) and the waterproof layer (4), and the settlement sealing strip (6) is in contact with the side surface of the foundation pile head (1), the upper surface of the waterproof layer (4), and the lower surface of the post-cast pile head (5) respectively; The settlement sealing strip (6) includes a sealant (6-1), an inner film (6-2) covering the sealant (6-1), a mesh film (6-3) covering the inner film (6-2), and an outer isolation film (6-5) covering the mesh film (6-3). Mesh holes (6-6) are provided on the mesh film (6-3), and an adhesive layer (6-4) is further provided between the mesh film (6-3) and the outer isolation film (6-5), and the adhesive layer (6-4) partially covers the mesh film (6-3); The sealant (6-1) is one or more of asphalt-based sealant, silicone building sealant, polyurethane building sealant, acrylate building sealant, polysulfide building sealant; The outer isolation film (6-5) is a silicone-coated isolation film that can be peeled off from the adhesive layer (6-4) and the sealant (6-1).

2. A pile head waterproof structure according to claim 1, Characterized in that, An annular groove (7) is provided in the concrete cushion layer (3) around the foundation pile head (1), the annular groove (7) extends to the side surface of the foundation pile head (1), a buffer rod (8) is provided at the upper edge of the annular groove (7), the buffer rod (8) is located below the waterproof layer (4), the post-cast pile head (5) is located in the annular groove (7), and the top surface of the post-cast pile head (5) is flush with or higher than the annular groove (7), and the side surface of the post-cast pile head (5) is in close contact with the waterproof layer (4) on the side wall of the annular groove (7).

3. A pile head waterproof structure according to claim 2, Characterized in that, The upper edge of the annular groove (7) is provided with a chamfer, and the buffer rod (8) is arranged at the chamfer.

4. A pile head waterproof structure according to claim 1, Characterized in that, An annular groove (7) is provided in the concrete cushion layer (3) around the foundation pile head (1), the annular groove (7) is arranged at intervals from the foundation pile head (1), a buffer rod (8) is provided in the annular groove (7), the buffer rod (8) is located above the waterproof layer (4), and the lower surface of the post-cast pile head (5) is in contact with the buffer rod (8).

5. A pile head waterproof structure according to claim 2, Characterized in that, The upper surface of the foundation pile head (1), the upper surface of the post-cast pile head (5), and the side surface higher than the annular groove (7) are coated with a waterproof coating (9).

6. A pile head waterproof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, steel bars (10) are provided in the pile body of the foundation pile head (1), the steel bars (10) extend out of the top of the post-cast pile head (5), and a water-swellable waterstop strip (11) is provided at the contact position between the steel bars (10) extending out of the top of the post-cast pile head (5) and the post-cast pile head (5).

7. A construction method of a pile head waterproof structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, it includes the following steps: Step 1: Lay a concrete cushion (3) around the foundation pile head (1); Step 2: Chisel out an annular groove (7) in the concrete cushion (3) around the foundation pile head (1), and the annular groove (7) extends to the side of the foundation pile head (1); Step 3: Chisel the foundation pile head (1) to the design elevation. After chiseling is completed, apply a waterproof coating (9) on the foundation pile head (1), and place a buffer rod (8) at the upper edge of the annular groove (7); Step 4: Lay a waterproof layer (4) on the concrete cushion (3), and the waterproof layer (4) is located above the buffer rod (8); Step 5: Tear off the outer isolation film (6-5) of the settlement sealing strip (6), and bond the settlement sealing strip (6) to the upper surface of the end of the waterproof layer (4) close to the foundation pile head (1) through the self-adhesive layer (6-4), and at the same time closely adhere to the side of the foundation pile head (1); Step 6: Pour a post-cast pile head (5) on the foundation pile head (1), the top surface of the post-cast pile head (5) is flush with or higher than the annular groove (7), the side surface of the post-cast pile head (5) is closely adhered to the waterproof layer (4) on the side wall of the annular groove (7), clean the upper surface and the side surface of the post-cast pile head (5), apply a waterproof coating (9), and then wrap a water-swellable waterstop strip (11) around the root of the steel bar (10) extending out of the top of the post-cast pile head (5).

8. A construction method of a pile head waterproof structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, it includes the following steps: Step 1: Lay a concrete cushion (3) around the foundation pile head (1); Step 2: Chisel out an annular groove (7) in the concrete cushion (3) around the foundation pile head (1), and there is a gap between the annular groove (7) and the foundation pile head (1); Step 3: Chisel the foundation pile head (1) to the design elevation. After chiseling is completed, apply a waterproof coating (9) on the foundation pile head (1); Step 4: Lay a waterproof layer (4) on the concrete cushion (3), and place a buffer rod (8) on the waterproof layer (4) at the annular groove (7); Step 5: Tear off the outer isolation film (6-5) of the settlement sealing strip (6), and bond the settlement sealing strip (6) to the upper surface of the end of the waterproof layer (4) close to the foundation pile head (1) through the self-adhesive layer (6-4), and at the same time closely adhere to the side of the foundation pile head (1); Step 6: Pour a post-cast pile head (5) on the foundation pile head (1), the lower surface of the post-cast pile head (5) contacts the buffer rod (8), clean the upper surface and the side surface of the post-cast pile head (5), apply a waterproof coating (9), and then wrap a water-swellable waterstop strip (11) around the root of the steel bar (10) extending out of the top of the post-cast pile head (5).

Images