Sandblasting-laser polishing composite system and method for removing rust or oxide layer over a large area

Abstract

The present invention relates to a sandblasting - laser polishing composite system and method for removing rust or oxide layer on a large area. The system includes a control module and a laser light source, a sandblasting barrel module and an air compressor module electrically connected to the control module; the laser light source is used to emit laser to the surface of the workpiece under the control of the control module for laser polishing of the workpiece surface; the sandblasting barrel module is used to store fine sand and provide fine sand under the control of the control module; the air compressor module is used to provide compressed gas under the control of the control module; the sandblasting barrel module includes a sandblasting switch arranged on its outlet pipeline, and the air compressor module includes a gas switch arranged on its outlet pipeline; the pipelines behind the sandblasting switch and the gas switch are combined into one path, and a sandblasting nozzle is arranged at the end of the combined pipeline. The present invention can fully remove rust or oxide layer on the surface of the workpiece on a large area and improve the smoothness of the workpiece surface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser polishing, and particularly relates to a sandblasting-laser polishing composite system and method for removing rust or oxide layer on a large area. Background Art

[0002] Sandblasting rust removal uses compressed air as power to form a high-speed jet beam to spray abrasive materials (garnet sand, copper ore sand, quartz sand, emery, iron sand, Hainan sand) onto the surface of the workpiece to be processed at a high speed, so that the appearance or shape of the outer surface of the workpiece surface changes. Laser cleaning technology refers to a cleaning method that uses high-frequency and high-energy laser pulses to irradiate the surface of the workpiece. The coating can instantaneously absorb the focused laser energy, causing physical and chemical change processes such as ablation, decomposition, ionization, degradation, melting, combustion, gasification, vibration, sputtering, expansion, contraction, explosion, peeling, and falling off on the surface oil stains, rust spots, or coatings, and effectively removing surface attachments or surface coatings at a high speed. Thus, short laser pulses will not damage the metal substrate under appropriate parameters.

[0003] Compared with the traditional sandblasting process, the main advantages of laser cleaning are no pollution, good surface smoothness, easy control, and no damage to the workpiece. However, the defects are also very obvious. Compared with the traditional sandblasting process, the efficiency of laser cleaning for rust removal and oxide layer removal is low. Limited by the development of pulsed lasers, at present, laser cleaning cannot remove thick rust or oxide layers. The traditional sandblasting process can effectively remove the rust layer and oxide layer on the workpiece surface, but it will cause the surface roughness value of the workpiece to be relatively high, generally reaching dozens of μm.

[0004] Polishing refers to a processing method that uses mechanical, chemical, or electrochemical actions to reduce the surface roughness of the workpiece to obtain a bright and flat surface. Laser polishing is carried out by using the interaction between the laser and the material surface, and it follows the general laws of the interaction between the laser and the material. At present, no solution for combining the traditional sandblasting process with the laser polishing process has been found in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the problems in the background art, the purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem of low defect detection sensitivity caused by rough surfaces and reduce the requirements for the roughness of the workpiece surface during the application of laser ultrasound.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A sandblasting-laser polishing composite system for removing rust or oxide layer on a large area, comprising a control module, a laser light source, a sandblasting bucket module, and an air compressor module that are electrically connected to the control module;

[0008] The laser light source is used to emit laser light to the surface of the workpiece under the control of the control module to perform laser polishing on the surface of the workpiece;

[0009] The sandblasting bucket module is used to store fine sand and provide fine sand under the control of the control module;

[0010] The air compressor module is used to provide compressed gas under the control of the control module;

[0011] The sandblasting bucket module includes a sandblasting switch arranged on its outlet pipeline, and the air compressor module includes a gas switch arranged on its outlet pipeline;

[0012] The rear pipelines of the sandblasting switch and the gas switch are combined into one path, and a sandblasting nozzle is arranged at the end of the combined pipeline.

[0013] In some embodiments, it further includes a pan-tilt camera electrically connected to the control module, which is used to take pictures of the workpiece surface and transmit the picture information to the control module for processing.

[0014] In some embodiments, it further includes a collimating focal length coupling lens group. The collimating focal length coupling lens group is directly opposite to the laser emission end of the laser light source and is used for collimating and focal length processing of the laser.

[0015] In some embodiments, it further includes a scanning galvanometer module. The incident light end of the scanning galvanometer module is directly opposite to the exit end of the collimating focal length coupling lens group, and the exit light end of the scanning galvanometer module is directly opposite to the surface of the workpiece; the scanning galvanometer module is used to adjust the position where the laser emitted by the laser light source is transmitted to the workpiece surface.

[0016] In some embodiments, flow control meters are arranged on both the sandblasting switch and the gas switch.

[0017] In some embodiments, when the laser light source performs laser polishing operations, it emits a laser pulse beam with a power of 50 - 500W, a pulse width of 100ns - 300ns, a repetition frequency of 100 - 500kHz, a spot diameter of 30μm - 80mm, and a wavelength of 1060 - 1080nm.

[0018] In some embodiments, the fine sand stored in the sandblasting bucket module is 8 - 14 mesh quartz sand; during sandblasting, the pressure of the compressed gas provided by the air compressor module is 0.6 - 0.8 Mpa; the angle between the sandblasting direction of the sandblasting nozzle and the workpiece surface does not exceed 70°; the distance between the sandblasting nozzle and the workpiece surface is 100 - 110mm.

[0019] A method for processing the surface of a workpiece using the above sandblasting - laser polishing composite system for large - area removal of rust or oxide layer includes the following steps:

[0020] S1, manually clean the dust and attachments on the workpiece surface;

[0021] S2. The pan-tilt camera acquires the image information of the workpiece surface and transmits the image information to the control module. The control module automatically sets the working parameters and working time of the sandblasting bucket module and the air compressor module according to the received image information, and then starts the sandblasting program. The control module controls the sandblasting bucket module and the air compressor module to work, and performs sandblasting treatment on the workpiece surface through the sandblasting nozzle until the preset sandblasting working time is reached.

[0022] S3. The pan-tilt camera acquires the image information of the workpiece surface after sandblasting treatment in step S2 and transmits it to the control module. The control module determines whether there is rust or / and oxide layer on the workpiece surface according to the received image information. If so, repeat step S2 until there is no rust or / and oxide layer on the workpiece surface, and then execute step S4; if not, directly execute step S4.

[0023] S4. The pan-tilt camera acquires the image information of the workpiece surface again and transmits it to the control module. The control module automatically sets the laser polishing parameters and working time according to the received image information, and then starts the laser polishing program. The control module controls the laser light source to emit laser to the workpiece surface to perform laser polishing treatment on the workpiece surface until the preset laser polishing working time is reached.

[0024] S5. The pan-tilt camera acquires the image information of the workpiece surface after laser polishing treatment in step S4 and transmits it to the control module. The control module determines whether the surface roughness of the workpiece is less than 1μm according to the received image information. If not, repeat step S4 until the surface roughness of the workpiece is less than 1μm; if so, the treatment of the workpiece is completed.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention at least include: The present invention provides a sandblasting-laser polishing composite system and method for removing rust or oxide layer on a large area. When facing workpieces with thick rust or oxide layer, the sandblasting process is used instead of laser cleaning or other processes for removal, which can achieve full removal of rust or oxide layer on a large area; and, to improve the smoothness of the workpiece surface, the laser polishing process is introduced, thereby improving the smoothness of the workpiece surface, which can improve the cleaning efficiency of the oxide layer or rust and ensure the optical precision of the workpiece surface.

[0026] The creative point of the present invention is: combining the traditional sandblasting process with the laser polishing process to jointly improve the smoothness of the rough workpiece surface. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Other objects and advantages of the present invention will be obvious and can help to have a comprehensive understanding of the present invention through the description of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings hereinafter.

[0028] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the sandblasting-laser polishing composite system for large-area removal of rust or oxide layer provided by the present invention.

[0029] Description of the reference numerals:

[0030] 1. Laser light source; 2. Sandblasting bucket module; 3. Air compressor module; 4. Sandblasting switch; 5. Gas switch; 6. Sandblasting nozzle; 7. Collimating focal length coupling lens group; 8. Scanning galvanometer module; 9. Pan-tilt camera; 10. Control module. Detailed implementation manners

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0032] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention shall have the ordinary meanings understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains.

[0033] Referring to Figure 1 , the present invention provides a sandblasting-laser polishing composite system for large-area removal of rust or oxide layer, including a control module 10 and a laser light source 1, a sandblasting bucket module 2 and an air compressor module 3 electrically connected to the control module 10. The bottom elliptical structure in the figure represents the workpiece to be processed; the laser light source 1 is used to emit laser to the surface of the workpiece under the control of the control module 10 for laser polishing of the workpiece surface; the sandblasting bucket module 2 is used to store fine sand and provide fine sand under the control of the control module 10; the air compressor module 3 is used to provide compressed gas under the control of the control module 10; the sandblasting bucket module 2 includes a sandblasting switch 4 arranged on its outlet pipeline, and the air compressor module 3 includes a gas switch 5 arranged on its outlet pipeline; the pipelines behind the sandblasting switch 4 and the gas switch 5 are combined into one path, and a sandblasting nozzle 6 is arranged at the end of the combined pipeline.

[0034] Preferably, the system further includes a pan-tilt camera 9 electrically connected to the control module 10, which is used to take pictures of the surface of the workpiece and transmit the picture information to the control module 10 for processing.

[0035] Preferably, the system further includes a collimating focal length coupling lens group 7, and the collimating focal length coupling lens group 7 faces the laser emission end of the laser light source 1 and is used for collimating and focal length processing of the laser.

[0036] Preferably, the system further includes a scanning galvanometer module 8. The light incident end of the scanning galvanometer module 8 faces the light emitting end of the collimating focal length coupling lens group 7, and the light emitting end of the scanning galvanometer module 8 faces the surface of the workpiece. The scanning galvanometer module 8 is used to adjust the position where the laser emitted by the laser light source 1 is transmitted to the surface of the workpiece.

[0037] Preferably, flow control meters are provided on both the sandblasting switch 4 and the gas switch 5.

[0038] The control module 10 may include a computer, an FGPA module, and various driving circuits. The computer is electrically connected to the FGPA module. The FPGA module controls the operations of the laser light source 1, the sandblasting bucket module 2 (including the sandblasting switch 4), the air compressor module 3 (including the gas switch 5), and the pan-tilt camera 9 through different driving circuits respectively.

[0039] In a specific embodiment, when the laser light source 1 performs laser polishing operations, it emits a laser pulse beam with a power of 50 - 500W, a pulse width of 100ns - 300ns, a repetition frequency of 100 - 500kHz, a spot diameter of 30μm - 80mm, and a wavelength of 1060 - 1080nm. The fine sand stored in the sandblasting bucket module 2 is 8 - 14 mesh quartz sand. During sandblasting, the pressure of the compressed gas provided by the air compressor module 3 is 0.6 - 0.8 Mpa. The angle between the sandblasting direction of the sandblasting nozzle 6 and the surface of the workpiece does not exceed 70°. The distance between the sandblasting nozzle 6 and the surface of the workpiece is 100 - 110mm.

[0040] On the other hand, the present invention provides a method for surface treatment of a workpiece using the above sandblasting - laser polishing composite system for large - area removal of rust or oxide layer, including the following steps:

[0041] S1, Manually clean the dust and attachments on the surface of the workpiece;

[0042] S2, Obtain the image information of the surface of the workpiece through the pan - tilt camera 9, and transmit the image information to the control module 10. The control module 10 automatically sets the working parameters and working time of the sandblasting bucket module 2 and the air compressor module 3 according to the received image information, and then starts the sandblasting program. The control module 10 controls the sandblasting bucket module 2 and the air compressor module 3 to work, and performs sandblasting treatment on the surface of the workpiece through the sandblasting nozzle 6 until the preset sandblasting treatment working time is reached;

[0043] S3, Obtain the image information of the surface of the workpiece after sandblasting treatment in step S2 through the pan - tilt camera 9 and transmit it to the control module 10. The control module 10 determines whether there is rust or / and oxide layer on the surface of the workpiece according to the received image information. If so, repeat step S2 until there is no rust or / and oxide layer on the surface of the workpiece, and then perform step S4; if not, directly perform step S4;

[0044] S4. Again, the image information of the workpiece surface is obtained by the pan-tilt camera 9 and transmitted to the control module 10. The control module 10 automatically sets the laser polishing parameters and working time according to the received image information, and then starts the laser polishing program. The control module 10 controls the laser light source 1 to emit laser to the workpiece surface for laser polishing treatment until the preset laser polishing working time is reached.

[0045] S5. The image information of the workpiece surface after laser polishing treatment in step S4 is obtained by the pan-tilt camera 9 and transmitted to the control module 10. The control module 10 judges whether the surface roughness of the workpiece is less than 1μm according to the received image information. If not, step S4 is repeated until the surface roughness of the workpiece is less than 1μm. If so, the treatment of the workpiece is completed.

[0046] It can be understood that when the control module 10 judges whether there is an oxide layer or / and rust on the workpiece surface and judges the surface roughness of the workpiece, the picture information can be compared with multiple pre-stored workpiece surface pictures in the computer database, and the judgment is made according to the comparison results.

[0047] In summary, the present invention provides a sandblasting-laser polishing composite system and method for removing rust or oxide layer on a large area. When facing workpieces with thick rust or oxide layer, the sandblasting process is used to replace laser cleaning or other processes for removal, which can achieve full removal of rust or oxide layer on a large area. Moreover, to improve the smoothness of the workpiece surface, the laser polishing process is introduced, thereby improving the smoothness of the workpiece surface, which can improve the cleaning efficiency of the oxide layer or rust and ensure the optical precision of the workpiece surface. The surface roughness of the workpiece can be controlled below 1μm, and a smooth workpiece surface can be obtained.

[0048] The above specific embodiments have further detailed the purpose, technical solution and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sandblasting-laser polishing composite system for removing rust or oxide layer on a large area, characterized in that, It includes a control module (10) and a laser light source (1), a sandblasting bucket module (2), and an air compressor module (3) that are electrically connected to the control module (10); The control module (10) includes a computer, an FGPA module, and a variety of drive circuits; The laser light source (1) is used to emit laser light to the surface of the workpiece under the control of the control module (10) to perform laser polishing on the surface of the workpiece; The sandblasting bucket module (2) is used to store fine sand and provide fine sand under the control of the control module (10); The air compressor module (3) is used to provide compressed gas under the control of the control module (10); The sandblasting bucket module (2) includes a sandblasting switch (4) provided on its outlet pipeline, and the air compressor module (3) includes a gas switch (5) provided on its outlet pipeline; The pipelines at the rear ends of the sandblasting switch (4) and the gas switch (5) are combined into one path, and a sandblasting nozzle (6) is provided at the end of the combined pipeline; It further includes a pan-tilt camera (9) electrically connected to the control module (10), and the pan-tilt camera (9) is used to capture an image of the surface of the workpiece and transmit the image information to the control module (10) for processing; For this sandblasting-laser polishing composite system for large-area removal of rust or oxide layer, the surface of the workpiece is processed through the following steps: S1, Manually clean the dust and attachments on the surface of the workpiece; S2, Obtain the image information of the surface of the workpiece through the pan-tilt camera (9) and transmit the image information to the control module (10). The control module (10) automatically sets the working parameters and working time of the sandblasting bucket module (2) and the air compressor module (3) according to the received image information, and then starts the sandblasting program. The control module (10) controls the sandblasting bucket module (2) and the air compressor module (3) to work, and performs sandblasting on the surface of the workpiece through the sandblasting nozzle (6) until the preset sandblasting working time is reached; S3, Obtain the image information of the surface of the workpiece after sandblasting in step S2 through the pan-tilt camera (9) and transmit it to the control module (10). The control module (10) judges whether there is rust or / and oxide layer on the surface of the workpiece according to the received image information. If so, repeat step S2 until there is no rust or / and oxide layer on the surface of the workpiece, and then perform step S4; if not, directly perform step S4; S4, Obtain the image information of the surface of the workpiece again through the pan-tilt camera (9) and transmit it to the control module (10). The control module (10) automatically sets the laser polishing parameters and working time according to the received image information, then starts the laser polishing program, and controls the laser light source (1) to emit laser light to the surface of the workpiece through the control module (10) to perform laser polishing on the surface of the workpiece until the preset laser polishing working time is reached; S5. The image information of the surface of the workpiece after laser polishing in step S4 is obtained by the pan-tilt camera (9) and transmitted to the control module (10). The control module (10) determines whether the surface roughness of the workpiece is less than 1 μm according to the received image information. If not, step S4 is repeated until the surface roughness of the workpiece is less than 1 μm. If so, the processing of the workpiece is completed.

2. The sandblasting-laser polishing composite system for large-area removal of rust or oxide layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a collimating focal length coupling lens group (7), and the collimating focal length coupling lens group (7) is directly opposite to the laser emitting end of the laser light source (1) and is used for collimating and focal length processing of the laser.

3. The sandblasting-laser polishing composite system for large-area removal of rust or oxide layer according to claim 2, wherein It further includes a scanning galvanometer module (8). The incident light end of the scanning galvanometer module (8) is directly opposite to the outgoing light end of the collimating focal length coupling lens group (7), and the outgoing light end of the scanning galvanometer module (8) is directly opposite to the surface of the workpiece. The scanning galvanometer module (8) is used to adjust the position where the laser emitted by the laser light source (1) is transmitted to the surface of the workpiece.

4. The sandblasting-laser polishing composite system for large-area removal of rust or oxide layer according to claim 3, characterized in that, Flow control meters are provided on both the sandblasting switch (4) and the gas switch (5).

5. The sandblasting-laser polishing composite system for large-area removal of rust or oxide layer according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the laser light source (1) performs laser polishing operations, it emits a laser pulse beam with a power of 50 - 500 W, a pulse width of 100 ns - 300 ns, a repetition frequency of 100 - 500 kHz, a spot diameter of 30 μm - 80 mm, and a wavelength of 1060 - 1080 nm.

6. The sandblasting-laser polishing composite system for large-area removal of rust or oxide layer according to claim 5, wherein, The fine sand stored in the sandblasting bucket module (2) uses 8 - 14 mesh quartz sand. During sandblasting, the pressure of the compressed gas provided by the air compressor module (3) is 0.6 - 0.8 Mpa. The angle between the sandblasting direction of the sandblasting nozzle (6) and the surface of the workpiece does not exceed 70°. The distance between the sandblasting nozzle (6) and the surface of the workpiece is 100 - 110 mm.

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