A centrifugal extractor with replaceable weir plate

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of centrifugal extraction technology, and specifically to a centrifugal extractor with a replaceable weir plate. The present invention includes a rotary drum, with a heavy phase weir plate arranged at the top of the rotary drum; the heavy phase weir plate is pressed and fixed to the top of the rotary drum by a liquid retaining plate; the heavy phase weir plate includes a base ring and an adjustment ring, and the base ring is clamped and fixed between the liquid retaining plate and the top surface of the rotary drum; the inner ring surface of the base ring is coaxially recessed with a positioning groove and / or a coaxially convex positioning convex ring, thereby forming a radial plug-in fit relationship with the matching convex ring and / or matching groove preset on the outer ring surface of the adjustment ring; the adjustment ring is a petal ring structure, formed by splicing arcs of various sizes that are connected end to end in sequence along the inner circumference of the base ring; the outer wall of the centrifugal extraction part is provided with an observation mirror for observing the position of the heavy phase weir plate and a hand hole for disassembling the adjustment ring. The present invention can achieve the purpose of rapid replacement of the heavy phase weir plate without disassembling the machine while ensuring high work efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of centrifugal extraction, in particular to a centrifugal extractor with a replaceable weir plate. Background Art

[0002] A centrifugal extractor is a high-efficiency liquid-liquid extraction device designed based on the principle of extraction and separation. It is suitable for systems with two immiscible liquid phases with a certain density difference. The two liquid phases enter the machine through two feed ports in the casing and are rapidly mixed by the rotation of the rotating drum. The impellers at the bottom of the drum and on the casing create a self-priming pump, generating suction that draws the mixed liquids into the bowl through channels at the bottom. The interior of the bowl serves as the separation zone. Under the influence of centrifugal force, the two mixed liquid phases gradually separate as they flow upward through the bowl: the heavy phase moves toward the bowl wall, while the light phase moves toward the central axis. An annular mixed phase forms between the heavy and light phases. The interface of this annular mixed phase is called the interfacial dimension. To ensure effective phase separation, weir plates are installed on both the heavy and light phases, allowing sufficient and controllable separation time. A specific mathematical relationship exists between the heavy and light phase weir plates, the interfacial dimension, and the densities of the heavy and light phases. After the material is fixed, the density of the light and heavy phases is fixed, leaving only the interaction between the heavy phase weir, light phase weir, and interface size. If the light and heavy phases are not clearly separated and are entrained with each other, it means that the interface size is inappropriate. When the material changes, the density and concentration of the light and heavy phases also change, requiring the heavy phase weir and light phase weirs equipped in the equipment structure to be adjusted to adapt to the material changes and obtain the best phase separation effect. In practice, the light phase weir is generally solidified to simplify the mathematical relationship between them, and only one parameter needs to be adjusted: the diameter of the heavy phase weir.

[0003] In current industrial applications, the heavy phase weir plate structure is mostly annular. Its size is theoretically calculated according to the material working conditions, and the inner ring size of the heavy phase weir plate is fixed. When the size of the heavy phase weir plate needs to be changed, the machine must be disassembled to remove the heavy phase weir plate. After that, the inner ring size of the heavy phase weir plate must be reprocessed (it can only be processed from a small diameter to a large diameter) or replaced (when a smaller inner ring diameter is required). This brings the following problems: First, the labor intensity of disassembling the machine is high, and frequent disassembly will also increase the wear of the equipment mating surfaces and the probability of damage to wearing parts; second, the heavy phase weir plate is made of metal material, generally stainless steel, and under special working conditions, it is made of corrosion-resistant special materials such as titanium and Hastelloy. The replacement cost is high and it is also wasteful. There is a heavy phase weir plate structure controlled by air pressure, which is rarely used in industry. The main reason is that pressure control is difficult, the gas phase weir plate is unstable, the interface size is easily fluctuated by air pressure changes, and the phase separation effect is difficult to control. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a centrifugal extractor with a replaceable weir plate having a reasonable structure and high cost performance, which can achieve the purpose of rapid replacement of the heavy phase weir plate without disassembling the machine on the basis of ensuring high working efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A centrifugal extractor with a replaceable weir plate comprises a centrifugal extraction section for allowing liquid medium to enter and perform centrifugal extraction operations, the centrifugal extraction section comprising a rotating drum, with a heavy phase weir plate arranged at the top of the rotating drum; the characterised in that: the heavy phase weir plate is pressed and fixed to the top of the rotating drum by a liquid retaining plate; the heavy phase weir plate comprises a base ring constituting an outer ring body and an adjusting ring constituting an inner ring body, the base ring being clamped and fixed between the liquid retaining plate and the top surface of the rotating drum; the inner ring surface of the base ring is coaxially provided with a positioning groove and / or a coaxially convex positioning convex ring, thereby forming a radial plug-in fit relationship with a matching convex ring and / or matching groove preset on the outer ring surface of the adjusting ring; the adjusting ring is a petal ring structure, formed by splicing arcs of various sizes connected end to end in sequence along the inner circumference of the base ring; an observation mirror for observing the position of the heavy phase weir plate and a hand hole for disassembling and assembling the adjusting ring are arranged on the outer wall of the centrifugal extraction section.

[0007] Preferably, the splicing end surface of the dimension arc is an inclined surface parallel to the axis of the base ring.

[0008] Preferably, the mating convex ring on the outer ring surface of the adjustment ring is in a dovetail shape that gradually becomes thinner from the outside to the inside, and a buffer groove is coaxially recessed at the top of the mating convex ring; the positioning groove cavity shape on the inner ring surface of the base ring corresponds to the dovetail groove layout.

[0009] Preferably, the adjustment ring is made of a plastic material such as PTFE, PVDF or PEEK, and generally has the property of being resistant to solvent polarity.

[0010] Preferably, a countersink is coaxially provided at the top mouth of the drum, and the lower ring surface of the base ring is placed at the bottom of the countersink from top to bottom; the liquid retaining plate is fitted to the drum with a detachable flange by tightening screws.

[0011] Preferably, the hand hole is located on the top surface of the centrifugal extractor, and a cover plate with opening and closing functions is arranged on the hand hole, and the cover plate is fastened to the centrifugal extraction part by fixing screws.

[0012] Preferably, the observation mirror is a quick-opening mirror, which is arranged at the side wall of the centrifugal extraction part and faces the heavy phase weir plate.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0014] 1) Through the above structure, the present invention utilizes the liquid retaining plate to cooperate with the top surface of the cylindrical drum to limit the liquid phase lift, and then relies on the combination of the base ring and the adjustment ring to achieve the purpose of rapid replacement of the heavy phase weir plate without dismantling the machine.

[0015] Specifically, when the heavy phase weir plate size needs to be changed based on current liquid phase requirements, the liquid retaining plate can be removed using an observation mirror and handhole to expose the heavy phase weir plate. The multi-petal structure and removable nature of the adjustment ring allow for rapid online replacement. Once the new adjustment ring is installed, its inner diameter defines the final inner diameter of the heavy phase weir plate, meeting the requirements of the new liquid phase. Furthermore, the closed base ring ensures radial sealing of the heavy phase weir plate, while the replaceable adjustment ring allows for online adjustment of the heavy phase weir plate's inner diameter. This compensates for the radial sealing limitations of the adjustment ring, while its inability to disassemble is further compensated by the adjustment ring, resulting in the heavy phase weir plate achieving both reliable sealing and convenient assembly and disassembly. Once the centrifugal extractor resumes rotation, the adjustment ring actively radially presses against the base ring under the immense centrifugal force, effectively ensuring the operational reliability of the entire heavy phase weir plate.

[0016] 2) Furthermore, for the dimensional arc that constitutes the adjustment plate, the matching methods of two adjacent sets of sub-guards can be various, such as step-jointing or arc-jointing. The present invention preferably adopts the bevel-jointing method, so that the adjustment plate is compressed in the circumferential direction and forms a complete ring, thereby ensuring reliability in use.

[0017] 3) When the base ring and the adjustment ring are installed in a "convex" configuration, a mating convex ring is positioned in the middle of the outer surface of the adjustment ring. The cross-section of the mating convex ring can be a dovetail-shaped structure with a wide outer surface and a narrow inner surface. The inner surface of the adjustment ring is designed with a matching dovetail-shaped positioning groove to achieve the desired assembly effect. To further facilitate the installation of the adjustment ring, a buffer groove is milled in the middle of the mating convex ring. During installation, the wider dovetail of the mating convex ring can be compressed by the buffer groove. After installation, the mating convex ring releases into place under its own elasticity, making the entire installation process convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A top view of

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of part I;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of disassembly and assembly of the structure shown;

[0022] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of one embodiment of an adjustment ring;

[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A top view of

[0024] Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of another embodiment of an adjusting ring.

[0025] The actual correspondence between the reference numerals and component names of the present invention is as follows:

[0026] 10- centrifugal extraction part 20- drum 21- sink

[0027] 30-heavy phase weir plate

[0028] 31-base ring 311-positioning groove

[0029] 32-adjustment ring 32a-size arc

[0030] 321-matching groove 322-matching convex ring 323-buffer groove

[0031] 40-Observation mirror 50-Hand hole 60-Liquid retaining plate 70-Cover DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] For ease of understanding, the specific structure and working mode of the present invention are further described below:

[0033] The main part of the centrifugal extractor of the present invention, namely the centrifugal extraction part 10, still uses the structure of the traditional centrifugal extractor, which is mainly divided into two types: an annular gap structure with upper and lower supports and a suspension structure with upper supports. Figure 1 As shown, the centrifugal extraction section 10 specifically includes a power source, a drum 20, an outer shell mounted on the outer wall of the drum 20, and a frame. The power source is the power source of the centrifugal extraction process of the present invention. It is generally a power motor that provides rotational power, and then the power motor and the drum 20 are connected by a coupling. The frame supports the power source, drum 20 and outer shell of the centrifugal extractor, and is a supporting component for the weight of the entire equipment. The frame is required to have sufficient rigidity. The outer shell is generally composed of an upper shell, a lower shell, a mixing chamber, etc., and is the main space for carrying material and liquid. The drum 20 is arranged with light phase weir plates, heavy phase weir plates 30, etc., which are the main separation areas for material and liquid. The present invention is a structural improvement to the heavy phase weir plate 30, which can also be radiated to the light phase weir plate in actual use.

[0034] like Figure 1-4As shown, the heavy phase weir plate 30 is designed to be formed by a combination of a base ring 31 and an adjustment ring 32. The base ring 31 is generally made of metal, and is selected according to the material properties, such as carbon steel, stainless steel, titanium, Hastelloy, etc., and must have a certain degree of rigidity, strength and processability to ensure installation and sealing surface accuracy. The inner diameter of the base ring 31 is larger than the maximum weir plate size allowed by the same model, such as more than 10mm larger on one side. The adjustment ring 32 is generally made of plastic material, such as PTFE, PVDF, PEEK, etc., to reduce costs and have a certain degree of flexibility; the selection of plastic material is mainly based on the polarity of the solvent in the liquid phase. The inner diameter of the adjustment ring 32 is the required final weir plate size.

[0035] The base ring 31 and the adjustment ring 32 can be installed in a "concave" or "convex" manner. Figure 7 As shown, a matching groove 321 is provided in the middle of the outer circumferential surface of the adjustment ring 32, and the matching groove 321 cooperates with the positioning convex ring at the base ring 31 to facilitate installation. Of course, it can also be directly clamped on the base ring 31. During use, the adjustment ring 32 can fit tightly on the base ring 31 under the outward action of centrifugal force. When the size of the heavy phase weir plate 30 needs to be changed, it is only necessary to replace the adjustment ring 32, and the base ring 31 remains unchanged. When the base ring 31 and the adjustment ring 32 are installed in a "convex" shape, a matching convex ring 322 is provided in the middle of the outer ring surface of the adjustment ring 32, and the cross-sectional shape of the matching convex ring 322 can be a dovetail-shaped structure with a wide outside and a narrow inside; and the inner ring surface of the adjustment ring 32 is made into a dovetail-shaped positioning groove 311 that cooperates with it, so as to achieve the assembly effect of the two. In order to further facilitate the installation of the adjustment ring 32, a buffer groove 323 is milled in the middle of the mating convex ring 322. During installation, the outer dovetail of the mating convex ring 322 is wider and can be compressed through the buffer groove 323. After installation, the mating convex ring 322 is released into place under its own elasticity, thereby conveniently completing the entire installation process.

[0036] In order to quickly replace the adjustment ring 32 without disassembling the machine, the adjustment ring 32 is evenly divided into 2 to 4 parts according to the size, forming 2 to 4 arcs 32a of the same size. Figure 5-7 The following is an example of dividing into three equal parts. Figure 6 As shown, the bevel cut at an angle α facilitates installation and disassembly. Furthermore, the beveled surfaces allow the various dimension arcs 32a to squeeze against each other, ensuring a precise inner diameter of the adjustment ring 32. The inner diameter of the adjustment ring 32 is theoretically calculated based on the specific model of the extractor and the material being processed. If necessary, since each dimension arc 32a has the same shape, a descriptive area can be provided on the surface of each dimension arc 32a to facilitate management and prevent confusion. For example, the text "Φ112-3 / 2" indicates that the heavy phase weir plate 30 has a diameter of Φ112 and a total of three dimension arcs 32a. This is the second dimension arc 32a.

[0037] After the base ring 31 and the adjustment ring 32 are assembled, they are pressed by the liquid retaining plate 60 and fastened to the top of the centrifugal extractor's drum 20 by fastening screws. Figure 1-4 As shown, a hand hole 50 is provided. Depending on the size of the extraction machine, two to four hand holes 50 can be evenly spaced to facilitate quick removal and replacement. The hand hole 50 can be crescent-shaped, with a cover plate 70 located above. Cover plate 70 is typically made of a plastic material such as PTFE, making it lightweight and easy to remove. Cover plate 70 can be secured to the hand hole 50 using screws or even fastening. Furthermore, to further facilitate disassembly, four quick-opening sight glasses, or observation mirrors 40, are evenly spaced along the outer wall of the centrifugal extraction section 10, ensuring that at least two quick-opening sight glasses are located below the corresponding hand holes 50. When the adjustment ring 32 needs to be replaced, the quick-opening sight glass below it can be used for observation. Another quick-opening sight glass positioned perpendicular to the adjustment ring can be used as a sight glass light, illuminated by a flashlight or other lighting fixture, facilitating observation. For smaller extraction machines, where replacement is more difficult due to the limited internal space, the quick-opening sight glass can be quickly removed and used as an auxiliary hand hole 50.

[0038] To facilitate further understanding of the present invention, the specific disassembly and assembly process of the adjustment plate is given as follows:

[0039] 1) The centrifugal extractor is shut down and the electrical appliance is locked to ensure that the centrifugal extractor cannot be started;

[0040] 2) Open the cover 70;

[0041] 3) Gently rotate the drum 20 and remove the fastening screws of the liquid retaining plate 60 through the hand hole 50 in sequence;

[0042] 4) Raise the liquid retaining plate 60 to the highest position;

[0043] 5) Lift the base ring 31 and the adjustment ring 32 together and pull them to the operator's side, gradually disassemble the arcs 32a of each size and take them out through the hand hole 50;

[0044] 6) Install the arcs 32a of each size that need to be replaced into the inner surface of the base ring 31 in sequence, and reverse the above steps to reinstall the heavy phase weir plate 30, the liquid retaining plate 60 and the cover plate 70.

[0045] During the above installation process, you can observe through the quick-open sight glass, and it is best to have two people coordinate the operation.

[0046] Of course, the above is only one specific embodiment of the present invention. In actual operation, equivalent replacements of the matching method between the liquid retaining plate 60 and the drum 20, such as changing to a snap-fit method or even a positioning pin method, or adopting an arc-shaped or even stepped snap-fit between the base ring 31 and the adjustment ring 32, or even replacing the observation mirror 40 with an electronic sight glass, etc., such conventional structural changes made within the structural framework of the present invention should be regarded as equivalent or similar designs and fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A centrifugal extractor with a replaceable weir plate, comprising a centrifugal extraction section (10) for allowing a liquid medium to enter and perform a centrifugal extraction operation, the centrifugal extraction section (10) comprising a drum (20), a heavy phase weir plate (30) being arranged at the top of the drum (20); characterized in that: The heavy phase weir plate (30) is pressed and fixed to the top of the drum (20) through the liquid retaining plate (60); the heavy phase weir plate (30) comprises a base ring (31) constituting an outer ring body and an adjustment ring (32) constituting an inner ring body, the base ring (31) being clamped and fixed between the liquid retaining plate (60) and the top surface of the drum (20); the inner ring surface of the base ring (31) is coaxially provided with a positioning groove (311) and / or a coaxially convex positioning convex ring, so as to mate with the adjustment ring. (32) A radial plug-in fit relationship is formed between the matching convex ring (322) and / or matching groove (321) preset on the outer annular surface; the adjustment ring (32) is a petal ring structure, formed by splicing arcs (32a) of various sizes that are connected end to end in sequence along the inner circumference of the base ring (31); an observation mirror (40) for observing the position of the heavy phase weir plate (30) and a hand hole (50) for disassembling and assembling the adjustment ring (32) are arranged on the outer wall of the centrifugal extraction part (10); The splicing end surface of the dimension arc (32a) is an inclined surface parallel to the axis of the base ring (31); The mating convex ring (322) on the outer annular surface of the adjusting ring (32) is in a dovetail shape that gradually becomes thinner from the outside to the inside, and a buffer groove (323) is coaxially provided on the top of the mating convex ring (322); the positioning groove (311) on the inner annular surface of the base ring (31) has a corresponding dovetail groove layout.

2. A centrifugal extractor with a replaceable weir plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting ring (32) is made of PTFE, PVDF or PEEK.

3. A centrifugal extractor with a replaceable weir plate according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A countersunk hole (21) is coaxially recessed at the top of the drum (20), and the lower ring surface of the base ring (31) is placed from top to bottom at the bottom of the countersunk hole (21); the liquid retaining plate (60) is fitted to the drum (20) via a detachable flange through fastening screws.

4. A centrifugal extractor with a replaceable weir plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hand hole (50) is located on the top surface of the centrifugal extractor. A cover plate (70) with an opening and closing function is arranged on the hand hole (50). The cover plate (70) is fastened to the centrifugal extraction part (10) by fixing screws.

5. The centrifugal extractor with a replaceable weir plate according to claim 4, characterized in that: The observation mirror (40) is a quick-opening sight glass, and the observation mirror (40) is arranged at the side wall of the centrifugal extraction part (10) and faces the heavy phase weir plate (30).

Images