A bank slope water purification wetland structure combined with ecological revetment

Abstract

The present invention discloses a bank slope water purification wetland structure combined with an ecological revetment, comprising: a permeable ecological revetment constructed on a river bank slope; a water distribution ditch constructed on the river bank slope and located at the top of the permeable ecological revetment; a water collection well constructed on the river bank slope and located at the top of the permeable ecological revetment and located on one side of the water distribution ditch; a water pump lifting system, the lifting system is used to transport the water in the river to the water collection well; a permeable steel concrete bottom protection constructed at the bottom of the river bank slope and located at the bottom of the permeable ecological revetment; a shore wetland constructed at the river bank and located on the water side of the permeable steel concrete bottom protection; and a diversion dike constructed on the river bank and located on the water side of the shore wetland. The present invention can improve the survival rate of ecological revetment vegetation and improve the water quality of the river, and is also conducive to improving the biodiversity of the river bank zone.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration engineering, and in particular to a bank slope water purification wetland structure combined with ecological revetment. Background Art

[0002] As people's awareness of the concept of harmonious coexistence between man and nature and the river ecological system increases, ecological river construction has been fully promoted in China. At present, various forms of ecological revetments have been applied in various river regulation projects, and good ecological effects have been achieved. However, there are still some ecological revetments with unsatisfactory effects, and the water quality of the river after regulation has not improved significantly. Therefore, relevant departments have proposed that the concept of ecological civilization construction should be further implemented in river regulation work, and the ecological transformation of revetments should be promoted, and combined with various requirements such as source control and pollution interception, water purification and restoration of biodiversity, which are interrelated and mutually reinforcing.

[0003] At present, the common ecological revetment modes are as follows: 1. Natural grass slope type, using native plants with developed root systems under gentle slope conditions, combined with lawn soil fixation and slope protection; 2. Traditional slope protection material types, such as imitation wood piles, pine wood piles, block retaining walls, stacked stone revetment, nut blocks, ecological bags, etc., have good water and soil fixation and greening effects; 3. New slope protection material types, such as ecological gabions, greening concrete, three-dimensional water and soil protection blankets, sponge solidified soil, etc. The construction of ecological revetments under various modes plays the role of water and soil fixation and connecting the water-land interface ecosystem at the same time, and has a good effect on the ecological improvement of the river channel. However, due to the complexity of the river environment, the effect of some ecological revetments is still not ideal, and the effect of plant growth is poor. For example, ecological gabions, block retaining walls, nut blocks and greening concrete, although they have good structural stability and permeability, are due to the small space left for plant growth, lack of substrate for plant growth, poor water storage capacity, and inadequate later maintenance. The ecological revetment lacks green, has poor ecological effects, and the water quality improvement is not obvious.

[0004] Therefore, how to effectively bring into play the ecological benefits of the existing ecological revetments and how to further improve the water quality of the river channel that has completed the comprehensive ecological improvement are also urgent problems that need to be solved at this stage. To this end, the applicant has conducted useful exploration and research and found a solution to the above problems. The technical solution to be introduced below was produced in this context. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a bank slope water purification wetland structure combined with ecological revetment to improve the survival rate of ecological revetment vegetation, improve river water quality, and increase the biodiversity of the river bank zone in view of the deficiencies of the existing technology.

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0007] A bank slope water purification wetland structure combined with ecological revetment, comprising:

[0008] Permeable ecological revetment constructed on the river bank slope;

[0009] A water distribution ditch constructed on the river bank slope and located at the top of the permeable ecological revetment and extending along the length direction of the permeable ecological revetment, wherein a plurality of water distribution holes are arranged at intervals along the length direction on the side of the water distribution ditch facing the permeable ecological revetment;

[0010] A water collection well constructed on the river bank slope and located at the top of the permeable ecological revetment and on one side of the water distribution ditch;

[0011] A water pump lifting system, the lifting system is used to transport water in the river channel to the water collection well;

[0012] A permeable steel concrete bottom protection constructed at the bottom of the river bank slope and located at the bottom end of the permeable ecological revetment, wherein the upper part of the permeable steel concrete bottom protection is provided with a plurality of permeable holes spaced apart along the length direction, and each permeable hole horizontally penetrates the water side and the soil side of the permeable steel concrete bottom protection;

[0013] A beach wetland constructed at the river bank and located on the water side of the permeable reinforced concrete bottom protection; and

[0014] A diversion dike is constructed on the bank of the river and located on the water side of the shore wetland.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the permeable ecological revetment comprises:

[0016] The planting base layer is laid on the slope of the river bank;

[0017] a greening concrete layer laid on the surface of the planting base layer; and

[0018] Seed-sown herbaceous plants planted on the green concrete layer.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water distribution ditch is constructed with a brick hard structure.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the height of the water distribution ditch is 30 cm to 50 cm, and the distance between two adjacent water distribution holes is 40 cm to 60 cm.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water pump lifting system includes at least one water pump, the water inlet end of each water pump is connected to the river channel, and the water outlet end is connected to the water collection well through a pipeline, so as to transport the water in the river channel to the water collection well. The water pump is a non-clogging clean water pump, and a grid frame is arranged on the outside thereof.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the width of the shore wetland is 1m to 5m.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, aquatic plants are planted on the beach wetland.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the diversion embankment is formed by wooden piles tightly arranged in parallel in the foundation.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the wooden piles are pine wood piles.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the top elevation of the dike is slightly higher than the normal water level of the river channel.

[0027] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0028] 1. The present invention combines permeable ecological revetments and beach wetlands to construct bank slope water purification wetlands. During the circulation operation, it brings water and nutrients to plants, which can improve the survival rate of ecological revetment vegetation and improve the water quality of the river, and is also conducive to improving the biodiversity of the river bank zone;

[0029] 2. The present invention effectively utilizes the existing revetment space and does not occupy any additional space;

[0030] 3. The present invention only uses a water pump as a power source, and reoxygenation is performed by gravity drop after one lifting, which saves electricity and is green and energy-saving;

[0031] 4. The present invention is based on artificial wetland technology, which is mature, reliable, simple and feasible. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 It is a plan view of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below with reference to specific diagrams.

[0036] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The figure shows a bank slope water purification wetland structure combined with ecological revetment, including a permeable ecological revetment 100, a water distribution ditch 200, a water collection well 300, a water pump lifting system 400, a permeable steel concrete bottom protection 500, a bank wetland 600 and a diversion dike 700.

[0037] The permeable ecological revetment 100 is constructed on the river bank slope, which is an existing or newly built ecological revetment with a certain slope and length. Specifically, the permeable ecological revetment 100 includes a planting bottom layer 110, a greening concrete layer 120, and seed-sown herbaceous plants 130. The planting bottom layer 110 is laid on the slope of the river bank slope, which is mainly composed of a mixture of nutrient soil and coarse sand. The greening concrete layer 120 is laid on the surface of the planting bottom layer 110, and the seed-sown herbaceous plants 130 are planted on the greening concrete layer 120.

[0038] The water distribution ditch 200 is constructed on the river bank slope and is located at the top of the permeable ecological revetment 100 and extends along the length direction of the permeable ecological revetment 100. The water distribution ditch 200 has a plurality of water distribution holes (not shown in the figure) spaced apart along the length direction on the side of the permeable ecological revetment 100, which plays a role in uniform water distribution and tries to achieve smooth self-flow according to the slope. In this embodiment, the water distribution ditch 200 is constructed with a brick hard structure, the height of the water distribution ditch 200 is 30cm to 50cm, and the distance between two adjacent water distribution holes is 40cm to 60cm.

[0039] The water collection well 300 is constructed on the river bank slope and is located at the top of the permeable ecological revetment 100 and at one side of the water distribution ditch 200. The water in the water collection well 300 flows into the water distribution ditch 200 by overflow.

[0040] The water pump lifting system 400 includes at least one water pump, the water inlet of each water pump is connected to the river channel, and the water outlet is connected to the water collection well 300 through a pipeline, so as to transport the water in the river channel to the water collection well 300. In this embodiment, the water pump is preferably a non-clogging clean water pump, and a grid frame is arranged on the outside of the water pump to protect the water pump.

[0041] The permeable steel concrete bottom protection 500 is constructed at the bottom of the river bank slope and is located at the bottom end of the permeable ecological revetment 100. The upper part of the permeable steel concrete bottom protection 500 is provided with a plurality of permeable holes 510 spaced apart along the length direction. Each permeable hole 510 transversely penetrates the water side and the soil side of the permeable steel concrete bottom protection 500.

[0042] The shore wetland 600 is constructed at the river bank and is located on the water side of the permeable reinforced concrete bottom protection 500. The shore wetland 600 utilizes the water-land interface space of the river bank, and its width is generally 1m to 5m, which is determined according to the river width and shore conditions. Various aquatic plants, such as emergent plants and submerged plants, are planted in the shore wetland 600 to construct a natural wetland.

[0043] The diversion dike 700 is constructed on the bank of the river and located on the water side of the bank wetland 600. The diversion dike 700 is formed by closely arranging wooden piles such as pine piles in the foundation. The top elevation of the diversion dike 700 is slightly higher than the normal water level of the river.

[0044] After the circulation operation is started, the water in the river enters the water collection well 300 and overflows into the water distribution ditch 200 after being lifted once by the water pump lifting system 400, and enters the permeable ecological revetment 100 evenly through the water distribution holes, and plays a role in water purification through the pores of the hard material and the action of the plant root system. In addition, the gravity self-flow of the slope will form atmospheric reoxygenation to increase the dissolved oxygen concentration, which is conducive to improving the water purification capacity. The outflow is collected into the shore wetland 600 through the permeable holes 510 of the permeable steel concrete bottom protection 500, and pollutants are further removed in the natural wetland. Finally, the outflow at the end of the diversion dike 700 returns to the river. Under the action of the continuous operation of the water pump lifting system 400, an internal circulation in the local area can be formed, which improves the circulation capacity of the water body and further improves the purification capacity of the water body. After a period of operation, when the plants grow luxuriantly and the water quality improves significantly, the pump operation time can be adjusted as needed.

[0045] The following is a specific application example of the bank slope water purification wetland structure combined with ecological revetment of the present invention:

[0046] A river channel in Baoshan District, Shanghai, which has been completed for more than a year, was selected. The river channel is 14 meters wide, with an ecological revetment on one side with a slope of 1:1 and a slope length of 6 meters. There are few plants on the ecological revetment, and some of the original plants have died, leaving only a small amount of weeds.

[0047] A 200-meter-long ecological revetment was selected as the experimental section, and another 200-meter-long ecological revetment next to it was selected as the control section. Simple soft fences were used for partitioning, and the original shore emergent plants were used as shore wetlands. The trial operation started in June 2018, running for 16 hours a day. Half a month before the trial operation, grass seeds were sprayed again, and the species were ryegrass and bermudagrass. During the operation, the plant growth and water quality improvement were mainly observed.

[0048] As of September 2018, plants in the experimental section grew well, with a coverage of about 80%, while plants in the control section were sparse, with a coverage of about 20%. In terms of water quality, the water quality in the experimental section was significantly better than that in the control section, with higher transparency and stable water quality. The main indicators reached Class V on the surface, and some indicators such as dissolved oxygen reached Class IV on the surface. The indicators in the control section were still Class V on the surface, and the transparency was lower.

[0049] It can be seen that the bank slope water purification wetland structure of the present invention can improve the survival rate of ecological revetment vegetation and has a significant effect on improving river water quality.

[0050] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A bank slope water purification wetland structure combined with ecological revetment, characterized in that: include: Permeable ecological revetment constructed on the river bank slope; A water distribution ditch constructed on the river bank slope and located at the top of the permeable ecological revetment and extending along the length direction of the permeable ecological revetment, wherein a plurality of water distribution holes are arranged at intervals along the length direction on the side of the water distribution ditch facing the permeable ecological revetment; A water collection well constructed on the river bank slope and located at the top of the permeable ecological revetment and on one side of the water distribution ditch; A water pump lifting system, the lifting system is used to transport water in the river channel to the water collection well; A permeable steel concrete bottom protection constructed at the bottom of the river bank slope and located at the bottom end of the permeable ecological revetment, wherein the upper part of the permeable steel concrete bottom protection is provided with a plurality of permeable holes spaced apart along the length direction, and each permeable hole horizontally penetrates the water side and the soil side of the permeable steel concrete bottom protection; A beach wetland constructed at the river bank and located on the water side of the permeable steel concrete bottom protection; as well as A diversion dike constructed on the bank of the river and located on the waterside of the bank wetland; The permeable ecological revetment comprises: The planting base layer is laid on the slope of the river bank; a greening concrete layer laid on the surface of the planting base layer; and seed-sown herbaceous plants planted on the green concrete layer; The height of the water distribution ditch is 30cm to 50cm, and the distance between two adjacent water distribution holes is 40cm to 60cm; The water pump lifting system includes at least one water pump, the water inlet of each water pump is connected to the river channel, and the water outlet is connected to the water collection well through a pipeline, so as to transport the water in the river channel to the water collection well. The water pump is a non-clogging clean water pump, and a grid frame is arranged on the outside of the water pump; After the circulation operation is started, after being lifted once by the water pump lifting system, the water in the river channel enters the collection well and overflows into the water distribution ditch, and evenly enters the permeable ecological revetment through the water distribution holes. The water quality is purified through the pores of the hard material and the action of the plant roots. The gravity flow on the slope will form atmospheric reoxygenation to increase the dissolved oxygen concentration, which is beneficial to improving the water purification capacity. The outflow is collected into the shore wetland through the permeable holes of the permeable steel concrete bottom protection, and pollutants are further removed in the natural wetland. Finally, the outflow at the end of the diversion dike returns to the river channel, and under the action of the continuous operation of the water pump lifting system, an internal circulation in the local area is formed.

2. The bank slope water purification wetland structure combined with ecological revetment as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: The water distribution ditch is constructed with a brick hard structure.

3. The bank slope water purification wetland structure combined with ecological revetment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The width of the beach wetland is 1m to 5m.

4. The bank slope water purification wetland structure combined with ecological revetment as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: Aquatic plants are planted on the beach wetland.

5. The bank slope water purification wetland structure combined with ecological revetment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The diversion embankment is formed by closely arranging wooden piles in parallel in the foundation.

6. The bank slope water purification wetland structure combined with ecological revetment as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: The wooden piles are pine wood piles.

7. The bank slope water purification wetland structure combined with ecological revetment as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: The top elevation of the diversion dike is slightly higher than the normal water level of the river.

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