Silage fermentation experimental equipment and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a silage fermentation experimental device and a method for using the same, and belongs to the technical field of fermentation experimental devices and methods for using the same. The silage fermentation experimental device provided by the invention mainly adopts a movable partition and a fixed partition to cooperate with the inner wall of the inner cavity of a cylinder body to limit a storage space, and at the same time, the mass of the carrier itself is used to compact the silage raw materials in the storage space, so that during the fermentation process, the silage raw materials must overcome the carrier outside the movable partition in order to expand, thereby ensuring the compactness of the silage raw materials during the fermentation process, promoting the discharge of water from the silage raw materials, and improving the fermentation quality of the final silage feed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fermentation experimental equipment and use methods, and in particular to silage fermentation experimental equipment and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Silage can improve the nutritional value of agricultural and sideline feed and increase palatability, so it is widely used in livestock and poultry farming. However, silage fermentation is affected by the environment, the quality varies greatly, and there are many factors that affect the quality of silage fermentation. In order to solve the quality of silage fermentation, researchers have carried out a lot of research. At present, the experimental instruments are mainly glass bottles or silage pits for silage fermentation experiments. These instruments cannot maintain a consistent fermentation environment, cannot observe the fermentation state in real time, and cannot effectively ensure the sealing of the fermentation, resulting in large differences in the results of silage tests. At the same time, the entire fermentation process requires maintenance by a dedicated person, which leads to the waste of limited scientific research resources and reduces work efficiency. For example: the quality of silage raw materials will be affected by their internal moisture content, and most of the existing fermentation experimental equipment cannot promote the discharge of internal moisture from silage raw materials, affecting the fermentation quality of silage raw materials. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to provide an silage fermentation experimental device and a use method thereof, which can ensure the quality of silage fermentation.

[0004] The embodiment of the present invention is achieved as follows:

[0005] A silage fermentation experimental device, comprising:

[0006] It includes a barrel, a carrier contained in the inner cavity of the barrel, a movable partition and a fixed partition;

[0007] The movable partition can reciprocate relative to the barrel along the axial direction of the barrel, and the movable partition is relatively fixed to the barrel; a certain distance is left between the movable partition and the fixed partition in the axial direction of the barrel, so as to cooperate with the wall surface of the inner cavity of the barrel to enclose a material storage space; the carrier abuts against the side of the movable partition away from the fixed partition;

[0008] It also includes a first end cover and a second end cover which are respectively sealed and fitted on both ends of the cylinder body. Along the direction from the first end cover to the second end cover, the fixed partition and the movable partition are arranged in sequence.

[0009] The silage fermentation experimental equipment provided by the present invention mainly adopts movable partitions and fixed partitions to cooperate with the inner wall of the inner cavity of the cylinder body to define a storage space. At the same time, the mass of the carrier itself is used to compact the silage raw materials in the storage space, so that during the fermentation process, the silage raw materials must overcome the carrier on the outside of the movable partition in order to expand, thereby ensuring the compaction of the silage raw materials during the fermentation process, promoting the discharge of moisture from the silage raw materials, and improving the fermentation quality of the final silage feed.

[0010] In addition, the above-mentioned storage space is a space for placing silage raw materials and fermenting. The fixed partition refers to the entire fermentation experimental equipment use process, which will not have a large displacement, and does not limit the fixed partition to the cylinder body is fixedly connected.

[0011] Preferably, both the movable partition and the fixed partition are provided with flow holes for allowing water generated by the silage raw materials during the fermentation process to pass through.

[0012] Preferably, the second end cover is provided with an exhaust pipe connected to the inner cavity of the barrel, and the exhaust pipe has an S-shaped bent detection liquid section for injecting a phenolphthalein solution of a certain concentration to facilitate experimenters to judge the fermentation status of the silage raw materials.

[0013] Preferably, the first end cover is provided with a drainage hose connected to the inner cavity of the barrel body, which is used to discharge the liquid produced by the fermentation to ensure that the moisture in the entire environment is at a low level.

[0014] Preferably, there is a radial gap between the movable partition and / or the fixed partition and the inner wall of the cylinder body.

[0015] Preferably, a stabilizing support is further included, wherein the stabilizing support is disposed between the first end cover and the fixed partition, the stabilizing support is fixedly connected to the fixed partition or is integrally formed with the fixed partition, and the stabilizing support is used to limit the distance between the first end cover and the fixed partition in the axial direction of the cylinder body.

[0016] Preferably, a plurality of annular folding pieces made of elastic material are connected to the inner wall of the barrel between the movable partition and the second end cover, the annular folding pieces are coaxially arranged with the barrel, and the plurality of annular folding pieces are arranged in sequence along the axis of the barrel, and the inner edge of the annular folding pieces is smaller than the size of the load, so as to limit the load, so that the load is driven by the expansion of the silage raw materials and is hindered by the annular folding pieces when moving in a direction away from the first end cover.

[0017] Preferably, the inner edge of the annular folding piece is folded toward the side away from the movable partition, and the inner edge size of each annular folding piece is gradually reduced along the direction from the movable partition to the second end cover.

[0018] The present invention also provides a method for using the silage fermentation experimental equipment as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1. Place the silage fermentation experimental equipment vertically;

[0020] S2, remove the second end cover from the barrel, and remove the movable partition and the load;

[0021] S3, placing the silage raw materials on the fixed partition and compacting them; then, sequentially covering the movable partition and the carrier on the compacted silage raw materials;

[0022] S4, closing the second end cap on the end of the barrel, and then hanging the silage fermentation experimental equipment on the experimental frame in a manner that the second end cap faces upward and the first end cap faces downward, and placing it under the environment required by the experiment; at the same time, injecting a phenolphthalein solution with a concentration of one-third to one-half into the detection liquid section of the exhaust pipe to display the pH value of the volatile gas generated during the fermentation process of the silage raw material;

[0023] S5, fermenting the silage raw materials; after the fermentation time required by the experiment is reached, if the phenolphthalein solution is colorless and transparent, it means that the fermentation is qualified; after the fermentation is completed, the phenolphthalein solution turns red, indicating that the fermentation process is destroyed; if the fermentation is qualified, proceed to step S6;

[0024] S6. Open the second end cover, take out the qualified fermentation silage raw materials, and conduct experimental analysis.

[0025] Preferably, before the fermentation process of the silage raw materials, the drainage hose is first folded in half and clamped with a clip to close the drainage hose; when liquid produced by the fermentation of the silage raw materials appears in the drainage hose, the clamp is removed and the liquid entering the drainage hose is collected. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the silage fermentation experimental equipment provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a disassembled schematic diagram of the silage fermentation experimental equipment structure provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A local enlarged schematic diagram of the middle A;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a front schematic diagram of the silage fermentation experimental equipment provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross section at AA in the middle;

[0032] Figure 6 , Figure 7 Schematic diagram of filling operation for two silage fermentation experimental equipments;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of two silage fermentation experimental equipments hung on the experimental frame;

[0034] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the exhaust pipe provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0035]

Specific symbols

[0036] 1-exhaust pipe, 1a-detection liquid section, 2-second end cover, 3-carrying object, 41-movable partition, 42-fixed partition, 5-cylinder body, 6-stable support, 7-first end cover, 8-drainage hose, 9-annular folding piece, 10-filling rack, 11-mounting rack, 12-experimental rack. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0038] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" and the like appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or position relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, if the terms "first", "second" and the like appear in the description of the present invention, they are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0041] In addition, if the terms "horizontal" or "vertical" appear in the description of the present invention, it does not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] See also Figures 1 to 5 and Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , this embodiment 1 proposes a silage fermentation experimental device, including a barrel 5 and a carrier 3 accommodated in the inner cavity of the barrel 5, a movable partition 41 and a fixed partition 42;

[0045] The movable partition 41 can reciprocate along the axial direction of the barrel 5 relative to the barrel 5, and the movable partition 41 is relatively fixed to the barrel 5; a certain distance is left between the movable partition 41 and the fixed partition 42 in the axial direction of the barrel 5, so that the wall surface of the inner cavity of the barrel 5 can be matched to enclose a storage space; the carrier 3 abuts against the side of the movable partition 41 away from the fixed partition 42;

[0046] It also includes a first end cover 7 and a second end cover 2 that are respectively sealed and fitted on both ends of the barrel body 5. Along the direction from the first end cover 7 to the second end cover 2, the fixed partition 42 and the movable partition 41 are arranged in sequence.

[0047] When in use, the above-mentioned silage fermentation experimental equipment is hung on the experimental frame 12 in a manner that the first end cap 7 faces downward and the second end cap 2 faces upward; the first end cap 7 and the second end cap 2 specifically form a closed structure with the barrel 5 through a threaded connection structure, and the implementer can set a sealing ring between the contact part of the first end cap 7 and the barrel 5 and between the contact part of the second end cap 2 and the barrel 5 to further improve the airtightness of the entire barrel 5. In this embodiment, the above-mentioned carrier 3 is specifically an iron block, and the implementer can choose other carriers 3 with larger mass. In this embodiment 1, the mass of the carrier 3 is in the range of 10 to 12 kg, providing a pressure of 0.8 to 1 kpa for the silage raw material.

[0048] This embodiment mainly defines a storage space by adopting a movable partition 41 and a fixed partition 42 in cooperation with the inner wall of the inner cavity of the cylinder body 5. At the same time, the mass of the carrier 3 itself is used to compact the silage raw materials in the storage space, so that during the fermentation process, the silage raw materials must overcome the carrier 3 on the outside of the movable partition 41 in order to expand, thereby ensuring the compactness of the silage raw materials. At the same time, the weight of the carrier 3 itself promotes the discharge of internal liquid of the silage raw materials during the fermentation process, thereby ensuring the fermentation quality of the silage raw materials.

[0049] As a preferred embodiment, in this embodiment, flow holes are provided on the movable baffle 41 and the fixed baffle 42 for allowing the water generated by the silage raw materials during the fermentation process to pass through, so as to avoid the water from gathering under the fixed baffle 42. In addition, in this embodiment, there is a radial gap between the movable baffle 41 and the fixed baffle 42 and the inner wall of the cylinder body 5 to further improve the gas-liquid flow performance.

[0050] In addition, when the silage raw materials are fermented, probiotics (Lactobacillus) use the silage raw materials to ferment lactic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, ammonia nitrogen, etc. to improve feed quality. When beneficial bacteria such as lactic acid bacteria are dominant, they will inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms and promote the production of volatile organic acids, so the volatile gas is acidic; when the number of harmful microorganisms increases, the production of ammonia nitrogen increases, and it will become alkaline. In order to facilitate the implementation personnel to judge the fermentation situation, as a preferred embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 and Fig. 9In the present embodiment, the second end cap 2 is provided with an exhaust pipe 1 connected to the inner cavity of the barrel 5, and the exhaust pipe 1 has an S-shaped bending detection liquid section 1a, which is used to inject a phenolphthalein solution of a certain concentration; when the above-mentioned volatile gas enters the exhaust pipe 1, it will be fully mixed and contacted with the phenolphthalein solution, accurately reflecting the fermentation state (if the phenolphthalein solution is colorless and transparent after the fermentation is completed, it means that the fermentation experiment is successful). At this time, the implementer can intuitively judge the fermentation situation. In addition. After the phenolphthalein solution is injected, the above-mentioned detection liquid section 1a also has the function of ensuring the balance of internal and external air pressures and blocking the entry of external air. In the present embodiment, in addition to being S-shaped, the above-mentioned detection liquid section 1a is also in the shape of a gourd segment that is sequentially connected along its extension direction to increase the content of the phenolphthalein solution that it can store.

[0051] It can be understood here that the above-mentioned support 3 not only has the function of compacting the silage raw materials and promoting moisture, but also has the function of promoting the discharge of volatile gases.

[0052] As a preferred embodiment, in this embodiment, the first end cover 7 is provided with a drainage hose 8 connected to the inner cavity of the barrel 5 for discharging the liquid produced during the fermentation process of the silage raw materials. The implementers can collect and test these liquids to understand the fermentation conditions in the barrel from other angles.

[0053] As a preferred embodiment, in this embodiment, a stabilizing support 6 is also included, and the stabilizing support 6 is arranged between the first end cover 7 and the fixed partition 42. The stabilizing support 6 is fixedly connected to the fixed partition 42 or is integrally formed with the fixed partition 42. The stabilizing support 6 is used to limit the axial distance between the first end cover 7 and the fixed partition 42 in the cylinder body 5, and form an area that can accommodate liquid.

[0054] During the fermentation process, the volume change trend of the silage raw materials is different (for example, in the early stage of fermentation, the expansion trend of the silage raw materials gradually increases, and the force applied to the movable partition 41 gradually increases. In the later stage of fermentation, the silage raw materials have a tendency to shrink). In order to ensure the compaction effect of the silage raw materials in the early stage of fermentation, the implementers can increase the mass of the carrier 3, but this will cause the carrier 3 to cooperate with the shrinkage of the silage raw materials in the later stage of fermentation, and excessively compress the entire silage raw materials, which is not conducive to the growth of microorganisms in the silage raw materials. At the same time, the improvement of the mass of the carrier 3 will also correspond to the improvement of the specifications of the entire experimental rack, increasing the experimental cost.

[0055] So please see Figure 5, another structure is correspondingly provided in this embodiment to realize the compaction and promotion of the silage raw materials while avoiding excessive compression of the silage raw materials in the late fermentation stage. In this embodiment, the inner wall of the barrel 5 between the movable partition 41 and the second end cover 2 is also connected with a plurality of annular flaps 9 made of elastic material, the annular flaps 9 are coaxially arranged with the barrel 5, and the plurality of annular flaps 9 are arranged in sequence along the axis of the barrel 5, the inner edge of the annular flaps 9 is smaller than the size of the carrier 3, so as to limit the carrier 3, and the above-mentioned carrier 3 will gradually pass through the above-mentioned annular flaps 9 as the silage raw materials expand, and elastically contact with the inner edge of the annular flaps 9, so that the carrier 3 is driven by the expansion of the silage raw materials and is subject to the elastic obstruction of the annular flaps 9 when moving in the direction away from the first end cover 7. In the late fermentation stage, the carrier 3 will separate from the annular flaps 9 and return to its starting position, and only rely on its own gravity to compact the silage raw materials to avoid excessive compression of the silage raw materials.

[0056] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the inner edge of the annular folding piece 9 is folded toward the side away from the movable partition 41, and the inner edge size of each annular folding piece 9 is gradually reduced along the direction from the movable partition 41 to the second end cover 2. The purpose of setting the above-mentioned folding structure is to facilitate the passage of the load 3. The inner edge sizes of each level are different, and the deformation of the annular folding piece 9 when the load 3 cooperates with the folding structure can be gradually increased according to the displacement of the load 3, thereby increasing the elastic force applied to the movable partition 41.

[0057] More specifically, in this embodiment, the axial length of the barrel 5 is 890 mm, and the inner diameter of the barrel 5 is 159 mm. For the axial length of the barrel 5, the implementer can select it within the range of 850 mm to 1000 mm according to their own needs; and for the inner diameter of the barrel 5, the implementer can select it within the range of 155 mm to 170 mm according to their own needs.

[0058] The method for using the silage fermentation experimental equipment provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0059] S1. Place the silage fermentation experimental equipment vertically for 10 seconds;

[0060] S2, dismantle the second end cover 2 from the barrel 5, and remove the movable partition 41 and the load 3;

[0061] S3, placing the silage material on the fixed partition 42 and compacting it; then, sequentially covering the movable partition 41 and the carrier 3 on the compacted silage material;

[0062] S4, cover the second end cover 2 on the end 5 of the barrel, and then hang the silage fermentation experimental equipment on the experimental frame 12 in a manner that the second end cover 2 faces upward and the first end cover 7 faces downward, and place it under the environment required by the experiment; at the same time, inject a phenolphthalein solution with a concentration of one-third to one-half into the detection liquid section 1a of the exhaust pipe 1 to display the pH value of the volatile gas generated during the fermentation process of the silage raw material;

[0063] S5, fermenting the silage raw materials; after the fermentation time required by the experiment is reached, if the phenolphthalein solution is colorless and transparent, it means that the fermentation is qualified; after the fermentation is completed, the phenolphthalein solution turns red, indicating that the fermentation process is destroyed; if the fermentation is qualified, proceed to step S6;

[0064] S6. Open the second end cover 2, take out the qualified fermented silage raw materials, and conduct experimental analysis.

[0065] Also, see Figure 6 and Figure 7 In step S3 , the entire compaction operation is performed on the filling frame 10 using a ramming hammer, while the installation of the second end cover 2 is performed on the mounting frame 11 .

[0066] Before the fermentation process of the silage raw materials, the drainage hose is first folded in half and clamped with a clip to seal the drainage hose; when liquid produced by the fermentation of the silage raw materials appears in the drainage hose, the clamp is removed and the liquid entering the drainage hose is collected to facilitate understanding of the fermentation status of the silage raw materials from other angles.

[0067] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A silage fermentation experimental equipment, characterized in that: include: It includes a barrel, a carrier contained in the inner cavity of the barrel, a movable partition and a fixed partition; The movable partition can reciprocate relative to the barrel along the axial direction of the barrel, and the movable partition is relatively fixed to the barrel; a certain distance is left between the movable partition and the fixed partition in the axial direction of the barrel, so as to cooperate with the wall surface of the inner cavity of the barrel to enclose a material storage space; the carrier abuts against the side of the movable partition away from the fixed partition; It also includes a first end cover and a second end cover respectively sealingly covering the two ends of the cylinder body, and the fixed partition and the movable partition are arranged in sequence along the direction from the first end cover to the second end cover; The movable partition and the fixed partition are both provided with flow holes; The second end cover is provided with an exhaust pipe connected to the inner cavity of the barrel, and the exhaust pipe has an S-shaped bent detection liquid section; The first end cover is provided with a liquid discharge hose connected to the inner cavity of the barrel; The inner wall of the barrel between the movable partition and the second end cover is also connected with a plurality of annular folding pieces made of elastic material. The annular folding pieces are coaxially arranged with the barrel, and the plurality of annular folding pieces are arranged in sequence along the axis of the barrel. The inner edge of the annular folding pieces is smaller than the size of the load.

2. The silage fermentation experimental equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is a radial gap between the movable partition and / or the fixed partition and the inner wall of the cylinder body.

3. The silage fermentation experimental equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a stabilizing support, which is arranged between the first end cover and the fixed partition, and is fixedly connected to or integrally formed with the fixed partition, and is used to limit the distance between the first end cover and the fixed partition in the axial direction of the cylinder body.

4. The silage fermentation experimental equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner edge of the annular folding piece is folded toward the side away from the movable partition plate, and the inner edge size of each annular folding piece is gradually reduced along the direction from the movable partition plate to the second end cover.

5. The method for using the silage fermentation experimental equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are included: S1. Place the silage fermentation experimental equipment vertically; S2, remove the second end cover from the barrel, and remove the movable partition and the load; S3, placing the silage raw materials on the fixed partition and compacting them; then, sequentially covering the movable partition and the carrier on the compacted silage raw materials; S4, closing the second end cap on the end of the barrel, and then hanging the silage fermentation experimental equipment on the experimental frame in a manner that the second end cap faces upward and the first end cap faces downward, and placing it under the environment required by the experiment; at the same time, injecting a phenolphthalein solution with a concentration of one-third to one-half into the detection liquid section of the exhaust pipe to display the pH value of the volatile gas generated during the fermentation process of the silage raw material; S5, fermenting the silage raw materials; after the fermentation time required by the experiment is reached, if the phenolphthalein solution is colorless and transparent, it means that the fermentation is qualified; after the fermentation is completed, the phenolphthalein solution turns red, indicating that the fermentation process is destroyed; if the fermentation is qualified, proceed to step S6; S6. Open the second end cover, take out the qualified fermentation silage raw materials, and conduct experimental analysis.

6. The method for using the silage fermentation experimental equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: Before the fermentation process of the silage raw materials, the drainage hose is first folded in half and clamped with a clip to close the drainage hose; when liquid produced by the fermentation of the silage raw materials appears in the drainage hose, the clamp is removed and the liquid entering the drainage hose is collected.

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