A flying car based on multi-stage vector ducted fan

Abstract

The invention discloses a flying car based on a multi-stage vector ducted fan, which is a wingless vertical take-off and landing flying car: an upper layer and a lower layer are provided, and a plurality of vector ducted fans and a vector ducted fan flight power assembly for forming the lifting force and control force of the flying car are installed around the lower layer of the flying car; a power system, a sensor group and a central processing unit are installed in the middle of the lower layer of the flying car; the vector ducted fans near the front and rear ends of the lower layer of the flying car are also provided with wheels for ground operation and landing, including a front steering wheel and two rear driving wheels; a double driving seat is provided at the front end of the upper layer of the flying car near the front steering wheel, and a cargo compartment is provided behind the double driving seats; a plurality of vector ducted fans, each of which is independently controllable, and the power power of each vector ducted fan and the opening angle of the vector grid are controlled by the central processing unit to achieve an optimized automatically balanced flight route and fuel consumption. A wingless vertical take-off and landing flying car is realized, and the problem of miniaturization and low cost is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of wingless flying cars, and in particular relates to a flying car based on a multi-stage vector ducted fan. Background Art

[0002] Wingless vertical take-off and landing flying cars are revolutionary and epoch-making aircraft. Wingless vertical take-off and landing aircraft are unmanned aircraft that fly autonomously and manned aircraft that fly manually. Wingless aircraft with fully automatic, full-time vertical take-off and landing and flight capabilities will open a new era of human transportation. Wingless flying cars can operate on ground roads, and their main function is to fly at medium and low altitudes.

[0003] Wingless vertical take-off and landing flying cars are used for civil needs including fast, short-distance transportation of people and goods without runways, intercity flights and flying taxis; emergency rescue: inaccessible areas, mountains, oceans, islands, lakes and swamps; battlefields, fires, pollution, epidemic outbreak areas; earthquake-stricken areas, flood-stricken areas, shipwrecks; forest fire prevention, forest fire warning patrols; various long-distance pipeline patrols (equipment can be shut down for maintenance or suspended for inspection); private cars; highway management, stability maintenance and anti-terrorism, rapid response and regional patrols.

[0004] Wingless vertical take-off and landing vehicles are used for military needs, including small assault vehicles with low-altitude and high-speed flight performance close to the ground. The mission load can reach 25-30% of the vehicle's maximum flight weight. It will play a particularly important role in land assault operations, border and coastal defense operations, sniping and special operations, amphibious operations, and maritime operations. The vehicle combines the advantages of tanks, infantry fighting vehicles and helicopters used in army operations and undertakes multiple functional tasks. It has greatly improved the synthesis and three-dimensionality; when attacking the ground, the small target, good concealment and agile and maneuverable vehicle has the common functions of helicopters and combat vehicles of the army aviation.

[0005] The existing technology adopts the "mushroom-shaped" "increasing propeller area" to solve the problem of the flying car "flying". If the width of the car body is 2 meters, the diameter of the "mushroom-shaped" combined propeller on the top of the car body is 3-4 times the width of the car body. Such a huge flying car must have high energy consumption, a relatively large transmission mechanism, and a relatively large weight, and its prospects are difficult to predict. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes a flying car based on a multi-stage vector ducted fan, aiming to solve the problems of miniaturization, low energy consumption, light structure and low cost of the wingless flying car by adopting the flying car with a multi-stage vector ducted fan.

[0007] The present invention proposes the following technical solutions to solve the technical problems

[0008] A flying car based on multi-stage vector ducted fans is a wingless vertical take-off and landing flying car: an upper layer and a lower layer are provided, a plurality of vector ducted fans and a vector ducted fan flight power component for forming the lifting force and control force of the flying car are installed around the lower layer of the flying car; a power system, a sensor group and a central processing unit are installed in the middle of the lower layer of the flying car; the vector ducted fans near the front and rear ends of the lower layer of the flying car are also provided with wheels for ground operation and landing, including a front steering wheel and two rear driving wheels; a double driving seat is provided at the front end of the upper layer of the flying car near the front steering wheels, and a cargo hold is provided behind the double driving seats; each of the plurality of vector ducted fans is independently controllable, and the power output of each vector ducted fan and the opening angle of the vector grid are controlled by the central processing unit to achieve an optimized automatically balanced flight route and fuel consumption.

[0009] The vector ducted fan flight power assembly utilizes a vector ducted fan to generate exhaust airflow downward, and through an angle-adjusting grid plate, deflects the direction of the high-speed exhaust airflow to generate a power device that generates axial and lateral thrust along the duct; each set of multi-stage vector ducted fans is an independently controllable angle steering power device with a variable jet direction.

[0010] The plurality of vector ducted fans may be composed of a plurality of single-stage or multi-stage vector fans to form a power group, which are arranged in series along the duct axis to form a jet power system with high efficiency, high speed and high load output.

[0011] The multi-stage vector ducted fan includes a multi-stage vector ducted fan with an adjustable stator mechanism: a stator blade angle adjustment mechanism and a rotating ring stator angle adjustment mechanism are provided between the upper and lower fan rotors, and the rotating ring stator angle adjustment mechanism drives the stator blade angle adjustment mechanism to achieve a slight deflection angle adjustment of the stator blades of each stage of the fan.

[0012] The power system installed in the middle of the lower layer of the flying car includes an onboard battery pack, a power cabin with a DC motor, and a fuel tank; the onboard battery pack is used to drive the flying car to run on the ground using the electric energy of the onboard battery pack when the flying car is running on the ground; the DC motor is used for the two rear driving wheels of the flying car.

[0013] The lower layer of the tail of the flying car is provided with a rear equipment cabin, and the upper layer of the tail is provided with a rear fuel bunker.

[0014] Advantages and effects of the present invention

[0015] 1. The present invention overcomes traditional prejudices, cleverly utilizes the space of the vehicle body, and realizes a flying car that can take off and land vertically without wings: the vehicle body is reasonably divided into an upper layer, a lower layer, a periphery, a middle part, and a tail part; a plurality of vector duct fans and wheels are arranged at the periphery of the lower layer; a power system and a central processing unit are arranged in the middle part of the lower layer; the front part of the upper layer is used as a cab, the middle part of the upper layer is used as a cargo hold, and a rear fuel bunker and a rear equipment compartment are installed at the tail of the vehicle. Through the above series of arrangements, the layout of various parts of the flying car is compact, the space is fully utilized, and the problems of miniaturization, low energy consumption, light structure, and low cost are effectively solved.

[0016] 2. The present invention organically combines the upper layer, lower layer, periphery, middle part and tail part of the flying car, and supports and depends on each other, thus achieving outstanding substantial characteristics and remarkable progress of miniaturization, low energy consumption, light structure and low cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A top view of the flying car of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a front view of the flying car of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3a The schematic diagram of the ducted fan with rotatable vector control of the aerodynamic rudder is shown;

[0020] Figure 3b This is the schematic diagram of a single-stage vector aerodynamic rudder deep ducted fan;

[0021] Figure 3c This is the schematic diagram of the multi-stage vector aerodynamic rudder deep duct fan;

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a multi-stage ducted fan with an adjustable stator blade mechanism according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4-1 is a schematic diagram of a deflectable stator blade;

[0024] Figure 4-2 A schematic diagram of a mechanism for adjusting the angle of a stator by rotating a circular ring;

[0025] Figure 4-3 Schematic diagram of the mechanism for adjusting the angle of the stator by rotating the circular ring;

[0026] Figure 5A This is a schematic diagram of the actual airflow direction at the outlet after the first-stage fan is accelerated;

[0027] Figure 5B This is a schematic diagram of the actual thrust direction at the outlet of the first-stage fan after acceleration;

[0028] Figure 5C It is a schematic diagram of the airflow entering the second-stage fan at a certain angle α after being refracted by the stator blades;

[0029] Figure 5D This is a schematic diagram showing that the rotational energy of the second-stage fan airflow is substantially zero;

[0030] In the figure: 1: stator blade angle adjustment mechanism; 1-1: duct cylinder; 1-2: center support frame; 1-3: deflectable stator blade; 1-4: blade shaft; 2: rotating ring to adjust the stator angle mechanism; 2-1: rotatable ring; 2-1-1: push-pull connecting rod; 2-1-2: push-pull actuator; 2-2: deflection crank; 3: electric drive. 6: flying car; 6-1: multi-stage vector ducted fan; 6-2-1: onboard battery pack; 6-2-2: power cabin; 6-2-3: front fuel tank; 6-4-1: front steering wheel; 6-4-2: main drive wheel; 6-5-1: front equipment rudder; 6-6: cargo hold; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] Design principle of the present invention

[0032] 1. Multi-stage vector ducted fan technology

[0033] The vector ducted fan power system is a power device that uses the ducted fan to generate downward exhaust airflow, and by adjusting the grid angle, deflects the direction of the high-speed exhaust airflow to generate thrust along the duct axial and lateral directions. The fan in the duct is composed of one (single-stage) or multiple (multi-stage) fans, which are arranged in series along the duct axis to form a high-efficiency, high-load output jet power system.

[0034] One or more single-stage / multi-stage vector ducted fan unit groups are used as the take-off and landing, cruise flight, maneuvering flight power or other auxiliary power of the vertical take-off and landing aircraft, and can also be used as the power for ground operation.

[0035] When operating on the ground, the flying car is powered by an electric car with an additional set of wheel axle motors driving the flying car. The power comes from an onboard battery pack or a single-stage / multi-stage vector ducted fan unit group.

[0036] Typical applications of multi-stage vector ducted fan power technology include other winged / wingless aircraft with vertical take-off and landing, manned flying vehicles, etc. The present invention is based on the successfully developed single-stage vector shallow ducted fan and the 90 kg flying saucer developed by using the oil-electric hybrid power generation system, and describes a large thrust multi-stage vector ducted fan and a dual-purpose military and civilian assault flying vehicle based on this power.

[0037] Independent control principle of each level of fans.

[0038] All fans in the multi-stage vector ducted fan are electrically driven and independently controlled, and the stator blades between all fan rotors are also electrically driven and independently controlled. With this feature, the vector ducted fan can achieve truly optimized operation.

[0039] 3. Design stator blades with adjustable angle to optimize vector ducted fan characteristics

[0040] ⑴ The lateral force at the outlet of the rotating fan is unfavorable to the ducted fan. The reason for designing the stator blade angle to be adjustable is that the outlet of the rotating fan will generate lateral force. Figure 5A As shown, a unit airflow A 进 The speed before the fan is V 进 , the gas accelerated by the fan blades is V 出 , V 出 The direction of the tilt is from the upper left to the lower right, and at the same time a thrust F is generated from the upper left to the lower right 推 , F 推 like Figure 5B As shown, here F 推 Generate F 横 , which makes the originally non-rotating gas have rotational kinetic energy, which is not good for the ducted fan, consuming energy but not generating lift. At the same time, it affects the working cycle of the next fan.

[0041] ⑵ Design the wind direction to pass through the deflection angle of the stator blades so that the wind direction entering the second-stage fan is basically downward

[0042] like Figure 5C As shown, the first-stage rotor blades generate a horizontal speed or thrust to the right, and after passing through the stator blades with a movable angle, a speed V2 or thrust in the opposite horizontal direction is formed at the stator blade airflow outlet. Therefore, the speed and thrust at the stator blade outlet are basically downward, but there is still a horizontal component force to the left.

[0043] ⑶ Design the lateral force of the stator blades entering the second-stage fan and the lateral force of the second-stage fan itself after acceleration, so that the two are in opposite directions and offset each other. Figure 5D As shown, there are two forces in the lower right corner, one is V2 进 , one is V2 加 , these two forces are inclined in opposite directions, and the airflow direction from the stator into the second-stage fan is V2 进 In order to generate an inclination angle α from the upper right to the lower left, ideally, the inclination angle of this angle α is designed to be equal to the inclination angle of the outlet airflow α' after the second-stage fan is accelerated and the direction is opposite. 进 The transverse vector is close to or the same as the transverse component V2 of the airflow accelerated by the second stage fan 横When the rotational energy of the airflow is basically 0, the kinetic energy of the airflow is close to the ideal maximum value, and the efficiency is the highest. The gas is basically vertically downward after being accelerated by the second-stage fan, and then passes through the vector grid at the outlet of the second-stage fan to determine the final injection direction. The gas will be lost during the entire flow acceleration process, but the overall pressure recovery system is very high. When designed well, the efficiency reaches more than 95% of the energy utilization.

[0044] When the speed and maneuverability of the aircraft change during flight, the ducted fan system is adjusted to meet the flight requirements. At this time, the power speed, airflow rate and speed of the ducted fan will change, so the flow field in the entire duct must be readjusted. At this time, the adjustment function of the stator blades is an effective means to optimize the airflow field, so as to achieve the optimal function of the upper and lower two-stage fans of the ducted fan.

[0045] (4) The rotation direction of the upper and lower fans of the two-stage ducted fan is the same, or it can be opposite. Above, we only described the adjustment function of the stator between the two fans rotating in the same direction; the ducted fan of the present invention takes the two-stage as an example to illustrate the stator blade angle adjustment function. The ducted fan of the multi-stage fan is the same, but the design and calculation model are more complicated.

[0046] Based on the above principles, the present invention designs a flying car based on a multi-stage ducted fan.

[0047] A flying car based on a multi-stage vector ducted fan Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, it is characterized in that: the flying car is a wingless vertical take-off and landing flying car: it is provided with an upper layer and a lower layer, and a plurality of vector ducted fans 6-1 and a vector ducted fan flight power component for forming the lifting force and control force of the flying car are installed around the lower layer of the flying car; a power system, a sensor group and a central processing unit 6-3 are installed in the middle of the lower layer of the flying car; the vector ducted fans 6-1 near the front and rear ends of the lower layer of the flying car are also provided with wheels 6-4-1 and 6-4-2 for ground operation and landing, including a front steering wheel 6-4-1 and two rear driving wheels 6-4-2; a double driving seat 6-5 is provided at the front end of the upper layer of the flying car near the front steering wheels, and a cargo hold 6-6 is provided behind the double driving seat 6-5; each of the plurality of vector ducted fans 6-1 is independently controllable, and the power output of each vector ducted fan and the opening angle of the vector grid are controlled by the central processing unit to achieve an optimized automatic balanced flight route and fuel consumption.

[0048] The vector ducted fan flight power assembly utilizes a vector ducted fan to generate exhaust airflow downward, and through an angle-adjusting grid plate, deflects the direction of the high-speed exhaust airflow to generate a power device that generates axial and lateral thrust along the duct; each set of multi-stage vector ducted fans is an independently controllable angle steering power device with a variable jet direction.

[0049] The plurality of vector ducted fans 6-1 may be composed of a plurality of single-stage or multi-stage vector fans to form a power group, which are arranged in series along the duct axis to form a high-efficiency, high-speed, high-load output jet power system.

[0050] The multi-stage vector ducted fan is as follows Figure 4 As shown, a multi-stage vector ducted fan with adjustable stator blades is provided. Figure 4 , Figure 4-1 As shown: a stator blade angle adjustment mechanism 1 and a rotating ring stator angle adjustment mechanism 2 are provided between the upper and lower fan rotors. The rotating ring stator angle adjustment mechanism 2 drives the stator blade angle adjustment mechanism 1 to achieve a slight deflection angle adjustment of the stator blades of each fan stage.

[0051] Additional notes:

[0052] The stator blade angle adjustment mechanism 1 is as follows Figure 4-1 As shown, it includes a duct cylinder 1-1, a central support frame 1-2 at the center of the duct cylinder, a plurality of deflectable stator blades 1-3 radially arranged between the central support frame 1-2 and the duct cylinder 1-1, a blade shaft 1-4 respectively arranged at the small radius end and the large radius end of each deflectable stator blade 1-3 for connecting the central support frame 1-2 and the inner wall of the duct cylinder, and each blade shaft 1-4 close to the inner wall of the duct cylinder is connected to a rotating ring stator angle adjustment mechanism 2.

[0053] Each of the deflectable stator blades is as follows Figure 4-3 As shown, the small radius end and the large radius end are respectively arranged to connect the blade shaft 1-4 of the central support frame 1-2 and the inner wall of the duct cylinder. Specifically, one end of the central support frame 1-2 connected to the deflectable blade 1-3 and one end of the inner wall of the duct cylinder 1-1 connected to the deflectable blade 1-3 are both provided with bearings 1-5 and 1-6; the deflectable blades 1-3 are respectively fixed with their own blade shafts 1-4 by connecting pieces 1-6 arranged at the small radius end and the large radius end, and then the respective blade shafts 1-4 are connected to the bearings of the central support frame 1-2 and the bearings of the inner wall of the duct cylinder 1-1.

[0054] The rotating ring adjusting stator angle mechanism 2 is as follows Figure 4-1 As shown, specifically: the rotating ring mechanism for adjusting the fixed plate angle is provided with a rotatable ring 2-1, and a plurality of deflection cranks 2-2 corresponding to each deflectable blade on the rotatable ring 2-1; the rotatable ring 2-1 is arranged on the outer surface of the duct cylinder 1-1 close to the bottom end of the cylinder wall, and the deflection crank 2-2 is connected to the rotatable ring 2-1 at one end and connected to the blade shaft 1-4 extending out of the duct cylinder wall at the other end.

[0055] like Figure 4-2 As shown, the rotatable ring 2-1 also includes two elbow-jointed push-pull connecting rods 2-1-1 and a push-pull actuator cylinder 2-1-2. The push-pull actuator cylinder 2-1-2 is driven by an electric drive 3, and then the rotatable ring 2-1 is driven to rotate by the push-pull actuator cylinder 2-1-2.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, the power system installed in the middle of the lower layer of the flying car 6 includes an onboard battery pack 6-2-1, a power cabin 6-2-2 with a DC motor, and a front fuel tank 6-2-3; the onboard battery pack 6-2-1 is used to drive the flying car 6 to run on the ground using the electric energy of the onboard battery pack 6-2-1; the DC motor is used for the two rear driving wheels 6-4-2 of the flying car. The lower layer of the tail of the flying car 6 is provided with a rear equipment cabin 6-2-5, and the upper layer of the tail is provided with a rear fuel tank 6-2-4.

[0057] Example 1: BDM-FC01-Automatic Car

[0058] Maximum operating weight: 450 - 550 kg;

[0059] Optimum load capacity: 100 kg - 120 kg (two passengers);

[0060] Maximum flight range: 300 - 350 km;

[0061] Maximum flight speed: 150 km / h;

[0062] Economic cruising speed: 100 - 120 km / h;

[0063] Maximum flight time: 2 - 2.5 hours

[0064] Vertical take-off and landing and hovering altitude: 0 - 3000 meters.

[0065] Kerosene engine ROTAY-915 (with supercharger), three-phase generator. Electric power: 110 - 120 kW;

[0066] 12 independently controllable dual-fan vector ducted fans, 52 kg / unit lifting capacity;

[0067] "Uncontrolled self-balancing flight" and hovering power control system.

[0068] Fully automatic flight control system (dual channel)

[0069] Manual flight control system (automatic warning and prohibition system)

[0070] One 4-function optoelectronic pod;

[0071] One panoramic radar (including downward-looking radar);

[0072] Anti-collision and alarm systems;

[0073] Emergency automatic landing system (including emergency handling of fuel alarm);

[0074] A set of flight route and map automatic generation system, and a terrain display;

[0075] One emergency autopilot and communication radio;

[0076] Manual flight assisted navigation system with fully automatic Beidou or GPS coordinate indication system;

[0077] Radio altimeter, barometric altimeter and laser altimeter;

[0078] Speed ​​indicator, including airspeed indication and ground speed indication.

[0079] Example 2: BDM-FC01-Automatic Car

[0080] Maximum operating weight: 5000 - 5500 kg;

[0081] Optimum load capacity: 1000 kg - 1200 kg;

[0082] Maximum flight range: 300 - 400 km;

[0083] Maximum flight speed: 160 km / h;

[0084] Economic cruising speed: 100 - 120 km / h;

[0085] Maximum flight time: 2.5 - 3 hours

[0086] Vertical take-off and landing and hovering altitude: 0 - 3000 meters;

[0087] One 1250 kW aviation turboshaft engine (Z-9), three-phase generator power: 1200 kW;

[0088] 12 independently controllable dual-fan vector ducted fans, 500 kg / unit lifting capacity;

[0089] Non-controllable self-balancing flight and hovering power control system;

[0090] Fully automatic "uncontrollable self-balancing system" and flight path changeable control system;

[0091] GPS or Beidou navigation and inertial navigation system;

[0092] Equipped with accelerometers, flight attitude indicators and warning systems;

[0093] The flight control system is displayed on the ground control station via radio;

[0094] During the commissioning phase, a ground flight control radar station was installed;

[0095] Fully automatic flight control system (dual channel)

[0096] Manual flight control system (automatic warning and prohibition system)

[0097] Four 4-function optoelectronic pods;

[0098] One panoramic radar (including downward-looking radar);

[0099] anti-collision and inhibit alarm systems;

[0100] Emergency automatic landing system (including emergency handling of fuel alarm);

[0101] A set of flight route and map automatic generation system, and a terrain display;

[0102] One emergency autopilot and communication radio;

[0103] Manual flight assisted navigation system with fully automatic Beidou or GPS landmark indication system;

[0104] Radio altimeter, barometric altimeter and laser altimeter;

[0105] Speed ​​indicator, including airspeed indication and ground speed indication;

[0106] Image transmission and data system (100-200 km effective range);

[0107] A sea condition measurement system for offshore flights, including real-time data on wind speed, humidity, wave height, etc.;

[0108] altitude-holding flight and terrain-following systems;

[0109] Maritime satellite communication module;

[0110] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions under the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flying car based on a multi-stage vector ducted fan, characterized in that: The flying car is a wingless vertical take-off and landing flying car: it is provided with an upper layer and a lower layer, and a plurality of vector ducted fans and a vector ducted fan flight power component for forming the lifting force and control force of the flying car are installed around the lower layer of the flying car; a power system, a sensor group and a central processing unit are installed in the middle of the lower layer of the flying car; the vector ducted fans near the front and rear ends of the lower layer of the flying car are also provided with wheels for ground operation and landing, including a front steering wheel and two rear driving wheels; a double driving seat is provided at the front end of the upper layer of the flying car near the front steering wheels, and a cargo hold is provided behind the double driving seats; each of the plurality of vector ducted fans is independently controllable, and the power output of each vector ducted fan and the opening angle of the vector grid are controlled by the central processing unit to achieve an optimized automatic balanced flight route and fuel consumption; The multi-stage vector ducted fan comprises a multi-stage vector ducted fan with an adjustable stator mechanism: a stator blade angle adjustment mechanism and a rotating ring stator angle adjustment mechanism are provided between the upper and lower fan rotors, and the rotating ring stator angle adjustment mechanism drives the stator blade angle adjustment mechanism to achieve micro-deflection angle adjustment of the stator blades of each stage of the fan; The power system installed in the middle of the lower layer of the flying car includes an onboard battery pack, a power cabin with a DC motor, and a fuel tank; the onboard battery pack is used to drive the flying car to run on the ground using the electric energy of the onboard battery pack when the flying car is running on the ground; the DC motor is used for the two rear driving wheels of the flying car.

2. A flying car based on a multi-stage vector ducted fan according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vector ducted fan flight power assembly utilizes a vector ducted fan to generate exhaust airflow downward, and through an angle-adjusting grid plate, deflects the direction of the high-speed exhaust airflow to generate a power device that generates axial and lateral thrust along the duct; each set of multi-stage vector ducted fans is an independently controllable angle steering power device with a variable jet direction.

3. The flying car based on a multi-stage vector ducted fan according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower layer of the tail of the flying car is provided with a rear equipment cabin, and the upper layer of the tail is provided with a rear fuel bunker.

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