A composite pulverized coal gasification burner and its use method

Abstract

The present invention is applicable to the technical field of combustion equipment for coal powder gasification, and provides a composite coal powder gasification burner and a method for using the same; the burner comprises a nozzle portion and a feeding portion; the nozzle portion comprises an ignition nozzle, and the outer side of the ignition nozzle is concentrically arranged with a first fly ash nozzle, a first oxygen nozzle, a first shielding gas nozzle, a second oxygen nozzle, and a second shielding gas nozzle in sequence. The present invention enables waste gas or liquid waste to be ejected into the first shielding gas nozzle and the second shielding gas nozzle during the combustion process, thereby achieving the purpose of treating industrial waste gas and waste liquid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of combustion equipment for coal powder gasification, in particular to a composite coal powder gasification burner and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, there are mainly five types of combustion equipment used in pulverized coal gasification technology:

[0003] (1) Shell gasification technology is characterized by the three functions of ignition, start-up and process operation being completed independently by three types of combustion equipment. The process operation combustion equipment (usually called process burners) is installed horizontally around the furnace, with 4 or 6 evenly distributed (there are already device layout methods in China). The ignition combustion equipment (usually called ignition burners or auxiliary burners) is installed horizontally on the side of the furnace, with the same vertical position as the process burners. It has automatic ignition and flame detection functions and is equipped with an independent actuator for pushing the ignition burner into and out of the furnace. A valve and a sealing device are installed at the entrance of the furnace to seal this entrance. The start-up combustion equipment (usually called start-up burners or temperature-raising burners) is arranged above the ignition burner and extends downward into the furnace at a certain angle. Its center line intersects with the center line of the ignition burner inside the furnace. The start-up burner is also equipped with the same actuator, valve and sealing device as the ignition burner, and has the same function. When in use, the process burner has been installed in place, the ignition burner and the start-up burner are extended into the furnace, the two valves are in the open position, the ignition burner starts to work, the start-up burner is ignited, and the process burner is started after the furnace pressure is increased to the specified pressure. Then the ignition burner and the process burner are successively withdrawn from the furnace, and the valve is closed. Shell's technical principles are advanced and easy to operate, but the process is too cumbersome, there are many problems in actual use, and the maintenance cost is relatively high. The ignition burner uses gas fuel (liquefied gas LPG), and the start-up burner uses liquid fuel (diesel), with two sets of water cooling systems. The process burner has a set of water cooling system.

[0004] (2) Colin coal gasification technology is characterized by the integration of ignition, start-up and flame detection functions into a burner (usually called an ignition and start-up integrated burner, hereinafter referred to as the ignition burner), which is placed at the center of the top of the furnace and installed vertically downward, with three process burners arranged around it and installed vertically downward. The ignition burner has a complex structure and uses ultraviolet flame detection. The ignition fuel gas and the start-up fuel gas are ejected from the same nozzle, and oxygen is ejected through two nozzles respectively, with two sets of water cooling systems. The process burner has a complex structure and is a two-channel water-cooled type. The central channel is an oxygen channel with swirl blades, the annular gap channel is a coal powder channel, and the coal powder channel is a swirl channel. It is formed by spiraling several metal rods and is shaped like a spring. The processing is complex, and a water cooling system is arranged outside and inside. When in use, first ignite the ignition burner. Since the fuel gas nozzle of the ignition burner has both ignition and heating functions, and the amount of fuel gas for the two functions is not of the same order of magnitude, there are operational difficulties when switching between the ignition and heating functions. It is necessary to adjust in real time according to the signal of the flame detector. If the operation is not good, it is easy to cause failures such as flameout, causing safety hazards. The service life of this structure burner is closely related to the operation level. If the ignition state and the heating state cannot be switched quickly and smoothly, it is easy to cause rapid damage to the burner head. Since there are three process burners placed on the top of the furnace, plus the ignition burner, there are a total of four burners. For the small space on the top of the furnace, it is difficult to install and disassemble these four burners. Its advantage is that its operation process does not have the sealing device, valve and actuator of Shell technology, which simplifies the system, but puts higher requirements on the operator.

[0005] (3) Siemens GSP coal gasification technology is characterized by concentrating the functions of ignition, start-up and process operation on one burner (usually called an integrated burner), and has a flame detection function similar to Colin's coal gasification technology. Compared with Colin's technology, it further simplifies the structure of the equipment, but the requirements for operators are further increased. The central channel is the ignition channel (including the fuel gas channel and the oxygen channel), and the cooling water system is installed outside it. Further out are the process oxygen channel, cooling water system, coal powder channel, and cooling water system. The outlet of the process oxygen channel is equipped with swirl blades, and the coal powder channel has multiple symmetrically distributed coal powder pipes that rotate and coil to the burner outlet. The structure is simpler than that of the Colin burner. When in use, ignition is first ignited. At this time, the ignition channel works, the flame detector monitors the flame, and then the coal channel is fed with heated fuel gas, and the process oxygen inlet is fed with oxygen. Then the coal channel cuts into the coal powder. The amount of oxygen is adjusted according to the amount of coal powder introduced. As the amount of coal powder increases, the amount of fuel gas in the coal channel decreases. The Siemens GSP coal gasification technology does not have the three distinct processes of ignition, start-up and process operation during use, making it quite complex and difficult to operate, so the first operation of the device was a lot of hassles.

[0006] (4) Aerospace furnace HT-L coal gasification technology, its structure is improved on Siemens GSP coal gasification technology. Its structure is relatively complex. Compared with Siemens GSP, it lacks flame detection function, but it adds a start-up channel, which greatly simplifies its operation. However, its structure is complex, the volume is large, and the cost is high.

[0007] (5) The two-stage coal gasification technology of Xi'an Thermal Engineering Institute has the following characteristics compared with Shell's coal gasification technology: the coal powder enters the furnace through two height positions of the furnace, and the process burners at the two positions are installed horizontally. The structure and working method of the ignition burner and process burner are the same as those of Shell.

[0008] To sum up, the existing pulverized coal gasification burners are all pulverized coal gasification burners, which have the problem of being unable to directly treat waste gas and waste liquid. Therefore, a composite pulverized coal gasification burner and a method of use are provided. By using this technical product, a new way is provided for treating waste gas and waste liquid through a gasification process. Summary of the invention

[0009] The object of the present invention is to provide a composite pulverized coal gasification burner to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0010] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0011] A composite pulverized coal gasification burner comprises: a nozzle part and a material conveying part;

[0012] The nozzle portion comprises an ignition nozzle, and a first fly ash nozzle, a first oxygen nozzle, a first shielding gas nozzle, a second oxygen nozzle and a second shielding gas nozzle are concentrically arranged in sequence outside the ignition nozzle.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the feeding part includes an ignition channel arranged in the center; a fly ash channel, an oxygen channel and a shielding gas channel are sequentially arranged on the outside of the ignition channel, the shielding gas channel is connected to the first shielding gas nozzle and the second shielding gas nozzle, and the oxygen channel is connected to the first oxygen nozzle and the second oxygen nozzle.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: the fly ash channel is provided with a fly ash inlet for conveying coal powder or other medium to be burned into the fly ash channel, and the fly ash inlet is a single inlet or multiple inlets.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention: a distributor is arranged between the nozzle part and the feeding part.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention: a third through hole is arranged in the middle position of the distributor, a second through hole and a first through hole are concentrically arranged on the outside of the third through hole in sequence, and a third outlet is arranged between the second through hole and the first through hole; the third through hole is sleeved on the outside of the ignition channel, and a gap is arranged, and the third through hole and the outside of the ignition channel form a fly ash channel; the ignition nozzle is connected with the ignition channel; the second through hole and the first through hole respectively connect the first oxygen nozzle and the second oxygen nozzle with the oxygen channel.

[0017] As a further solution of the present invention: the second through hole 72 and the first through hole 73 are both composed of a plurality of circular holes arranged circumferentially.

[0018] As a further solution of the present invention: the distributor is fixedly mounted on the end of the oxygen channel and is arranged inside the shielding gas channel. The shielding gas transported in the shielding gas channel is connected with the second shielding gas nozzle through the area enclosed by the outer side of the distributor and the inner wall of the shielding gas channel. At the same time, a connecting hole connecting the outer side of the distributor with the third outlet is also provided inside the distributor, and the third outlet is connected with the first shielding gas nozzle.

[0019] As a further solution of the present invention: a cooling water channel is also provided outside the shielding gas channel, circulating cooling water is input into the cooling water channel, and an air layer is provided between the water cooling channel and the steam channel.

[0020] As a further solution of the present invention: it also includes a temperature sensor.

[0021] As a further solution of the present invention: the temperature sensor is fixedly installed on the feeding part, and its probe is arranged on the nozzle part.

[0022] The present invention provides another technical solution as follows:

[0023] A method for using a composite pulverized coal gasification burner comprises the following steps:

[0024] Introducing ignition air and ignition gas into the ignition channel to perform ignition;

[0025] The start-up fuel gas is introduced into the shielding gas channel, and the start-up oxygen is introduced into the oxygen channel, and the start-up flame is ignited;

[0026] Stop supplying ignition air and ignition gas into the ignition channel, the ignition flame goes out, supply process pulverized coal into the fly ash channel, supply oxygen into the oxygen channel, and the pulverized coal flame is ignited by the start-up flame;

[0027] Stop supplying start-up fuel gas into the shielding gas channel, stop supplying start-up oxygen into the oxygen channel, and at the same time supply shielding gas or waste gas and waste liquid into the shielding gas channel.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: ignition gas is ejected through the ignition nozzle to ignite, fly ash is ejected from the first fly ash nozzle, oxygen is ejected from the first oxygen nozzle and the second oxygen nozzle, and shielding gas is ejected from the first shielding gas nozzle and the second shielding gas nozzle to burn; the ejected oxygen and shielding gas are crossed by setting the first oxygen nozzle, the first shielding gas nozzle, the second oxygen nozzle and the second shielding gas nozzle, so that the oxygen is more dispersed, so that the coal powder can be more evenly mixed with the oxygen, so that the combustion is more complete; furthermore, waste gas or liquid waste can be ejected into the first shielding gas nozzle and the second shielding gas nozzle during the combustion process, so as to achieve the purpose of treating industrial waste gas and waste liquid. The present invention provides a new way to treat waste gas and waste liquid through a gasification process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the composite pulverized coal gasification burner.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the nozzle part of the composite pulverized coal gasification burner.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the distributor in the composite pulverized coal gasification burner.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a state diagram of the ignition process of the nozzle part of the composite pulverized coal gasification burner.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a status diagram of the start-up process of the nozzle part of the composite pulverized coal gasification burner.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a status diagram of the start-up and feeding process of the nozzle part of the composite pulverized coal gasification burner.

[0035] Figure 7 This is a status diagram of the process feeding process in the nozzle part of the composite pulverized coal gasification burner.

[0036] In the figure: ignition nozzle-1, first fly ash nozzle-2, first oxygen nozzle-3, first shielding gas nozzle-4, second oxygen nozzle-5, second shielding gas nozzle-6, distributor-7, temperature sensor-11, cooling water outlet-13, cooling water inlet-14, shielding gas inlet-15, oxygen inlet-16, fly ash inlet-17, ignition air inlet-18, ignition gas inlet-19, ignition channel-20, fly ash channel-21, oxygen channel-22, shielding gas channel-23, cooling water channel-24, air interlayer-25, third through hole-71, second through hole-72, first through hole-73, third outlet-74, connecting hole-75. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention, including but not limited to increasing the number of coal powder channels and coal powder nozzles.

[0038] like Figure 1-2 As shown, it is a structural diagram of a composite coal powder gasification burner provided by an embodiment of the present invention, comprising: a nozzle part and a material conveying part;

[0039] The nozzle portion comprises an ignition nozzle 1, and a first fly ash nozzle 2, a first oxygen nozzle 3, a first shielding gas nozzle 4, a second oxygen nozzle 5 and a second shielding gas nozzle 6 are concentrically arranged in sequence on the outer side of the ignition nozzle 1.

[0040] In an embodiment of the present invention, ignition gas is sprayed out through the ignition nozzle 1 to carry out ignition, fly ash is sprayed out from the first fly ash nozzle 2, oxygen is sprayed out from the first oxygen nozzle 3 and the second oxygen nozzle 5, and shielding gas is sprayed out from the first shielding gas nozzle 4 and the second shielding gas nozzle 6 to carry out combustion; by setting the first oxygen nozzle 3, the first shielding gas nozzle 4, the second oxygen nozzle 5 and the second shielding gas nozzle 6, the sprayed oxygen and the shielding gas are crossed, so that the oxygen is more dispersed, and the coal powder can be mixed with the oxygen more evenly, so that the combustion is more complete; furthermore, waste gas or liquid waste can be sprayed into the first shielding gas nozzle 4 and the second shielding gas nozzle 6 during the combustion process, so as to achieve the purpose of treating industrial waste gas and waste liquid.

[0041] In order to provide raw materials for the nozzle part, the feeding part includes an ignition channel 20 arranged in the center; the outer side of the ignition channel 20 is sequentially sleeved with a fly ash channel 21, an oxygen channel 22 and a shielding gas channel 23, the shielding gas channel 23 is connected to the first shielding gas nozzle 4 and the second shielding gas nozzle 6, and the oxygen channel 22 is connected to the first oxygen nozzle 3 and the second oxygen nozzle 5. This arrangement makes the nozzle part structure simpler.

[0042] A distributor 7 is provided between the nozzle part and the material delivery part. The distributor 7 is provided to connect each nozzle of the nozzle part with each flow channel of the material delivery part.

[0043] like Figure 3As shown, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a third through hole 71 is provided in the middle position of the distributor 7, a second through hole 72 and a first through hole 73 are concentrically provided on the outside of the third through hole 71, and a third outlet 74 is provided between the second through hole 72 and the first through hole 73; the third through hole 71 is sleeved on the outside of the ignition channel 20, and a gap is provided, and the third through hole 71 and the outside of the ignition channel 20 form a fly ash channel.

[0044] The ignition nozzle 1 is connected to the ignition channel 20; the second through hole 72 and the first through hole 73 respectively connect the first oxygen nozzle 3 and the second oxygen nozzle 5 to the oxygen channel 22; the distributor 7 is fixedly sleeved at the end of the oxygen channel 22 and arranged inside the shielding gas channel 23, and the shielding gas transported in the shielding gas channel 23 is connected to the second shielding gas nozzle 6 through the area enclosed by the outer side of the distributor 7 and the inner wall of the shielding gas channel 23, and the distributor 7 is also provided with a connecting hole 75 connecting the outer side of the distributor 7 with the third outlet 74, and the third outlet 74 is connected to the first shielding gas nozzle 4. Specifically, the third through hole 71 and the outer side of the ignition channel 20 form a fly ash channel, and the transported fly ash is sprayed out through the first fly ash nozzle 2. The ignition gas in the ignition channel 20 is transported to the ignition nozzle 1 for spraying; the first through hole 73 and the second through hole 72 transport the oxygen in the oxygen channel 22 to the first oxygen nozzle 3 and the second oxygen nozzle 5 for spraying; the connecting hole 75 outputs the shielding gas in the shielding gas channel 23 to the first shielding gas nozzle 4 for spraying. The distributor 7 is provided to realize the cross output of oxygen and shielding gas.

[0045] The second through hole 72 and the first through hole 73 are both composed of a plurality of circular holes arranged circumferentially.

[0046] In order to cool the present invention, a cooling water channel 24 is also provided outside the shielding gas channel 23, and circulating cooling water is input into the cooling water channel 24 to cool the burner.

[0047] An air layer 25 is provided between the shielding air channel 23 and the cooling water channel 24 .

[0048] The ignition channel 20 is provided with an ignition air inlet 18 and an ignition gas inlet 19 , and the ignition air inlet 18 and the ignition gas inlet 19 are used to transport ignition air and ignition gas into the ignition channel 20 .

[0049] The fly ash channel 21 is provided with a fly ash inlet 17 for conveying coal powder or other medium to be burned into the fly ash channel 21 , and the fly ash inlet 17 may be a single inlet or multiple inlets.

[0050] The oxygen passage 22 is provided with an oxygen inlet 16 for delivering oxygen into the oxygen passage 22 .

[0051] The shielding gas passage 23 is provided with a shielding gas inlet 15 for conveying shielding gas or waste gas or waste liquid to be processed into the shielding gas passage 23 .

[0052] The fly ash channel 21, oxygen channel 22 and shielding gas channel 23 are annular in shape, preferably circular in shape, or other annular shapes.

[0053] The ignition channel 20 may be composed of a circular tube or other pipes, and the fly ash channel 21, oxygen channel 22 and shielding gas channel 23 may be composed of other circular tubes or pipes of other shapes which are sequentially sleeved on the outside of the ignition channel 20.

[0054] The present invention further comprises a temperature sensor 11, which is fixedly mounted on the feeding part and has a probe arranged on the nozzle part, which is convenient for measuring the working temperature of the present invention. The temperature sensor 11 is a thermocouple.

[0055] The cooling water channel 24 is also provided with a cooling water outlet 13 and a cooling water inlet 14 , which facilitates injecting circulating coolant into the cooling water channel 24 .

[0056] like Figure 4-7 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for using a composite pulverized coal gasification burner, comprising the following steps:

[0057] Introduce ignition air and ignition gas into the ignition passage 20 to perform ignition;

[0058] The start-up fuel gas is introduced into the shielding gas channel 23, and the start-up oxygen is introduced into the fly ash channel 21, and the start-up flame is ignited;

[0059] Stop introducing ignition air and ignition gas into the ignition channel 20, the ignition flame goes out, introduce process pulverized coal into the fly ash channel 21, introduce oxygen into the oxygen channel 22, and the pulverized coal flame is ignited by the start-up flame;

[0060] Stop introducing the start-up fuel gas into the shielding gas channel 23 , stop introducing the start-up oxygen into the oxygen channel 22 , and at the same time introduce shielding gas or waste gas and waste liquid into the shielding gas channel 23 .

[0061] Specifically: 1. Ignition process: The present invention is installed on the top of the gasifier, first, ignition air is introduced through the ignition air inlet 18, and ignition fuel gas is introduced through the ignition fuel gas inlet 19, and the ignition flame is ignited by the high-energy igniter. After the flame is ignited, the fire detection probe in the ignition burner senses the flame and outputs a switch quantity fire detection signal.

[0062] 2. Start-up process: The start-up fuel gas is introduced through the shielding gas channel 23, and the start-up oxygen is introduced through the oxygen channel 22. The start-up flame is ignited by the ignition flame, and the pressure and temperature of the gasifier are increased at the same time. During the process of increasing temperature and pressure, the ignition flame burns together.

[0063] 3. Start-up and feeding process: turn off the ignition fuel gas and ignition air, and the ignition flame goes out. The process pulverized coal is introduced through the fly ash channel 21, and the process oxygen is introduced through the oxygen channel 22. The pulverized coal flame is ignited by the start-up flame, and the pressure and temperature of the gasifier are increased at the same time. In this process, the start-up flame burns with the gasifier.

[0064] 4. Process feeding process: turn off the start-up fuel gas and start-up oxygen, and at the same time introduce shielding gas or waste gas and waste liquid through the shielding gas channel 23, and the ignition flame is extinguished. The burner enters the process feeding working stage.

[0065] The present invention arranges a first oxygen nozzle 3, a first shielding gas nozzle 4, a second oxygen nozzle 5 and a second shielding gas nozzle 6 to cross the sprayed oxygen with the shielding gas, thereby making the oxygen more dispersed, so that the coal powder can be more evenly mixed with the oxygen, and the combustion is more complete; furthermore, during the combustion process, waste gas or liquid waste can be sprayed into the first shielding gas nozzle 4 and the second shielding gas nozzle 6, thereby achieving the purpose of treating industrial waste gas and waste liquid.

[0066] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0067] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A composite pulverized coal gasification burner, characterized in that: include: Nozzle part and feeding part; The nozzle part includes an ignition nozzle, and the outer side of the ignition nozzle is concentrically arranged with a first fly ash nozzle, a first oxygen nozzle, a first shielding gas nozzle, a second oxygen nozzle and a second shielding gas nozzle in sequence; a distributor is arranged between the nozzle part and the feeding part; The feeding part includes an ignition channel arranged in the center; a fly ash channel, an oxygen channel and a shielding gas channel are sequentially sleeved on the outside of the ignition channel, the shielding gas channel is connected to the first shielding gas nozzle and the second shielding gas nozzle, and the oxygen channel is connected to the first oxygen nozzle and the second oxygen nozzle; The fly ash channel is provided with a fly ash inlet for conveying coal powder or other medium to be burned into the fly ash channel, and the fly ash inlet is a single inlet or multiple inlets; A third through hole is provided in the middle of the distributor, a second through hole and a first through hole are concentrically provided on the outside of the third through hole, and a third outlet is provided between the second through hole and the first through hole; the third through hole is sleeved on the outside of the ignition channel, and a gap is provided, and the third through hole and the outside of the ignition channel form a fly ash channel; the ignition nozzle is connected to the ignition channel; the second through hole and the first through hole respectively connect the first oxygen nozzle and the second oxygen nozzle to the oxygen channel; The distributor is fixedly mounted on the end of the oxygen channel and is arranged inside the shielding gas channel. The shielding gas transported in the shielding gas channel is connected with the second shielding gas nozzle through the area enclosed by the outer side of the distributor and the inner wall of the shielding gas channel. At the same time, a connecting hole is also provided inside the distributor to connect the outer side of the distributor with the third outlet, and the third outlet is connected with the first shielding gas nozzle.

2. The composite pulverized coal gasification burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second through hole and the first through hole are both composed of a plurality of circular holes arranged circumferentially.

3. The composite pulverized coal gasification burner according to claim 2, characterized in that: A cooling water channel is also sleeved on the outside of the shielding gas channel, and circulating cooling water is input into the cooling water channel. An air layer is arranged between the cooling water channel and the shielding gas channel.

4. The composite pulverized coal gasification burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: A temperature sensor is also included.

5. A method for using the composite pulverized coal gasification burner according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Introducing ignition air and ignition gas into the ignition channel to perform ignition; The start-up fuel gas is introduced into the shielding gas channel, and the start-up oxygen is introduced into the oxygen channel, and the start-up flame is ignited; Stop supplying ignition air and ignition gas into the ignition channel, the ignition flame goes out, supply process pulverized coal into the fly ash channel, supply oxygen into the oxygen channel, and the pulverized coal flame is ignited by the start-up flame; Stop supplying start-up fuel gas into the shielding gas channel, stop supplying start-up oxygen into the oxygen channel, and at the same time supply shielding gas or waste gas and waste liquid into the shielding gas channel.

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