Door opening and closing device and unloading equipment

Abstract

The present invention discloses a door opening and closing device and a material discharging device, which relates to the technical field of material discharging devices, and the main purpose is to delay the time when the teeth of the rack are worn, thereby extending the service life of the rack, and then extending the service life of the door opening and closing device, and at the same time delaying the occurrence of gear jamming after long-term use. The main technical scheme of the present invention is: the door opening and closing device includes: a door body, on which a rack is arranged; a gear, which can mesh with the rack to drive the door body to open or close; a first disengagement structure, which is used to disengage the gear and the rack by a second distance when the rack moves a first distance and the gear continues to rotate; wherein the first distance is the distance that the rack and the gear mesh and move; a second disengagement structure, which is used to increase the second distance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of material unloading equipment, and in particular to a door opening and closing device and material unloading equipment. Background Art

[0002] In the realization of automatic kitchen feeding, it is usually necessary to accurately and quantitatively add seasonings, such as salt, chicken essence, starch and other solid seasonings. However, solid seasonings, especially salt, sugar, chicken essence, etc., are easily affected by moisture and agglomerate when exposed to the air for a long time. Agglomerated seasonings adhere to the discharge port, which will reduce the feeding accuracy and even cause blockage and make feeding impossible. If accurate or smooth feeding is to be achieved, the seasoning discharge port needs to be sealed, open when feeding, and close after feeding to prevent water vapor from entering.

[0003] At present, a door opening and closing device is generally used to open and close the seasoning outlet, and the door opening and closing device is usually driven by a gear rack structure to realize its opening or closing. Under normal circumstances, when the door opening and closing device is in the open state and the closed state, the gear and the rack are in a critical state of just disengaging from contact. When the gear continues to rotate, if the gear and the rack are misaligned or moved due to external factors such as vibration, a tooth jam phenomenon will occur, resulting in the door opening and closing device being unable to open or close smoothly. In order to solve this technical problem, in the related art, a disengagement structure is usually set in the door opening and closing device. Specifically, a disengagement dial table is set on the door body, and a toggle part is set on the gear. When the gear and the rack are in a critical state of just disengaging from contact, the gear continues to rotate, and the toggle part can toggle the disengagement dial table, so that the rack can continue to move a certain distance, thereby disengaging the gear and the rack, avoiding the occurrence of the tooth jam phenomenon, so that the door opening and closing device can be opened or closed smoothly.

[0004] However, since the toggle portion needs to toggle the disengagement dial to achieve the mutual disengagement of the gear and the rack, the disengagement dial will be worn during use and the degree of wear of the disengagement dial will gradually increase with the passage of time, thereby gradually reducing the disengagement distance between the gear and the rack. When the disengagement distance is small to a certain extent, the gear may contact the teeth at the end of the rack during continued rotation, causing the teeth to be worn or even stuck during rotation, thereby shortening the service life of the rack, and then shortening the service life of the door opening and closing device, and the door may not be opened and closed smoothly due to stuck teeth. Summary of the invention

[0005] An embodiment of the present invention provides a door opening and closing device and a material unloading device, the main purpose of which is to delay the wear time of the teeth of the rack, thereby extending the service life of the rack, and then extending the service life of the door opening and closing device, while delaying the occurrence of gear jamming after long-term use.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention mainly provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] In one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a door opening and closing device, comprising:

[0008] A door body, wherein a rack is provided on the door body;

[0009] A gear, the gear being meshed with the rack to drive the door to open or close;

[0010] a first disengagement structure, wherein the first disengagement structure is used to disengage the gear and the rack by a second distance when the rack moves a first distance and the gear continues to rotate; wherein the first distance is a distance that the rack and the gear move in meshing;

[0011] A second disengagement structure, wherein the second disengagement structure is used to increase the second distance.

[0012] Furthermore, the door opening and closing device further comprises:

[0013] A toggle part, wherein the toggle part is arranged on the gear;

[0014] The first disengagement structure includes a disengagement dialing platform disposed on the door body, and the driving portion is used to lift the disengagement dialing platform when the rack moves a first distance and the gear continues to rotate, so as to disengage the gear and the rack by the second distance.

[0015] Further, the shifting part includes a shifting claw;

[0016] The second disengagement structure comprises an extension section connected to the free end of the pusher claw, the extension section is arranged to extend along the length direction of the pusher claw, and the extension section is used to rotate with the gear and lift the disengagement platform;

[0017] and / or,

[0018] The disengagement stage is located at the end of the rack;

[0019] The second disengagement structure includes the disengagement stage and a disengagement tooth on the rack close to the disengagement stage, wherein the distance between the disengagement tooth and the disengagement stage in the length direction of the rack is greater than a first preset value, so that after the gear and the rack are disengaged by the second distance, the distance between the tooth of the gear and the disengagement tooth is greater than the second preset value;

[0020] and / or,

[0021] The second disengagement structure includes the disengagement dialing platform, and the disengagement dialing platform is a dialing platform made of wear-resistant material.

[0022] Further, the first disengagement structure comprises a high-positioned convex tooth provided on the gear, the tooth top circle diameter of the high-positioned convex tooth is larger than the tooth top circle diameters of other teeth on the gear, and the high-positioned convex tooth is used to mesh with the teeth at the end of the rack to drive the rack to continue to move, so that the gear and the rack are disengaged from the second distance;

[0023] or,

[0024] The door opening and closing device further comprises a base, and the door body is movably arranged on the base;

[0025] The first disengagement structure includes a first magnet, and a second magnet and / or a third magnet, wherein the first magnet is arranged on the door body, the second magnet and the third magnet are arranged on the base, and the third magnet is located on the upper part of the second magnet, the first magnet and the second magnet repel each other, and the first magnet and the third magnet attract each other;

[0026] When the gear meshes with the teeth at the end of the rack and the gear continues to rotate, the first magnet is located between the second magnet and the third magnet.

[0027] Furthermore, the door opening and closing device further comprises:

[0028] The meshing structure is arranged on the door body and is used to cooperate with the toggle part to switch the gear and the rack to a meshing state when the gear and the rack are in a disengaged state and the gear rotates.

[0029] Further, the gear includes adjacent meshing sections and non-meshing sections, and the meshing sections can be meshed and connected with the rack;

[0030] The first disengagement structure includes the non-engaging section, wherein the non-engaging section includes a toothless section and / or a toothed section, wherein the height of the teeth of the toothed section is smaller than the height of the teeth of the engaging section.

[0031] Furthermore, when the toggle portion and the meshing structure cooperate with each other, the teeth on the meshing section adjacent to the non-meshing section can begin to mesh and connect with the rack.

[0032] Further, the rack includes a first end and a second end opposite to each other;

[0033] The meshing structure comprises a first meshing dial and a second meshing dial, wherein the first meshing dial is arranged at the first end, and the second meshing dial is arranged at the second end;

[0034] The disengagement dialing platform comprises a first disengagement dialing platform and a second disengagement dialing platform, wherein the first disengagement dialing platform is arranged at the first end, and the second disengagement dialing platform is arranged at the second end;

[0035] The first engagement stage and the second disengagement stage are located on one side in the length direction of the rack, and the second engagement stage and the first disengagement stage are located on the other side in the length direction of the rack;

[0036] The toggle parts are arranged on the side surface of the gear, and the number of the toggle parts is at least two; at least one toggle part is arranged on each of the two side surfaces of the gear.

[0037] Further, the first engagement dialing platform, the second engagement dialing platform, the first disengagement dialing platform and the second disengagement dialing platform respectively include a first force applying surface for contacting and applying force to the driving portion, and the first force applying surface is a plane;

[0038] and / or,

[0039] The shifting portion includes a second force applying surface for contacting and applying force to the first engagement shifting platform, the second engagement shifting platform, the first disengagement shifting platform and the second disengagement shifting platform, wherein the second force applying surface is a plane;

[0040] The free end of the shifting portion is provided with an arc-shaped chamfered surface connected to the second force-applying surface.

[0041] Further, the first engagement dial and the second disengagement dial are used to cooperate with the toggle portion when opening the door body, and the second engagement dial and the first disengagement dial are used to cooperate with the toggle portion when closing the door body; wherein,

[0042] The toggle portion is fixedly arranged on the gear; the meshing structure and the disengagement dial are rotatably arranged on the door body, respectively; the first meshing dial and the second disengagement dial, and the second meshing dial and the first disengagement dial cannot be toggled by the toggle portion in the door opening direction and the door closing direction of the door body, respectively, and can be toggled by the toggle portion in the direction opposite to the door opening direction and the door closing direction of the door body;

[0043] The shifting part can shift the first meshing shifting stage or the second disengaging shifting stage toward the door opening direction of the door body, or shift the second meshing shifting stage or the first disengaging shifting stage toward the door closing direction of the door body, so that the gear and the rack are meshed and connected or disengaged;

[0044] or,

[0045] The meshing structure and the disengagement stage are fixedly arranged on the door body; the toggle portion is rotatably arranged on the gear, and the toggle portion can only rotate between a first initial position and a first preset position, and the first initial position and the first preset position are arranged around the axis of the gear. When the toggle portion is in the first initial position, the toggle portion can pull up the meshing structure or the disengagement stage in a direction away from the first preset position, so that the gear is meshed and connected with the rack or disengaged from each other;

[0046] or,

[0047] The first engagement dial table and the second disengagement dial table are rotatably arranged on the door body, and the first engagement dial table and the second disengagement dial table cannot be toggled by the toggle portion in the door opening direction of the door body, and can be toggled by the toggle portion in the direction opposite to the door opening direction of the door body, and the second engagement dial table and the first disengagement dial table are fixedly arranged on the door body;

[0048] At least two of the toggle parts respectively arranged on the two sides of the gear, the toggle part matched with the first engagement stage and the second disengagement stage is fixedly arranged on the gear, and the toggle part matched with the second engagement stage and the first disengagement stage is rotatably arranged on the gear, and the rotatable toggle part can only rotate between a second initial position and a second preset position, and the second initial position and the second preset position are arranged around the axis of the gear;

[0049] When the rotatable toggle portion is in the second initial position, the toggle portion can toggle the second engagement stage or the first disengagement stage away from the second preset position, so that the gear is engaged with or disengaged from the rack;

[0050] The shifting part can shift the first engagement shifting platform or the second disengagement shifting platform toward the door opening direction of the door body, so that the gear and the rack are engaged or disengaged;

[0051] or,

[0052] The first engagement dial and the second disengagement dial are fixedly arranged on the door body, the second engagement dial and the first disengagement dial are rotatably arranged on the door body, and the second engagement dial and the first disengagement dial cannot be moved by the moving part in the door closing direction of the door body, and can be moved by the moving part in the direction opposite to the door closing direction of the door body;

[0053] At least two of the toggle parts respectively arranged on the two sides of the gear, the toggle part matched with the first engagement stage and the second disengagement stage is rotatably arranged on the gear, and the rotatable toggle part can only rotate between a third initial position and a third preset position, and the third initial position and the third preset position are arranged around the axis of the gear; the toggle part matched with the second engagement stage and the first disengagement stage is fixedly arranged on the gear;

[0054] When the rotatable toggle portion is in the third initial position, the toggle portion can toggle the first engagement stage or the second disengagement stage away from the third preset position, so that the gear is engaged with or disengaged from the rack;

[0055] The shifting portion can shift the second engagement shifting platform or the first disengagement shifting platform toward the door closing direction of the door body, so that the gear and the rack are engaged or disengaged.

[0056] Furthermore, the shifting part further comprises a limiting claw, which is rotatably disposed on the gear, and the shifting claw is integrally connected with the limiting claw. When the shifting claw rotates to a preset angle, the limiting claw can abut against the rotating shaft of the gear to limit the shifting claw.

[0057] The door opening and closing device further comprises a reset structure, and the reset structure is used to cooperate with the toggle part to reset the toggle part.

[0058] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides a material unloading device, including the aforementioned door opening and closing device.

[0059] By means of the above technical solution, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0060] In the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the first disengagement structure can make the gear and the rack disengage a second distance when the rack and the gear are meshed and moved a first distance and the gear continues to rotate, and the second disengagement structure can increase the second distance, that is, the second disengagement structure can make the second distance of disengagement of the gear and the rack larger, so that it is achieved that the teeth at the end of the rack only begin to wear when the second disengagement structure is worn more, thereby delaying the time for the teeth of the rack to wear, thereby extending the service life of the rack, and also extending the service life of the door opening and closing device. Compared with the absence of the second disengagement structure, the door opening and closing device will not get stuck until it has been used for a longer time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0061] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0062] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a door opening and closing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle door body;

[0064] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure in which the middle gear and the shifting part are connected;

[0065] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a door opening and closing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention in which the door body is in a closed state;

[0066] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of another door opening and closing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention in which the door body is in a closed state;

[0067] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the rack and the gear starting to mesh in a door opening and closing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the start-up meshing of a rack and a gear in another door opening and closing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a structure in which a rack and a gear are meshed and moved a first distance in a door opening and closing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0070] Fig. 9 A schematic structural diagram of another door opening and closing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, in which a rack and a gear are meshed and moved a first distance;

[0071] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of a structure in which a door body is in an open state and a rack continues to move a second distance in a door opening and closing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0072] Fig.11 A schematic structural diagram of another door opening and closing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention in which the door body is in an open state and the rack continues to move a second distance;

[0073] Fig.12 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a gear in the door opening and closing device shown;

[0074] Fig.13 for Figure 1A schematic diagram of the structure of another gear in the door opening and closing device shown;

[0075] Fig.14 A schematic structural diagram of a material discharging device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0076] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0077] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0078] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0079] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0080] like Figures 1 to 3 , Figures 5 to 11 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a door opening and closing device, including a door body 1, on which a rack 2 is arranged; a gear 3, which can mesh with the rack 2 to drive the door body 1 to open or close; a first disengagement structure 4, which is used to make the gear 3 and the rack 2 disengage a second distance when the rack 3 moves a first distance and the gear 3 continues to rotate; wherein the first distance can be the distance that the rack 2 and the gear 3 mesh and move; a second disengagement structure, which is used to increase the second distance.

[0081] In the door opening and closing device provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the first disengagement structure can make the gear and the rack disengage a second distance when the rack and the gear are meshed and moved a first distance and the gear continues to rotate, and the second disengagement structure can increase the second distance, that is, the second disengagement structure can make the second distance at which the gear and the rack disengage is larger, so that it is achieved that the teeth at the end of the rack only begin to wear when the second disengagement structure is worn more, thereby delaying the time for the teeth of the rack to wear, thereby extending the service life of the rack, and also extending the service life of the door opening and closing device. Compared with the absence of the second disengagement structure, the door opening and closing device can be used for a longer time before the tooth jamming phenomenon occurs.

[0082] Further, see Figure 1 , Figures 5 to 11 The door opening and closing device may further include a toggle portion 6, which is disposed on the gear 3; the first disengagement structure 4 may include a disengagement stage disposed on the door body 1, and the toggle portion 6 is used to pull up the disengagement stage when the rack 3 moves a first distance and the gear 3 continues to rotate, so that the gear 3 and the rack 2 are disengaged by a second distance. Figure 1 As shown, the disengagement stage includes a first disengagement stage 41 and a second disengagement stage 42 .

[0083] In the embodiment of the present invention, the toggle portion 6 is arranged on the gear 3 and can rotate synchronously with the gear 3. The disengagement dial platform is arranged on the door body 1 and can move synchronously with the rack 2. When the rack 3 moves a first distance and the gear 3 continues to rotate, the toggle portion 6 can pull up the disengagement dial platform, so that the rack 2 moves a second distance through the disengagement dial platform, thereby causing the gear 3 and the rack 2 to disengage from each other by the second distance, thereby causing the gear 3 and the rack 2 to disengage from each other, thereby avoiding the gear 3 and the rack 2 from getting stuck, and ensuring the smooth opening or closing of the door body 1.

[0084] The second separation structure may have various structural forms, as long as it can increase the second distance.

[0085] Specifically, see Figure 3 , Fig.10 and Fig.11 The shifting portion 6 may include a shifting claw 61; and the second disengagement structure may include an extension section 611 connected to the free end of the shifting claw 61, the extension section 611 may be extended along the length direction of the shifting claw 61, and the extension section 611 is used to rotate with the gear 3 and shift up and disengage from the shifting platform.

[0086] In the embodiment of the present invention, the second disengagement structure can be an extension section 611 arranged at the free end of the pusher claw 61. When the rack 3 moves a first distance and the gear 3 continues to rotate, the pusher claw 61 is pushed up to disengage from the dial platform. Due to the existence of the extension section 611, the second distance that the pusher claw 61 is pushed up to disengage from the dial platform will be larger, thereby increasing the disengagement distance between the gear 3 and the rack 2, thereby delaying the time for the teeth at the end of the rack 2 to be worn, thereby extending the service life of the rack 2, and also extending the service life of the door opening and closing device.

[0087] It should be noted that the design length of the extension section 611 only needs to maximize the requirement of moving the disengagement platform further away, and should not come into contact with the door body 1 to ensure smooth meshing of the gear 3 and the rack 2.

[0088] Of course, the second separation structure is not limited to the above-mentioned structural form. Figure 2 , Fig.10 and Fig.11 , the disengagement stage is located at the end of the rack 2; the second disengagement structure may include the disengagement stage itself and a disengagement tooth 21 on the rack 2 close to the disengagement stage, that is, the first meshing tooth on the rack 2 close to one end of the disengagement stage, and the distance between the disengagement tooth 21 and the disengagement stage in the length direction of the rack 2 may be greater than a first preset value, so that after the gear 3 and the rack 2 are disengaged by a second distance, the distance between the tooth of the gear 3 and the disengagement tooth 21 is greater than a second preset value, and the second preset value may be 2 mm

[0089] In the embodiment of the present invention, by setting the distance between the disengagement platform and the disengagement tooth 21 in the length direction of the rack 2 to be greater than the first preset value, that is, by increasing the distance between the disengagement platform and the disengagement tooth 21, it can be achieved that after the gear 3 and the rack 2 are disengaged, the distance between the two will be greater, thereby increasing the disengagement distance between the gear 3 and the rack 2, thereby delaying the time for the teeth at the end of the rack 2 to be worn, thereby extending the service life of the rack 2, and also extending the service life of the door opening and closing device, and also delaying the occurrence of the tooth jamming phenomenon after long-term wear. Among them, the setting of the size of the first preset value can be determined according to the required reliable disengagement distance between the gear 3 and the rack 2. For example, the size of the first preset value should meet the requirement that after the gear 3 and the rack 2 are disengaged, the distance between the two is greater than the second preset value, and the second preset value can be 2mm.

[0090] Of course, the second separation structure is not limited to the above-mentioned structural form. Figure 2 , Fig.10 and Fig.11The second disengagement structure may include the disengagement stage itself, and the disengagement stage may be made of wear-resistant material to improve the wear resistance of the disengagement stage, thereby delaying the time for the teeth at the end of the rack 2 to be worn, thereby extending the service life of the rack 2, and also extending the service life of the door opening and closing device, and also delaying the occurrence of the tooth jamming phenomenon after long-term wear. Among them, the disengagement stage can be made of carburized material, ceramic material, etc.

[0091] It is understandable that the structural schemes of the above-mentioned second disengagement structures can be used separately or in combination. Specifically, the toggle portion 6 may include a pusher claw 61; the second disengagement structure may include an extension section 611 connected to the free end of the pusher claw 61, the extension section 611 extending along the length direction of the pusher claw 61; and the disengagement stage is located at the end of the rack 2; the second disengagement structure may also include the disengagement stage and a disengagement tooth 21 on the rack 2 close to the disengagement stage, the distance between the disengagement tooth 21 and the disengagement stage in the length direction of the rack 2 is greater than a first preset value. Alternatively, the toggle portion 6 may include a pusher claw 61; the second disengagement structure may include an extension section 611 connected to the free end of the pusher claw 61, the extension section 611 extending along the length direction of the pusher claw 61; and the second disengagement structure may also include the disengagement stage, the disengagement stage being a stage made of wear-resistant material. Alternatively, the disengagement stage is located at the end of the rack 2; the second disengagement structure may also include the disengagement stage and the disengagement tooth 21 on the rack 2 close to the disengagement stage, the distance between the disengagement tooth 21 and the disengagement stage in the length direction of the rack 2 is greater than the first preset value; and the second disengagement structure may also include the disengagement stage, which is a stage made of wear-resistant material. Alternatively, the shifting portion 6 may include a finger 61; the second disengagement structure may include an extension section 611 connected to the free end of the finger 61, the extension section 611 is extended along the length direction of the finger 61; and the disengagement stage is located at the end of the rack 2; the second disengagement structure may also include the disengagement stage and the disengagement tooth 21 on the rack 2 close to the disengagement stage, the distance between the disengagement tooth 21 and the disengagement stage in the length direction of the rack 2 is greater than the first preset value; and the second disengagement structure may also include the disengagement stage, which is a stage made of wear-resistant material.

[0092] There may be various structural forms of the first disengagement structure, as long as the gear 3 and the rack 2 can be disengaged by a second distance when the rack 3 moves a first distance and the gear 3 continues to rotate.

[0093] Specifically, see Fig.13 , and combined with Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Fig.10 and Fig.11The first disengagement structure 4 may include a high-positioned convex tooth 5 arranged on the gear 3, the top circle diameter of the high-positioned convex tooth 5 is larger than the top circle diameter of other teeth on the gear 3, and the high-positioned convex tooth 5 is used to engage with the teeth at the end of the rack 2 to drive the rack 2 to continue to move, so that the gear 3 and the rack 2 are disengaged by a second distance.

[0094] In the embodiment of the present invention, by arranging the high-position convex tooth 5 on the gear 3, it is achieved that when the gear 3 is about to be meshed with the rack 2, the high-position convex tooth 5 can mesh with the teeth at the end of the rack 2. At this time, the gear 3 continues to rotate. Since the top circle diameter of the high-position convex tooth 5 is relatively large, the high-position convex tooth 5 will continue to squeeze the tooth, so that the rack 2 continues to move a distance, which is the second distance, thereby ensuring that the gear 3 is disengaged from the rack 2, so that the gear 3 can be completely re-engaged with the rack 2 when the gear 3 is reversed, and no tooth jamming will occur.

[0095] Of course, the first separation structure 4 is not limited to the above-mentioned structural form. Fig.10 and Fig.11 The door opening and closing device may further include a base 7, on which the door body 1 may be movably disposed; the first disengagement structure 4 may include a first magnet, and a second magnet and / or a third magnet, the first magnet being disposed on the door body 1, the second magnet and the third magnet being disposed on the base 7, and the third magnet being located on the upper part of the second magnet, the first magnet and the second magnet repel each other, and the first magnet and the third magnet attract each other; when the gear 3 is engaged with the teeth at the end of the rack 2 and the gear 3 continues to rotate, the first magnet is located between the second magnet and the third magnet.

[0096] In the embodiment of the present invention, through the arrangement of the first magnet, the second magnet and / or the third magnet, and when the gear 3 is meshed with the teeth at the end of the rack 2 and the gear 3 continues to rotate, the first magnet is located between the second magnet and the third magnet, and the third magnet is at the upper part and the second magnet is at the lower part. Since the first magnet and the second magnet repel each other and the first magnet and the third magnet attract each other, the second magnet can push the door body upward under the repulsive force of the first magnet at this time, and the third magnet can suck the door body 1 upward under the attractive force of the first magnet, so that the rack 2 on the door body 1 can continue to move a distance, which is the second distance, thereby ensuring that the gear 3 is disengaged from the rack 2, so that the gear 3 can completely re-engage with the rack 2 when it is reversed, and no tooth jamming will occur.

[0097] Further, see Figure 2 , Figures 4 to 11The door opening and closing device may further include a meshing structure 8, which is disposed on the door body 1 and is used to cooperate with the toggle portion 6 to switch the gear 3 and the rack 2 to a meshing state when the gear 3 and the rack 2 are in a disengaged state and the gear 3 rotates. That is, after the gear 3 and the rack 2 are disengaged from each other, the gear 3 rotates in the opposite direction, and the toggle portion 6 can cooperate with the meshing structure 8, so that the gear 3 and the rack 2 restart the meshing to switch the opening and closing state of the door body 1.

[0098] The first separation structure 4 is not limited to the above-mentioned structure. Fig.12 , and combined with Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Fig.10 and Fig.11 The gear 3 may include adjacent meshing sections 31 and non-meshing sections 32 , and the meshing section 31 may be meshed and connected with the rack 2 ; the first disengagement structure 4 may include the non-meshing section 32 .

[0099] In the embodiment of the present invention, by providing the meshing section 31 and the non-meshing section 32 on the gear 3, the gear 3 can be meshed and connected with the rack 2 on the door body 1 through the meshing section 31 to drive the door body 1 to open or close. Moreover, when the gear 3 and the rack 2 start to mesh, that is, when the tooth adjacent to the non-meshing section 32 on the meshing section 31 begins to mesh with the first tooth on the rack 2, since the tooth side on the gear 3 is the non-meshing section 32 that does not contact the rack 2 at this time, even if abnormal conditions such as vibration occur at this time, it will not cause the gear 3 and the rack 2 to be stuck. Similarly, when the gear 3 and the rack 2 are disengaged, that is, after the tooth adjacent to the non-meshing section 32 on the meshing section 31 is meshed with the last tooth on the rack 2, since the tooth side on the gear 3 is the non-meshing section 32 that does not contact the rack 2 at this time, the gear 3 and the rack 2 can be better and completely disengaged from the second distance. Therefore, even if abnormal conditions such as vibration occur at this time, it will not cause the gear 3 and the rack 2 to be stuck.

[0100] Among them, see Fig.12 , the non-meshing section 32 may include a toothless section and / or a toothed section, and the height of the teeth of the toothed section is less than the height of the teeth of the meshing section 31. It should be noted here that the height of the teeth of the toothed section should be so small that it cannot contact the rack 2, and thus cannot mesh with the rack 2. In other words, the non-meshing section 32 may be a toothless section, and the surface of the toothless section may be located at the root circle of the gear 3, or may not be located at the root circle, as long as it can be ensured that the toothless section will not contact the rack 2 during the rotation of the gear 3; or, the non-meshing section 32 may be a toothed section, but the height of the teeth of the toothed section is not enough to contact and mesh with the rack 2; or, the non-meshing section 32 may be a combination of a toothless section and a toothed section, which may be selected according to the actual use of the door opening and closing device, and is not limited here.

[0101] Specifically, see Figure 2 , Figures 4 to 11 The rack 2 may include a first end and a second end opposite to each other; the meshing structure 8 may include a first meshing dial 81 and a second meshing dial 82, the first meshing dial 81 is arranged at the first end, and the second meshing dial 82 is arranged at the second end; the disengagement dial may include a first disengagement dial 41 and a second disengagement dial 42, the first disengagement dial 41 is arranged at the first end, and the second disengagement dial 42 is arranged at the second end; the first meshing dial 81 and the second disengagement dial 42 are located on one side in the length direction of the rack 2, and the second meshing dial 82 and the first disengagement dial 41 are located on the other side in the length direction of the rack 2; the toggle portion 6 is arranged on the side of the gear 3, and the number thereof is at least two; at least one toggle portion 6 is respectively arranged on both side surfaces of the gear 3.

[0102] In the embodiment of the present invention, the first engagement stage 81 and the second disengagement stage 42 can cooperate with the toggle portion 6 on the corresponding side of the gear 3 to realize opening the door, and the second engagement stage 82 and the first disengagement stage 41 can cooperate with the toggle portion 6 on the other side of the gear 3 to realize closing the door. Specifically, when the door body 1 switches from the closed state to the open state, the toggle portion 6 can pull up the first engagement stage 81, so that the gear 3 and the rack 2 start to mesh, and after the rack 2 and the gear 3 mesh and move a first distance, the gear 3 continues to rotate, and the toggle portion 6 pulls up the second disengagement stage 42, so that the gear 3 and the rack 2 are disengaged by a second distance, and at the same time, the second disengagement structure also increases the second distance. Correspondingly, when the door body 1 switches from an open state to a closed state, the toggle part 6 can pull up the second engagement dial 82, so that the gear 3 starts to engage with the rack 2. After the rack 2 engages with the gear 3 and moves a first distance, the gear 3 continues to rotate, and the toggle part 6 pulls up the first disengagement dial 41, so that the gear 3 and the rack 2 disengage a second distance. At the same time, the second disengagement structure also increases the second distance. At this point, the opening, closing and closing process of the door body 1 is completed, the structure is simple, and the implementation is reliable.

[0103] It should be noted that see Figure 1 and Figure 2 , two symmetrically arranged toggle parts 6 can be respectively provided on the two sides of the gear 3, so that the gear 3 can be rotated half a circle to cooperate with the meshing structure or the disengagement stage through the corresponding toggle part 6, so as to realize the start engagement and disengagement of the gear 3 and the rack 2, thereby improving the opening and closing efficiency of the door opening and closing device. In addition, in the movement direction of the rack 2, the first meshing stage 81 is away from the middle of the rack 2 relative to the first disengagement stage 41, and the second meshing stage 82 is away from the middle of the rack 2 relative to the second disengagement stage 42, so as to facilitate the reliable cooperation between the toggle part 6 and the corresponding stage.

[0104] In order to reduce the wear of the meshing structure 8 and the disengagement stage, the first meshing stage 81, the second meshing stage 82, the first disengagement stage 41 and the second disengagement stage 42 respectively include a first force-applying surface for contacting and applying force to the toggle portion 6, and the first force-applying surface may be a plane; and / or the toggle portion 6 may include a second force-applying surface for contacting and applying force to the first meshing stage 81, the second meshing stage 82, the first disengagement stage 41 and the second disengagement stage 42, and the second force-applying surface may be a plane. Such a structural setting can reduce the sliding generated when the toggle portion 6 cooperates with the meshing structure 8 or the disengagement stage, thereby reducing the wear of the meshing structure 8 and the disengagement stage, and further delaying the time for the teeth of the rack 2 to be worn, thereby further extending the service life of the rack 2, and also extending the service life of the door opening and closing device.

[0105] Specifically, the free end of the toggle part 6 can be provided with an arc-shaped chamfered surface connected to the second force-applying surface, that is, the end of the toggle part 6 is provided with a smoothly transitioned chamfer, so that the friction force encountered by the toggle part 6 when contacting and toggling with the meshing structure 8 or disengaging the toggle table is smaller, thereby reducing the wear of the toggle part 6 and extending its service life.

[0106] In the embodiment of the present invention, since the gear 3 can be connected to the feeding screw, the gear 3 is driven to rotate by rotating the feeding screw, and when the door body 1 is in an open state or a closed state, the feeding screw usually continues to rotate to perform feeding or stirring processes. Therefore, when the door body 1 is in an open state or a closed state, the gear 3 usually needs to continue to rotate.

[0107] In order to ensure that the gear 3 can smoothly continue to rotate when the door body 1 is in an open state or a closed state, specifically, see Figure 2 , Figures 4 to 11 The toggle portion 6 can be fixedly arranged on the gear 3; the meshing structure 8 and the disengagement dial table are respectively rotatably arranged on the door body 1, and the first meshing dial table 81 and the second disengagement dial table 42, as well as the second meshing dial table 82 and the first disengagement dial table 41 cannot be toggled by the toggle portion 6 in the door opening direction and the door closing direction of the door body 1, and can be toggled by the toggle portion 6 in the direction opposite to the door opening direction and the door closing direction of the door body 1; the toggle portion 6 can pull up the first meshing dial table 81 or the second disengagement dial table 42 in the door opening direction of the door body 1, or pull up the second meshing dial table 82 or the first disengagement dial table 41 in the door closing direction of the door body 1, so as to make the gear 3 mesh with the rack 2 or disengage from each other.

[0108] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first engaging dial 81 and the second disengaging dial 42 are unidirectionally rotatably arranged on the door body 1, that is, the two can only rotate in the direction opposite to the door opening direction of the door body 1, but cannot rotate in the door opening direction of the door body 1, so that the toggle portion 6 on the corresponding side of the gear 3 can push the first engaging dial 81 and the second disengaging dial 42 in the door opening direction of the door body 1, so that the gear 3 is meshed and connected with the rack 2 or disengaged, thereby ensuring the smooth opening of the door body 1; in the process of closing the door body 1, the second disengaging dial 42 can be forced by the toggle portion 6 on the corresponding side of the gear 3 to rotate in the direction opposite to the door opening direction, and will not interfere with the movement of the door body 1. When the door body 1 is in a closed state, the gear 3 continues to rotate, and the first engaging dial 81 can be forced by the toggle portion 6 on the corresponding side of the gear 3 to rotate in the direction opposite to the door opening direction, and will not interfere with the rotation of the gear 3, thereby ensuring the smooth closing of the door body 1 and the smooth progress of processes such as stirring.

[0109] Correspondingly, the second meshing dial table 82 and the first disengaging dial table 41 are also unidirectionally rotatable on the door body 1, that is, the two can only rotate in the direction opposite to the closing direction of the door body 1, but cannot rotate in the closing direction of the door body 1, so that the toggle portion 6 on the corresponding side of the gear 3 can pull up the second meshing dial table 82 and the first disengaging dial table 41 in the closing direction of the door body 1, so that the gear 3 is meshed and connected with the rack 2 or disengaged, thereby ensuring the smooth closing of the door body 1; in the process of opening the door body 1, the first disengaging dial table 41 can be forced by the toggle portion 6 on the corresponding side of the gear 3 to rotate in the direction opposite to the closing direction, without interfering with the movement of the door body 1; when the door body 1 is in the open state, the gear 3 continues to rotate, and the second meshing dial table 82 can be forced by the toggle portion 6 on the corresponding side of the gear 3 to rotate in the direction opposite to the closing direction, without interfering with the rotation of the gear 3, thereby ensuring the smooth opening of the main body 1 and the smooth progress of processes such as unloading.

[0110] It should be noted that the above-mentioned “moving” can be understood as: the first meshing dial 81, the second disengaging dial 42, the second meshing dial 82 or the first disengaging dial 41 can rotate along with the moving action of the moving part 6, so that the gear 3 can continue to rotate smoothly; and “moving up” can be understood as: the first meshing dial 81, the second disengaging dial 42, the second meshing dial 82 or the first disengaging dial 41 can move under the moving action of the moving part 6, thereby driving the door body 1 to move to achieve opening or closing.

[0111] Alternatively, see Figure 2 , Figures 4 to 11The meshing structure 8 and the disengagement dial are fixedly arranged on the door body 1; the toggle part 6 is rotatably arranged on the gear 3, and the toggle part 6 can only rotate between a first initial position and a first preset position, and the first initial position and the first preset position are arranged around the axis of the gear 3. When the toggle part 6 is in the first initial position, the toggle part 6 can lift the meshing structure 8 or the disengagement dial in the direction away from the first preset position, so that the gear 3 is meshed and connected with the rack 2 or disengaged.

[0112] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the toggle portion 6 is unidirectionally rotatably arranged on the gear 3. The toggle portion 6 can rotate toward the first preset position, or reset to the initial position, but cannot rotate from the first initial position to the direction away from the first preset position. When the toggle portion 6 toggles the meshing structure 8 or disengages from the dialing platform in the direction away from the first preset position, since the toggle portion 6 cannot rotate from the first initial position to the direction away from the first preset position, the toggle portion 6 on the corresponding side of the gear 3 will pull up the meshing structure 8 or disengage from the dialing platform in the direction away from the first preset position, so that the gear 3 is meshed and connected with the rack 2 or disengaged; moreover, during the opening or closing process of the door body 1, and when the door body 1 is in the open or closed state, the gear 3 continues to rotate, the toggle portion 6 on the corresponding side of the gear 3 will rotate in the direction of the first preset position under the force of the corresponding meshing structure 8 or disengagement from the dialing platform, thereby ensuring the smooth opening or closing of the door body 1 and the smooth progress of processes such as feeding or stirring.

[0113] Alternatively, see Figure 2 , Figures 4 to 11 The first meshing dial table 81 and the second disengaging dial table 42 are rotatably arranged on the door body 1, and the first meshing dial table 81 and the second disengaging dial table 42 cannot be toggled by the toggle portion 6 in the door opening direction of the door body 1, and can be toggled by the toggle portion 6 in the direction opposite to the door opening direction of the door body 1, and the second meshing dial table 82 and the first disengaging dial table 41 are fixedly arranged on the door body 1; at least two toggle portions 6 are respectively arranged on both sides of the gear 3, and the toggle portions 6 cooperating with the first meshing dial table 81 and the second disengaging dial table 42 are fixedly arranged on the gear 3, and the toggle portions 6 cooperating with the second meshing dial table 82 and the first disengaging dial table 41 The matching toggle part 6 is rotatably arranged on the gear 3, and the rotatable toggle part 6 can only rotate between a second initial position and a second preset position, and the second initial position and the second preset position are arranged around the axis of the gear 3; when the rotatable toggle part 6 is in the second initial position, the toggle part 6 can push the second engagement dial table 82 or the first disengagement dial table 41 in the direction away from the second preset position, so that the gear 3 is meshed and connected with the rack 2 or disengaged; the toggle part 6 can push the first engagement dial table 81 or the second disengagement dial table 42 in the direction of opening the door body 1, so that the gear 3 is meshed and connected with the rack 2 or disengaged.

[0114] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first engaging dial 81 and the second disengaging dial 42 are unidirectionally rotatably arranged on the door body 1, and the toggle portion 6 cooperating with the first engaging dial 81 and the second disengaging dial 42 is fixedly arranged on the gear 3, the second engaging dial 82 and the first disengaging dial 41 are fixedly arranged on the door body 1, and the toggle portion 6 cooperating with the second engaging dial 82 and the first disengaging dial 41 is rotatably arranged on the gear 3, which can also ensure that there will be no interference with the movement of the door body 1 and the rotation of the gear 3, thereby ensuring the smooth opening or closing of the door body 1 and the smooth progress of processes such as feeding or stirring. The specific working principle can refer to the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention and will not be repeated here.

[0115] Alternatively, see Figure 2 , Figures 4 to 11 The first meshing dial 81 and the second disengaging dial 42 are fixedly arranged on the door body 1, the second meshing dial 82 and the first disengaging dial 41 are rotatably arranged on the door body 1, and the second meshing dial 82 and the first disengaging dial 41 cannot be toggled by the toggle part 6 in the closing direction of the door body 1, and can be toggled by the toggle part 6 in the direction opposite to the closing direction of the door body 1; among the at least two toggle parts 6 respectively arranged on the two side surfaces of the gear 3, the toggle part 6 matched with the first meshing dial 81 and the second disengaging dial 42 is rotatably arranged on the gear 3, and the rotatable toggle part 6 can only be toggled in the third initial The toggle portion 6 can rotate between the initial position and the third preset position, and the third initial position and the third preset position are arranged around the axis of the gear 3; the toggle portion 6 cooperating with the second meshing dial table 82 and the first disengagement dial table 41 is fixedly arranged on the gear 3; when the rotatable toggle portion 6 is in the third initial position, the toggle portion 6 can pull up the first meshing dial table 81 or the second disengagement dial table 42 in the direction away from the third preset position, so that the gear 3 is meshed and connected with the rack 2 or disengaged; the toggle portion 6 can pull up the second meshing dial table 82 or the first disengagement dial table 41 in the closing direction of the door body 1, so that the gear 3 is meshed and connected with the rack 2 or disengaged.

[0116] According to the embodiment of the present invention, the first meshing dial table 81 and the second disengaging dial table 42 are fixedly arranged on the door body 1, and the toggle portion 6 matched with the first meshing dial table 81 and the second disengaging dial table 42 is rotatably arranged on the gear 3, the second meshing dial table 82 and the first disengaging dial table 41 are rotatably arranged on the door body 1, and the toggle portion 6 matched with the second meshing dial table 82 and the first disengaging dial table 41 is fixedly arranged on the gear 3, which can also ensure that there will be no interference with the movement of the door body 1 and the rotation of the gear 3, thereby ensuring the smooth opening or closing of the door body 1 and the smooth progress of processes such as feeding or stirring. The specific working principle can refer to the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention and will not be repeated here.

[0117] Specifically, there are many ways to set the aforementioned meshing structure 8 and the disengagement dial on the door body for unidirectional rotation. For example, a magnet can be set on the door body 1, and magnets can also be set on the meshing structure 8 and the disengagement dial respectively, or metal parts can be set on the meshing structure 8 and the disengagement dial, so that the door body 1 can attract the meshing structure 8 and the disengagement dial, so that the meshing structure 8 and the disengagement dial can be fixed to the door body, and can overcome the magnetic attraction of the magnet under the toggle action of the toggle part 6 to rotate in the direction opposite to the door opening direction and the door closing direction. Moreover, a stopper can be set on the door body 1 at the corresponding position where the structure 8 and the disengagement dial are located. The corresponding stopper is used to prevent the meshing structure 8 and the disengagement dial from rotating in the door opening direction or the door closing direction, thereby realizing the unidirectional rotation of the meshing structure 8 and the disengagement dial, which has a simple structure and is easy to implement.

[0118] Specifically, the toggle part 6 may further include a limit claw 62, which is rotatably arranged on the gear 3, and the toggle claw 61 is integrally connected with the limit claw 62. When the toggle claw 61 rotates to a preset angle, the limit claw 62 can abut against the rotating shaft 33 of the gear 3 to limit the toggle claw 61; the door opening and closing device may further include a reset structure 9, which is used to cooperate with the toggle part 6 to reset the toggle part 6. That is to say, by setting the limit claw 62, the limit claw 62 can cooperate with the rotating shaft 33 of the gear 3 to realize the rotation of the toggle part 6 within a preset area, with a simple structure and reliable use. Among them, the reset structure 9 can be a torsion spring, which is sleeved on the rotating shaft of the toggle part 6, and the first end of the torsion spring abuts against the gear 3, and the second end of the torsion spring abuts against the toggle part 6. Such a structure is compact and has a long service life. Of course, the reset structure 6 can also be a tension spring, a compression spring or a rubber component.

[0119] like Fig.14 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a material unloading device, including the aforementioned door opening and closing device, and may also include a driving mechanism, a material bottle and a quantitative structure.

[0120] The unloading equipment provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a door opening and closing device, in which the first disengagement structure can cause the gear and the rack to disengage a second distance when the rack and the gear are meshed and moved a first distance and the gear continues to rotate, and the second disengagement structure can increase the second distance, that is, the second disengagement structure can make the second distance at which the gear and the rack disengage is larger, so that the teeth at the end of the rack begin to wear only when the second disengagement structure is worn more, thereby delaying the time for the teeth of the rack to wear, thereby extending the service life of the rack, and also extending the service life of the door opening and closing device.

[0121] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a material discharge module, which may include a material bottle, a quantitative structure and the aforementioned switch door structure.

[0122] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a kitchen appliance, such as a cooking machine, a batching machine, etc., which may include the above-mentioned feeding device.

[0123] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A door opening and closing device, characterized in that: include: A door body (1), wherein a rack (2) is provided on the door body (1); A gear (3), wherein the gear (3) can mesh with the rack (2) to drive the door body (1) to open or close; a first disengagement structure (4), the first disengagement structure (4) being used to disengage the gear (3) and the rack (2) by a second distance when the rack (2) moves a first distance and the gear (3) continues to rotate; wherein the first distance is a distance of meshing movement of the rack (2) and the gear (3); a second disengagement structure, wherein the second disengagement structure is used to increase the second distance; The door opening and closing device further comprises: A toggle portion (6), wherein the toggle portion (6) is arranged on the gear (3); The first disengagement structure (4) comprises a disengagement dial table arranged on the door body (1), and the actuating portion (6) is used to lift the disengagement dial table when the rack (2) moves a first distance and the gear (3) continues to rotate, so that the gear (3) and the rack (2) are disengaged from the second distance; The shifting portion (6) comprises a shifting claw (61); The second disengagement structure comprises an extension section (611) connected to the free end of the pusher claw (61), the extension section (611) extending along the length direction of the pusher claw (61), the extension section (611) being used to rotate with the gear (3) and to lift the disengagement platform, and the extension section (611) can increase the disengagement distance between the gear (3) and the rack (2); and / or, The disengagement platform is located at the end of the rack (2); The second disengagement structure comprises the disengagement platform and a disengagement tooth (21) on the rack (2) close to the disengagement platform, wherein the distance between the disengagement tooth (21) and the disengagement platform in the length direction of the rack (2) is greater than a first preset value, so that after the gear (3) and the rack (2) are disengaged by the second distance, the distance between the tooth of the gear (3) and the disengagement tooth (21) is greater than the second preset value.

2. The door opening and closing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The disengagement stage is made of wear-resistant material.

3. The door opening and closing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first disengagement structure (4) comprises a high-position convex tooth (5) arranged on the gear (3), the tooth top circle diameter of the high-position convex tooth (5) is larger than the tooth top circle diameters of other teeth on the gear (3), and the high-position convex tooth (5) is used to mesh with the teeth at the end of the rack (2) to drive the rack (2) to continue to move, so that the gear (3) and the rack (2) are disengaged from the second distance; or, The door opening and closing device further comprises a base (7), and the door body (1) is movably arranged on the base (7); The first disengagement structure (4) comprises a first magnet, and a second magnet and / or a third magnet, wherein the first magnet is arranged on the door body (1), the second magnet and the third magnet are arranged on the base (7), and the third magnet is located on the upper part of the second magnet, the first magnet and the second magnet repel each other, and the first magnet and the third magnet attract each other; When the gear (3) is meshed with the teeth at the end of the rack (2) and the gear (3) continues to rotate, the first magnet is located between the second magnet and the third magnet.

4. The door opening and closing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: A meshing structure (8), wherein the meshing structure (8) is arranged on the door body (1) and is used to cooperate with the shifting portion (6) to switch the gear (3) and the rack (2) to a meshing state when the gear (3) and the rack (2) are in a disengaged state and the gear (3) rotates.

5. The door opening and closing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gear (3) comprises adjacent meshing sections (31) and non-meshing sections (32), and the meshing sections (31) can be meshedly connected with the rack (2); The first disengagement structure (4) comprises the non-engaging section (32), wherein the non-engaging section (32) comprises a toothless section and / or a toothed section, wherein the height of the teeth of the toothed section is smaller than the height of the teeth of the engaging section (31).

6. The door opening and closing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the toggle portion (6) and the meshing structure (8) cooperate with each other, the teeth on the meshing section (31) adjacent to the non-meshing section (32) can begin to mesh with the rack (2).

7. The door opening and closing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rack (2) comprises a first end and a second end opposite to each other; The meshing structure (8) comprises a first meshing dial platform (81) and a second meshing dial platform (82), wherein the first meshing dial platform (81) is arranged at the first end, and the second meshing dial platform (82) is arranged at the second end; The disengagement dialing platform comprises a first disengagement dialing platform (41) and a second disengagement dialing platform (42), wherein the first disengagement dialing platform (41) is arranged at the first end, and the second disengagement dialing platform (42) is arranged at the second end; The first engagement dial platform (81) and the second disengagement dial platform (42) are located on one side of the rack (2) in the length direction, and the second engagement dial platform (82) and the first disengagement dial platform (41) are located on the other side of the rack (2) in the length direction; The toggle parts (6) are arranged on the side surfaces of the gear (3), and the number of the toggle parts is at least two; at least one toggle part (6) is respectively arranged on the two side surfaces of the gear (3).

8. The door opening and closing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first engaging dial platform (81), the second engaging dial platform (82), the first disengaging dial platform (41) and the second disengaging dial platform (42) respectively comprise a first force applying surface for contacting and applying force to the driving portion (6), and the first force applying surface is a plane; and / or, The shifting portion (6) comprises a second force-applying surface for contacting and applying force to the first engagement shifting platform (81), the second engagement shifting platform (82), the first disengagement shifting platform (41) and the second disengagement shifting platform (42), wherein the second force-applying surface is a plane; The free end of the shifting portion (6) is provided with an arc-shaped chamfered surface connected to the second force-applying surface.

9. The door opening and closing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first engagement dial table (81) and the second disengagement dial table (42) are used to cooperate with the toggle portion (6) when opening the door body (1), and the second engagement dial table (82) and the first disengagement dial table (41) are used to cooperate with the toggle portion (6) when closing the door body (1); wherein, The toggle portion (6) is fixedly arranged on the gear (3); the meshing structure (8) and the disengagement dial table are respectively rotatably arranged on the door body (1); the first meshing dial table (81) and the second disengagement dial table (42), and the second meshing dial table (82) and the first disengagement dial table (41) cannot be toggled by the toggle portion (6) in the door opening direction and the door closing direction of the door body (1), and can be toggled by the toggle portion (6) in the direction opposite to the door opening direction and the door closing direction of the door body (1); The shifting portion (6) can shift the first meshing shifting platform (81) or the second disengaging shifting platform (42) in the direction of opening the door body (1), or shift the second meshing shifting platform (82) or the first disengaging shifting platform (41) in the direction of closing the door body, so that the gear (3) and the rack (2) are meshed and connected or disengaged; or, The meshing structure (8) and the disengagement dial are fixedly arranged on the door body (1); the toggle portion (6) is rotatably arranged on the gear (3); the toggle portion (6) can only rotate between a first initial position and a first preset position; the first initial position and the first preset position are arranged around the axis of the gear (3); when the toggle portion (6) is in the first initial position, the toggle portion (6) can toggle the meshing structure (8) or the disengagement dial in a direction away from the first preset position, so that the gear (3) is meshed with or disengaged from the rack (2); or, The first engagement dial table (81) and the second disengagement dial table (42) are rotatably arranged on the door body (1), and the first engagement dial table (81) and the second disengagement dial table (42) cannot be moved by the moving part (6) in the door opening direction of the door body (1), and can be moved by the moving part (6) in the direction opposite to the door opening direction of the door body (1), and the second engagement dial table (82) and the first disengagement dial table (41) are fixedly arranged on the door body (1); At least two of the toggle parts (6) are respectively arranged on two sides of the gear (3), the toggle part (6) matched with the first meshing dial table (81) and the second disengaging dial table (42) is fixedly arranged on the gear (3), the toggle part (6) matched with the second meshing dial table (82) and the first disengaging dial table (41) is rotatably arranged on the gear (3), and the rotatable toggle part (6) can only rotate between a second initial position and a second preset position, and the second initial position and the second preset position are arranged around the axis of the gear (3); When the rotatable toggle portion (6) is in the second initial position, the toggle portion (6) can toggle the second engagement stage (82) or the first disengagement stage (41) in a direction away from the second preset position, so that the gear (3) and the rack (2) are engaged or disengaged; The shifting portion (6) can shift the first engagement shifting platform (81) or the second disengagement shifting platform (42) toward the door opening direction of the door body (1), so that the gear (3) and the rack (2) are engaged or disengaged; or, The first engagement dial table (81) and the second disengagement dial table (42) are fixedly arranged on the door body (1), the second engagement dial table (82) and the first disengagement dial table (41) are rotatably arranged on the door body (1), and the second engagement dial table (82) and the first disengagement dial table (41) cannot be moved by the moving part (6) in the door closing direction of the door body (1), and can be moved by the moving part (6) in the direction opposite to the door closing direction of the door body (1); At least two of the toggle parts (6) are respectively arranged on two sides of the gear (3); the toggle part (6) matched with the first meshing dial table (81) and the second disengaging dial table (42) is rotatably arranged on the gear (3); the rotatable toggle part (6) can only rotate between a third initial position and a third preset position, and the third initial position and the third preset position are arranged around the axis of the gear (3); the toggle part (6) matched with the second meshing dial table (82) and the first disengaging dial table (41) is fixedly arranged on the gear (3); When the rotatable toggle portion (6) is in the third initial position, the toggle portion (6) can toggle the first engagement toggle stage (81) or the second disengagement toggle stage (42) in a direction away from the third preset position, so that the gear (3) and the rack (2) are engaged or disengaged; The shifting portion (6) can shift the second engagement shifting platform (82) or the first disengagement shifting platform (41) toward the closing direction of the door body (1), so that the gear (3) and the rack (2) are engaged or disengaged.

10. The door opening and closing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shifting portion (6) further comprises a limiting claw (62), the limiting claw (62) being rotatably disposed on the gear (3), the shifting claw (61) being integrally connected with the limiting claw (62), and when the shifting claw (61) is rotated to a preset angle, the limiting claw (62) can abut against the rotating shaft (33) of the gear (3) to limit the shifting claw (61); The door opening and closing device further comprises a reset structure (9), and the reset structure (9) is used to cooperate with the toggle part (6) to reset the toggle part (6).

11. A material unloading device, characterized in that: include: A door opening and closing device according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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