Automatic assembly device and method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of automatic assembly technology, and in particular to an automatic assembly device and method. An automatic assembly device of the present invention comprises: a mechanism base plate; at least two positioning fixtures, which are arranged on the mechanism base plate and are used to carry and position the electrical components to be assembled; a rotating mechanism, which is respectively connected to the positioning fixtures to drive the positioning fixtures to move circumferentially on the mechanism base plate; and an assembly mechanism, which corresponds to the position of the assembly mechanism and the positioning fixture to install the components at the corresponding positions of the electrical components. The automatic assembly device and method of the present invention realize automated operation, can ensure the accuracy of assembly, improve assembly efficiency, solve the quality problems of missing assembly and missing punching caused by numerous assembly process actions, and eliminate potential quality risks and process problems caused by human operation, improve product quality, and are conducive to achieving efficiency control and solving the problems of tight personnel and difficulty in employing workers in enterprises.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of automatic assembly, and in particular to an automatic assembly device and method. Background Art

[0002] There are many steps in assembling the electrical box of the air conditioner outdoor unit. Among them, manual labor is required to assemble an insulating board, two wire crimping plates and a terminal board, and multiple screws are required during the assembly process. This assembly process involves a lot of materials and many employee movements. On the one hand, manual operation requires a lot of turning around, which is labor-intensive and may result in missing installations or missed connections. On the other hand, the degree of automation is not high, and the goal of reducing staff and increasing efficiency cannot be achieved.

[0003] In the prior art, a Chinese patent document (CN204253475U) discloses an electrical box assembly device, which includes: a frame, a bottom shell tooling, a grabbing manipulator and a screw machine. When the device is working, the grabbing manipulator grabs the materials one by one to complete the pre-installation of components, and then uses the screw machine to lock. However, the device can only assemble one electrical box at a time, and the manipulator can only grab one material at a time, so the production efficiency is low. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides an automatic assembly device and method, which are used to solve at least one of the above technical problems.

[0005] One aspect of the present invention provides an automatic assembly device, comprising:

[0006] Mechanism bottom plate;

[0007] At least two positioning fixtures, which are arranged on the bottom plate of the mechanism and are used to carry and position the electrical components to be assembled;

[0008] A rotating mechanism, each of which is connected to the positioning fixtures to drive the positioning fixtures to move circumferentially on the mechanism bottom plate; and

[0009] An assembly mechanism, wherein the assembly mechanism corresponds to the position of the positioning tool so as to install components at corresponding positions of the electrical components.

[0010] In one embodiment, the rotating mechanism comprises: a rotating platform and a rotating motor, wherein the rotor of the rotating motor passes through the mechanism bottom plate and is detachably connected to the center of the rotating platform, and the peripheral edges of the rotating platform are detachably connected to at least two of the positioning fixtures respectively;

[0011] At least two positioning fixtures are arranged on the bottom plate of the mechanism at equal angles along its circumference.

[0012] Wherein, each of the positioning tools comprises: a positioning platform for carrying the electrical components and at least two retractable positioning members for positioning the electrical components, the retractable positioning members are arranged on the positioning platform, and the retractable positioning members correspond one-to-one to the positions of the assembly holes of the electrical components.

[0013] In one embodiment, the positioning platform comprises: a positioning plate and an angle adjustment block connected to one side of the positioning plate, wherein the relative angle between the angle adjustment block and the positioning plate is adjustable to carry and position different electrical components;

[0014] The retractable positioning member is arranged on the positioning plate, wherein the retractable positioning member includes: a positioning pin, a positioning sleeve and a first elastic member, the positioning pin is retractably arranged in the positioning sleeve through the first elastic member, and the upper end of the positioning pin extends from the positioning sleeve and is arranged in the corresponding assembly hole of the electrical component.

[0015] In one embodiment, the positioning tool further comprises: a tool connection base plate, a tool adjustment screw and a support wheel arranged on the bottom surface of the tool connection base plate.

[0016] Among them, the tooling connection base plate is connected to the rotating platform, the positioning platform is arranged above the tooling connection base plate through the tooling adjustment screw, the two ends of the tooling adjustment screw are respectively detachably connected to the positioning plate and the tooling connection base plate, and the positioning tool is rollingly set on the mechanism base plate through the support wheel.

[0017] In one embodiment, the assembly mechanism comprises: at least one set of feeding components,

[0018] Each group of the feeding components comprises:

[0019] A grasping mechanism, used for grasping the components;

[0020] A first conveying assembly, which is used to convey fasteners used to install the components; and

[0021] A first moving assembly, wherein the first moving assembly is connected to the grabbing mechanism and the first conveying assembly respectively to drive the grabbing mechanism and the first conveying assembly to move, thereby conveying the components and the fasteners to corresponding positions of the electrical components;

[0022] Among them, the first conveying component includes: a connected blowing pipe and a straight-through nozzle, the inlet end of the blowing pipe is connected to the screw machine, the outlet end of the straight-through nozzle is opposite to the assembly holes of the components and the assembly holes of the electrical components from top to bottom, and the penetration directions of the blowing pipe and the straight-through nozzle are perpendicular to the assembly surface of the electrical component.

[0023] In one embodiment, the first moving assembly includes: a first lateral moving assembly and a first vertical moving assembly, wherein the first lateral moving assembly is connected to the first vertical moving assembly to drive the first vertical moving assembly to reciprocate in the lateral direction; the first vertical moving assembly is respectively connected to the grabbing mechanism and the first conveying assembly to drive the grabbing mechanism and the first conveying assembly to reciprocate in the vertical direction;

[0024] Among them, the first lateral movement component includes: an advance and retreat motor, a first transmission screw extending in the lateral direction, a first slide seat threadedly connected to the first transmission screw, and a first guide rod spaced and arranged in parallel on the side of the first transmission screw. The advance and retreat motor is connected to one end of the first transmission screw to drive the first transmission screw to rotate, the first slide seat is connected to the first vertical movement component to drive it to reciprocate in the lateral direction, and the end of the first slide seat can be slidably mounted on the first guide rod.

[0025] In one embodiment, the assembly mechanism further includes: at least one set of material vibration plates, which are used to transport the components to a preset position so that the corresponding grasping mechanism can grasp the corresponding components.

[0026] In one embodiment, the assembly mechanism comprises: at least one set of locking assemblies, each set of locking assemblies comprising:

[0027] A locking mechanism for tightening a fastener used to install the component; and

[0028] a second moving assembly, the second moving assembly being connected to the locking mechanism and driving the locking mechanism to move, so that the locking mechanism contacts the corresponding fastener so that the locking mechanism can tighten the fastener;

[0029] Wherein, the second moving assembly comprises: a lifting motor, a second transmission screw extending vertically, a second transmission connecting plate threadedly connected to the second transmission screw, and a second guide rod spaced and arranged parallel to the side of the second transmission screw, the lifting motor is connected to one end of the second transmission screw to drive the second transmission screw to rotate, the second transmission connecting plate is connected to the locking mechanism to drive it to reciprocate vertically, and the end of the second transmission connecting plate can be slidably sleeved on the second guide rod;

[0030] The locking mechanism is arranged on the second mounting plate, the second mounting plate is elastically connected to the second transmission connecting plate through a second elastic member, and the two ends of the second elastic member are respectively connected to the bottom surface of the second transmission connecting plate and the top surface of the second mounting plate.

[0031] A third guide rod is also provided on the second mounting plate. The third guide rod is parallel to the second transmission screw rod. The third guide rod can be slidably inserted into the end of the second transmission connecting plate, and the lower end of the third guide rod is fixedly connected to the top surface of the second mounting plate.

[0032] In one embodiment, it further comprises:

[0033] A controller, wherein the controller is connected to the rotating mechanism and the assembling mechanism respectively;

[0034] The controller controls the rotating mechanism to drive the positioning fixture to move circumferentially on the mechanism bottom plate, and the controller controls the assembly mechanism to install the components at corresponding positions of the electrical components.

[0035] Another aspect of the present invention further provides an automatic assembly method of the automatic assembly device, comprising the following steps:

[0036] Place the electrical components to be assembled at the preset positions of the positioning tooling;

[0037] The positioning tool is driven to move circumferentially on the mechanism bottom plate by the rotating mechanism, so that the positioning tool carrying the electrical components to be assembled reaches the bottom of the corresponding assembly mechanism;

[0038] Installing corresponding components at corresponding positions on the electrical components by means of an assembly mechanism;

[0039] After the assembly is completed, the positioning fixture is driven by the rotating mechanism to move circumferentially to the corresponding position on the mechanism bottom plate.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0041] 1) In the present invention, the electrical components are arranged on the positioning tooling for assembly, which can realize accurate positioning of the electrical components and is conducive to ensuring the accuracy of assembly.

[0042] 2) In the present invention, a plurality of positioning fixtures are driven to move in a circumferential cycle by a rotating mechanism, so that continuous assembly of a plurality of electrical components can be realized. After the assembly of an electrical component on one positioning fixture is completed, the assembly of the electrical component on the next positioning fixture can be immediately switched to improve the assembly efficiency.

[0043] 3) The automatic assembly device and method of the present invention realizes automated operation, which can solve the quality problems of missed assembly and missed punching caused by numerous assembly processes, and eliminates potential quality risks and process problems caused by human operation, thereby improving product quality, and is conducive to achieving efficiency improvement and staff control, and solving the problems of tight staff and difficulty in employing workers in enterprises. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] Figure 1 It is a front view of the overall structure of the automatic assembly device of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 It is a rear view of the overall structure of the automatic assembly device of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 is a front view of the automatic assembly device of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 is a rear view of the automatic assembly device of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the material positioning mechanism of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a positioning tool for electrical components of a machine model of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a positioning tool for electrical components of another type of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the assembly mechanism of the present invention;

[0053] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the feeding assembly of the present invention;

[0054] Fig.10 is a schematic structural diagram of the locking assembly of the present invention;

[0055] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the retractable positioning member of the present invention;

[0056] Fig.12 is a diagram of the internal structure of the retractable positioning member of the present invention;

[0057] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the vertical screw conveying method of the present invention;

[0058] Fig.14 It is a structural schematic diagram of the blowing threaded pipe of the present invention.

[0059] Reference numerals:

[0060] 1-Material positioning mechanism; 2-Assembly mechanism; 3-Working platform; 4-Frame; 5-Safety protection frame;

[0061] 6-electric control cabinet; 7-control touch screen; 8-screw machine; 9-material vibration plate; 10-electrical components;

[0062] 11-mechanism bottom plate; 12-positioning tooling; 13-positioning plate; 14-retractable positioning member;

[0063] 15-angle adjustment block; 16-tooling connection base plate; 17-tooling adjustment screw rod; 18-support wheel;

[0064] 19-rotating platform; 20-rotating motor;

[0065] 141 - positioning needle; 142 - positioning sleeve; 143 - first elastic member;

[0066] 21-feeding assembly; 22-locking assembly;

[0067] 211-blowing pipe; 212-straight nozzle; 213-grasping cylinder; 214-first transmission screw;

[0068] 215-first slide; 216-advance and retraction motor; 217-first guide rod; 218-grasping tool;

[0069] 219-guide rod connecting plate; 210-upper and lower cylinders;

[0070] 221-locking mechanism; 222-second transmission screw; 223-second transmission connecting plate; 224-lifting motor;

[0071] 225 - second guide rod; 226 - second mounting plate; 227 - second elastic member; 228 - third guide rod;

[0072] 230-linear bearing; 231-guide connecting top plate; 232-connecting and adjusting bottom plate;

[0073] 23-mechanism connection mounting plate; 24-start / stop control box; 25-components; 26-mechanism adjustment screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0074] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0075] The present invention provides an automatic assembly device, comprising: a mechanism bottom plate 11, a rotating mechanism, at least two positioning fixtures 12 and an assembly mechanism 2. The mechanism bottom plate 11, the rotating mechanism and at least two positioning fixtures 12 constitute a material positioning mechanism 1 of the automatic assembly device, the positioning fixtures 12 are arranged on the mechanism bottom plate 11, and are used to carry and position the electrical components 10 to be assembled; the rotating mechanism is respectively connected to each positioning fixture 12 to drive it to move circumferentially on the mechanism bottom plate 11. The assembly mechanism 2 corresponds to the position of the positioning fixture 12, so that the components 25 are installed at the corresponding positions of the electrical components 10.

[0076] In the present invention, the electrical component 10 is arranged on the positioning fixture 12 for assembly, which can realize accurate positioning of the electrical component 10, and is conducive to ensuring the accuracy of assembly. By driving multiple positioning fixtures 12 to move circumferentially through a rotating mechanism, continuous assembly of multiple electrical components 10 can be realized. After the assembly of the electrical component 10 on one positioning fixture 12 is completed, it can be immediately switched to assembling the electrical component 10 on the next positioning fixture 12, thereby improving assembly efficiency.

[0077] The automatic assembly device and method of the present invention realize automated operation, can solve the quality problems of missed assembly and missed punching caused by numerous assembly procedures, and eliminate the potential quality risks and process problems caused by human operation, thereby improving the quality of products, and is conducive to achieving efficiency improvement and staff control, and solving the problems of tight staff and difficulty in employing workers in enterprises.

[0078] It should be noted that the electrical component 10 in the present invention is an electrical box, and the components 25 to be assembled on the electrical box include an insulating plate, two wire pressing plates and a wiring board.

[0079] In one embodiment, Figure 5 As shown in FIG. 1 , at least two positioning fixtures 12 are arranged on the mechanism base plate 11 at equal angles along its circumference.

[0080] In other words, a plurality of positioning tools 12 are arranged on the mechanism base plate 11, and each positioning tool 12 is driven by a rotating mechanism to carry the electrical components 10 thereon to the position (assembly station) of the assembly mechanism 2 for assembly in turn, and after the assembly is completed, each time the rotating mechanism rotates a preset angle, the current positioning tool 12 can leave the assembly station, and at the same time, the next positioning tool 12 carries another electrical component 10 to the assembly station, thereby realizing the continuous assembly of multiple electrical components 10 and improving the assembly efficiency.

[0081] In one embodiment, Fig.11As shown in , each positioning tool 12 includes: a positioning platform for carrying the electrical component 10 and at least two retractable positioning members 14 for positioning the electrical component 10, wherein the retractable positioning members 14 are all arranged on the positioning platform, and the positions of the retractable positioning members 14 and the assembly holes of the electrical component 10 correspond one to one. In this way, the retractable positioning members 14 directly extend into the assembly holes of the electrical component 10 to position the electrical component 10, which can more effectively ensure the effective assembly of the components 25 and materials such as fasteners used to install the components 25.

[0082] Specifically, Fig.12 As shown in the figure, the retractable positioning member 14 includes: a positioning pin 141, a positioning sleeve 142 and a first elastic member 143, wherein the positioning pin 141 is retractably arranged in the positioning sleeve 142 through the first elastic member 143, and the upper end of the positioning pin 141 extends from the positioning sleeve 142 and is arranged in the corresponding assembly hole of the electrical component 10.

[0083] The first elastic member 143 may be a spring.

[0084] When placing the electrical component 10 on the positioning platform, the upper end of the positioning pin 141 is extended into the assembly hole of the electrical component 10 to position the electrical component 10. When installing the fastener, the lower end of the fastener contacts the upper end of the positioning pin 141. As the fastener is installed in the assembly hole, the fastener presses the positioning pin 141 downward, and the positioning pin 141 retracts downward along the positioning sleeve 142. When the electrical component 10 is removed from the positioning platform, the positioning pin 141 is reset upward. In this way, by setting a retractable positioning pin 141 structure on the positioning platform, the electrical component 10 can be accurately positioned without affecting the installation of the fastener. In addition, the structure only uses the assembly holes on the electrical component 10 and the component 25, and there is no need to set new positioning holes on the electrical component 10 and the component 25.

[0085] Preferably, the upper end of the positioning pin 141 is provided with a groove corresponding to the lower end of the fastener, and the shape of the groove is the same as the shape of the lower end of the fastener, so that the upper end of the positioning pin 141 and the lower end of the fastener can better contact and cooperate.

[0086] In one embodiment, the positioning platform includes: a positioning plate 13 and an angle adjustment block 15 connected to one side of the positioning plate 13, and a retractable positioning member 14 is arranged on the positioning plate 13, wherein the relative angle between the angle adjustment block 15 and the positioning plate 13 is adjustable to carry and fix different electrical components 10.

[0087] In this embodiment, by adjusting the angle between the angle adjustment block 15 and the positioning plate 13, the positioning fixture 12 can effectively position the electrical components 10 of various models. Figure 6 and Figure 7 Specifically, the angle adjustment block 15 is U-shaped, the middle of which can be used to support the electrical component 10, and the two ends of its opening can be connected to one side of the positioning plate 13 through a fixed pin shaft.

[0088] Preferably, the positioning tooling 12 also includes: a tooling connecting base plate 16 and a tooling adjustment screw 17, wherein the tooling connecting base plate 16 is connected to the rotating mechanism, and the positioning plate 13 is arranged above the tooling connecting base plate 16 through the tooling adjustment screw 17, and the two ends of the tooling adjustment screw 17 are respectively detachably connected to the positioning plate 13 and the tooling connecting base plate 16.

[0089] Among them, by adjusting the connection position between the positioning plate 13 and the tooling adjustment screw 17, the height of the positioning plate 13 (positioning platform) can be adjusted to adapt to the assembly mechanism 2 above it; the tooling connection base plate 16 is connected to the rotating mechanism so that the entire positioning tooling 12 can be driven by the rotating mechanism.

[0090] Further preferably, the positioning tool 12 also includes: a support wheel 18 arranged on the bottom surface of the tool connection base plate 16, and the positioning tool 12 is rollingly set on the mechanism base plate 11 through the support wheel 18 to facilitate the positioning tool 12 to move circumferentially on the mechanism base plate 11.

[0091] In one embodiment, the rotating mechanism includes: a rotating platform 19 and a rotating motor 20, wherein the rotor of the rotating motor 20 is detachably connected to the center of the rotating platform 19 through the mechanism base plate 11, and the outer peripheral edges of the rotating platform 19 are detachably connected to at least two positioning tools 12 respectively.

[0092] The rotating motor 20 is a power source, and the rotating motor 20 can be a servo motor. The rotor of the rotating motor 20 is connected to the plurality of positioning fixtures 12 through the rotating platform 19 to drive the plurality of positioning fixtures 12 to synchronously move along the circumferential direction of the mechanism base plate 11 .

[0093] In one embodiment, Fig. 9 As shown in , the assembly mechanism 2 includes: at least one set of feeding components 21. Each set of feeding components 21 includes: a gripping mechanism for gripping components 25; a first conveying component for conveying fasteners used to install components 25; and a first moving component, which is respectively connected to the gripping mechanism and the first conveying component to drive the gripping mechanism and the first conveying component to move, thereby conveying components 25 and fasteners to corresponding positions of the electrical component 10.

[0094] Specifically, the grabbing mechanism includes a grabbing cylinder 213 and a grabbing tool 218 disposed on two clamping arms of the grabbing cylinder 213. The two clamping arms of the grabbing cylinder 213 can be opened and closed, so that the grabbing tool 218 can grab the component 25.

[0095] In this embodiment, a loading assembly 21 is provided to realize automatic loading, reduce manual operations, and improve assembly efficiency and assembly quality.

[0096] It should be noted that the number of feeding assemblies 21 corresponds to the number of components 25 assembled on each electrical component 10. For example, if the components 25 to be assembled on the electrical box include an insulating plate, two wire pressing plates and a wiring board, the assembly mechanism 2 should include four groups of feeding assemblies 21, which are respectively used to transport the four components 25 and their corresponding fasteners.

[0097] Preferably, if Fig.13 As shown in the figure, the first conveying component includes: a connected blowing pipe 211 and a straight-through nozzle 212, wherein the inlet end of the blowing pipe 211 is connected to the screw machine 8, and the outlet end of the straight-through nozzle 212 is opposite to the assembly holes of the component 25 and the assembly holes of the electrical component 10 from top to bottom, and the through directions of the blowing pipe 211 and the straight-through nozzle 212 are perpendicular to the assembly surface of the electrical component 10.

[0098] The screw machine 8 provides screws as fasteners for installing the components 25. Specifically, the screw machine 8 is connected to the inlet end (upper end) of the blowing pipe 211 through its delivery air pipe to deliver the screws into the blowing pipe 211. The screws then fall downward (vertically) into the straight-through nozzle 212 in the blowing pipe 211, and then vertically enter the corresponding assembly hole from the straight-through nozzle 212, thereby realizing vertical delivery of the screws. Compared with the conventional 45-degree screw delivery method, the vertical delivery method can effectively solve the problem of nail jamming of the screws during the delivery process.

[0099] like Fig.14 As shown in , the above-mentioned blowing pipe 211 can be a blowing threaded pipe, that is, a thread is arranged on its outer wall to facilitate installation; the above-mentioned straight-through nozzle 212 can be a straight-through duckbill nozzle.

[0100] Specifically, the first moving assembly includes: a first lateral moving assembly and a first vertical moving assembly. The first lateral moving assembly is connected to the first vertical moving assembly to drive the first vertical moving assembly to reciprocate in the lateral direction; the first vertical moving assembly is respectively connected to the grabbing mechanism and the first conveying assembly to drive the grabbing mechanism and the first conveying assembly to reciprocate in the vertical direction.

[0101] The transverse direction in the present invention is a horizontal direction, and the vertical direction is an up-and-down direction perpendicular to the transverse direction.

[0102] More specifically, if Fig. 9 As shown in the figure, the first lateral moving component includes: a first transmission screw 214, a first slide 215 and an advance and retreat motor 216. The first transmission screw 214 extends laterally, and the advance and retreat motor 216 is connected to one end of the first transmission screw 214 to drive the first transmission screw to rotate. The first slide 215 is threadedly connected to the first transmission screw 214, and the first slide 215 is connected to the first vertical moving component to drive it to reciprocate laterally.

[0103] The first transmission screw 214 and the first slide 215 form a screw transmission structure, and the rotor of the advance / retract motor 216 rotates to drive the first transmission screw 214 to rotate, thereby causing the first slide 215 and the first vertical moving assembly thereon to reciprocate along the first transmission screw 214 (laterally). The advance / retract motor 216 can be a servo motor.

[0104] It should be noted that the transmission mode of the motor, the screw and the slide (screw) in the first lateral movement assembly can also be replaced by a (telescopic) cylinder, but the transmission of the cylinder will be affected by the air pressure, which will lead to inaccurate positioning. In particular, the position of the component 25 in the lateral direction will directly affect the assembly position of the component 25 on the electrical component 10.

[0105] Preferably, the first lateral movement assembly further includes: a first guide rod 217, which is spaced and parallel to the side of the first transmission screw 214, and the end of the first slide 215 is slidably sleeved on the first guide rod 217. The first guide rod 217 guides the reciprocating movement of the first slide 215, which is conducive to improving the accuracy of positioning.

[0106] like Fig. 9 As shown in the figure, a first guide rod 217 is symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the first transmission screw 214, and the upper and lower ends of the first slide 215 are respectively sleeved on the two first guide rods 217. Specifically, a linear bearing 230 is respectively arranged at the connection between the two ends of the first slide 215 and the two first guide rods 217 to reduce friction and obtain a smooth linear motion with high sensitivity and high precision.

[0107] In addition, a guide rod connecting plate 219 is respectively provided on the left and right sides of the first transmission screw rod 214 for mounting the two first guide rods 217 .

[0108] More specifically, the first vertical moving assembly is an upper and lower cylinder 210, and the grabbing mechanism and the first conveying assembly can be driven to reciprocate in the vertical direction (up and down direction) through the extension and retraction of the piston ends of the upper and lower cylinders 210.

[0109] Preferably, if Figure 1-4As shown in , the assembly mechanism 2 also includes: at least one set of material vibration plates 9, which are used to transport the components 25 to a preset position so that the corresponding grabbing mechanism can grab the corresponding components 25. Among them, the material vibration plate 9 is used to transport the components 25, and through vibration, the components 25 (materials) can be placed neatly, and the orientation of the components 25 is in the same direction.

[0110] In one embodiment, Fig.10 As shown in , the assembly mechanism 2 includes: at least one set of locking components 22. Each set of locking components 22 includes: a locking mechanism 221, which is used to tighten the fasteners used to install the components 25; and a second moving component, which is connected to the locking mechanism 221 and drives the locking mechanism 221 to move, so that the locking mechanism 221 contacts the corresponding fasteners so that the locking mechanism 221 can tighten the fasteners.

[0111] In this embodiment, the locking assembly 22 is used to realize automatic assembly of the components 25, thereby reducing manual operations and improving assembly efficiency and assembly quality.

[0112] Specifically, the fastener is a screw, and accordingly, the locking mechanism 221 may be an electric screwdriver for tightening the screw.

[0113] It should be noted that the number of locking assemblies 22 corresponds to the number of components 25 assembled on each electrical component 10. For example, the components 25 to be assembled on the electrical box include an insulating plate, two wire crimping plates and a terminal board, then the above-mentioned assembly mechanism 2 should include four groups of locking assemblies 22, which are respectively used for the assembly of the above-mentioned four components 25 and their respective corresponding fasteners. Furthermore, the number of screwdriver bits in each group of locking assemblies 22 should correspond to the number of screws required for the assembly of its corresponding components 25. For example, if two screws are required for the installation of each wire crimping plate, then its corresponding locking assembly 22 can be provided with two screwdriver bits, such as Figure 8 as shown in .

[0114] Specifically, Fig.10 As shown in the figure, the second moving component includes: a second transmission screw 222, a second transmission connecting plate 223 and a lifting motor 224, the second transmission screw 222 extends vertically, the lifting motor 224 is connected to one end of the second transmission screw 222 to drive the second transmission screw to rotate, the second transmission connecting plate 223 is threadedly connected to the second transmission screw 222, and the second transmission connecting plate 223 is connected to the locking mechanism 221 to drive it to reciprocate vertically.

[0115] More specifically, a second slide seat may be provided in the middle of the second transmission connecting plate 223 , and the second transmission connecting plate 223 is threadedly connected to the second transmission screw 222 via the second slide seat.

[0116] Similarly, the second transmission screw 222 and the second transmission connecting plate 223 form a screw transmission structure, and the rotor of the lifting motor 224 rotates to drive the second transmission screw 222 to rotate, thereby causing the second transmission connecting plate 223 and the locking mechanism 221 thereon to reciprocate along the second transmission screw 222 (vertically). Among them, the lifting motor 224 can be a servo motor.

[0117] It should be noted that the transmission mode in which the motor in the second moving assembly cooperates with the screw (lead rod) and the slide seat can also be replaced by a (telescopic) cylinder, but the transmission of the cylinder will be affected by the air pressure, which will lead to inaccurate positioning.

[0118] Preferably, the second moving assembly further comprises: a second guide rod 225, which is arranged at intervals and in parallel on the side of the second transmission screw 222, and the end of the second transmission connecting plate 223 is slidably sleeved on the second guide rod 225. The second guide rod 225 is provided to guide the reciprocating movement of the second transmission connecting plate 223, which is conducive to improving the accuracy of positioning.

[0119] like Fig.10 As shown in the figure, a second guide rod 225 is symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the second transmission screw 222, and the left and right ends of the second transmission connecting plate 223 are respectively sleeved on the two second guide rods 225. Specifically, a linear bearing 230 is respectively arranged at the connection between the two ends of the second transmission connecting plate 223 and the two second guide rods 225 to reduce friction and obtain a smooth linear motion with high sensitivity and high precision.

[0120] In addition, a guide connection top plate 231 and a connection adjustment bottom plate 232 are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the second transmission screw rod 222 , and two second guide rods 225 are installed between the guide connection top plate 231 and the connection adjustment bottom plate 232 .

[0121] Specifically, the locking mechanism 221 is arranged on the second mounting plate 226, and the second mounting plate 226 is elastically connected to the second transmission connecting plate 223 through the second elastic member 227, and the two ends of the second elastic member 227 are respectively connected to the bottom surface of the second transmission connecting plate 223 and the top surface of the second mounting plate 226. Among them, the second mounting plate 226 provides a mounting platform for the locking mechanism 221, and the second mounting plate 226 and the second transmission connecting plate 223 are provided with the second elastic member 227 to play a buffering role, so that the locking mechanism 221 (electric screwdriver) can better lock the fasteners (screws).

[0122] Furthermore, the second elastic member 227 may be a compression spring.

[0123] Preferably, the second mounting plate 226 is further provided with a third guide rod 228, the third guide rod 228 is parallel to the second transmission screw 222, the third guide rod 228 is slidably inserted into the end of the second transmission connecting plate 223, and the lower end of the third guide rod 228 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the second mounting plate 226. Since the second mounting plate 226 is elastically connected to the second transmission connecting plate 223, the third guide rod 228 is provided to guide the reciprocating movement of the second mounting plate 226 and the locking mechanism 221, which is conducive to improving the accuracy of positioning. Fig.10 As shown, a third guide rod 228 is symmetrically disposed on the left and right sides of the locking mechanism 221 .

[0124] In one embodiment, the assembly mechanism 2 is provided with a detection element for detecting whether the electrical component 10 on the positioning tool 12 is in place. The detection element may be a photosensitive element, or a position sensor or a weight sensor.

[0125] In one embodiment, the feeding assembly 21 corresponds to and is connected to the locking assembly 22. Specifically, the feeding assembly 21 and the locking assembly 22 are connected together through the guide rod connecting plate 219 of the feeding assembly 21 and the connecting adjustment bottom plate 232 of the locking assembly 22, and the top surface of one side of the connecting adjustment bottom plate 232 is used to install the locking assembly 22, and the bottom surface of the other side is connected to the guide rod connecting plate 219.

[0126] In one embodiment, the automatic assembly device of the present invention also includes: a controller, which is respectively connected to the rotating mechanism and the assembly mechanism 2; wherein the controller controls the rotating mechanism to drive the positioning tool 12 to move circumferentially on the mechanism base plate 11, and the controller controls the assembly mechanism 2 to install the components 25 at the corresponding positions of the electrical components 10.

[0127] In this embodiment, the actions of the rotating mechanism and the assembling mechanism 2 are automatically controlled by the controller to achieve automated operation.

[0128] Specifically, the controller may be an electric control cabinet 6 , on which a control touch platform 7 is provided to facilitate setting operations by operators.

[0129] In one embodiment, Figure 1-2 As shown in the figure, the automatic assembly device of the present invention also includes a frame 4. The mechanism bottom plate 11 is arranged on the frame 4 through the mechanism adjustment screw rod 26; the frame 4 is also provided with a safety protection frame 5 for installing a protective cover; the frame 4 is also provided with a start-stop control box 24 connected to the controller for starting and stopping the device. In addition, a working platform 3 is also provided on the other side of the frame 4 to facilitate the operator to place the assembled electrical component 10 on the positioning fixture 12, or to remove the assembled electrical component 10 from the positioning fixture 12.

[0130] The present invention also provides an automatic assembly method of the automatic assembly device, comprising the following steps:

[0131] Placing the electrical component 10 to be assembled at a preset position of the positioning tool 12;

[0132] The positioning tool 12 is driven by the rotating mechanism to move circumferentially on the mechanism bottom plate 11, so that the positioning tool 12 carrying the electrical component 10 to be assembled reaches the bottom of the corresponding assembly mechanism 2;

[0133] The corresponding components 25 are installed at corresponding positions on the electrical component 10 by the assembly mechanism 2;

[0134] After the assembly is completed, the positioning fixture 12 is driven by the rotating mechanism to move circumferentially to a corresponding position on the mechanism bottom plate 11 .

[0135] Example

[0136] The following is a specific description of the assembly of the electrical box of the air conditioner outdoor unit. In this embodiment, the electrical component 10 to be assembled is the electrical box of the air conditioner outdoor unit, and the components 25 to be assembled on the electrical box include an insulating plate, two wire pressing plates and a wiring board.

[0137] The automatic assembly device in this embodiment is composed of a frame 4, a safety protection frame 5, a working platform 3, a material positioning mechanism 1, an assembly mechanism 2, an electric control cabinet 6 and a control touch screen 7. In addition, four sets of screw machines 8, four sets of material vibration plates 9 and a start-stop control box 24 are respectively installed on the frame 4.

[0138] Among them, the material positioning mechanism 1 includes twelve sets of positioning tools 12, which are arranged on the mechanism base plate 11 at equal angles along its circumference. In each positioning tool 12, the positioning plate 13 is connected to the tool connecting base plate 16 through the tool adjusting screw 17, the angle adjustment block 15 and the positioning needle 141 are installed on the positioning plate 13, and the support wheel 18 is installed on the tool connecting base plate 16. The entire positioning tool 12 is installed on the rotating platform 19 through the tool connecting base plate 16, the rotating motor 20 is installed on the rotating platform 19, and the rotating platform 19 is assembled on the mechanism base plate 11, and the mechanism base plate 11 is installed on the frame 4 through the mechanism adjusting screw 26.

[0139] The twelve sets of positioning tools 12 include positioning tools 12 suitable for two types of machines, and each set of six positioning tools 12 is a group, and one group is a positioning tool 12 for an A-type electrical box (such as Figure 6 ), and another group is a positioning tool 12 for a type B electrical box (such as Figure 7The positioning fixtures 12 of the two types of machines are used to position different types of machines by adjusting the different angles of the angle adjustment blocks 15 on the positioning fixtures 12 .

[0140] The assembly mechanism 2 includes four groups of feeding components 21 and four groups of locking components 22, which are respectively used to transport and install four components 25 such as an insulating plate, two crimping plates and a wiring board, as well as screws used for assembly. That is, the device has four assembly stations, such as Figure 8 As shown in the figure, from left to right are the first station, the second station, the third station and the fourth station. During assembly, one assembly station corresponds to one positioning tool 12, and among the other two positioning tools 12 in a group of positioning tools 12 that are not in the assembly station, one positioning tool 12 is used for manual loading and the other positioning tool 12 is used for manual removal.

[0141] Specifically, in the feeding assembly 21, the first guide rod 217 and the first transmission screw 214 are installed between the two guide rod connecting plates 219, the advance and retreat motor 216 is installed on one side of a guide rod connecting plate 219 and its rotor is connected to the first transmission screw 214, the upper and lower cylinders 210 are installed on the first slide seat 215 of the first transmission screw 214, the grabbing cylinder 213 is installed on the upper and lower cylinders 210, the grabbing tool 218 and the straight duckbill are installed on the grabbing cylinder 213 (wherein the grabbing tool 218 is installed on the clamping arm of the grabbing cylinder 213, and the straight duckbill is fixed to the cylinder body of the grabbing cylinder 213 through a mounting plate), and the entire feeding assembly 21 is installed on the connection adjustment base plate 232 of the locking assembly 22 through the guide rod connecting plate 219, and the locking assembly 2 2, the lifting motor 224 is installed on the connecting and adjusting base plate 232 through the second guide rod 225 and the second transmission screw 222, the electric screwdriver (1 or 2 electric screwdrivers) is installed on the second mounting plate 226, the second mounting plate 226 is installed on the second transmission connecting plate 223 through the second elastic member 227 and the third guide rod 228, the second transmission connecting plate 223 is assembled on the second guide rod 225 through the linear bearing 230, the second transmission connecting plate 223 is threadedly connected with the second transmission screw 222 through the second slide seat set in the center thereof, the entire assembly mechanism 2 is installed on the mechanism connecting mounting plate 23 through the connecting and adjusting base plate 232, the screw blowing threaded tube is installed on the mechanism connecting mounting plate 23, and the mechanism connecting mounting plate 23 is installed on the frame 4 through the mechanism adjusting screw 26.

[0142] It should be noted that the device has four assembly stations and twelve positioning tables, and the working and installation methods of the four assembly stations and the twelve positioning tables are the same. The only difference is that the first and fourth stations of the four assembly stations use an electric screwdriver to lock the screws, and because a pressing plate requires two screws to install, the second and third stations use two electric screwdrivers to lock the screws.

[0143] The four assembly stations can be respectively equipped with a set of screw machines 8 to provide screws to the feeding components 21 of the corresponding assembly mechanisms 2 respectively.

[0144] A material vibration plate 9 is respectively provided at the first station and the second station to transport the insulating plate and the wire pressing plate to the loading assembly 21 at the station. In the second station, two wire pressing plates to be assembled on an electrical component 10 are simultaneously transported to the position by a material vibration plate 9, and the assembly mechanism 2 of the third station is only used to tighten the screws, so the third station does not correspond to the material vibration plate 9. Since the appearances of different types of wiring boards are quite different, different material vibration plates 9 need to be used for loading, so two different types of material vibration plates 9 are correspondingly provided at the fourth station.

[0145] The specific action flow of the automatic assembly device of this embodiment is as follows:

[0146] Before starting the machine, an insulating plate is manually placed in the material vibration disk 9 of the first station, a wire pressing plate is placed in the material vibration disk 9 of the second station, a terminal board is placed in a material vibration disk 9 of the fourth station, and screws are placed in the screw machine 8. After the materials are placed, the employee selects the model of the electrical box to be assembled on the touch screen 7. After the preparation work is completed, the device is started, and the employee places the electrical box on the positioning pin 141 on one of the positioning fixtures 12 on the material positioning mechanism 1 (here, the hole position where the electrical box needs to be assembled is directly positioned on the positioning pin 141, so that the screws can be effectively locked and only six positioning fixtures 12 separated by 60 degrees are used each time for assembly. When the structure of the model to be assembled is very different, the other six positioning fixtures 12 can be selected by controlling the touch screen 7 to complete the positioning and assembly of the electrical box). After the electrical box is positioned, the employee presses the start button on the start-stop control box 24, and the rotating motor 20 starts to work, driving the rotating platform 19 clockwise. After rotating 60 degrees, it stops. At this time, the electrical box is just transported to the first station. After the station detects that the electrical box is in place, the upper and lower cylinders 210 of the first station start to move and drive the animal grabbing cylinder 213 to move downward. After the grabbing cylinder 213 moves downward into place, the grabbing cylinder 213 starts to move and drives the grabbing tooling 218 to grab the insulating board that has been vibrated and transported to the place by the material vibration plate 9 of the first station. After the grabbing is completed, the upper and lower cylinders 210 return to their positions. While grabbing the insulating board, the screw machine 8 of the first station transports a screw into the blowing threaded tube through the air pipe. After being transported into place, the screw falls from the screw blowing threaded tube into the screw straight-through duck tongue mouth, and the screw and the insulating board are both in place. After the upper and lower cylinders 210 are in position, the advance and retreat motor 216 drives the first transmission screw 214 to rotate, thereby driving the upper and lower cylinders 210 to move forward horizontally. After moving into position, the upper and lower cylinders 210 move downward again. After the upper and lower cylinders 210 move downward into position, the insulating plate is placed exactly at the position where the electrical box needs to be assembled. Then the lifting motor 224 drives the second transmission screw 222 to rotate, thereby driving the electric screwdriver to move downward, allowing the head of the electric screwdriver to extend into the duckbill of the screw and contact the screw, and then the electric screwdriver starts to rotate (while the electric screwdriver is rotating, the lifting motor 224 will continue to rotate to allow the electric screwdriver to move downward a short distance to ensure that the screw assembles the insulating plate to the electrical box) to assemble the screw and the insulating plate After the assembly is completed at the current station, the electrical box is manually placed on another positioning fixture 12 which is 60 degrees away from the previous positioning fixture 12 on which the electrical box is placed. Then, when the assembly station (the first station) sends a signal that the assembly is completed and the manual feeding position detects that there is material, the rotating motor 20 works again, driving the rotating platform 19 to rotate 60 degrees clockwise and then stop. At this time, the first positioning fixture 12 on which the electrical box is placed is transported to the second station. After the station detects that the electrical box is in place, it assembles the wire pressing plate to the electrical box in the same way as the first station. After the assembly is completed, another electrical box is manually placed, and the electrical box will be transported to the third station.Continue to transport to the fourth station and complete the assembly of the wiring board in the same way (if the four assembly stations all detect that there are materials, the four assembly stations can perform assembly work at the same time), and finally the electrical box undergoes a series of assembly at the four assembly stations, and finally completes the assembly of all materials, and finally the assembled electrical box is manually removed from the positioning tool 12, and this cycle is repeated.

[0147] It should be noted that, since one pressing plate requires two screws to be installed, and the installation positions of the two screws are too close, the installation distance of the electric screwdriver is limited. Therefore, the two electric screwdrivers of the locking mechanism 221 of the second station are respectively used for the installation of the screws in one assembly hole on each of the two pressing plates. Similarly, the two electric screwdrivers of the locking mechanism 221 of the third station are respectively used for the installation of the screws in the other assembly hole on each of the two pressing plates.

[0148] Although the present invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications may be made thereto and parts thereof may be replaced by equivalents without departing from the scope of the present invention. In particular, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments may be combined in any manner as long as there are no structural conflicts. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An automatic assembly device, characterized in that: include: Mechanism bottom plate; At least two positioning fixtures, which are arranged on the bottom plate of the mechanism and are used to carry and position the electrical components to be assembled; A rotating mechanism, wherein the rotating mechanism is connected to the positioning fixtures respectively to drive the positioning fixtures to move circumferentially on the mechanism bottom plate; as well as An assembly mechanism, wherein the assembly mechanism corresponds to the position of the positioning tool so as to install components at corresponding positions of the electrical components; The rotating mechanism comprises: a rotating platform and a rotating motor, wherein the rotor of the rotating motor passes through the mechanism bottom plate and is detachably connected to the center of the rotating platform, and the peripheral edges of the rotating platform are detachably connected to at least two of the positioning fixtures respectively; At least two positioning fixtures are arranged on the bottom plate of the mechanism at equal angles along its circumference. Wherein, each of the positioning tools comprises: a positioning platform for carrying the electrical component and at least two retractable positioning members for positioning the electrical component, the retractable positioning members are arranged on the positioning platform, and the positions of the retractable positioning members and the assembly holes of the electrical component correspond one to one; The positioning platform comprises: a positioning plate and an angle adjustment block connected to one side of the positioning plate, wherein the relative angle between the angle adjustment block and the positioning plate is adjustable to carry and position different electrical components; The retractable positioning member is arranged on the positioning plate, wherein the retractable positioning member comprises: a positioning pin, a positioning sleeve and a first elastic member, the positioning pin is retractably arranged in the positioning sleeve through the first elastic member, and the upper end of the positioning pin extends from the positioning sleeve and is arranged in the corresponding assembly hole of the electrical component; The assembly mechanism comprises: at least one set of feeding components, Each group of the feeding components comprises: A grasping mechanism, used for grasping the components; A first conveying assembly, which is used to convey fasteners used to install the components; and A first moving assembly, wherein the first moving assembly is connected to the grabbing mechanism and the first conveying assembly respectively to drive the grabbing mechanism and the first conveying assembly to move, thereby conveying the components and the fasteners to corresponding positions of the electrical components; Wherein, the first conveying assembly comprises: a connected blowing pipe and a straight-through nozzle, the inlet end of the blowing pipe is connected to the screw machine, the outlet end of the straight-through nozzle is opposite to the assembly hole of the component and the assembly hole of the electrical component from top to bottom, and the penetration direction of the blowing pipe and the straight-through nozzle is perpendicular to the assembly surface of the electrical component; The assembly mechanism comprises: at least one set of locking components, each set of locking components comprising: A locking mechanism for tightening a fastener used to install the component; and a second moving assembly, the second moving assembly being connected to the locking mechanism and driving the locking mechanism to move, so that the locking mechanism contacts the corresponding fastener so that the locking mechanism can tighten the fastener; The locking mechanism includes an electric screwdriver, which is configured to extend the head of the electric screwdriver into the straight-through mouth of the first conveying component to lock the fasteners and components on the electrical component after the loading component respectively conveys the components and the fasteners to the corresponding positions of the electrical component.

2. The automatic assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning tool also includes: a tool connection base plate, a tool adjustment screw and a support wheel arranged on the bottom surface of the tool connection base plate. Among them, the tooling connection base plate is connected to the rotating platform, the positioning platform is arranged above the tooling connection base plate through the tooling adjustment screw, the two ends of the tooling adjustment screw are respectively detachably connected to the positioning plate and the tooling connection base plate, and the positioning tool is rollingly set on the mechanism base plate through the support wheel.

3. The automatic assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first moving assembly includes: a first transverse moving assembly and a first vertical moving assembly, the first transverse moving assembly is connected to the first vertical moving assembly to drive the first vertical moving assembly to reciprocate in the transverse direction; the first vertical moving assembly is respectively connected to the grabbing mechanism and the first conveying assembly to drive the grabbing mechanism and the first conveying assembly to reciprocate in the vertical direction; Among them, the first lateral movement component includes: an advance and retreat motor, a first transmission screw extending in the lateral direction, a first slide seat threadedly connected to the first transmission screw, and a first guide rod spaced and arranged in parallel on the side of the first transmission screw. The advance and retreat motor is connected to one end of the first transmission screw to drive the first transmission screw to rotate, the first slide seat is connected to the first vertical movement component to drive it to reciprocate in the lateral direction, and the end of the first slide seat can be slidably mounted on the first guide rod.

4. The automatic assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The assembly mechanism further includes: at least one set of material vibration plates, which are used to transport the components to a preset position so that the corresponding grasping mechanism can grasp the corresponding components.

5. The automatic assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The second moving assembly includes: a lifting motor, a second transmission screw extending vertically, a second transmission connecting plate threadedly connected to the second transmission screw, and a second guide rod spaced and arranged parallel to the side of the second transmission screw, the lifting motor is connected to one end of the second transmission screw to drive the second transmission screw to rotate, the second transmission connecting plate is connected to the locking mechanism to drive it to reciprocate vertically, and the end of the second transmission connecting plate can be slidably sleeved on the second guide rod; The locking mechanism is arranged on the second mounting plate, the second mounting plate is elastically connected to the second transmission connecting plate through a second elastic member, and the two ends of the second elastic member are respectively connected to the bottom surface of the second transmission connecting plate and the top surface of the second mounting plate. A third guide rod is also provided on the second mounting plate. The third guide rod is parallel to the second transmission screw rod. The third guide rod can be slidably inserted into the end of the second transmission connecting plate, and the lower end of the third guide rod is fixedly connected to the top surface of the second mounting plate.

6. The automatic assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A controller, wherein the controller is connected to the rotating mechanism and the assembling mechanism respectively; The controller controls the rotating mechanism to drive the positioning fixture to move circumferentially on the mechanism bottom plate, and the controller controls the assembly mechanism to install the components at corresponding positions of the electrical components.

7. An automatic assembly method for an automatic assembly device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Place the electrical components to be assembled at the preset positions of the positioning tooling; The positioning tool is driven to move circumferentially on the mechanism bottom plate by the rotating mechanism, so that the positioning tool carrying the electrical components to be assembled reaches the bottom of the corresponding assembly mechanism; Installing corresponding components at corresponding positions on the electrical components by means of an assembly mechanism; After the assembly is completed, the positioning fixture is driven by the rotating mechanism to move circumferentially to the corresponding position on the mechanism bottom plate.

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