Industrialized construction of underground station structure and construction method

Abstract

The present invention provides an industrially constructed underground station structure, including a cast-in-place bottom plate, a prefabricated side wall, a first U-shaped beam, a second U-shaped beam, a crown beam, a first longitudinal beam, a second longitudinal inverted beam, a prefabricated column, a longitudinal anchor cable, a first transverse anchor cable, and a second transverse anchor cable. Only the side wall, the U-shaped beam, and the column with a square outline need to be prefabricated, and components of various lengths can be prefabricated by adjusting the relative positions of the end molds to meet the complex structural requirements of the industrialized construction of underground stations for mountainous urban rail transit. The mold cost is low, and the prefabrication and installation industries are simple. At the same time, the anchor cables are used for transverse tensioning and longitudinal tensioning to connect the prefabricated components as a whole, ensuring the integrity of the station structure. The anchor cables also have the function of bearing the later load of the station. The anchor cables are both integral connecting components and components that bear the later load of the structure, giving full play to their performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of underground engineering construction, and in particular to an industrialized construction structure of an underground station and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] At present, prefabricated and assembled components are used in the construction of existing subway stations (the specific structure can be found in the Chinese utility model patent "Prefabricated and assembled subway station component assembly equipment vehicle" with publication number CN204984433U and its attached Figure 1 ), each ring of prefabricated assembly structure has 7 pieces, including 3 cast-in-place bottom plates, 2 side walls and 2 top plates. The lightest single piece weighs 31t and the heaviest weighs 55t; there are many types of prefabricated components with complex contours, and the mold cost is high; the width of each ring is 2m, and the blocks and rings are mortise and tenoned and tightened with fine-rolled threaded steel. It is a point connection with poor overall stability and is not suitable for earthquake areas, mountainous eccentric areas and areas with large foundation settlement; each component is a standard part, and the structural design of each station is required to be unified, which is not conducive to the diversification of station structure dimensions and has poor adaptability to cities with complex construction environments; there are too many joints on the periphery of the station, and it is difficult to meet the 100-year durability design requirements of underground projects only through joint sealing facilities, and water seepage is prone to occur in the later stage. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the defects in the prior art, the industrialized construction of underground station structure and construction method provided by the present invention solve the technical problems that subway stations adopt prefabricated assembled structures, the types of prefabricated components are many and the contours are complex, the mold cost is high, and the connection method of mortise and tenon joints and precision-rolled threaded steel tensioning has poor overall stability; at the same time, it also solves the problems of manufacturing and installation accuracy, high construction difficulty, and the waterproof durability of joints cannot meet the 100-year design.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0005] In the first aspect, the present invention provides an industrially constructed underground station structure, including a cast-in-place base plate, a precast side wall, a first U-shaped crossbeam, a second U-shaped crossbeam, a crown beam, a first longitudinal beam, a second longitudinal reverse beam, precast columns, a longitudinal anchor cable, a first transverse anchor cable and a second transverse anchor cable; station exterior walls are arranged on both sides of the top surface of the cast-in-place base plate, and the station exterior walls are formed by sequentially splicing a plurality of the precast side walls; the first U-shaped crossbeam and the second U-shaped crossbeam are connected between two opposing precast side walls, the first U-shaped crossbeam is connected to the waist of the precast side wall to form a station middle plate support structure, and the second U-shaped crossbeam is connected to the crown beam to form a station top plate support structure; the crown beam is located at the top of the station exterior wall; a plurality of precast columns are also arranged on the top surface of the cast-in-place base plate, and the plurality of precast columns are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the station, and a first longitudinal beam and a second longitudinal reverse beam are provided between two adjacent precast columns. Beam, the first longitudinal beam is connected to the first U-shaped crossbeam, and the second longitudinal counter-beam is connected to the second U-shaped crossbeam; the longitudinal anchor cable simultaneously passes through all the prefabricated side walls located on the same side of the station, and the two ends of the longitudinal anchor cable are respectively anchored to the outside of the two station outer walls, so as to compress all the prefabricated side walls located on the same side of the station; the first transverse anchor cable simultaneously passes through the two opposite prefabricated side walls and the first U-shaped crossbeam connected between the two prefabricated side walls, and the two ends of the first transverse anchor cable are respectively anchored to the outside of the two prefabricated side walls, so as to compress the two opposite prefabricated side walls and the first U-shaped crossbeam connected between the two prefabricated side walls; the second transverse anchor cable simultaneously passes through the two crown beams and the second U-shaped crossbeam connected between the two crown beams, and the two ends of the second transverse anchor cable are respectively anchored to the outside of the two crown beams, so as to compress the two crown beams and the second U-shaped crossbeam connected between the two crown beams.

[0006] Optionally, a first corbel is provided on the waist of the prefabricated side wall facing the first U-shaped beam, and a second corbel is provided on the top of the prefabricated side wall facing the second U-shaped beam. The first U-shaped beam is supported on the top surface of the first corbel, and the second U-shaped beam is supported on the top surface of the second corbel and the top surface of the prefabricated side wall at the same time.

[0007] Optionally, open grooves are provided on both sides of the prefabricated side wall, and the open grooves of two adjacent prefabricated side walls are surrounded to form a grouting cavity, and the grouting cavity is filled with expansive concrete.

[0008] Optionally, a first through hole is provided on the side wall of the first U-shaped crossbeam, and the steel frame of the first longitudinal beam includes multiple first main bars, at least one of which passes through the first through hole; a second through hole is provided on the side wall of the second U-shaped crossbeam, and the steel frame of the second longitudinal counterbeam includes multiple second main bars, at least one of which passes through the second through hole; the first main bars and the second main bars are both flexible steel cables.

[0009] Optionally, the top surfaces of the first U-shaped beam and the second U-shaped beam are both provided with connecting steel bars, the top surfaces of the first U-shaped beam and the second U-shaped beam are both paved with folded plates, the top surfaces of the folded plates are paved with cast-in-place reinforced concrete layers, the steel cage inside the cast-in-place reinforced concrete layer and the connecting steel bars overlap each other to form an integral steel skeleton.

[0010] Optionally, a cavity is provided in the prefabricated side wall, and a first reserved steel bar is provided on the top surface of the cast-in-place base plate, and the first reserved steel bar extends into the cavity; a grouting hole is provided on the inner wall of the bottom of the prefabricated side wall, and the grouting hole is connected with the cavity for injecting post-pouring concrete into the cavity, and the height of the post-pouring concrete is lower than the lower edge of the grouting hole so that the accumulated liquid in the cavity can be discharged through the grouting hole.

[0011] Optionally, a door-shaped opening is provided at the bottom of the prefabricated side wall, and the door-shaped opening is connected to the cavity; a second reserved steel bar is also provided on the top surface of the cast-in-place base plate, and the second reserved steel bar is connected with the first reserved steel bar through the door-shaped opening to form an integral steel cage, so that the post-poured concrete can cover the steel cage and build triangular arms on both sides of the bottom end of the prefabricated side wall.

[0012] Optionally, the top surface of the prefabricated side wall is provided with a first extended steel bar, and both ends of the second U-shaped cross beam are provided with a second extended steel bar; the top surface of the station exterior wall is also provided with a longitudinal connecting bar, and the longitudinal connecting bar, the first extended steel bar and the second extended steel bar are tied and connected to form a steel skeleton of the crown beam.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a construction method for industrially constructing an underground station structure, comprising the following steps:

[0014] S1. Excavate the station foundation pit and lay the base cushion;

[0015] S2. Tie the steel bar skeleton and reserved connecting bars required for the bottom plate on the base cushion layer, and pour concrete based on the steel bar skeleton of the bottom plate to form a cast-in-place bottom plate;

[0016] S3, assemble the first section, hoist the two prefabricated side walls of the first section to the predetermined position on the top surface of the cast-in-place bottom plate, and fix the two prefabricated side walls with temporary support; hoist the first U-shaped crossbeam and temporarily lock the two ends on the first brackets of the two prefabricated side walls; hoist the second U-shaped crossbeam and temporarily lock the two ends on the second brackets of the two prefabricated side walls; pass the first transverse anchor cable between the prefabricated side wall and the first U-shaped crossbeam, and anchor the two ends of the first transverse anchor cable to the outside of the prefabricated side wall;

[0017] S4, assemble the second section, hoist the two prefabricated side walls of the second section to the predetermined position on the top surface of the cast-in-place bottom plate, and lock the prefabricated side wall of this section to the prefabricated side wall of the first section by longitudinal tensioning anchor rods; hoist the first U-shaped crossbeam and temporarily lock both ends to the first brackets of the two prefabricated side walls; hoist the second U-shaped crossbeam and temporarily lock both ends to the second brackets of the two prefabricated side walls; pass the first transverse anchor cable between the prefabricated side wall and the first U-shaped crossbeam, and anchor both ends of the first transverse anchor cable to the outside of the prefabricated side wall;

[0018] S5, referring to step S4, splicing the remaining segments in sequence;

[0019] S6. A column is set every 2-4 sections. At the section where the column is set as needed, the prefabricated column is hoisted to the designated position. The lower end of the prefabricated column is anchored on the bottom plate with a temporary locking member, and the top of the prefabricated column is connected to the two adjacent second U-shaped beams.

[0020] S7. Thread and pull the longitudinal anchor cables so that they penetrate all the prefabricated side walls on the same side of the station, and anchor both ends of the longitudinal anchor cables to the outside of the prefabricated side walls so that all the segments fit tightly together to form an integral station;

[0021] S8, filling the grouting cavity formed between adjacent precast side walls with expansive concrete;

[0022] S9. Cast the cap beam on the top surface of the precast side wall;

[0023] S10, for each segment, respectively, passing a second transverse anchor cable between the crown beam and the second U-shaped cross beam, and anchoring the second transverse anchor cable on the outer side of the crown beam;

[0024] S11, casting a first longitudinal beam at the waist of the precast column, and casting the first longitudinal beam and all the first U-shaped beams into a whole; casting a second longitudinal reverse beam at the top of the precast column, and casting the second longitudinal reverse beam and all the second U-shaped beams into a whole;

[0025] S12, pouring the station middle plate and top plate, laying a folded plate on the top surface of the first U-shaped cross beam and tying the floor slab steel bars, then pouring concrete to form the station middle plate, and laying a folded plate on the top surface of the second U-shaped cross beam and tying the floor slab steel bars, then pouring concrete to form the station top plate;

[0026] S13, pouring the connection section between the prefabricated side wall and the cast-in-place bottom plate, pouring the connection section between the prefabricated column and the cast-in-place bottom plate;

[0027] S14. Waterproof the outer layer of the station and backfill the foundation pit.

[0028] It can be seen from the above technical solution that the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0029] The present invention provides an industrially constructed underground station structure, comprising a cast-in-place base plate, prefabricated side walls, a first U-shaped crossbeam, a second U-shaped crossbeam, a crown beam, a first longitudinal beam, a second longitudinal counter beam, prefabricated columns, longitudinal anchor cables, a first transverse anchor cable and a second transverse anchor cable. According to the number of floors required for the station, corresponding numbers of corbels are set on the prefabricated side walls; prefabricated U-shaped beams are respectively erected on the corresponding corbels of each floor in the side walls; transverse anchor cables are set in the U-shaped beams of each floor, which pass through the U-shaped beams transversely and are anchored on the outer sides of the corresponding side walls at both ends, connecting the side walls and the U-shaped beams of each floor into a transverse frame unit; along the longitudinal direction of the station, a number of transverse frame units are combined into an integral station frame, and the longitudinal anchor cables simultaneously pass through the side walls of each transverse frame unit and are anchored outside the side walls at both ends, connecting the transverse units in series into a station skeleton structure; after the main structure is assembled, a light folding plate is erected on the top of the U-shaped beam web to form a working platform; the floor slab steel bars are tied on the working platform and the stair slab concrete is poured for the second time. Only side walls, U-shaped beams and columns with square contours need to be prefabricated. By adjusting the relative positions of the end molds, components of various lengths can be prefabricated to meet the complex structural needs of underground stations for industrialized construction of mountainous urban rail transit. The mold cost is low, and the prefabrication and installation industries are simple. At the same time, anchor cables are used for transverse and longitudinal tensioning to connect the prefabricated components as a whole to ensure the integrity of the station structure. The anchor cables also have the function of bearing the later loads of the station. The anchor cables are both integral connecting components and components that bear the later loads of the structure, giving full play to their performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn according to the actual scale.

[0031] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the underground station structure for industrial construction;

[0032] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0033] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the crown beam reinforcement skeleton;

[0035] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the first U-shaped beam structure;

[0036] Figure 6Main view of the underground station structure built for industrialization;

[0037] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0038] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the prefabricated side wall;

[0039] Fig. 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the prefabricated side wall;

[0040] Reference numerals:

[0041] 1- cast-in-place bottom plate, 2- precast side wall, 3- first U-shaped beam, 4- second U-shaped beam, 5- crown beam, 6- first longitudinal beam, 7- second longitudinal counter beam, 8- precast column, 9- folded plate;

[0042] 11-second reserved steel bar, 12-triangular armpit, 21-first corbel, 22-second corbel, 23-first transverse hole, 24-cavity, 25-opening groove, 26-longitudinal hole, 27-grouting hole, 28-door-shaped opening, 29-first extended steel bar, 31-first transverse through hole, 32-connecting steel bar, 33-first through hole, 41-second transverse through hole, 42-second extended steel bar, 51-second transverse hole;

[0043] 101 - longitudinal anchor cable, 102 - first transverse anchor cable, 103 - second transverse anchor cable, 104 - tensioning member, 241 - first inner cavity, 242 - second inner cavity, 243 - diversion hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention are described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and are therefore only used as examples, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0045] See also Figure 1 and Figure 6 The present invention provides an industrially constructed underground station structure, including a cast-in-place bottom plate 1, a prefabricated side wall 2, a first U-shaped crossbeam 3, a second U-shaped crossbeam 4, a crown beam 5, a first longitudinal beam 6, a second longitudinal reverse beam 7, a prefabricated column 8, a longitudinal anchor cable 101, a first transverse anchor cable 102, and a second transverse anchor cable 103. The prefabricated side wall 2, the first U-shaped crossbeam 3, the second U-shaped crossbeam 4, and the prefabricated column 8 are all prefabricated components, and the cast-in-place bottom plate 1, the crown beam 5, the middle plate floor plate, and the top plate floor plate are all cast on site, and the middle plate floor plate and the top plate floor plate are all constructed without brackets.

[0046] Station exterior walls are provided on both sides of the top surface of the cast-in-place base plate 1, and the station exterior walls are formed by splicing a plurality of the prefabricated side walls 2 in sequence. The first U-shaped beam 3 and the second U-shaped beam 4 are connected between the two opposite prefabricated side walls 2, the first U-shaped beam 3 is connected to the waist of the prefabricated side wall 2 to form a station middle plate support structure, and the second U-shaped beam 4 is connected to the crown beam 5 to form a station top plate support structure. Specifically, a first corbel 21 is provided on the waist of the prefabricated side wall 2 facing the first U-shaped beam 3, and a second corbel 22 is provided on the top of the prefabricated side wall 2 facing the second U-shaped beam 4. The first U-shaped beam 3 is supported on the top surface of the first corbel 21, so that the prefabricated side wall 2 provides support force for the first U-shaped beam 3; the second U-shaped beam 4 is supported on the top surface of the second corbel 22 and the top surface of the prefabricated side wall 2 at the same time, so that the prefabricated side wall 2 provides support force for the second U-shaped beam 4, and shares the load applied to the second U-shaped beam 4 by the backfill soil on the top of the station. The crown beam 5 is located at the top of the outer wall of the station.

[0047] The top surface of the cast-in-place floor 1 is also provided with a plurality of prefabricated columns 8, which are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the station. Usually, the columns are arranged in the station equipment area, but not in the public area. The station equipment area and the public area can be separated by changing the span of adjacent prefabricated columns 8. A first longitudinal beam 6 and a second longitudinal reverse beam 7 are arranged between two adjacent prefabricated columns 8. The first longitudinal beam 6 is connected to the first U-shaped cross beam 3, and the second longitudinal reverse beam 7 is connected to the second U-shaped cross beam 4. For an embodiment, please refer to Figure 5 The first U-shaped crossbeam 3 has a first through hole 33 on its side wall, and the first longitudinal beam 6 has a steel bar skeleton comprising a plurality of first main bars, at least one of which passes through the first through hole 33; the second U-shaped crossbeam 4 has a second through hole on its side wall, and the second longitudinal counter beam 7 has a steel bar skeleton comprising a plurality of second main bars, at least one of which passes through the second through hole; the first main bars and the second main bars are both flexible steel cables.

[0048] See also Figure 6 and Figure 7The longitudinal anchor cable 101 simultaneously penetrates all the prefabricated side walls 2 located on the same side of the station, and the two ends of the longitudinal anchor cable 101 are respectively anchored on the outside of the two station exterior walls through tensioning members 104, so as to compress all the prefabricated side walls 2 located on the same side of the station. The first transverse anchor cable 102 simultaneously penetrates the two opposite prefabricated side walls 2 and the first U-shaped crossbeam 3 connected between the two prefabricated side walls 2, and the two ends of the first transverse anchor cable 102 are respectively anchored on the outside of the two prefabricated side walls 2 through tensioning members 104, so as to compress the two opposite prefabricated side walls 2 and the first U-shaped crossbeam 3 connected between the two prefabricated side walls 2. The second transverse anchor cable 103 simultaneously penetrates the two crown beams 5 and the second U-shaped crossbeam 4 connected between the two crown beams 5, and the two ends of the second transverse anchor cable 103 are respectively anchored on the outside of the two crown beams 5 through tensioning members 104, so as to compress the two crown beams 5 and the second U-shaped crossbeam 4 connected between the two crown beams 5. Wherein, the tensioning member 104 is a locking nut or an anchor, and locking nuts or anchors are provided at both ends of the anchor cable. In one embodiment, the side wall of the prefabricated side wall 2 is provided with a first longitudinal hole 26, and the longitudinal anchor cable 101 passes through all the prefabricated side walls 2 located on the same side of the station through the first longitudinal hole 26; the prefabricated side wall 2 is provided with a first transverse hole 23, and the first transverse through hole 31 is provided on the first crossbeam, and the first transverse hole 23 corresponds to the first transverse through hole 31, and the first transverse anchor cable 102 passes through the first transverse hole 23 and the first transverse through hole 31 at the same time; the crown beam 5 is provided with a second transverse hole 51, and the second crossbeam is also provided with a second transverse through hole 41, and the second transverse anchor cable 103 passes through the second transverse hole 51 and the second transverse through hole 41 at the same time.

[0049] According to the number of floors required for the station, corresponding layers of corbels are set on the prefabricated side walls 2; prefabricated U-shaped beams are respectively erected on the corresponding layers of corbels in the side walls; transverse anchor cables are set in the U-shaped beams of each layer, which pass through the U-shaped beams transversely and are anchored on the outer sides of the corresponding side walls at both ends, connecting the side walls and the U-shaped beams of each layer into a transverse frame unit; along the longitudinal direction of the station, a number of transverse frame units are combined into an integral station frame, and the longitudinal anchor cables 101 simultaneously pass through the side walls of each transverse frame unit and are anchored outside the side walls at both ends, connecting the transverse units in series into a station skeleton structure; after the main structure is assembled, a light folding plate 9 is erected on the top of the U-shaped beam web to form a working platform; the floor slab steel bars are tied on the working platform and the stair slab concrete is poured for the second time. Only side walls, U-shaped beams and columns with square contours need to be prefabricated. By adjusting the relative positions of the end molds, components of various lengths can be prefabricated to meet the complex structural needs of underground stations for industrialized construction of mountainous urban rail transit. The mold cost is low, and the prefabrication and installation industries are simple. At the same time, anchor cables are used for transverse and longitudinal tensioning to connect the prefabricated components as a whole to ensure the integrity of the station structure. The anchor cables also have the function of bearing the later loads of the station. The anchor cables are both integral connecting components and components that bear the later loads of the structure, giving full play to their performance.

[0050] As a further improvement to the above scheme, the two sides of the prefabricated side wall 2 are provided with opening grooves 25, and the opening grooves 25 of two adjacent prefabricated side walls 2 are enclosed to form a grouting cavity, and the grouting cavity is filled with expansive concrete. After the expansive concrete is poured into the grouting cavity formed by all the side walls, the longitudinal anchor cables 101 are tensioned to tightly connect the prefabricated side walls 2. The application of the expansive concrete makes the joints of the two adjacent prefabricated side walls 2 have good waterproof performance.

[0051] As a further improvement to the above scheme, the top surfaces of the first U-shaped beam 3 and the second U-shaped beam 4 are both provided with connecting steel bars 32, and the top surfaces of the first U-shaped beam 3 and the second U-shaped beam 4 are both paved with folding plates 9, and the top surfaces of the folding plates 9 are paved with a cast-in-place reinforced concrete layer, and the steel cage inside the cast-in-place reinforced concrete layer overlaps with the connecting steel bars 32 to form an integral steel skeleton. Specifically, after the folding plates 9 are laid on the top surface of the first U-shaped beam 3, the station middle plate floor slab is cast, and after the folding plates 9 are laid on the top surface of the second U-shaped beam 4, the station top plate floor slab is cast. The folding plates 9 are light in weight and are convenient for workers to carry and install.

[0052] As a further improvement to the above scheme, please refer to Figure 8-9, a cavity 24 is provided in the prefabricated side wall 2 to reduce the weight of the wall. Preferably, the cavity 24 includes a first inner cavity 241 and a second inner cavity 242; wherein, the first inner cavity 241 is arranged below the first U-shaped beam 3 and passes through the prefabricated side wall 2; the second inner cavity 242 is arranged between the first U-shaped beam 3 and the second U-shaped beam 4 to ensure that the connection between the prefabricated side wall 2 and the first U-shaped beam 3, and the connection between the prefabricated side wall 2 and the second U-shaped beam 4 are solid sections to increase the structural strength of the connection. Preferably, the second inner cavity 242 is connected with the first inner cavity 241 through a guide hole 243, and a grouting hole 27 is provided on the inner wall at the bottom of the prefabricated side wall 2, and the grouting hole 27 is connected with the first inner cavity 241, so as to inject concrete into the first inner cavity 241 to achieve the connection between the prefabricated side wall 2 and the station floor. Concrete is poured into the first inner cavity 241 through the grouting hole 27 to fill the bottom cavity 24 of the prefabricated side wall 2 tightly, so as to enhance the connection firmness between the prefabricated side wall 2 and the station foundation. Figure 2 The top surface of the cast-in-place base plate 1 is provided with a first reserved steel bar, and the first reserved steel bar extends into the cavity 24; the inner wall of the bottom of the prefabricated side wall 2 is provided with a grouting hole 27, and the grouting hole 27 is connected with the cavity 24 to be used for injecting post-pouring concrete into the cavity 24. The height of the post-pouring concrete is lower than the lower edge of the grouting hole 27 so that the accumulated liquid in the cavity 24 can be discharged through the grouting hole 27.

[0053] In order to further increase the connection stability between the prefabricated side wall 2 and the station foundation, a door-shaped opening 28 is provided at the bottom of the prefabricated side wall 2, and the door-shaped opening 28 is connected to the first inner cavity 241, and the grouting hole 27 is located above the door-shaped opening 28. The station foundation has reserved steel bars at the installation position of the prefabricated side wall 2, and the steel bars in the first inner cavity 241 and the steel bars outside the side wall are tied into a cage through the door-shaped opening 28, and finally concrete is poured to fill the bottom of the first inner cavity 241 and the door-shaped opening 28 area, thereby enhancing the connection strength between the prefabricated side wall 2 and the station foundation and enhancing the integrity of the station structure. In one embodiment, the top surface of the cast-in-place base plate 1 is also provided with a second reserved steel bar 11, and the second reserved steel bar 11 is connected with the first reserved steel bar through the door-shaped opening 28 to form an integral steel cage, so that the post-cast concrete can cover the steel cage, and a triangular armpit 12 is built on both sides of the bottom end of the prefabricated side wall 2 to enhance the connection strength between the upper prefabricated part and the cast-in-place base plate 1, that is, to enhance the integrity of the station structure. The grouting hole 27 is 1.4-1.5 meters away from the bottom surface of the precast side wall 2, and the diameter of the grouting hole 27 is 130-160 mm. After the concrete in the first inner cavity 241 is solidified, the grouting hole 27 is used as a drainage hole for the infiltration of the side wall of the precast side wall 2. When multiple transverse segment units are assembled and the longitudinal anchor cable 101 is tensioned, concrete is poured into the first inner cavity 241 through the grouting hole 2717, and concrete is poured on the inner and outer walls of the precast side wall 2 at the same time, forming a post-cast reinforced concrete wet joint between the precast side wall 2 and the station floor.

[0054] As a further improvement to the above scheme, the top surface of the prefabricated side wall 2 is provided with a first extended steel bar 29, and the two ends of the second U-shaped cross beam 4 are provided with a second extended steel bar 42; the top surface of the station exterior wall is also provided with a longitudinal connecting bar, and the longitudinal connecting bar, the first extended steel bar 29 and the second extended steel bar 42 are tied and connected to form a steel skeleton of the crown beam 5. The crown beam 5 can be cast as a whole at one time after all the segmented prefabricated side walls 2 are hoisted in place to form an integral beam; it can also be cast separately when a single segment is spliced ​​to form a segmented beam, the length of the segmented beam is less than the width of the prefabricated side wall 2, and connecting bars are reserved on both sides of the segmented beam, so that the adjacent segmented beams can be cast together through the reserved connecting bars later, so as to connect all the segmented beams together and finally form an integral beam.

[0055] The present invention also provides a construction method for industrially constructing an underground station structure, comprising the following steps:

[0056] S1. Excavate the station foundation pit and lay the base cushion;

[0057] S2. Tie the steel bar skeleton and reserved connecting bars required for the bottom plate on the base cushion layer, and pour concrete based on the steel bar skeleton of the bottom plate to form a cast-in-place bottom plate;

[0058] S3, assemble the first section, hoist the two prefabricated side walls of the first section to the predetermined position on the top surface of the cast-in-place bottom plate, and fix the two prefabricated side walls with temporary support; hoist the first U-shaped crossbeam and temporarily lock the two ends on the first brackets of the two prefabricated side walls; hoist the second U-shaped crossbeam and temporarily lock the two ends on the second brackets of the two prefabricated side walls; pass the first transverse anchor cable between the prefabricated side wall and the first U-shaped crossbeam, and anchor the two ends of the first transverse anchor cable to the outside of the prefabricated side wall;

[0059] S4, assemble the second section, hoist the two prefabricated side walls of the second section to the predetermined position on the top surface of the cast-in-place bottom plate, and lock the prefabricated side wall of this section to the prefabricated side wall of the first section by longitudinal tensioning anchor rods; hoist the first U-shaped crossbeam and temporarily lock both ends to the first brackets of the two prefabricated side walls; hoist the second U-shaped crossbeam and temporarily lock both ends to the second brackets of the two prefabricated side walls; pass the first transverse anchor cable between the prefabricated side wall and the first U-shaped crossbeam, and anchor both ends of the first transverse anchor cable to the outside of the prefabricated side wall;

[0060] S5, referring to step S4, splicing the remaining segments in sequence;

[0061] Among them, after the three segments are assembled, the three segments are connected in series through the longitudinal anchor rods described in step S4, that is, they have good integrity and stability, and the prefabricated side walls assembled subsequently do not need temporary support, that is, the prefabricated side walls installed later only need to be locked on the prefabricated side walls of the previous segment through the longitudinal anchor rods described in step S4 to ensure their stability;

[0062] S6. Set a column every 2-4 sections. At the section where the column is set according to the need, hoist the prefabricated column to the designated position. The lower end of the prefabricated column is anchored to the bottom plate with a temporary locking component, and the top of the prefabricated column is connected to the two adjacent second U-shaped beams; S7. Pull the longitudinal anchor cable so that the longitudinal anchor cable runs through all the prefabricated side walls on the same side of the station, and anchor the two ends of the longitudinal anchor cable to the outside of the prefabricated side wall, so that all sections are tightly fitted to form an integral station;

[0063] S8, filling the grouting cavity formed between adjacent precast side walls with expansive concrete;

[0064] S9. Cast the cap beam on the top surface of the precast side wall;

[0065] The crown beam can be cast as a whole at one time after all the prefabricated side walls of the segments are hoisted in place to form an integral beam; or it can be cast separately when a single segment is spliced ​​to form a segmented beam, the length of the segmented beam is less than the width of the prefabricated side wall, and connecting steel bars are reserved on both sides of the segmented beam, so that the adjacent segmented beams can be cast together through the reserved connecting steel bars later, so as to connect all the segmented beams together and finally form an integral beam;

[0066] S10, for each segment, respectively, passing a second transverse anchor cable between the crown beam and the second U-shaped cross beam, and anchoring the second transverse anchor cable on the outer side of the crown beam;

[0067] S11, casting a first longitudinal beam at the waist of the precast column, and casting the first longitudinal beam and all the first U-shaped beams into a whole; casting a second longitudinal reverse beam at the top of the precast column, and casting the second longitudinal reverse beam and all the second U-shaped beams into a whole;

[0068] S12, pouring the station middle plate and top plate, laying a folded plate on the top surface of the first U-shaped cross beam and tying the floor slab steel bars, then pouring concrete to form the station middle plate, and laying a folded plate on the top surface of the second U-shaped cross beam and tying the floor slab steel bars, then pouring concrete to form the station top plate;

[0069] S13, pouring the connection section between the prefabricated side wall and the cast-in-place bottom plate, pouring the connection section between the prefabricated column and the cast-in-place bottom plate;

[0070] Specifically, a door-shaped opening is provided at the bottom of the prefabricated side wall, and the door-shaped opening is connected to the cavity. The station foundation is pre-reserved with steel bars at the installation position of the prefabricated side wall. The steel bars in the cavity and the steel bars outside the side wall are tied into a cage through the door-shaped opening, and finally concrete is poured to fill the bottom of the cavity and the door-shaped opening area, thereby completing the pouring of the connection section between the prefabricated side wall and the cast-in-place bottom plate. For the columns, steel bars are reserved on the bottom plate, and the embedded steel bars are located on the outside of the columns. When S1-S12 is completed, a steel cage is tied on the outside of the columns, and then concrete is poured to form a connection node.

[0071] S14. Waterproof the outer layer of the station and backfill the foundation pit.

[0072] It can be seen from the above station structure and its construction method that this application has the following advantages:

[0073] 1. There are few types of prefabricated components, and the outlines of prefabricated components are simple. Adjustable molds are used to prefabricate components of different sizes to meet the needs of different standard station structures in the project, with strong adaptability.

[0074] 2. The on-site casting of the base plate does not require formwork support, and the construction is convenient and quick, with strong integrity. Compared with the prefabricated base plate, it is less likely to become hollow, providing a stable foundation for the upper prefabricated structure. After the base plate is cast and formed, it provides a good working platform for the installation and positioning of the upper prefabricated components.

[0075] 3. Anchor cables are used for transverse and longitudinal tensioning, and the side panels and bottom panels are connected with mortise and tenon joints, making the overall connection of each prefabricated component simple and reliable, and the structure is stable.

[0076] 4. The station floor is cast and formed, and expansive concrete is poured into the joints of the adjacent walls on both sides of the station wall. A concrete layer is poured on the top of the station, so that the bottom, both sides and top of the station are waterproof, overcoming the defects of traditional prefabricated and assembled stations with many joints and insufficient waterproof durability. The waterproof structure provided by the embodiment of this patent is equivalent to the waterproof effect of traditional cast-in-place stations and can meet the requirements of 100-year durability design.

[0077] 5. The station roof and middle floor plates are supported on U-shaped beams by folding plates to form a floor working platform, realizing the cast-in-place floor construction without support, which not only improves construction efficiency and reduces project investment, but also enhances the integrity of the structure.

[0078] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention.

Claims

1. An industrially constructed underground station structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a cast-in-place base plate (1), a prefabricated side wall (2), a first U-shaped crossbeam (3), a second U-shaped crossbeam (4), a crown beam (5), a first longitudinal beam (6), a second longitudinal reverse beam (7), a prefabricated column (8), a longitudinal anchor cable (101), a first transverse anchor cable (102) and a second transverse anchor cable (103); station exterior walls are arranged on both sides of the top surface of the cast-in-place base plate (1), and the station exterior walls are formed by sequentially splicing a plurality of the prefabricated side walls (2); the first U-shaped crossbeam (3) and the second U-shaped crossbeam (4) are connected between two opposing prefabricated side walls (2); the first U-shaped crossbeam (3) and the second U-shaped crossbeam (4) are connected between the ... The beam (3) is connected to the waist of the prefabricated side wall (2) to form a station middle plate support structure, and the second U-shaped cross beam (4) is connected to the crown beam (5) to form a station top plate support structure; the crown beam (5) is located at the top of the station outer wall; the top surface of the cast-in-place bottom plate (1) is also provided with a plurality of prefabricated columns (8), and the plurality of prefabricated columns (8) are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the station, and a first longitudinal beam (6) and a second longitudinal reverse beam (7) are provided between two adjacent prefabricated columns (8), the first longitudinal beam (6) is connected to the first U-shaped cross beam (3), and the second longitudinal reverse beam (7) is connected to the second U-shaped cross beam (4); The longitudinal anchor cable (101) simultaneously penetrates all the prefabricated side walls (2) located on the same side of the station, and the two ends of the longitudinal anchor cable (101) are respectively anchored on the outside of the two station exterior walls, so as to compress all the prefabricated side walls (2) located on the same side of the station; the first transverse anchor cable (102) simultaneously penetrates two opposite prefabricated side walls (2) and a first U-shaped crossbeam (3) connected between the two prefabricated side walls (2), and the two ends of the first transverse anchor cable (102) are respectively anchored on the two prefabricated side walls. The second transverse anchor cable (103) is disposed outside the two prefabricated side walls (2) so as to press the two opposing prefabricated side walls (2) and the first U-shaped cross beam (3) connected between the two prefabricated side walls (2); the second transverse anchor cable (103) simultaneously passes through the two crown beams (5) and the second U-shaped cross beam (4) connected between the two crown beams (5), and the two ends of the second transverse anchor cable (103) are respectively anchored outside the two crown beams (5) so as to press the two crown beams (5) and the second U-shaped cross beam (4) connected between the two crown beams (5); The first U-shaped cross beam (3) has a first through hole (33) on its side wall, and the first longitudinal beam (6) has a steel reinforcement skeleton comprising a plurality of first main bars, at least one of which passes through the first through hole (33); the second U-shaped cross beam (4) has a second through hole on its side wall, and the second longitudinal reverse beam (7) has a plurality of second main bars, at least one of which passes through the second through hole; the first main bars and the second main bars are both flexible steel cables; The top surfaces of the first U-shaped cross beam (3) and the second U-shaped cross beam (4) are both provided with connecting steel bars (32), the top surfaces of the first U-shaped cross beam (3) and the second U-shaped cross beam (4) are both paved with folding plates (9), the top surfaces of the folding plates (9) are paved with a cast-in-place reinforced concrete layer, and the steel cage inside the cast-in-place reinforced concrete layer and the connecting steel bars (32) are overlapped to form an integral steel skeleton; The prefabricated side wall (2) is provided with a cavity (24), and the top surface of the cast-in-place bottom plate (1) is provided with a first reserved steel bar, which extends into the cavity (24); a grouting hole (27) is provided on the inner wall of the bottom of the prefabricated side wall (2), and the grouting hole (27) is connected to the cavity (24) so ​​as to be used for injecting post-cast concrete into the cavity (24), and the height of the post-cast concrete is lower than the lower edge of the grouting hole (27) so as to facilitate the discharge of the accumulated liquid in the cavity (24) through the grouting hole (27).

2. The industrially constructed underground station structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first corbel (21) is provided on the waist of the prefabricated side wall (2) facing the first U-shaped cross beam (3), and a second corbel (22) is provided on the top of the prefabricated side wall (2) facing the second U-shaped cross beam (4). The first U-shaped cross beam (3) is supported on the top surface of the first corbel (21), and the second U-shaped cross beam (4) is supported on the top surface of the second corbel (22) and the top surface of the prefabricated side wall (2) at the same time.

3. The industrially constructed underground station structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Open grooves (25) are provided on both sides of the prefabricated side wall (2), and the open grooves (25) of two adjacent prefabricated side walls (2) are combined to form a grouting cavity, and the grouting cavity is filled with expansive concrete.

4. The industrially constructed underground station structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the prefabricated side wall (2) is provided with a door-shaped opening (28), and the door-shaped opening (28) is communicated with the cavity (24); the top surface of the cast-in-place bottom plate (1) is also provided with a second reserved steel bar (11), and the second reserved steel bar (11) is connected with the first reserved steel bar through the door-shaped opening (28) to form an integral steel cage, so that the post-cast concrete can cover the steel cage, and triangular axils (12) are built on both sides of the bottom end of the prefabricated side wall (2).

5. The industrialized construction of an underground station structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The top surface of the prefabricated side wall (2) is provided with a first extension steel bar (29), and both ends of the second U-shaped cross beam (4) are provided with a second extension steel bar (42); the top surface of the station exterior wall is also provided with a longitudinal connecting bar, and the longitudinal connecting bar, the first extension steel bar (29) and the second extension steel bar (42) are tied and connected to form a steel bar skeleton of the crown beam (5).

6. A construction method for industrially constructing an underground station structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Excavate the station foundation pit and lay the base cushion; S2. Tie the steel skeleton required for the bottom plate and the reserved connecting bars on the base cushion layer, and pour concrete based on the steel skeleton of the bottom plate to form a cast-in-place bottom plate; S3, assemble the first section, hoist the two prefabricated side walls of the first section to the predetermined position on the top surface of the cast-in-place bottom plate, and fix the two prefabricated side walls with temporary support; hoist the first U-shaped crossbeam and temporarily lock the two ends on the first brackets of the two prefabricated side walls; hoist the second U-shaped crossbeam and temporarily lock the two ends on the second brackets of the two prefabricated side walls; pass the first transverse anchor cable between the prefabricated side wall and the first U-shaped crossbeam, and anchor the two ends of the first transverse anchor cable to the outside of the prefabricated side wall; S4, assemble the second section, hoist the two prefabricated side walls of the second section to the predetermined position on the top surface of the cast-in-place bottom plate, and lock the prefabricated side walls to the prefabricated side walls of the first section by longitudinal tensioning anchor rods; hoist the first U-shaped crossbeam and temporarily lock the two ends to the first brackets of the two prefabricated side walls; hoist the second U-shaped crossbeam and temporarily lock the two ends to the second brackets of the two prefabricated side walls; pass the first transverse anchor cable between the prefabricated side wall and the first U-shaped crossbeam, and anchor the two ends of the first transverse anchor cable to the outside of the prefabricated side wall; S5, referring to step S4, splicing the remaining segments in sequence; S6. A column is set every 2-4 sections. At the section where the column is set as needed, the prefabricated column is hoisted to the designated position. The lower end of the prefabricated column is anchored on the bottom plate with a temporary locking member, and the top of the prefabricated column is connected to the two adjacent second U-shaped beams. S7. Thread and pull the longitudinal anchor cables so that they penetrate all the prefabricated side walls on the same side of the station, and anchor both ends of the longitudinal anchor cables to the outside of the prefabricated side walls so that all the segments fit tightly together to form an integral station; S8, filling the grouting cavity formed between adjacent precast side walls with expansive concrete; S9. Cast the cap beam on the top surface of the precast side wall; S10, for each segment, respectively, passing a second transverse anchor cable between the crown beam and the second U-shaped cross beam, and anchoring the second transverse anchor cable on the outer side of the crown beam; S11, casting a first longitudinal beam at the waist of the precast column, and casting the first longitudinal beam and all the first U-shaped beams into a whole; casting a second longitudinal reverse beam at the top of the precast column, and casting the second longitudinal reverse beam and all the second U-shaped beams into a whole; S12, pouring the station middle plate and top plate, laying a folded plate on the top surface of the first U-shaped cross beam and tying the floor slab steel bars, then pouring concrete to form the station middle plate, and laying a folded plate on the top surface of the second U-shaped cross beam and tying the floor slab steel bars, then pouring concrete to form the station top plate; S13, pouring the connection section between the prefabricated side wall and the cast-in-place bottom plate, pouring the connection section between the prefabricated column and the cast-in-place bottom plate; S14. Waterproof the outer layer of the station and backfill the foundation pit.

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