A three-dimensional loading and unloading system and method for containerized iron-water intermodal transport by direct access from vehicles and ships

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of containerized rail-water transport, and is a three-dimensional loading and unloading operation system and method for containerized rail-water transport, including: when a container transport ship arrives at a container terminal, a quay crane receives an operation command and lifts the container of the container transport ship to a container truck loading and unloading operation site; the container truck moves the container to a vertical hoist operation site, and the vertical hoist lifts the container to a railway loading and unloading line; a gantry crane grabs the container and transfers it to a railway vehicle, and the railway vehicle transports it along the railway loading and unloading line. This solution is suitable for the actual special terrain condition that the elevation of the railway loading and unloading line connection point is much higher than that of the terminal. The efficient coordination of horizontal and vertical transfer equipment can achieve a truly seamless connection of rail-water transport, thereby improving the turnover efficiency of containers, high loading and unloading efficiency, saving human resources, and reducing the cost of container intermodal connection and transfer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of containerized iron-water intermodal transport, and in particular to a three-dimensional loading and unloading operation system and method for containerized iron-water intermodal transport, directly taking containers from vehicles and ships. Background Art

[0002] At present, the connection process of container rail-water transport mode mainly includes the following:

[0003] 1. Terminal-road-rail freight yard mode (port external transshipment mode). In this mode, there is a certain distance of 2 to 5 km between the railway container station and the terminal (30 km for Yangshan Port). Transshipment between water transport and railway requires a short distance of road transport. This mode adds an external container truck transport link, and the transportation cost and time cost increase accordingly. It is also not convenient for the unified management of the railway-water transport system.

[0004] 2. Terminal-yard-railway loading and unloading area mode (port internal transshipment mode). In this mode, the railway loading and unloading line is laid near the terminal yard, and the loading and unloading machinery and rail cranes in the yard are used to load and unload train containers, which reduces the external truck transportation link and saves transportation costs and time costs. However, yard transshipment is time-consuming and labor-intensive, with low efficiency and a long turnover cycle.

[0005] 3. Water transport-railway vehicle-vessel direct access mode. Since this mode requires a high degree of coordination between vehicle and vessel arrival and departure times, loading and unloading machinery loading and unloading operation plans, etc., it is rarely used at home and abroad.

[0006] In the existing rail-water combined transport vehicle-vessel direct access mode, the transshipment operation between water transport and rail transport does not need to go through the yard operation, and can be directly transshipped. In addition to maintaining information exchange between water transport and railways, coordinating the arrival and departure time of railway trains, the departure and arrival time of dock ships, and the loading and unloading operation plan of loading and unloading machinery and vehicles, this operation mode generally requires keeping the railway loading and unloading line and the dock or dock yard at the same level (not required for the dock-road-rail freight yard mode), so as to facilitate the smooth and non-interference of rail-water combined transport, rail-road combined transport container transshipment operations, and other port operations. However, when the railway loading and unloading line cannot be directly extended to the front of the dock due to special terrain, site and other restrictions, there is a large height difference between the railway loading and unloading line and the dock yard, and it is difficult to extend the railway line (generally, a railway line that drops or rises 6m requires a line length of 1000m to descend or ascend), and the three cannot be kept at the same level, direct vehicle-vessel access cannot be achieved directly. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention provides a three-dimensional loading and unloading operation system and method for container iron-water intermodal transport by direct access from vehicles and ships, which solves the above-mentioned technical problem of the difficulty of iron-water intermodal transport with height difference.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a three-dimensional loading and unloading operation system for containers and ships in rail-water intermodal transport, comprising a container terminal located at the water's edge, a vertical hoist, a truck loading and unloading operation field, a railway loading and unloading operation field, a gantry crane, and a quay crane spanning between the container terminal and the truck loading and unloading operation field, wherein the quay crane is used to lift containers on the ship to the truck loading and unloading operation field, the truck loading and unloading operation field comprises at least one running track, the railway loading and unloading operation field comprises at least one railway loading and unloading line, and there is a height difference between the railway loading and unloading line and the running track, the vertical hoist is connected between the railway loading and unloading line and the running track to vertically lift the container, and the gantry crane is used to transfer the container between the vertical hoist and the railway loading and unloading line.

[0009] Preferably, the container terminal comprises a plurality of container terminals, each container terminal corresponds to a quay crane, and the quay cranes share a container truck loading and unloading operation site.

[0010] Preferably, the vertical lift comprises a container support for positioning the container.

[0011] Preferably, the quay crane comprises a front cantilever and a rear cantilever, the front cantilever is located above the waterside berth at the front of the wharf, and the rear cantilever is located above the truck loading and unloading operation field.

[0012] Preferably, a quay crane trolley is slidably provided between the front cantilever of the quay crane and the rear cantilever of the quay crane, and a quay crane hoist for grabbing containers is provided on the quay crane trolley.

[0013] Preferably, the gantry crane comprises a gantry crane cantilever for grabbing and placing containers.

[0014] Preferably, the width of the quay crane and the operating length of the rear cantilever of the quay crane are in the range of 15 to 40 m.

[0015] Preferably, the operation system further comprises at least one container truck, which runs on a contoured track and is used for transporting containers.

[0016] Preferably, the operating system is also a railway vehicle, which runs on the railway loading and unloading line and is used for transporting containers.

[0017] The present invention also provides a three-dimensional loading and unloading method for container iron-water intermodal transport by vehicle and ship, comprising:

[0018] When a container ship arrives at a container terminal, the quay crane receives an operation order and lifts the container from the container ship to the container truck loading and unloading operation site;

[0019] The container truck moves the container to the vertical hoist operation site, and the vertical hoist lifts the container to the railway loading and unloading line;

[0020] The gantry crane grabs the container and transfers it to the railway car, which is transported along the railway loading and unloading line.

[0021] Beneficial effects: The present invention provides a three-dimensional loading and unloading operation system and method for container-iron-water intermodal transport, including: when a container transport ship arrives at a container terminal, the quay crane receives an operation command and lifts the container of the container transport ship to the container truck loading and unloading operation site; the container truck moves the container to the vertical hoist operation site, and the vertical hoist lifts the container to the railway loading and unloading line; the gantry crane grabs the container and transfers it to the railway vehicle, and the railway vehicle transports it along the railway loading and unloading line. This solution is suitable for the actual special terrain condition that the elevation of the railway loading and unloading line connection point is much higher than that of the terminal. The efficient coordination of horizontal and vertical transfer equipment can realize the real seamless connection of iron-water intermodal transport, thereby improving the turnover efficiency of containers, high loading and unloading efficiency, saving human resources, and reducing the cost of container intermodal docking and transshipment.

[0022] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and implement it according to the contents of the specification, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The specific implementation of the present invention is given in detail by the following embodiments and their accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 It is a plan view of the three-dimensional loading and unloading operation system and method for the container iron-water combined transport vehicle and ship of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a stereoscopic diagram of the three-dimensional loading and unloading operation system and method for direct loading and unloading of containers from a ship to an iron-water combined transport vehicle according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. The present invention is described in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in the following paragraphs. The advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer according to the following description and claims. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and are not in precise proportions, and are only used to conveniently and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" another component, it may be directly on the other component or there may also be a component centered. When a component is considered to be "connected to" another component, it may be directly connected to the other component or there may also be a component centered. When a component is considered to be "set on" another component, it may be directly set on the other component or there may also be a component centered. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0028] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0029] First embodiment: The embodiment of the present invention provides a three-dimensional loading and unloading operation system for containers and railways in combined transport, including a container terminal located at the water's edge, and also including a vertical hoist, a truck loading and unloading operation yard, a railway loading and unloading operation yard, a gantry crane, and a quay crane spanning between the container terminal and the truck loading and unloading operation yard, the quay crane is used to lift containers on the ship to the truck loading and unloading operation yard, the truck loading and unloading operation yard includes at least one running track, the railway loading and unloading operation yard includes at least one railway loading and unloading line, and there is a height difference between the railway loading and unloading line and the running track, the vertical hoist is connected between the railway loading and unloading line and the running track to vertically lift the container, and the gantry crane is used to transfer the container between the vertical hoist and the railway loading and unloading line.

[0030] Specifically, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a port terminal with the function of railway-water intermodal container transshipment can berth a container ship 10 at the waterside berth 21 at the front edge 20 of the terminal;

[0031] On the sea side, there are 300-meter shore container cranes (abbreviated as: quay cranes) or portal cranes (abbreviated as: portal cranes) and running tracks that run through the front edge of the wharf and are parallel to the shoreline;

[0032] A container truck (hereinafter referred to as container truck) loading and unloading area and a travel passage 200 are provided under the gantry span of the quay crane and within the range of the rear cantilever 302 of the quay crane; the moving operation area of ​​the container truck 400 partially overlaps with the lateral lifting and moving operation area of ​​the rear cantilever 302 of the quay crane.

[0033] A set of vertical hoists 500 is arranged between the rear of the front edge 20 of the wharf and the railway loading and unloading line to solve the problem of vertical transportation of containers with large height differences. A container support is arranged on the vertical hoist 500 to realize the container transfer between the container truck 400 and the vertical hoist 500.

[0034] The railway loading and unloading line 700 is located above the height of the quay crane, and a gantry crane 600 is arranged within the loading and unloading line. The cantilever lateral lifting and moving operation area of ​​the gantry crane 600 overlaps with the lifting platform area of ​​the vertical hoist 500.

[0035] This system and method solve the problem of limited longitudinal slope caused by the distance and large height difference between the front edge 20 of the mountain port terminal and the railway loading and unloading line 700. By using the container truck 400, the problem of low efficiency of the longitudinal reciprocating movement of the quay crane between the vertical hoist 500 and the ship 10 is solved. Since the loading and unloading line 700 reached by the railway is higher than the quay crane, it is considered to use the gantry crane 600 erected at the railway loading and unloading line 700 to move the container longitudinally for loading and unloading operations, which can solve the problem of low efficiency of the slow longitudinal movement of containers in the existing vehicle-ship direct access mode. This operation mode greatly improves the operation efficiency and realizes the efficient and seamless connection of railway-water transport in a true sense.

[0036] The technical equipment configuration is as follows:

[0037] (1) A railway loading and unloading line and a railway container truck loading and unloading operation area are set up behind the wharf. The railway loading and unloading line is led out from the adjacent railway station to the high ground behind the front of the wharf, set under the 600-span gantry crane, and arranged parallel to the quay crane running line. The length and number of loading and unloading lines are determined according to the berth length and the volume of rail-water combined transport. They are used for the centralized unloading of railway freight cars loaded with containers or the centralized loading of containers onto railway freight cars waiting to be dispatched.

[0038] (2) The railway truck loading and unloading operation yard is arranged parallel to the loading and unloading line and is set under the span of the gantry crane 600 and under the gantry crane cantilever 602. It is used to temporarily stack containers that have been unloaded and are waiting to be transferred or containers that are waiting to be loaded. The scope of the railway truck loading and unloading operation yard should be calculated and set according to the relevant railway needs.

[0039] (3) Multiple container lifting passages are set up between the front of the container terminal and the railway container truck loading and unloading operation site behind the high ground. The lifting passages are composed of a hoist and a container transfer bracket. The hoist is used for vertical transportation of containers to overcome large height differences. The container transfer bracket is used to lift the container truck box loaded with containers and unload it onto the vertical lifting platform inside the hoist 500.

[0040] (4) There are 400 container trucks and 200 container truck lanes between the quay crane and the vertical hoist 500. The quay crane is used to transfer containers between ships and container trucks. The container truck is used to transfer containers between the vertical hoist 500 and the quay crane. Considering the need to accommodate multiple container trucks at the same time, the horizontal width of the container truck lane meets the needs of multi-lane parallel operation. The length of the container truck lane and the number of container trucks are determined according to the distance between the quay cranes and the container transportation volume.

[0041] (3) Build systems such as port container management system and railway container management system to realize dynamic control and management of the loading and unloading process.

[0042] The system functions are as follows:

[0043] 1. A mountain port terminal with the function of direct transshipment of container vehicles and ships for rail-water transport, where one or more container ships 10 can be berthed at the seaside berth 21 at the front 20 of the terminal. The container terminal is a hub for the collection and evacuation of water, rail and road container transportation, used for berthing container ships and loading and unloading containers;

[0044] 2. A shore gantry crane 300 (abbreviated as: shore crane) or a portal crane (abbreviated as: portal crane, the shore crane described in this article is also applicable to portal crane) and a running track 304 running through the front of the wharf are installed at the front seaside berth 21, which are used for container ships 10 to load and unload at the port, and directly transfer containers 100 between the container ships 10 and the container trucks 400.

[0045] The quay crane operation arrangement can be one quay crane corresponding to one ship for loading and unloading operations, or multiple quay cranes for loading and unloading operations on one ship; or one quay crane at multiple berths for loading and unloading operations on one ship at the same time, or multiple quay cranes at multiple berths for loading and unloading operations on one ship at the same time, or an indefinite number of quay cranes and an indefinite number of ships for loading and unloading containers at the same time.

[0046] 3. Multiple container truck 400 loading and unloading areas and running channels 200 are provided between the two running rails 304 under the gantry of the quay crane and under the rear cantilever 302 of the quay crane, which are used to connect the quay crane and the container truck loading and unloading operation site 800 (or road combined transport) for the container truck 400 loading and unloading operations. It is used to realize the direct loading and unloading operations of road container trucks in water-road combined transport. Multiple quay cranes can operate on one track line 304. The lateral movement operation area of ​​the container truck 400 partially overlaps with the lateral lifting and movement operation area of ​​the rear cantilever 302 of the quay crane, and the virtual operation area is divided according to the operation length, and the operation area is partially crossed. The longitudinal movement of the container truck 400 can serve one quay crane, and can also serve multiple quay cranes to operate simultaneously.

[0047] 4. At least one vertical hoist 500 is set between the truck loading and unloading operation site 800 and the high ground behind the front edge 20 of the wharf for vertical transportation of containers with large height differences. The vertical hoist is equipped with an automatic container support, which can accept containers loaded by trucks and release containers to trucks. At the same time, a corresponding number of trucks 400 are equipped for container transfer between the truck loading and unloading operation site 800 and the vertical lifting platform of the vertical hoist 500.

[0048] 5. A gantry crane 600 is installed on the high ground behind the front edge 20 of the wharf. At least one railway loading and unloading line 700 is installed between the track 604 of the gantry crane and the container truck loading and unloading operation area 800, and the parallel shoreline runs through the loading and unloading area longitudinally. The railway loading and unloading line 700 is used to park railway vehicles 710 for transporting containers.

[0049] (1) Multiple railway loading and unloading lines 700 can be used to park multiple trains of vehicles 710, and multiple trains of vehicles can be used for continuous operations of direct container loading and unloading. One train of vehicles is performing loading and unloading operations, and another train of vehicles that has completed loading and unloading exchanges empty and loaded vehicles with the station (yard). The two railway loading and unloading lines 700 alternately exchange empty and loaded vehicles to meet the continuous container loading and unloading operations. Multiple trains of vehicles can be used for continuous container loading and unloading operations, or for alternating transportation of inbound and outbound containers.

[0050] (2) Multiple railway loading and unloading lines 700 can be used to park multiple trains of vehicles 710, and multiple trains of vehicles can be used for the railway direction assembly and loading of containers in the loading and unloading operation. Each railway loading and unloading line 700 defines a transportation direction, and the vehicles 710 of different railway loading and unloading lines 700 load containers of different transportation directions. The containers loaded and unloaded by the gantry crane 600 are directly loaded into the vehicles 710 of the railway loading and unloading line 700 with the same transportation direction. After the containers in the same direction are loaded into the vehicles 710 in the same track, they can be formed into a direct train in the same direction without being assembled at the station, and directly depart for trunk transportation.

[0051] (3) Multiple railway loading and unloading lines 700 can be used to park multiple trains of vehicles 710, and multiple trains of vehicles 710 can be used for the classification and loading of railway containers in container loading and unloading operations. The trains of each track define a container type to meet different needs in railway transportation. The railway transportation requirements of dry cargo containers, bulk cargo containers, liquid containers, refrigerated containers, insulated containers, dangerous goods containers, etc. are different (for example, the refrigerator needs to be powered during the transportation of refrigerated containers). The vehicles 710 of different railway tracks, i.e., railway loading and unloading lines 700, are loaded with different types of containers 100, and the same track is loaded with the same type of containers. The containers unloaded by the gantry crane 600 are directly loaded into the vehicles of the track with the same transportation type. After the containers in the same direction are loaded on the vehicles 710 of the same track, they can be formed into a direct train of containers of the same type without being assembled at the station, and directly depart for trunk transportation.

[0052] 6. The total horizontal width of the number of truck lanes arranged at the front of the wharf is basically consistent with the width of the quay crane and the length of the rear cantilever of the quay crane. The width of the quay crane and the operating length of the rear cantilever of the quay crane are generally between 15 and 40 meters. The width of the truck lane area that can be arranged is 15 to 40 meters, and a maximum of multiple truck lanes can be arranged.

[0053] Second embodiment: The embodiment of the present invention provides a three-dimensional loading and unloading method for container iron-water combined transport by vehicle and ship, comprising:

[0054] When a container ship arrives at a container terminal, the quay crane receives an operation order and lifts the container from the container ship to the container truck loading and unloading operation site;

[0055] The container truck moves the container to the vertical hoist operation site, and the vertical hoist lifts the container to the railway loading and unloading line;

[0056] The gantry crane grabs the container and transfers it to the railway car, which is transported along the railway loading and unloading line.

[0057] The method is applied to the three-dimensional loading and unloading operation system for direct loading and unloading of containers from vehicles and ships in the first embodiment.

[0058] 1. Basic ship unloading and railway loading operation process (taking a railway loading and unloading line as an example)

[0059] (1) The container transport ship leaves the forward port, sends a ship schedule notice, arrival time and container manifest to the scheduled port, and sends a ship schedule, container arrival and route loading notice to the railway and highway at the arrival port; the container transport ship 10 arrives at the designated berth 21 of the port area and docks, and the transport ship 10 delivers the container loading warehouse receipt to the port area and the port area container management system;

[0060] (2) The port container management system exchanges information such as container number and transportation direction with the railway container management system based on the destination of the container transported by the ship loading warehouse receipt, and issues docking operations to the terminal quay crane, container truck 400, vertical hoist 500, gantry crane 600 and other equipment;

[0061] (3) After receiving the dispatching instruction from the railway container management system, the adjacent station sends the empty railway container train (railway vehicle 710) to the railway loading and unloading line through the shunting locomotive to wait for loading; the container truck 400 and the vertical hoist 500 move to the designated position according to the operation permission instruction issued by the port container management system, waiting to be connected with the terminal crane;

[0062] (4) The quay crane grabs the intermodal container 100 from the unloading vessel 10 according to the operation plan, moves it horizontally to the bottom of the gantry or the rear cantilever 302 through the quay crane trolley 303 and unloads it to the container truck 400 waiting for docking at the front of the quay;

[0063] (5) After the handover with the terminal crane is completed, the container truck 400 enters the vertical lifting platform 500 through the container truck channel, the lifting platform container support lifts the container, the container is separated from the container truck, the container truck drives out of the lifting platform 500, and the container support places the container on the lifting platform; the container transfer between the container truck 400 and the vertical lifting machine 500 is completed.

[0064] (6) The vertical lifting platform climbs and uses the gantry crane cantilever 602 of the gantry crane 600 to grab the container from the vertical lifting platform to the top of the railway loading and unloading line 700. If the railway vehicle 710 can arrive at the designated loading and unloading location in time, the gantry crane will unload the container into the railway vehicle 710; if some containers need to be transported by road according to needs, they can be transferred to road transportation by using the container truck 400.

[0065] (7) Repeat the above process. After loading is completed, the railway vehicle 710 is pulled out by the corresponding shunting locomotive to the port station for assembly or is directly coupled to the main locomotive and then sent out.

[0066] 2. Basic ship loading and unloading process for railway

[0067] (1) The container transport ship leaves the forward port and sends a ship schedule notice, arrival time and container manifest to the scheduled port. When arriving at the port, it sends a ship schedule, container arrival and route loading notice to the railway and highway. The container transport ship 10 arrives at the designated berth 21 in the port area and docks. The transport ship delivers the container loading warehouse receipt to the port area and the port area container management system.

[0068] (2) The port container management system exchanges information such as container number and transportation direction with the railway container management system based on the destination of the container transported by the ship loading warehouse receipt, and issues docking operations to the terminal quay crane, container truck 400, vertical hoist 500, gantry crane 600 and other equipment;

[0069] (3) After receiving the dispatching instruction from the railway container management system, the adjacent station sends the railway vehicle 710 loaded with containers to the railway loading and unloading line 700 through the shunting locomotive to wait for unloading; the container truck 400 moves to the designated location according to the operation permission instruction issued by the port container management system, waiting for the connection with the railway intermodal transport related loading and unloading equipment;

[0070] (4) According to the operation plan, the gantry crane 601 of the gantry crane 600 grabs the container from the designated position of the railway vehicle 710, unloads it through the gantry crane cantilever 602 and places it on the container support of the vertical lifting platform. At this time, the container transfer from the railway vehicle 710 to the vertical lifting machine 500 is completed;

[0071] (5) The vertical lifting platform is lowered to transfer the container to the 800m height operating range of the truck loading and unloading operation yard;

[0072] (6) The container truck enters the vertical lifting platform 500, the container support falls down, and the container is transferred to the container truck 400. The container truck 400 drives to the terminal quay crane loading and unloading area via the dedicated road 210;

[0073] (7) The quay crane grabs the container from the container truck 400 through the quay crane hoist according to the operation plan, moves it horizontally to the front cantilever 301 of the quay crane through the quay crane trolley 310, and unloads it to the designated area of ​​the ship to be loaded 10;

[0074] (8) Repeat the above process. After loading and unloading, the railway vehicle 710 is pulled out by the corresponding shunting locomotive to the port station for assembly or is directly coupled to the main locomotive and then sent out.

[0075] The third embodiment: the operation method of parallel gantry cranes. The operation method is the same as the second embodiment, except that more gantry cranes, vertical hoists and railway loading and unloading lines can be operated at the same time.

[0076] When there are multiple ships and multiple quay cranes operating at the same time, the number of gantry cranes, vertical hoists, and railway loading and unloading lines cannot meet the operating requirements, and the gantry cranes may conflict with each other in the target path of container transportation. In order to undertake the synchronous loading and unloading operations of multiple ships and multiple quay cranes, in addition to the optimization of the control system, it is also necessary to configure sufficient railway loading and unloading lines, gantry cranes, vertical hoists, and handover truck loading and unloading operation sites. The handover truck loading and unloading operation site is set in the middle of the two crane tracks, and the additional railway loading and unloading line is set under the span of the gantry crane.

[0077] Technical effects:

[0078] (I) Suitable for special terrain conditions and improves technical feasibility. Some ports are restricted by terrain conditions, and the elevation of the railway loading and unloading line connection point is much higher than the wharf. If the railway loading and unloading line is directly arranged in the front quay crane loading and unloading operation area of ​​the wharf, a large longitudinal slope is required, which has poor technical feasibility and low safety. The new mode of direct vehicle and ship pickup proposed in this patent solves the problem that under the actual special terrain conditions where the elevation of the railway loading and unloading line connection point is much higher than the wharf, the non-ground transportation of containers through traditional horizontal transfer equipment will bring about problems such as high safety risks, low operating efficiency, and high environmental pressure. Through the efficient coordination of the horizontal and vertical transfer equipment proposed this time, a truly seamless connection of rail-water transport can be achieved, thereby improving the turnover efficiency of containers.

[0079] (II) Reduce operation links and improve transportation efficiency

[0080] The new mode of direct vehicle-ship pickup proposed in this patent solves the limitation of the existing direct vehicle-ship pickup mode that the internal container trucks still need to use the front crane to transfer to complete the container transshipment. It reduces the storage links in the internal transportation container truck loading and unloading operation site and can realize the real seamless connection of rail-water transport, thereby improving transportation efficiency and saving short-distance transportation costs.

[0081] (III) Saving the area of ​​truck loading and unloading operation site, high degree of automation and cost reduction. This patent can realize the efficient transshipment and non-ground transportation of containers in the rail-water combined transport. Containers do not need to be stored in the truck loading and unloading operation site, which greatly saves the area of ​​truck loading and unloading operation site and reduces the port storage and operation costs. At the same time, since the container loading and unloading operations between ships and railway vehicles can be automated, the loading and unloading efficiency is high, human resources are saved, and the cost of container combined transport connection and transshipment is reduced.

[0082] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Any ordinary technician in the industry can smoothly implement the present invention as shown in the drawings and described above. However, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made by technicians familiar with the profession without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention using the technical content disclosed above are all equivalent embodiments of the present invention. At the same time, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for three-dimensional loading and unloading of containers directly taken from ships by rail and water combined transport, which is implemented based on a three-dimensional loading and unloading system for containers directly taken from ships by rail and water combined transport, wherein the three-dimensional loading and unloading system for containers directly taken from ships by rail and water combined transport comprises a container terminal located at the water's edge, and also comprises a vertical hoist, a container truck loading and unloading operation field, a railway loading and unloading operation field, a gantry crane, and a quay bridge spanning between the container terminal and the container truck loading and unloading operation field, wherein the quay bridge is used to lift containers on the ship to the container truck loading and unloading operation field, wherein the container truck loading and unloading operation field comprises at least one running track, wherein the railway loading and unloading operation field comprises at least one railway loading and unloading line, wherein there is a height difference between the railway loading and unloading line and the running track, wherein the vertical hoist is connected between the railway loading and unloading line and the running track to vertically lift the container, wherein the gantry crane is used to transfer the container between the vertical hoist and the railway loading and unloading line; the method solves the problem of longitudinal slope limitation caused by the distance and large height difference between the front edge of the port terminal in mountainous area and the railway loading and unloading line, and is characterized in that The container iron-water combined transport vehicle-ship direct three-dimensional loading and unloading operation method comprises the following steps: When a container ship arrives at a container terminal, the quay crane receives an operation order and lifts the container from the container ship to the container truck loading and unloading operation site; The container truck moves the container to the vertical hoist operation site, and the vertical hoist lifts the container to the railway loading and unloading line; The gantry crane grabs the container and transfers it to the railway car, which is transported along the railway loading and unloading line.

2. The method for direct three-dimensional loading and unloading of containers by ship and iron-water combined transport according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The container terminal includes a plurality of containers, each container terminal corresponds to a quay crane, and the quay cranes share a container truck loading and unloading operation site.

3. The container iron-water combined transport vehicle-ship direct three-dimensional loading and unloading operation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The vertical lift includes a container support for positioning the container.

4. The container iron-water combined transport vehicle-ship direct three-dimensional loading and unloading operation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The quay crane comprises a front cantilever and a rear cantilever. The front cantilever is located above the waterside berth at the front of the wharf, and the rear cantilever is located above the container truck loading and unloading operation field.

5. The method for direct loading and unloading of containers from a ship to a railway or railway vehicle according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A quay crane trolley is slidably arranged between the front cantilever of the quay crane and the rear cantilever of the quay crane, and a quay crane hoist for grabbing containers is arranged on the quay crane trolley.

6. The container iron-water combined transport vehicle-ship direct three-dimensional loading and unloading operation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The gantry crane comprises a gantry crane cantilever for grabbing and placing containers.

7. The method for direct loading and unloading of containers from a ship to a railway or railway vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The width of the quay crane and the operating length of the rear cantilever of the quay crane range from 15 to 40 meters.

8. The method for direct loading and unloading of containers from a ship to a railway or railway vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The operation system also includes at least one container truck, which runs on a contoured track and is used for transporting containers.

9. The method for direct loading and unloading of containers from a ship to a railway or railway vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operation system also includes a railway vehicle, which runs on the railway loading and unloading line and is used to transport containers.

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