A report management system for production and operation environment indicators of thermal power plants
By designing a report management system for the production and operation environment indicators of thermal power plants, the analysis and solution of complex problems in the production and operation of thermal power plants is solved, efficient indicator traceability analysis and data correction are achieved, and production and operation efficiency and economic benefits are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202110173101.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2021-02-08
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-18
- Estimated Expiration
- 2041-02-08
AI Technical Summary
The existing technology is difficult to effectively analyze and solve complex problems in the production and operation of thermal power plants, resulting in high production and operation costs and low efficiency, and lack of indicator traceability analysis and accurate data correction capabilities.
Design a report management system for thermal power plant production and operation environment indicators, including database, system configuration calculation module, data correction module, indicator tracking module, indicator replacement configuration module, calculation scheduling module and manual entry module, through these modules Efficient traceability analysis of production and operation problems and accurate data correction.
It has realized the automatic precise positioning of the source of abnormal indicator problems, accurately reflect the production and operation conditions, and provided power enterprises with reliable, practical and accurate indicator calculations and problem traceability management, reducing production costs, and improving efficiency and economic benefits.
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Figure CN112862314B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of power plant production and operation data analysis, and relates to a report management system for production and operation environment indicators of thermal power plants, and in particular to a report management system for measuring points, indicator data correction, and production and operation indicator abnormal problem tracing that is adapted to the complex production and operation environment of thermal power plants. Background Art
[0002] As the marketization of electricity gradually deepens, the trading of electricity products is gradually marketized and the competition is fierce. Electricity is different from general commodities and cannot be stored in large quantities. Therefore, power companies need to quickly discover and solve problems in production and operation, reduce production and operation costs, and improve their competitiveness in the electricity market.
[0003] With the accelerated development of information and intelligent power grids, various types of analysis software are widely used, and the real-time data of power plant operations is growing exponentially. These data contain all the information on the production and operation of power companies. Analyzing and tracing the indicators generated by these data will help power companies to promptly discover production and operation problems, reduce production costs, and improve production efficiency and resource utilization.
[0004] The traditional reporting system of power companies consumes a lot of energy of management personnel, has low data analysis capabilities, and lacks the ability to trace the source of production and operation problems and accurately correct data. In addition, the actual business system is affected by complex factors such as time adjustment, test time, equipment defects, system failures, dispatching management, equipment adjustment, metering equipment installation location, medium leakage, corrosion, load state changes, business adjustments, etc. The accuracy and precision of indicators calculated by real-time measurement and test data need to be strengthened urgently to promote unified and orderly management of data resources, comprehensive utilization of data resources and maximization of value, improve efficiency, reduce labor costs, ensure the authenticity and reliability of production and operation indicators and the traceability of abnormal indicators, and improve the timeliness and economic benefits of production and operation indicator analysis, so as to give full play to the value of information assets and provide a basic analysis basis for reasonable operations and scientific decision-making. Summary of the invention
[0005] In order to address the deficiencies in the prior art, the present application provides a reporting management system for the production and operation environment indicators of a thermal power plant. Through efficient production and operation problem tracing analysis and data precise correction calculation, it can automatically and accurately locate the source of abnormal indicator problems and accurately reflect the production and operation status, providing power companies with an indicator calculation and production and operation problem tracing management reporting system that is both reliable, practical and accurate and adaptable to the complex production and operation environment of thermal power plants.
[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solutions:
[0007] A report management system for production and operation environment indicators of a thermal power plant, the system comprising a database, a system configuration calculation module, a data correction module, an indicator tracking module, an indicator source configuration module, a calculation scheduling module and a manual input module;
[0008] The database is a relational database used to store real-time data of measuring points, index data and various calculation formulas;
[0009] The system configuration calculation module is used to perform configuration calculation on the real-time data of the measuring points of the production and operation environment of the thermal power plant and various index data, obtain the real-time data of the measuring points for various tables and various index data with standard coding, and store them in the database;
[0010] The data correction module is used to select the recalculated measuring points and indicators and the related measuring points and indicators, and select the reports related to the recalculated measuring points and indicators;
[0011] The indicator tracking module is used to query and display indicators and related information;
[0012] The indicator source configuration module is used to recalculate and configure the recalculated measuring points and indicators and the associated measuring points and indicators selected by the data correction module, as well as the reports related to the selected recalculated measuring points and indicators;
[0013] The calculation scheduling module is used to schedule and manage the calculation methods of various types and levels of indicators in the system configuration calculation module according to the selection of the data correction module and the configuration requirements of the indicator source configuration module, automatically read the calculation formula of the indicator in the database and the data in the database for calculation, and write the calculation results into the database, so as to adapt to the requirements of data correction and adjustment calculation under the production and operation environment of the thermal power plant;
[0014] The manual input module is used to manually input the correct data and formulas that need to be corrected and replaced by the data correction module and the indicator source replacement configuration module.
[0015] Preferably, the database is an Oracle database, which specifically stores the real-time data of the thermal power plant's production and operation environment measurement after being calculated and processed by the system configuration calculation module, the indicator data for reporting, the standard data table for calculation reference, the unit debugging history data, and the calculation formulas of various indicators and basic mathematical function formulas after configuration.
[0016] Preferably, the calculation formula of the indicator consists of indicator grouping, indicator standard coding, indicator type and specific calculation formula;
[0017] The index groups include boiler, steam turbine, chemical, electrical, heat network, coal transportation, fuel, ash removal, environmental protection, desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal;
[0018] The indicator standard code is the only identifier of the indicator;
[0019] The indicator types are divided into hourly indicators, shift indicators, daily indicators, monthly indicators and annual indicators.
[0020] Preferably, the calculation formulas of the indicators include calculation formulas for system and equipment performance indicators, calculation formulas for heat indicators, calculation formulas for flow and pressure correction, calculation formulas for electric energy metering indicators, empirical formulas, calculation formulas for consumption difference indicators, calculation formulas for statistical indicators, calculation formulas for performance debugging tests, energy-saving calculation formulas, calculation formulas for environmental protection indicators, calculation formulas for business indicators, calculation formulas for chemical analysis indicators, and calculation formulas for fuel metering;
[0021] And the cumulative indicator calculation formulas, class indicator calculation formulas, daily indicator calculation formulas, class indicator table code conversion formulas, daily indicator table code conversion formulas, daily indicator class indicator conversion formulas, monthly indicator daily indicator conversion formulas, quarterly indicator monthly indicator conversion formulas, annual indicator monthly indicator conversion formulas and reference indicator calculation formulas respectively used to realize the cumulative indicator calculations, class indicator calculations, daily indicator calculations, class indicator table code conversion formulas, daily indicator table code conversion formulas, daily indicator class indicator conversion formulas, monthly indicator daily indicator conversion formulas, quarterly indicator monthly indicator conversion formulas, annual indicator monthly indicator conversion formulas and reference indicator calculation formulas;
[0022] The calculation formulas for the system and equipment performance indicators are used to calculate the performance, efficiency and output indicators of computer groups and equipment;
[0023] The calculation formula of the heat index is used to calculate the heat energy loss, thermal efficiency and thermal balance index of the computer group;
[0024] The flow and pressure correction calculation formula is used to correct the calculation of flow and pressure data output by the on-site pipeline steam, water flow, and steam pressure measurement unit at different temperatures and pressures;
[0025] The electric energy metering index calculation formula is used to calculate the power generation, unit consumption and power supply indicators;
[0026] The empirical formula is used for empirical calculation of data that cannot meet the sampling and measurement difficulties;
[0027] The consumption difference index calculation formula is used to calculate the unit consumption difference;
[0028] The statistical indicator calculation formula is used to calculate indicators related to statistical time;
[0029] The calculation formula for performance debugging test is used for annual or periodic performance debugging and special calculation for experiments of the unit;
[0030] The energy-saving calculation formula is used for the calculation of the energy-saving index analysis of the unit;
[0031] The environmental index calculation formula is used to calculate the content of particulate matter, SO2, NOX and CO in the flue gas of the unit;
[0032] The operating index calculation formula is used to calculate the operating cost indicators of fuel cost, heating cost and power generation cost;
[0033] The chemical analysis index calculation formula is used to calculate the relevant indicators of slag, steam, water quality, ash content and volatile matter;
[0034] The fuel metering calculation formula is used to calculate the amount of coal entering the port, the amount of coal measured on the track, the amount of lime slurry, the amount of coal in the coal yard and the amount of coal entering the furnace.
[0035] Preferably, the system configuration calculation module obtains real-time data of the production and operation environment of the thermal power plant through the SIS system unified interface platform.
[0036] Preferably, the system configuration calculation module includes various drag-and-drop application modules encapsulating various mathematical calculation functions and chart query and value acquisition tools;
[0037] The drag-and-drop application module is used to configure calculation formulas and form new calculation formulas to complete different calculation tasks;
[0038] The chart query value acquisition tool uses a linear algorithm and a least squares algorithm to gradually approach the curve value acquisition method, and obtains reference standard values for participating index calculations that reflect the actual performance and energy consumption of the unit system or equipment from the curve or data table of the unit commissioning or performance test;
[0039] The system configuration calculation module is used for configuring the calculation formula. After forming a new calculation formula, a standard code is assigned to the calculation formula. The standard code of the calculation formula is used to uniquely identify the calculation formula for use when querying and calling the calculation formula.
[0040] Preferably, the data correction module is used to select the recalculated measuring points and indicators and the related measuring points and indicators, and select the reports related to the recalculated measuring points and indicators, specifically by querying the recalculated measuring points and indicators and their related measuring points and indicators and related reports, report generation status and generation time, and after selection, calling the indicator source configuration module or the manual input module to realize the data correction of the measuring points and indicators;
[0041] The data correction module records the correction log;
[0042] The correction log includes the name of the corrected measuring point and indicator and its related measuring points and indicators, indicator type, report name, report generation status and generation time, correction time, login account and maintainer name.
[0043] Preferably, the indicator tracking module includes an indicator calculation hierarchical association diagram module, a query associated indicator and data module, an indicator over-limit alarm module and a hierarchical comparison module of cascade indicators at all levels, which is conducive to tracing and locating the production and operation problems of abnormal indicators step by step;
[0044] The indicator calculation level association diagram module is used to graphically display the cascade levels and relationships of indicator calculations at all levels and their data;
[0045] The query related indicators and data module is used to query the actual calculation formula of the indicator and the names, indicator standard codes, data, and calculation formulas of other indicators involved in the calculation in the formula according to the indicator standard code and type;
[0046] The indicator over-limit alarm module is used for displaying the color of the over-limit indicator;
[0047] The hierarchical comparison module of cascading indicators at each level is used to compare indicators at the same level by dragging and dropping to form a comparison graph, so as to locate the source of production and operation problems.
[0048] Preferably, the indicator replacement source configuration module is used to recalculate the recalculated measuring points and indicators and the associated measuring points and indicators selected by the data correction module, as well as the reports related to the selected recalculated measuring points and indicators, specifically for the configuration of the recalculated measuring points and indicators, the time range, the report range and the indicator type, whether to replace the data in the database before recalculation, whether to correct the formula, the correction value and the data standard value;
[0049] The indicator alternative source configuration module automatically records the alternative source log;
[0050] The replacement source log includes recalculated measuring points and indicators, report data and replacement status, recalculated measuring points and indicators, report data before and after replacement, recalculated indicator type and time range, correction value, corrected calculation formula and selected or entered standard data, login account and maintainer.
[0051] Preferably, the recalculation configuration in the indicator replacement source configuration module includes recalculation validity configuration, input data state validity configuration, output data state validity configuration, unit operation state configuration, replacement validity configuration, correction formula validity configuration and manual entry validity configuration;
[0052] The recalculation validity configuration is a flag for whether to perform recalculation, which is divided into recalculation valid and recalculation invalid;
[0053] The input data status validity configuration is a flag indicating whether the input data is valid during recalculation, which is divided into valid input data and invalid input data;
[0054] The output data status validity configuration is a flag indicating whether the output data is valid during recalculation, which is divided into output data valid and output data invalid;
[0055] The unit operation status is configured as a sign of the unit operation status within a selected time range, which is divided into shutdown, startup, operation and debugging;
[0056] The replacement validity configuration is a flag for whether to replace the data value before recalculation in the database, which is divided into replacement validity and replacement invalid;
[0057] The validity configuration of the correction formula is a flag indicating whether to modify and recalculate the calculation formula of the measuring point or index and the associated measuring point or index, which is divided into the correction formula being valid and the correction formula being invalid;
[0058] The manual entry validity configuration is a flag indicating whether the manual entry is valid, which is divided into manual entry valid and manual entry invalid.
[0059] Beneficial effects achieved by this application:
[0060] 1. Provide power companies with a reliable, practical and accurate indicator calculation system that adapts to the complex production and operation environment of thermal power plants and a production and operation problem tracing analysis and reporting system;
[0061] 2. Through efficient production and operation problem tracing analysis and data accurate recalculation capabilities, it can automatically and accurately locate the causes of abnormal indicator problems and accurately reflect the production and operation status;
[0062] 3. In addition to providing production and operation problem tracing analysis and data recalculation, this application also provides indicator cascade comparison analysis, thereby further guiding the power plant production and operation analysis and solving the problem of inaccurate indicator calculation caused by business time mismatch;
[0063] 4. This application can also establish a set of thermal power plant production and operation measurement points, index standard coding system and a set of index calculation formulas and coding, improve the reusability and versatility of power plant data information, enhance the value of power plant data, and gradually form thermal power plant data assets. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0064] Figure 1 The present invention is a structural block diagram of a report management system for production and operation environment indicators of a thermal power plant. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0065] The present application is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present application.
[0066] A report management system for production and operation environment indicators of a thermal power plant, the system comprising a database, a system configuration calculation module, a calculation scheduling module, a data correction module, an indicator tracking module, an indicator source configuration module and a manual input module;
[0067] In the specific embodiment of the present application, the database is an Oracle database, which specifically stores the real-time data of the thermal power plant production and operation environment measured by the system configuration calculation module, the real-time data of the measuring point, the index data for reporting, the standard data table for calculation reference, the historical data of the unit commissioning, and the calculation formulas of various indicators and basic mathematical function formulas after configuration; the SIS system includes a real-time database;
[0068] The index data for reporting includes all the indexes and data used in the user report, such as main steam temperature, main steam pressure, subcooling, coal consumption rate, steam consumption rate, superheated steam pressure, plant power consumption rate and other indexes and their actual values;
[0069] The standard data tables for calculation reference include national or industry standard data tables used for calculation indicators, such as enthalpy entropy comparison tables, fuel standard conversion coefficient tables, etc.
[0070] The real-time data of the production and operation environment of thermal power plants is obtained through the unified interface platform of the SIS system, including the name, upper limit, lower limit, alarm value, status value, generation time, etc. of the real-time data measured on site;
[0071] The calculation formula of the indicator consists of indicator grouping, indicator standard coding, indicator type and specific calculation formula.
[0072] Indicator grouping users can freely set according to professional divisions, for example:
[0073] Index grouping: boiler, steam turbine, chemical, electrical, heat network, coal transportation, fuel, ash removal, environmental protection, desulfurization, denitrification, dust removal;
[0074] The indicator standard code is a unique identifier for the indicator; it consists of Arabic numerals and letters, including region, power plant, indicator attribute, indicator type, indicator range, indicator level, indicator business category, and indicator specific standard code;
[0075] The first and second digits of the indicator can be: the region is determined by the first and second digits; the power plant is determined by the third and fourth digits; the attribute of the indicator is determined by the fifth digit, such as whether it is a strategic indicator or a scientific and technological indicator; the sixth and seventh digits are determined by the indicator type, such as energy saving or environmental protection; the eighth digit is determined by whether it is a comprehensive indicator for the whole plant or a single unit indicator; the ninth digit is determined by the level of the indicator; the tenth, eleventh and twelfth digits are determined by whether it is a business indicator such as finance, fuel, boiler, etc.; the thirteenth to sixteenth digits are the specific standard codes of the indicator;
[0076] For example: The standard code for the coal consumption index of the No. 1 unit of Taizhou Power Plant in Jiangsu Province is: 21TZ1JN110030001, where 21 indicates Jiangsu Province, TZ indicates Taizhou Power Plant, 1 indicates the strategic index, JN indicates the energy-saving index, 1 indicates the No. 1 unit, 1 indicates the primary index, 003 indicates the fuel index, and 0001 is the specific standard code for the coal consumption index of power generation;
[0077] The indicator types are divided into hourly indicators, shift indicators, daily indicators, monthly indicators, quarterly indicators and annual indicators;
[0078] For example, for an indicator with an indicator standard code of 210278,
[0079] The time index calculation formula defined is ("121302H0230LBA20BR001ZZ0011PFA01RAW00,@DATETIME"), and the data is obtained in real time;
[0080] The calculation formula of the class indicator is defined as ("121302H0230LBA20BR001ZZ0011PFA01RAW00,@DATETIME,@SHIFTSYSTEM,@SHIFT,AVG"), and the data is obtained in real time;
[0081] The daily index calculation formula defined is: daily index ("121302H0230LBA20BR001ZZ0011PFA01RAW00,@DATETIME,@DATETIME,AVG"), real-time data acquisition;
[0082] The calculation formula for the monthly index defined by it is: monthly index daily index conversion ("210278, SUM");
[0083] The annual index calculation formula defined by it is: annual index monthly index conversion ("210278, SUM");
[0084] The indicator calculation formula standard code is used to uniquely identify the indicator calculation formula, which is convenient for calling the indicator calculation formula;
[0085] It is composed of Arabic numerals, including project, unit and specific standard coding information;
[0086] It can be: the first digit in the index standard code determines which phase of the capital construction or renovation project the unit belongs to, the second digit determines which unit the report index belongs to, and the last four or more digits indicate the specific standard code;
[0087] For example: There are four units in a power plant, of which units 3 and 4 belong to the second phase project, and the index is 240003, where 2 represents the second phase project, 4 represents unit 4, and 0003 is the specific standard code.
[0088] The calculation formulas of the indicators include calculation formulas for system and equipment performance indicators, calculation formulas for heat indicators, calculation formulas for flow and pressure correction, calculation formulas for electric energy metering indicators, empirical formulas, calculation formulas for consumption difference indicators, calculation formulas for statistical indicators, calculation formulas for performance debugging tests, calculation formulas for energy saving, calculation formulas for environmental protection indicators, calculation formulas for business indicators, calculation formulas for chemical analysis indicators, and calculation formulas for fuel metering;
[0089] The calculation formulas for the system and equipment performance indicators are used to calculate indicators such as computer group and equipment performance, efficiency, output, etc., such as shaft power, output power, heat rate, etc.;
[0090] The calculation formula of the heat index is used to calculate the heat energy loss, heat efficiency and heat balance of the computer group, such as high heating efficiency, steam turbine heat consumption, condenser thermal efficiency, etc.
[0091] The flow and pressure correction calculation formula is used to correct the calculation of flow and pressure data output by the field pipeline steam, water flow, and steam pressure measurement unit at different temperatures and pressures, such as main steam flow, extraction steam flow, feed water flow, flue gas flow, etc.;
[0092] The electric energy metering index calculation formula is used to calculate indicators such as power generation, unit consumption, and power supply, for example: power generation of unit 1, unit consumption of coal mill, power consumption of induced draft fan, etc.;
[0093] The empirical formula is used to calculate some data that cannot meet the sampling and measurement difficulties, such as: chemical incomplete combustion loss, smoke loss, slag loss, mechanical incomplete loss, etc.;
[0094] The consumption difference index calculation formula is used to calculate the unit consumption difference;
[0095] The statistical index calculation formula is used for the index involving statistical time, such as the calculation of daily index, annual average index, daily load rate, etc.
[0096] The calculation formula for performance debugging test is used for calculation of annual or periodic vacuum tightness, fan efficiency, pump efficiency and other performance debugging and experiments of the unit;
[0097] The energy-saving calculation formula is used to calculate energy-saving indicators such as unit micro-entropy increase, self-use water rate, boiler efficiency, etc.
[0098] The environmental index calculation formula is used to calculate the content of particulate matter, SO2, NOX and CO in the flue gas of the unit;
[0099] The operating index calculation formula is used to calculate operating costs such as fuel costs, heating costs, and power generation costs;
[0100] The chemical analysis index calculation formula is used to calculate the relevant indicators of slag, steam, water quality, ash content and volatile matter;
[0101] The fuel metering calculation formula is used to calculate indicators such as the amount of coal entering the port, the amount of coal measured on the track, the amount of lime slurry, the amount of coal in the coal yard and the amount of coal entering the furnace.
[0102] As well as the cumulative indicator calculation formulas, class indicator calculation formulas, daily indicator calculation formulas, class indicator table code conversion formulas, daily indicator table code conversion formulas, daily indicator class indicator conversion formulas, monthly indicator daily indicator conversion formulas, quarterly indicator monthly indicator conversion formulas, annual indicator monthly indicator conversion formulas and reference indicator calculation formulas which are respectively used to realize the cumulative indicator calculation, class indicator calculation, daily indicator calculation, class indicator table code conversion formulas, daily indicator table code conversion formulas, daily indicator class indicator conversion formulas, monthly indicator daily indicator conversion formulas, quarterly indicator monthly indicator conversion formulas, annual indicator monthly indicator conversion formulas and reference indicator calculation formulas.
[0103] In the embodiment of the present application, indicator conversion is defined, and the indicator conversion formula uses the corresponding sub-level indicator as the "base" for accumulation or averaging.
[0104] For example, for an indicator with the standard code of 240001, the calculation formula for the shift indicator is: Get shift indicator data ("field data, @DATETIME, @SHIFTSYSTEM, @SHIFT, AVG"), the calculation formula for the daily indicator is: Get daily indicator data ("field data, @DATETIME, @DATETIME, AVG"), the calculation formula for the monthly indicator is: Convert monthly indicator to daily indicator ("240001, AVG"), and the calculation formula for the annual indicator is: Convert annual indicator to monthly indicator ("240001, AVG")
[0105] The reference indicator formula can only be referenced at the same level, for example: daily indicator reference indicator: daily indicator ("240001") / daily indicator ("240168")*M.
[0106] The system configuration calculation module obtains the real-time data of the production and operation environment of the thermal power plant through the unified interface platform of the SIS system, performs configuration calculation on the real-time data of the production and operation environment measurement points of the thermal power plant and various index data, obtains the real-time data and index data of various table measurement points with standard coding, and stores them in the Oracle database;
[0107] The standard coding of the real-time data of the measuring point includes the standard coding of the unique real-time data of the measuring point after the real-time data processing of the SIS system unified interface platform, so as to standardize the unique identification of the data participating in the index calculation; it is composed of Arabic numerals and letters, and refers to a part of the KKS (Kraftwerk-Kennzeichensystem, power plant identification system) coding, including the capital construction or transformation period, unit, system, subsystem, equipment, parameter type, and parameter specific standard coding;
[0108] It can be: the first digit of the standard code of the real-time data of the measuring point determines which phase of infrastructure or renovation it belongs to, the second and third digits determine which unit it belongs to, the fourth and fifth digits determine which system it belongs to, the sixth, seventh and eighth digits determine which subsystem it belongs to, the ninth, tenth, eleventh and twelfth digits determine which equipment it belongs to, the thirteenth and fourteenth digits determine which type of parameter it belongs to, and the remaining four digits are the standard code of the real-time data of the measuring point itself;
[0109] For example: Phase II infrastructure construction area, Phase II infrastructure construction #3, #4 units, boiler system number is 02, coal mill belongs to the combustion system, combustion system number is 003, coal mill equipment number is 0124, temperature parameter standard code is TT, parameter arrangement number is 322, data 230020030124TT0322, is the front shaft bearing temperature of the boiler coal mill of Phase II unit 3;
[0110] The system configuration calculation module includes various drag-and-drop application modules that encapsulate various mathematical calculation functions and chart query and value tools;
[0111] The drag-and-drop application module is used to configure calculation formulas and form new calculation formulas to complete different calculation tasks;
[0112] The chart query value acquisition tool uses a linear algorithm and a least squares algorithm to gradually approach the curve value acquisition method, and obtains reference standard values for participating index calculations that reflect the actual performance and energy consumption of the unit system or equipment from the unit commissioning or performance test curve or data table;
[0113] The system configuration calculation module is used for configuring the calculation formula. After forming a new calculation formula, a standard code is assigned to the calculation formula. The standard code of the calculation formula is used to uniquely identify the calculation formula for use when querying and calling the calculation formula.
[0114] For example, the standard code of the standard coal consumption index calculation formula is 200017. The formula calculation is called ("field data, @DATATIME, @DATETIME, $func"), and the reference is: ("field data, @DATATIME, @DATETIME, 200017")
[0115] For example, the data standard codes of two data settings are 230020030124TT0322 and 240020030124TT0322. In the configuration screen of the configuration module, the SUM function configuration calculation module is dragged, and the two data standard codes are input into the input end of the calculation module. The indicator standard code of the output end of the calculation module is set to 21TZ1JN110030001. It is determined that the indicator data is generated by the two unique measuring point real-time data (230020030124TT0322, 240020030124TT0322) generated by the preprocessing of the field real-time data. After the calculation module formed by the SUM function configuration, the calculation result, that is, the indicator data, is assigned the standard code 21TZ1JN110030001;
[0116] The chart query value-taking tool uses a linear algorithm and a least squares algorithm to gradually approach the curve value-taking method, and obtains reference standard values for participating index calculations that reflect the actual performance and energy consumption of the unit system or equipment from the unit commissioning or performance test curve or data table.
[0117] For example, the real-time data of the thermal power plant production and operation environment measurement obtained through the SIS system unified interface platform, including the steam temperature 1 (side A pipeline) (KKS code is 10LBA10CT101) in front of the main steam valve of unit 1, the steam temperature 2 (side A pipeline) (KKS code is 10LBA10CT102) in front of the main steam valve of unit 1, and the steam temperature 3 (side A pipeline) (KKS code is 10LBA10CT103) in front of the main steam valve of unit 1 are calculated by calling the function formula of the system configuration calculation module:
[0118] Drag the average calculation function configuration calculation module into the configuration editing screen, fill in the name and KKS code of the steam temperature before the three main steam valves of unit 1# (pipeline on the A side) at each input point of the calculation module input end, and fill in the unique measurement point name 1# unit main steam temperature (pipeline on the A side) at the output end (the standard code is 121302H0230LBA20BR001ZZ0011PFA01RAW00), which forms the unique standard code of the real-time data of the measurement point, that is, the real-time data of the steam temperature before the main steam valve of unit 1# (pipeline on the A side); the configuration calculation method of the real-time data of the main steam temperature (pipeline on the B side) of unit 1# is the same, and its standard code is 121302H0230LBA20BR001ZZ0011PFA01RAW01;
[0119] If the report needs to calculate the main steam temperature index of unit 1#, for simple calculations, the function formula can be directly called:
[0120] #1 unit main steam temperature = daily index real-time data (side A pipeline) ("121302H0230LBA20BR001ZZ0011PFA01RAW00, @DATETIME, @DATETIME, AVG") + daily index real-time data (side B pipeline) ("121302H0230LBA20BR001ZZ0011PFA01RAW01, @DATETIME, @DATETIME, AVG", #1 unit main steam temperature index standard code is 210278, A and B pipeline 1# unit main steam temperature measurement point real-time data standard code is 121302H0230LBA20BR001ZZ0011PFA01RAW00, 121302H0230LBA20BR001ZZ0011PFA01RAW01;
[0121] For complex performance calculations, you need to configure the indicator calculation formula and then call the formula.
[0122] For example, for the indicator 1# unit condensate subcooling, the real-time data of the measuring points involved in the calculation are first calculated by the system configuration calculation module configuration calculation formula:
[0123] For example: drag the average function module configuration calculation module into the configuration editing screen, fill in the name and KKS code of multiple real-time measurement data of the same detection parameter on site at each input point of the calculation module input end, and fill in the name and standard code of the unique measurement point real-time data of the parameter at the output end. In the same way, this forms the unique measurement point real-time data and standard code of multiple different parameters;
[0124] Then, the calculation formula module of the system configuration calculation module (the subcooling degree of condensate water of unit 1) is as follows:
[0125] Drag various mathematical functions into the configuration editing screen to form a subcooling index calculation formula module. Each input point of the formula module input end is filled with the unique real-time data and standard codes of multiple different parameters obtained above, and the output end is filled with the condensate subcooling of index 1# unit and the standard code (the standard code is 210355). This process forms the unique real-time data and standard code of the measuring point, the condensate subcooling index data and standard code of index #1 unit, and the standard code of the condensate subcooling index calculation formula module is manually entered as Per4_tsubCndW.
[0126] The subcooling degree of the main condenser of unit #1 = 0-real-time data of daily index ("Per4_tsubCndW,@DATETIME,@DATETIME,AVG"). The standard code of the subcooling degree index of the main condenser of unit #1 is 210355.
[0127] The data correction module is used to select the recalculated measuring points and indicators and the related measuring points and indicators, and select the reports related to the recalculated measuring points and indicators, specifically by querying the recalculated measuring points and indicators and their related measuring points and indicators and related reports, report generation status and generation time, and after selection, calling the indicator source configuration module or the manual input module to realize the data correction of the measuring points and indicators;
[0128] For example: according to the customer's requirements for the calculation of indicators in the report, the main steam temperature does not participate in the indicator calculation before the unit starts to carry 30% load. Then, according to the time period from the unit to the unit carrying 30% load, the main steam temperature value during this period should be excluded and the indicators related to the main steam temperature calculation should be recalculated;
[0129] For example: when the unit is running, a major turnaround failure suddenly occurs. If the indicators during the failure period need to be analyzed, the indicators within the failure period need to be recalculated;
[0130] For example, during the production process, if a network outage or other fault occurs and affects the accuracy of indicator calculation, all abnormal data and various types of indicators can be recalculated and replaced based on the network outage period.
[0131] The data correction module records the correction log;
[0132] The correction log includes the name of the corrected measuring point and indicator and its related measuring points and indicators, indicator type, report name, report generation status and generation time, correction time, login account and maintainer name.
[0133] For example: the correction log includes: corrected indicator: main steam temperature of unit 1#, correction time 2020.3.1, recalculation time range: 2020.2.18 12:00-2020.2.18 17:32, login account: YYYYY, maintainer: XXX, related indicator names: boiler efficiency of unit 1#, steam consumption rate, power generation coal consumption, power supply coal consumption, turbine efficiency, heat-to-electricity ratio, power generation standard coal consumption, power supply standard coal consumption, related report names: comprehensive daily report of unit 1#, February comprehensive report, turbine daily report, indicator type is comprehensive daily report of unit 1#, turbine daily report indicator is daily indicator, and the indicator of February comprehensive report of unit 1# is monthly indicator;
[0134] For example, for indicator 240985, if the indicator calculation formula of this indicator is modified, all relevant ranges need to be recalculated; if the indicator value is replaced using the indicator source setting module, recalculation is also required.
[0135] The calculation scheduling module is used to schedule and manage the calculation methods of various types and levels of indicators in the system configuration calculation module according to the selection of the data correction module and the configuration requirements of the indicator source configuration module, automatically read the calculation formula of the indicator in the database and the data in the database for calculation, and write the calculation results into the Oracle database, so as to adapt to the requirements of data correction and adjustment calculation under the production and operation environment of the thermal power plant;
[0136] The indicator replacement source configuration module is used to recalculate the recalculated measuring points and indicators and the associated measuring points and indicators selected by the data correction module, as well as the reports related to the selected recalculated measuring points and indicators, and is specifically used to configure the recalculated measuring points and indicators, time range, report range and indicator type, whether to replace the data in the database before recalculation, whether to correct the formula, correction value and data standard value;
[0137] The recalculation configuration in the indicator replacement source configuration module includes recalculation validity configuration, input data status validity configuration, output data status validity configuration, unit operation status configuration, replacement validity configuration, correction formula validity configuration and manual entry validity configuration;
[0138] The recalculation validity configuration is a flag for whether to perform recalculation, which is divided into recalculation valid and recalculation invalid;
[0139] The input data status validity configuration is a flag indicating whether the input data is valid during recalculation, which is divided into valid input data and invalid input data;
[0140] The output data status validity configuration is a flag indicating whether the output data is valid during recalculation, which is divided into output data valid and output data invalid;
[0141] The unit operation status is configured as a sign of the unit operation status within a selected time range, which is divided into shutdown, startup, operation and debugging;
[0142] The replacement validity configuration is a flag for whether to replace the data value before recalculation in the database, which is divided into replacement validity and replacement invalid;
[0143] The validity configuration of the correction formula is a flag indicating whether to modify and recalculate the calculation formula of the measuring point or index and the associated measuring point or index, which is divided into the correction formula being valid and the correction formula being invalid;
[0144] The manual entry validity configuration is a flag indicating whether the manual entry is valid, which is divided into manual entry valid and manual entry invalid.
[0145] The recalculated measuring points and indicators are those that affect the calculation accuracy of indicators during the actual production and operation process or obtained through the SIS system unified interface platform and have been written into the database.
[0146] For example, due to maintenance failure or shutdown restriction, the main steam temperature measurement point of the on-site 1# unit has incorrect statistics or does not meet business requirements, and needs to be recalculated. The data correction module queries and lists all level indicators related to the main steam temperature according to the main steam temperature and standard code of the 1# unit: 1# unit boiler efficiency, steam consumption rate, power generation coal consumption, power supply coal consumption, steam turbine efficiency, thermal power ratio, power generation standard coal consumption, power supply standard coal consumption. The names of the reports where these indicators are located are: 1# unit comprehensive daily report, February monthly comprehensive report, steam turbine daily report and the report generation status and generation time of the current report. Then start to configure the recalculation strategy, select to recalculate the above indicators, select to correct the above report range, and the indicator source configuration module sets the recalculation of the main steam temperature of the 1# unit to be valid, the input data status to be invalid, the output data status to be valid, the correction calculation formula to be invalid, the unit operation status to be shutdown, the replacement validity configuration to be replaced and the manual entry validity configuration to be manually entered. The correction time range is determined according to the failure time of the 1# unit and the report generation time (2020.2.18 12:00-2020.2.18 17:32), determine the indicator type (the comprehensive daily report of unit 1# and the daily report indicator of steam turbine are daily indicators, and the comprehensive report indicator of unit 1# in February is a monthly indicator), and manually input the correction data of the main steam temperature of unit 1#. After confirmation, call the calculation and scheduling module to eliminate, calculate and write data;
[0147] The indicator alternative source configuration module automatically records the alternative source log;
[0148] The replacement source log includes recalculated measuring points and indicators, report data and replacement status, recalculated measuring points and indicators, report data before and after replacement, recalculated indicator type and time range, correction value, corrected calculation formula and selected or entered standard data, login account and maintainer.
[0149] For example: According to customer requirements, the fuel calorific value test data cannot be obtained on the same day, but the provincial company requires that the daily production report must be reported on the same day, so the indicator calculation of the daily report on the same day uses the previous fuel calorific value test data. Therefore, the customer requires: "When the fuel calorific value test data of the day is obtained, the previous fuel calorific value test data must be immediately replaced to recalculate all relevant indicators." The data correction module queries and lists all level indicators related to the fuel calorific value test indicators according to the fuel calorific value test indicators and standard codes, the names of the reports where these indicators are located, and the current report generation status and generation time, and then starts to configure the recalculation strategy, selects the indicators to be recalculated, selects the scope of the report to be corrected, and the indicator replacement source configuration module sets the recalculation validity configuration of the fuel calorific value test indicators to valid, the input data status to invalid, the output data status to valid, the unit operation status to start, and the replacement The replacement validity configuration is set to replacement validity, the correction formula validity configuration is set to invalid, and the manual entry validity configuration is set to valid. According to the completion time of the fuel calorific value test and the report generation time, the correction time range is determined to be between the report generation time and the fuel calorific value data issuance time, and the type of replacement indicator in the report is determined. The manual entry module enters the fuel calorific value test data, and after confirmation, the calculation scheduling module is called to delete, calculate and write data; the name of the corrected fuel calorific value test indicator and its related indicators, indicator type, report name, report generation status and generation time, correction time, login account and maintainer name are automatically recorded in the correction log, and the fuel calorific value test data before and after replacement, all levels of indicator data related to the fuel calorific value test indicator, the name and indicator type of the report where these indicators are located, the fuel calorific value test completion time, report generation time, login account and maintainer are automatically recorded in the replacement source log.
[0150] The manual input module is used to manually input the correct data and formulas that need to be corrected and replaced by the data correction module and the indicator source configuration module;
[0151] For example: due to the startup restriction of the on-site main steam temperature measurement point, the main steam temperature index data statistics do not meet the requirements of business statistical analysis and need to be recalculated. The data correction module selects the main steam temperature index, all indicators related to the main steam temperature index, and the name of the report where these indicators are located, the current report generation status, and the generation time, and then configures the recalculation strategy, selects and corrects all main steam temperature related indicators and reports, and confirms the indicator replacement source configuration module. The main steam temperature of unit 1 is set to recalculate effectively, the input data status is set to invalid, the output data status is set to valid, the correction calculation formula is set to invalid, the unit operation status is set to startup, the replacement validity configuration is set to replacement valid, and the manual entry validity configuration is set to manual entry valid. Query the DCS system to determine the start time and arrival time settings of unit 1 from startup to 30% load. Correct the time range, determine the type of replacement indicator in the selected report, manually input the correction data of the main steam temperature of unit 1#, and manually input the main steam temperature of unit 1# in this time period as 0. After confirmation, the calculation and scheduling module recalculates and writes the result data into the database. The name, indicator type, report name, report generation status and generation time, correction time, login account and maintenance person name of the corrected main steam temperature indicator of unit 1# and its related indicators are automatically recorded in the correction log. The main steam temperature data of unit 1# before and after replacement, all level indicator data related to the main steam temperature indicator of unit 1#, the name and indicator type of the report where these indicators are located, the start time and arrival time of unit 1# from startup to 30% load, the generation time of related reports, the login account and maintenance person are automatically recorded in the replacement source log.
[0152] The indicator tracking module includes an indicator calculation hierarchical association diagram module, a query associated indicator and data module, an indicator over-limit alarm module and a hierarchical comparison module of cascade indicators at all levels, which is conducive to tracing and locating the production and operation problems of abnormal indicators step by step;
[0153] The indicator calculation level association diagram module is used to graphically display the cascade levels and relationships of indicator calculations at all levels and their data;
[0154] The query related indicators and data module is used to query the actual calculation formula of the indicator and the names, indicator standard codes, data, and calculation formulas of other indicators involved in the calculation in the formula according to the indicator standard code and type;
[0155] The indicator over-limit alarm module is used for displaying the color of the over-limit indicator;
[0156] The hierarchical comparison module of cascading indicators at each level is used to compare indicators at the same level by dragging and dropping to form a comparison graph, so as to locate the source of production and operation problems.
[0157] The cascade indicator levels are displayed recursively. After dragging, the indicators must be compared at the same level. For example, indicators 240079 are compared with 230079. 240079 is obtained from 240032 and 240017, and 230079 is obtained from 230032 and 230017. When comparing, 230032 needs to be compared with 240032, and 2300172 needs to be compared with 240017.
[0158] This application can improve the accuracy and precision of indicators of real-time measurement and laboratory data calculation in actual business systems that change due to complex factors such as time adjustment, test time, equipment defects, system failures, scheduling management, equipment adjustment, metering equipment installation location, medium leakage, corrosion, load state changes, business adjustments, etc., improve efficiency, reduce labor costs, ensure the authenticity and reliability of production and operation indicators and the traceability of abnormal indicators, quickly discover abnormal indicators, and improve the timeliness of production and operation indicator analysis and the economic benefits of power plants.
[0159] The applicant of the present invention has made a detailed explanation and description of the implementation examples of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the specification. However, those skilled in the art should understand that the above implementation examples are only preferred implementation schemes of the present invention, and the detailed description is only to help readers better understand the spirit of the present invention, but not to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. On the contrary, any improvements or modifications based on the inventive spirit of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A report management system for production and operation environment indicators of a thermal power plant, the system comprising a database, a system configuration calculation module, a data correction module, an indicator tracking module, an indicator source configuration module, a calculation scheduling module and a manual input module, characterized in that: The database is a relational database used to store the real-time data of the thermal power plant production and operation environment, the real-time data of the measuring points after being calculated and processed by the system configuration calculation module, the index data for reporting, the standard data table for calculation reference, the historical data of the unit commissioning, and various calculation formulas and basic mathematical function formulas after configuration; The grouping of the indicators includes boiler, steam turbine, chemical, electrical, heat network, coal transportation, fuel, ash removal, environmental protection, desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal; The calculation formulas of the indicators include calculation formulas for system and equipment performance indicators, calculation formulas for heat indicators, calculation formulas for flow and pressure correction, calculation formulas for electric energy metering indicators, empirical formulas, calculation formulas for consumption difference indicators, calculation formulas for statistical indicators, calculation formulas for performance debugging tests, calculation formulas for energy saving, calculation formulas for environmental protection indicators, calculation formulas for business indicators, calculation formulas for chemical analysis indicators, and calculation formulas for fuel metering; The system configuration calculation module is used to perform configuration calculation on the real-time data and various index data of the production and operation environment of the thermal power plant, obtain the real-time data of various table measurement points and various index data with standard codes, and store them in the database; it is used for the configuration of the calculation formula, and after forming a new calculation formula, a standard code is assigned to the calculation formula. The calculation formula standard code is used to uniquely identify the calculation formula for use when querying and calling the calculation formula; The system configuration calculation module includes various drag-and-drop application modules that encapsulate various mathematical calculation functions and chart query and value tools; The drag-and-drop application module is used to configure calculation formulas and form new calculation formulas to complete different calculation tasks; The chart query value acquisition tool uses a linear algorithm and a least squares algorithm to gradually approach the curve value acquisition method, and obtains reference standard values for participating index calculations that reflect the actual performance and energy consumption of the unit system or equipment from the curve or data table of the unit commissioning or performance test; The data correction module is used to select the recalculated measuring points and indicators and the related measuring points and indicators, and select the reports related to the recalculated measuring points and indicators; The indicator tracking module is used to query and display indicators and related information; The indicator source configuration module is used to recalculate and configure the recalculated measuring points and indicators and the associated measuring points and indicators selected by the data correction module, as well as the reports related to the selected recalculated measuring points and indicators; The calculation scheduling module is used to schedule and manage the calculation methods of various types and levels of indicators in the system configuration calculation module according to the selection of the data correction module and the configuration requirements of the indicator source configuration module, automatically read the calculation formula of the indicator in the database and the data in the database for calculation, and write the calculation results into the database, so as to adapt to the requirements of data correction and adjustment calculation under the production and operation environment of the thermal power plant; The manual input module is used to manually input the correct data and formulas that need to be corrected and replaced by the data correction module and the indicator source replacement configuration module.
2. The report management system for production and operation environment indicators of a thermal power plant according to claim 1 is characterized by: The database is an Oracle database.
3. The report management system for production and operation environment indicators of a thermal power plant according to claim 1 is characterized by: The calculation formula of the indicator is composed of indicator grouping, indicator standard coding, indicator type and specific calculation formula; The indicator standard code is the only identifier of the indicator; The indicator types are divided into hourly indicators, shift indicators, daily indicators, monthly indicators and annual indicators.
4. The report management system for production and operation environment indicators of a thermal power plant according to claim 3 is characterized by: The calculation formula of the indicator also includes a cumulative indicator calculation formula, a class indicator calculation formula, a daily indicator calculation formula, a class indicator table code conversion formula, a daily indicator table code conversion formula, a daily indicator class indicator conversion formula, a monthly indicator daily indicator conversion formula, a quarterly indicator monthly indicator conversion formula, an annual indicator monthly indicator conversion formula and a reference indicator calculation formula, which are respectively used to realize the calculation of cumulative indicators, class indicators, daily indicators, class indicator table code conversion formula, daily indicator table code conversion formula, daily indicator class indicator conversion formula, monthly indicator daily indicator conversion formula, quarterly indicator monthly indicator conversion formula, annual indicator monthly indicator conversion formula and reference indicator calculation formula; The calculation formulas for the system and equipment performance indicators are used to calculate the performance, efficiency and output indicators of computer groups and equipment; The calculation formula of the heat index is used to calculate the heat energy loss, thermal efficiency and thermal balance index of the computer group; The flow and pressure correction calculation formula is used to correct the calculation of flow and pressure data output by the on-site pipeline steam, water flow, and steam pressure measurement unit at different temperatures and pressures; The electric energy metering index calculation formula is used to calculate the power generation, unit consumption and power supply indicators; The empirical formula is used for empirical calculation of data that cannot meet the sampling and measurement difficulties; The consumption difference index calculation formula is used to calculate the unit consumption difference; The statistical indicator calculation formula is used to calculate indicators related to statistical time; The calculation formula for performance debugging test is used for annual or periodic performance debugging and special calculation for experiments of the unit; The energy-saving calculation formula is used for the calculation of the energy-saving index analysis of the unit; The environmental index calculation formula is used to calculate the content of particulate matter, SO2, NOX and CO in the flue gas of the unit; The operating index calculation formula is used to calculate the operating cost indexes such as fuel cost, heating cost and power generation cost; The chemical analysis index calculation formula is used to calculate the relevant indicators of slag, steam, water quality, ash content and volatile matter; The fuel metering calculation formula is used to calculate the amount of coal entering the port, the amount of coal measured on the track, the amount of lime slurry, the amount of coal in the coal yard and the amount of coal entering the furnace.
5. The report management system for production and operation environment indicators of a thermal power plant according to claim 1 is characterized by: The system configuration calculation module obtains real-time data of the production and operation environment of the thermal power plant through the SIS system unified interface platform.
6. The report management system for production and operation environment indicators of a thermal power plant according to claim 1 is characterized by: The data correction module is used to select the recalculated measuring points and indicators and the related measuring points and indicators, select the recalculated measuring points and indicator related reports, call the indicator source configuration module or the manual input module, and realize the data correction of the measuring points and indicators; The data correction module records the correction log; The correction log includes the name of the corrected measuring point and indicator and its related measuring points and indicators, indicator type, report name, report generation status and generation time, correction time, login account and maintainer name.
7. The report management system for production and operation environment indicators of a thermal power plant according to claim 1 is characterized by: The indicator tracking module includes an indicator calculation hierarchical association diagram module, a query associated indicator and data module, an indicator over-limit alarm module and a hierarchical comparison module of cascade indicators at all levels, which is conducive to tracing and locating the production and operation problems of abnormal indicators step by step; The indicator calculation level association diagram module is used to graphically display the cascade levels and relationships of indicator calculations at all levels and their data; The query related indicators and data module is used to query the actual calculation formula of the indicator and the names, indicator standard codes, data, and calculation formulas of other indicators involved in the calculation in the formula according to the indicator standard code and type; The indicator over-limit alarm module is used for displaying the color of the over-limit indicator; The hierarchical comparison module of cascading indicators at each level is used to compare indicators at the same level by dragging and dropping to form a comparison graph, so as to locate the source of production and operation problems.
8. The report management system for production and operation environment indicators of a thermal power plant according to claim 1 is characterized by: The indicator replacement source configuration module is used to recalculate the recalculated measuring points and indicators and the associated measuring points and indicators selected by the data correction module, as well as the reports related to the selected recalculated measuring points and indicators, specifically for the configuration of the recalculated measuring points and indicators, the time range, the report range and the indicator type, whether to replace the data in the database before recalculation, whether to correct the formula, the correction value and the data standard value; The indicator alternative source configuration module automatically records the alternative source log; The replacement source log includes recalculated measuring points and indicators, report data and replacement status, recalculated measuring points and indicators, report data before and after replacement, recalculated indicator type and time range, correction value, corrected calculation formula and selected or entered standard data, login account and maintainer.
9. A report management system for production and operation environment indicators of a thermal power plant according to claim 8, characterized in that: The recalculation configuration in the indicator replacement source configuration module includes recalculation validity configuration, input data status validity configuration, output data status validity configuration, unit operation status configuration, replacement validity configuration, correction formula validity configuration and manual entry validity configuration; The recalculation validity configuration is a flag for whether to perform recalculation, which is divided into recalculation valid and recalculation invalid; The input data status validity configuration is a flag indicating whether the input data is valid during recalculation, which is divided into valid input data and invalid input data; The output data status validity configuration is a flag indicating whether the output data is valid during recalculation, which is divided into output data valid and output data invalid; The unit operation status is configured as a sign of the unit operation status within a selected time range, which is divided into shutdown, startup, operation and debugging; The replacement validity configuration is a flag for whether to replace the data value before recalculation in the database, which is divided into replacement validity and replacement invalid; The validity configuration of the correction formula is a flag indicating whether to modify and recalculate the calculation formula of the measuring point or index and the associated measuring point or index, which is divided into the correction formula being valid and the correction formula being invalid; The manual entry validity configuration is a flag indicating whether the manual entry is valid, which is divided into manual entry valid and manual entry invalid.
Citation Information
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