A multi-arc channel plasma torch

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-arc channel plasma torch, comprising a cylindrical anode cooling component, wherein an anode electrode with multiple arc channels is sleeved in the anode cooling component, one end of the anode electrode is supported and connected to an insulating tube, the insulating tube is located in the anode cooling component and forms an airflow channel with the anode cooling component, the inner wall of the insulating tube is sleeved to a cathode cooling component, the end of the cathode cooling component is connected to a cathode electrode facing each anode electrode arc channel position, the anode electrode is connected to an anode terminal, and multiple cathode electrodes are connected to the cathode terminal; multiple cathode electrodes are designed in the plasma torch, and corresponding anode electrodes with multiple arc channels are designed to form a multi-arc channel structure, and during operation, multiple arc channels simultaneously ignite arc discharge to generate plasma arcs; the plasma structure with multiple arc channels forms multiple high-temperature areas, thereby increasing the high-temperature area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of plasma torches, and in particular relates to a multi-arc channel plasma torch. Background Art

[0002] The existing thermal plasma torch generally uses a single arc channel to ignite the arc to generate plasma, that is, there is a cathode and an anode on the plasma torch, and there is a certain gap between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode. The cathode and anode with a potential difference ignite the arc discharge to generate plasma in the single arc channel, and then the high-density plasma is blown out by an external airflow to generate high temperature. This technology is widely used in cutting, welding, spraying, metallurgy, materials, chemical industry and waste treatment and other industrial fields.

[0003] In the actual application of the existing single arc channel plasma torch, to achieve high power, the current must be increased. Under the condition of high current and high power, the electrode (especially the cathode electrode) is easily ablated, which shortens the service life of the electrode and causes the plasma torch to fail to work properly. Therefore, the electrode needs to be replaced frequently, which is extremely inconvenient during use. At the same time, the area of ​​the plasma high temperature area generated by the single arc channel plasma torch is small. When a large area of ​​high temperature area is required in some fields, it is difficult to achieve uniform heating at the same time. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-arc channel plasma torch, which solves the problems in the single-channel thermal plasma torch technology that the electrode is easily ablated and needs to be frequently replaced, and the high-temperature zone formed is small in area.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is a multi-arc channel plasma torch, including a cylindrical anode cooling assembly, an anode electrode with multiple arc channels is sleeved in the anode cooling assembly, one end of the anode electrode is supported and connected to an insulating tube, the insulating tube is located in the anode cooling assembly, and forms an air flow channel with the anode cooling assembly, the inner wall of the insulating tube is sleeved with a cathode cooling assembly, and the end of the cathode cooling assembly is connected to a cathode electrode facing the position of each anode electrode arc channel, the anode electrode is connected to an anode terminal, and multiple cathode electrodes are connected to the cathode terminal.

[0006] The anode cooling assembly includes an outer cladding tube, in which an anode water outlet pipe and an anode water inlet pipe are coaxially sleeved in sequence, an anode water inlet channel is formed between the anode water outlet pipe and the anode water inlet pipe, an anode water outlet channel is formed between the outer cladding tube and the anode water outlet pipe, the anode water inlet channel is communicated with an end of the anode water outlet channel away from the water inlet, the inner wall of one end of the anode water inlet pipe is fixedly connected to an anode electrode with multiple arc channels, and the inner wall of the other end of the anode water inlet pipe and the insulating tube form an airflow channel.

[0007] The anode electrode is supported and connected to the insulating tube through a rigid supporting structure with swirl holes.

[0008] The cathode cooling assembly includes a cathode water inlet pipe nested in the inner wall of the insulating tube, a cathode water outlet pipe is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the cathode water inlet pipe, a cathode water outlet channel is formed between the cathode water inlet pipe and the cathode water outlet pipe, one end of the cathode water outlet pipe is connected to a cathode electrode at the position of each anode electrode arc channel, and the cathode water inlet pipe and the cathode water outlet channel are connected at the end close to the cathode electrode.

[0009] A plurality of cathode electrodes are connected to a multi-joint cathode conductive seat, and the multi-joint cathode conductive seat is connected to cathode terminals.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0011] The plasma torch is designed with multiple cathode electrodes, and correspondingly, anode electrodes with multiple arc channels are designed to form a multi-arc channel structure. During operation, multiple arc channels simultaneously ignite arc discharge to generate plasma arcs. Under the condition of constant voltage, due to the use of a multi-joint cathode conductive seat, it can be considered that multiple cathode electrodes are connected in parallel, and the current and power borne by a single cathode electrode are evenly divided, while the total power of the plasma torch remains unchanged. This structure can increase the service life of the electrode and reduce the frequency of replacing the electrode during the use of the torch. At the same time, the plasma structure with multiple arc channels forms multiple high-temperature areas, thereby increasing the high-temperature area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-section of an axonometric view of a multi-arc channel plasma torch of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the inner cross section of a multi-arc channel plasma torch of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of an anode electrode of a multi-arc channel plasma torch of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of an anode electrode and an anode assembly of a multi-arc channel plasma torch of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a cathode electrode and a cathode cooling assembly of a multi-arc channel plasma torch of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the cathode electrode of a multi-arc channel plasma torch and a multi-joint cathode conductive seat of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 7 It is a circuit schematic diagram of a multi-arc channel plasma torch of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 8It is a schematic diagram of cooling water flow direction of a multi-arc channel plasma torch of the present invention;

[0020] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the working gas flow direction of a multi-arc channel plasma torch of the present invention;

[0021] Fig.10 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of arc channels of a multi-arc channel plasma torch of the present invention;

[0022] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the hot zone of a single arc channel plasma torch structure;

[0023] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the hot zone of a multi-arc channel plasma torch structure of the present invention.

[0024] In the figure, 1. anode electrode, 2. anode cooling assembly, 3. insulating tube, 4. cathode cooling assembly, 5. cathode electrode, 6. anode terminal, 7. cathode terminal, 8. cathode water inlet pipe, 9. cathode water outlet pipe, 10. multi-joint cathode conductive seat, 11. anode water inlet pipe, 12. anode water outlet pipe, 13. outer cladding tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] The present invention provides a multi-arc channel plasma torch, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a cylindrical anode cooling assembly 2, in which an anode electrode 1 with multiple arc channels is sleeved. Figure 3 As shown, the anode cooling assembly 2 can cool the anode electrode 1, one end of the anode electrode 1 is supported and connected to the insulating tube 3 through a rigid supporting structure with a swirl hole, so that gas can circulate, the insulating tube 3 is located in the anode cooling assembly 2, and forms an air flow channel with the anode cooling assembly 2, the inner wall of the insulating tube 3 is sleeved with the cathode cooling assembly 4, the cathode cooling assembly 4 can cool the cathode, and the end of the cathode cooling assembly 4 is connected to a cathode electrode 5 facing the arc channel position of each anode electrode 1, each cathode electrode 5 forms plasma with the anode electrode 1 at the corresponding position in the arc channel, the anode electrode 1 is connected to an anode terminal 6, the anode electrode 1 is connected to the power supply through the anode terminal 6, and multiple cathode electrodes 5 are connected to cathode terminals 7, and the cathode electrodes 5 are connected to the power supply through the cathode terminals 7.

[0027] like Figure 4As shown, the anode cooling assembly 2 includes an outer cladding tube 13, in which the anode water outlet pipe 12 and the anode water inlet pipe 11 are coaxially sleeved in sequence, an anode water inlet channel is formed between the anode water outlet pipe 12 and the anode water inlet pipe 11, an anode water outlet channel is formed between the outer cladding tube 13 and the anode water outlet pipe 12, the anode water inlet channel is communicated with an end of the anode water outlet channel away from the water inlet, the inner wall of one end of the anode water inlet pipe 11 is fixedly connected to the anode electrode 1 with multiple arc channels, and the inner wall of the other end of the anode water inlet pipe 11 forms an airflow channel with the insulating tube 3.

[0028] like Figure 5 As shown, the cathode cooling assembly 4 includes a cathode water inlet pipe 8 nested in the inner wall of the insulating tube 3, and the cathode water outlet pipe 9 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the cathode water inlet pipe 8. A cathode water outlet channel is formed between the cathode water inlet pipe 8 and the cathode water outlet pipe 9. One end of the cathode water outlet pipe 9 is connected to a cathode electrode 5 at the arc channel position of each anode electrode 1, and the cathode water inlet pipe 8 is connected to the cathode water outlet channel at one end close to the cathode electrode 5.

[0029] like Figure 6 As shown, multiple cathode electrodes 5 are connected to a multi-joint cathode conductive seat 10, and the multi-joint cathode conductive seat 10 is connected to the cathode terminal 7, so that multiple cathode electrodes 5 can be connected in parallel. Figure 7 shown.

[0030] The use principle of a multi-arc channel plasma torch through a controller of the present invention is:

[0031] After the cathode terminal 7 and the anode terminal 6 are powered on, a plurality of anode electrodes 1 and corresponding cathode electrodes 5 form a parallel structure, and the equivalent circuit is as follows: Figure 7 shown.

[0032] After the cathode terminal 7 and the anode terminal 6 are connected to the power supply, cold water is continuously introduced into the cathode water inlet pipe 8 (the channel shown in ④), and discharged through the cathode water outlet channel (⑤ channel) to cool the cathode electrode 5. Cold water is introduced into the anode water inlet channel (② channel), and discharged through the anode water outlet channel (③ channel) to cool the anode electrode 1. The water flow direction is as follows: Figure 8 shown.

[0033] Airflow direction Fig. 9 As shown, the gas enters the air flow channel through the air inlet ① channel, and then generates swirl gas through the rigid support structure with swirl holes. After ionization by the anode electrode 1 and the cathode electrode 5, an arc is generated. After the gas passes through the arc channel, it is electrolyzed to generate high-energy plasma, and a plasma arc is ejected from the multi-arc channel, as shown in FIG. Fig.10 shown.

[0034] The power of a single arc channel plasma torch is P = UI. When the structure of the plasma torch is determined, the voltage U is a constant. To generate high power, the current needs to be increased. However, under high current conditions, a single electrode (especially the cathode electrode) is easily ablated, which shortens the service life of the cathode electrode and causes the plasma torch to not work properly. The cathode electrode needs to be replaced frequently, which is extremely inconvenient during use. At the same time, the area of ​​the high temperature area of ​​the plasma generated by the single arc channel plasma torch is small, such as Fig.11 As shown, it is difficult to achieve this goal when a large high-temperature area is required in some fields.

[0035] The multi-arc channel plasma torch structure of the present invention is provided by adding multiple arc channels to the anode electrode and correspondingly adding the same number of cathode electrodes, which are coaxially installed one by one. When the size of the multi-arc channel plasma torch of the present invention is determined, the voltage U is a constant value, and the input current I passes through the parallel circuit of n arc channels. The current of a single arc channel is The total power is Reference Figure 7 Circuit schematic diagram. Compared with a single arc channel plasma structure, under the same power demand, the cathode electrode of the multi-arc channel plasma torch structure of the present invention has the current and power equally divided, which increases the service life of the cathode electrode and solves the problem of frequent replacement of the cathode electrode due to burnout. At the same time, due to the presence of multiple arc channels, multiple high-temperature areas can be generated, such as Fig.12 As shown, the high temperature area is increased.

[0036] Through the above method, the present invention provides a multi-arc channel plasma torch, in which multiple cathode electrodes are designed, and correspondingly, anode electrodes with multiple arc channels are designed to form a multi-arc channel structure. During operation, multiple arc channels simultaneously ignite arc discharges to generate plasma arcs. In this structure, when the voltage remains unchanged, due to the use of a multi-joint cathode conductive seat, it can be considered that multiple cathode electrodes are connected in parallel, and the current and power borne by a single cathode electrode are evenly divided, while the total power of the plasma torch remains unchanged. This structure can increase the service life of the electrode and reduce the operating frequency of replacing the electrode during the use of the torch. At the same time, the plasma structure of the multi-arc channel forms multiple high-temperature areas, thereby increasing the high-temperature area.

Claims

1. A multi-arc channel plasma torch, characterized in that: The invention comprises a cylindrical anode cooling assembly (2), wherein an anode electrode (1) with multiple arc channels is sleeved in the anode cooling assembly (2), one end of the anode electrode (1) is supported and connected to an insulating tube (3), the insulating tube (3) is located in the anode cooling assembly (2) and forms an air flow channel with the anode cooling assembly (2), the inner wall of the insulating tube (3) is sleeved with a cathode cooling assembly (4), the end of the cathode cooling assembly (4) is connected to a cathode electrode (5) at a position facing the arc channel of each anode electrode (1), the anode electrode (1) is connected to an anode terminal (6), and multiple cathode electrodes (5) are connected to cathode terminals (7); The anode cooling assembly (2) comprises an outer cladding tube (13), wherein an anode water outlet pipe (12) and an anode water inlet pipe (11) are coaxially sleeved in sequence in the outer cladding tube (13), an anode water inlet channel is formed between the anode water outlet pipe (12) and the anode water inlet pipe (11), an anode water outlet channel is formed between the outer cladding tube (13) and the anode water outlet pipe (12), the anode water inlet channel is communicated with an end of the anode water outlet channel away from the water inlet, the inner wall of one end of the anode water inlet pipe (11) is fixedly connected to an anode electrode (1) having a plurality of arc channels, and the inner wall of the other end of the anode water inlet pipe (11) forms an airflow channel with the insulating tube (3); A plurality of cathode electrodes (5) are connected to a multi-joint cathode conductive seat (10), and the multi-joint cathode conductive seat (10) is connected to a cathode terminal post (7); The anode electrode (1) is supported and connected to the insulating tube (3) through a rigid support structure with a swirl hole; The cathode cooling assembly (4) comprises a cathode water inlet pipe (8) nested in the inner wall of the insulating tube (3); the cathode water inlet pipe (8) is coaxially sleeved with a cathode water outlet pipe (9); a cathode water outlet channel is formed between the cathode water inlet pipe (8) and the cathode water outlet pipe (9); one end of the cathode water outlet pipe (9) is connected to a cathode electrode (5) at the position of the arc channel of each anode electrode (1); and the cathode water inlet pipe (8) and the cathode water outlet channel are connected at one end close to the cathode electrode (5).

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