108 results about "Electrochemical degradation" patented technology

The invention provides methods and compounds for detecting protease activity in a sample solution comprising contacting the sample solution with a protease substrate labelled with an electrochemically active marker, providing conditions under which any protease which may be present in the sample may degrade the protease substrate and electrochemically determining information relating to the electrochemically active marker.

The invention relates to a method for reducing electrochemical degradation of a proton exchange membrane. According to the method, a free radical quenching agent is added into the proton exchange to prepare an organic / inorganic composite proton exchange membrane, and the electrochemical stability of the membrane is improved on the premise that high conductivity of the proton exchange membrane is ensured. The composite membrane shows relatively good stability in a fuel cell and a polymer electrolyte hydrolysis tank.

The invention relates to an EPDM (ethylene-propylene-diene monomer) composition and a hose, wherein the composition comprises the following components: ethylene-propylene-diene monomer, fast extruding furnace black, Sillitin powder, paraffin oil, magnesium oxide, poly(1,2-dihydro-2,2,4-trimethyl-quinoline), polyethylene glycol, 1,3-bis(tert-Butylperoxy-isopropyl)benzene, and triallyl isocyanurate. The EPDM composition can be used for preparing a hose which has the advantages of excellent high-temperature resistance, electrochemical corrosion resistance and sufficient physical properties, wherein the high-temperature resistance of the prepared hose is shown as follows: the elongation of the hose is minus 7.9 percent after being subjected to thermal aging for 94 hours at the temperature of 170 DEG C, and the permanent deformation rate of the hose is 60 percent after being compressed for 22 hours at the temperature of 120 DEG C; and the electrochemical corrosion resistance of the hose is shown as follows: the volume resistivity is 1*1012 ohm.cm, and the hose has no crack after being subjected to electrochemical degradation for 504 hours at the temperature of 115 DEG C and at a voltage of 12V.

The invention relates to a microwave electro-Fenton method for processing organic wastewater and a device thereof. Under the action of microwave, a boron-doped diamond film electrode is used as an anode material for electrochemical degradation processing, and organic pollutant containing wastewater is processed efficiently by an electrochemical method. According to the invention, the boron-doped diamond film electrode is utilized to continuously generate hydroxyl radical with strong oxidation capacity in a wastewater system containing divalent iron ions, and in-situ activation of the boron-doped diamond film electrode is carried out by means of thermal effect and non-thermal effect of microwave so as to increase activity of the electrode and promote mass transfer process during the degradation process of organic pollutants. Therefore, the oxidation capacity of the electro-Fenton reaction is enhanced, and mineralization reaction rate is effectively accelerated. In comparison with traditional Fenton and electro-Fenton methods, the processing effect of the microwave electro-Fenton method provided by the invention is effectively enhanced. The method provided by the invention is simple to operate, has a good effect of processing organic wastewater, and has a wide application prospect as well as development potential.

The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for repairing polluted soil and underwater by cooperation of in-situ electricity and electrochemistry. In the method, a mono-metal or double-metal electrode having a nano-scale surface or an air cathode having advanced pollutant oxidation function is formed for reducing and degrading organic pollutants, then the formed electrode is used as a cathode in the electric repairing apparatus; a direct-current electric field is applied to a medium to migrate the organic pollutants in the medium to the cathode, thus achieving cooperation of electric field driven pollutant migration and in-situ electrode electrochemical degradation. The method avoids complex engineering problems, such as secondary treatment after extraction of a cathode solution, extra addition of a redox agent, arrangement of PRB and the like, during a conventional electric repairing process, and can significantly reduce engineering work load and repairing cost in the electricrepairing. The invention provides the in-situ repairing method for the polluted soil and underwater, which is simple in preparation, is low in cost and has high-effective cooperation.

The invention provides a method for preparing 2, 6-ditertiary butyl-4-methylphenol by electrochemically degrading lignin. According to the method, a Pb / PbO2 electrode is used as a work electrode, a Cu piece is used as an auxiliary electrode, and a standard saturated calomel electrode is used as a reference electrode to form an electrolytic tank so as to electrochemically degrade lignin. According to the method for degrading lignin by catalytic oxidation by means of electrochemical technique, the method is mild in reaction condition, environmentally friendly and higher in efficiency. The raw material lignin selected is a reproducible high polymer with a wide source, and the lignin is used as the raw material to prepare BHT (Butylated Hydroxytoluene), so that not only is sewage discharged by a paper mill treated, but also a certain economic value is obtained. The method for preparing BHT by electrochemically degrading lignin is simple in process, lower in cost and environment-friendly, and has good development prospect and industrial application value.

The invention relates to an iron-based copper high-efficient microelectrolytic material which contains a lot of nonuniform iron-copper microelectrode primary batteries and is formed by coating copper on cast iron granular carrier surfaces in a crystal grain form by a chemical conversion method. When organic sewage flows through a fixed bed reactor formed by the material, the reaction efficiency is controlled by the flow rate. With the material and the fixed bed reaction technology, the problem of low electrochemical degradation efficiency of organic pollutant macromolecules in sewage by common granular iron-carbon microelectrolytic materials and granular iron-copper microelectrolytic materials in current sewage treatment process is solved.

A fuel cell membrane and a method of making the same. The membrane includes at least one non-reinforced layer and at least one reinforced layer. Both layers include a proton-conductive ionomer, while the reinforced layer additionally includes nanofiber-supported catalyst that improve mechanical and chemical durability of the membrane. The nanofiber-supported catalyst is made up of structural fibers onto which an electrocatalyst is coated, deposited or otherwise formed. The structural nanofibers give increased strength and stiffness to the layers that include them, while the electrocatalyst helps to resist electrochemical degradation to the membranes that include them. Such a membrane may form the basis of a fuel cell's membrane electrode assembly.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a carbon nano tube electrode used for persistent organic matter electrolysis. The carbon nano tube arouses worldwide research interest owning to unique mechanical and electronic properties as well as chemical stability, the carbon nano tube can effectively promote electronic transmission of biological matters and environmental substances, and researchers pay an increasing attention to the relation between the electrochemical activity mechanism of the carbon nano tube and the morphological structure, the preparation method and the surface modification of the carbon nano tube in recent years. The carbon nano tube electrode is prepared by utilizing the advantages of the carbon nano tube, and different modifications are carried out on the carbon nano tube, thus the carbon nano tube can be applied to the degradation of different pollutants. The carbon nano tube electrode is prepared by regulating the ratio of the carbon nano tube to polytetrafluoroethylene to metal used for modification, the prepared electrode has the advantages of simple preparation process, high strength, long service life, good conductivity and the like, and the dechlorination rate can reach more than 85% after reaction occurs for a period of time when the electrode is applied to electrochemical degradation of triclosan-containing solution.

The invention provides an in-situ soil remediation system and method based on gas thermal desorption. The in-situ soil remediation system comprises a gas heating module, an electrochemical degradationmodule, a gas phase extraction module and an oxidizing agent injection module. The gas heating module comprises a heating well buried in the contaminated soil and a combustion device connected with the heating well; the electrochemical degradation module comprises an anode plate and a cathode plate which are buried in the polluted soil, and the anode plate and the cathode plate are respectively and externally connected with a positive electrode and a negative electrode of a power supply; the gas phase extraction module comprises an extraction pipe network buried in the contaminated soil and avacuum pump connected with the extraction pipe network; the oxidizing agent injection module comprises at least one spray pipe buried in the contaminated soil; and the spray pipe is externally connected with an oxidizing agent storage tank. An in-situ fuel gas thermal desorption technology is adopted, and a chemical oxidation method and an electrochemical method with physical action are combined,so that the aims of synergistically and efficiently removing various pollutants and repairing soil are fulfilled.

The present invention discloses an integrated reaction separation method for preparing chitosan oligosaccharide and its equipment. After the chitosan is degraded by electrochemical reaction, said invention adopts analog moving bed to implement integrated separation and extraction of chitosan oligosaccharide. Besides, said invention also provides the electrochemical degradation reaction condition and concrete steps of integrated separation and extraction of said analog moving bed.

The invention relates to a device and method of utilizing solar energy light-heat-electric coupling to treat acrylonitrile sewage. The device comprises a solar energy light-heat-electricity conversion system, wherein the solar energy light-heat-electricity conversion system comprises a photo-thermal unit, a photoelectric unit and an electrochemical unit; the photo-thermal unit comprises a focusing lens for adjusting the temperature of the electrochemical unit; the photoelectric unit adopts a photocell; the electrochemical unit adopts an electrolytic tank. The method comprises the following steps: 1) constructing the device for degrading polyacrylamide; 2) adjusting the photo-thermal unit and the photoelectric unit; 3) performing the electrolytic process in a diaphragm-free electrolytic cell, wherein the electrolytic process is completed according to the constant voltage of 3-10 V, the electrolyte of the electrolytic solution is 5-20 g / L of Na2SO4, the pH value of the electrolytic solution is 4-12, the temperature is 20 DEG C above, the polyacrylamide solution is gradually added into the electrolyte. The device and method disclosed by the invention are simple and practical, high in degradation rate, energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

The invention discloses a microorganism electrolytic tank and an organic matter oxidation and degradation synchronous CO2 methanation method. The microorganism electrolytic tank is characterized in that the anode and the cathode of the electrolytic tank are composite biological electrodes with a plurality of graphite felts in axial directions of carbon rod electrodes; an anode chamber is communicated with a cathode chamber through a pipeline with a proton transmembrane peristaltic pump; and the graphite felts are electrodes of three-dimensional structures made of a conductive high-polymer material. The organic matter oxidation and degradation synchronous CO2 methanation method comprises the following steps: preparing an electrolytic liquid and an anode chamber matrix, carrying out proton transmembrane transmission, and carrying out constant-potential electrochemical degradation. Compared with the prior art, the microorganism electrolytic tank is capable of intensifying adhesion growthof electric activity functional bacterial, forming biological membranes and conducing electrons, well solving the problem that proton H<+> transmission is inhibited because of PEM (Proton Exchange Membrane) pollution in the operation process of a reactor, avoiding low production efficiency of CH4 in the cathode chamber and increasing the transmission flux of proton H<+>, is beneficial to improvement of production efficiency of CH4, and has a wide application prospect.

The invention provides a preparation method of a TinO2n-1 porous electrode. The method comprises the following steps: mixing TiH2 and TiO2, carrying out ball milling, drying and screening, carrying out sintering, dropping polyvinyl alcohol so as to obtain a precursor mixture, adding the precursor mixture into foam nickel, carrying out pressurization so as to obtain a pressing blank, carrying out sintering, welding a lead on the surface of the foam nickel, sleeving the outer side of the lead by a polyvinyl alcohol tube, packaging a TinO2n-1 pre-finished product by using an epoxy resin, and after the epoxy resin is cured, carrying out flat polishing, so as to obtain the TinO2n-1 porous electrode. The invention further provides application, namely electrochemical degradation on organic matters in organic wastewater. By adopting the preparation method, TiH2 is adopted as a reducing agent of TiO2, TiH2 is capable of reducing temperatures required by reactions, Ti atoms and H atoms are decomposed by TiH2 to directly join in TiO2 reduction, and reaction processes can be simplified; and the TinO2n-1 pre-finished product is of a porous structure, is large in specific surface area, high in electrolysis rate and high in content of Ti4O7, and the TinO2n-1 porous electrode is high in oxygen evolution potential, good in electrochemical stability and high in organic matter removal rate in electrochemical degradation of organic matters in organic wastewater, can be repeatedly used, and is long in service life.

The invention discloses an aerobic-process-based wastewater treatment method using a modified graphene iron-carbon material. According to the situation that wastewater of a propylene oxide project ishigh in organic matter and salt content, the wastewater is treated by micro-ionization to achieve the purpose of preliminary electrochemical degradation of organic matter in wastewater and decrease ofthe COD value in wastewater. The modified graphene iron-carbon material is used, innumerable primary batteries are produced in equipment due to the potential difference produced by modified grapheneiron-carbon material, the reaction activity of the material is enhanced and meanwhile the problems of packing hardening and inactivation are solved. The technical scheme meets the requirement of national environmental protection, a pressure biological reaction device is used, the amount of degrading organic matter in wastewater is large, both temporary and permanent solutions are sought by one step, energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved, and no secondary pollution is caused.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a rod-shaped bimetallic-based composite anode material. The preparation method comprises carrying out surface activation treatment on a rod-shaped bimetallic base, preparing a conductive polyaniline membrane (PAN) interface layer on the rod-shaped bimetallic base by an impulse current method, and preparing micrometer particle WO3-doped PAN / PbO2-WO3 inert composite anode material by an anodic oxidation method. The rod-shaped bimetallic-based composite anode material has excellent electrocatalytic activity in electrochemical degradation of organic waste water, realizes thorough degradation of organic waste water, and has high corrosion resistance and a long service life.

The invention discloses a method for electrochemically degrading lignin in an eutecticevaporate solvent. The method comprises the steps that the lignin introduced with sulfonic acid groups is dissolved in the eutecticevaporate solvent, electrocatalytic oxydative degradation of the lignin is carried out in an electrolytic cell formed by three electrodes, and the lignin and the eutecticevaporate solvent in an electrolyte after reaction are recovered for cyclic utilization. The invention provides the method for degrading the lignin. The method has the advantages of being mild in conditions, high in electricity utilization rate, high in conversion rate and selectivity, capable of realizing cyclic utilization, environmentally friendly and capable of enabling the lignin to be degraded so as to obtain more useful and fine chemical products, and having good development prospect and industrial application value.

In a secondary cell, an increase in the number of discharges causes the cell electrode surface to be covered with a thin film of poorly conductive inactivated matter, and the thin film crystallizes over time. The crystallization cuts off the charging route of electrochemical degradation caused by the charging current, recharging does not renew the positive electrode and negative electrode, and the storage capacity deteriorates. There is a need for preventing and renewing the deterioration caused by this cycle life, and secondary cell complete charge termination and storage remainder information are important for the effective utilization of energy. Provided is a device for: renewing, by a thermomechanical effect generated by dielectric relaxation loss, an electrode insulator inactivation film based on charging and discharging, which are factors of deterioration of the storage capacity of a secondary cell; automatically seeking individual dielectric relaxation loss frequencies for typical secondary storage cells by an increase in a high-frequency dependent charging current; selectively analyzing insulating films; incidentally learning of the termination of charging of the storage cell by the disconnection and connection of the dielectric relaxation loss frequencies; and giving a storage amount, which is the state of charge of the current conductance of the dielectric relaxation loss frequencies.

Salt or acid solution is stored inside a frac sleeve instead of being pumped from a surface location. A mechanically-actuated valve releases the stored salt or acid solution into the borehole to electrochemically degrade the frac ball and allow it to pass through the seat. The stored fluid can be immediately released upon mechanical actuation or released after a specified delay using an integrated timer. In multiple sleeve applications a first ball shifts a first sleeve to open treatment ports and a second ball shifts a second sleeve to close the treatment port and open screened production ports while releasing the stored material either between the seated objects or above one of the seated objects to initiate the disintegration that will allow objects on both seats to disintegrate and pass through.

This invention provides a lithium-ion battery in which a coating film forming agent degradation reaction is prevented.A lithium-ion battery 100 in which electrodes 1 and 2 and an electrolyte are accommodated in a battery container 13, and which has a means of for adding a coating film forming agent 20 for adding a coating film forming agent 21 that forms a coating film on the surface of each of electrodes 1 and 2 to an electrolyte in a battery container 13 is provided. With the use of such means of adding a coating film forming agent 20, a reaction of electrochemical degradation of a coating film forming agent 21 is prevented, allowing long-term preservation. Also, with the addition of a coating film forming agent 21 to an electrolyte, a deteriorated coating film on the surface of each of electrodes 1 and 2 is repaired such that a lithium-ion battery 100 can be regenerated, resulting in extension of battery life.

The invention discloses an electrochemical degradation device in modularized serial connection. Grooves are respectively arranged on the side surfaces of end modules, N type A middle modules and (N-1) type B middle modules, lower and upper water pass small holes are respectively arranged on the two types of the middle modules, the grooves arranged on the end modules are communicated with a water inlet pipe, after the two types of middle modules are ranged at intervals, the end modules and end plates are arranged at both sides of the middle modules, then, screw rods and screw nuts are used for fastening, all modules are sequentially communicated through the lower water pass small holes or the upper water pass small holes, an electrode group with alternately ranged anodes and cathodes is respectively arranged in each module, the anodes and the cathodes are respectively and mutually connected in the same electrode group, the anodes in the end modules are connected with a positive electrode of a power supply, the cathodes in the type A middle modules next to the end plates are connected with a negative electrode of the power supply, and water discharge pipes are respectively arranged at the bottoms of the modules. The serial connection grade number of the electrochemical degradation device can be freely regulated according to requirements, and the modules in the same dimension are utilized and can be assembled into the degradation device with different treatment capabilities. The electrochemical degradation device can be used for the electrochemical degradation treatment on the industrial waste water.

The invention relates to a method for preparing dibutyl phthalate by electrochemically degrading lignin in a ferrous sulfate solution. In the method, an electrolytic cell is formed by using an M-doped Ti / M-alpha-beta-PBO2 titanium-based double-layer lead dioxide electrode as a work electrode, a Cu sheet electrode as an auxiliary electrode and a standard saturated calomel electrode as a reference electrode; and a circulating pump is connected with an extractor, so as to form an integrated process for electrochemical degrading lignin and extracting and separating degraded products continuously. Products generated during an electrolytic process can be extracted in time, thereby preventing the products from being further degraded into other substances. Besides, the method is mild in reaction conditions and relatively high in efficiency, is environment-friendly, and has good development prospects and industrial application values.

The invention discloses a method for treating radioactive organic waste liquid by means of an electrochemical degradation method. The method comprises the following steps that 1, a modified sodium alginate fibrous membrane is prepared; 2, the modified sodium alginate fibrous membrane is carbonized to obtain a composite carbon fiber material; 3, the composite carbon fiber material is added into a fixed bed flow reactor and reduced by hydrogen for 1 h to 3 h, the reduced composite carbon fiber material and dimethyl sulfoxide are mixed, subjected to ultrasonic treatment for 10 min to 30 min, baked to be pasty and coated on an electrode substrate, vacuum drying is conducted, tabletting is conducted through a tablet machine, and a composite electrode is obtained; 4, the radioactive organic waste liquid is added into an H-type electrolytic tank with an ion exchange membrane, the composite electrode serves as the positive electrode, Pt serves as the negative electrode, and electrolytic treatment is conducted on the radioactive organic waste liquid. The prepared electrode is used for treating the radioactive organic waste liquid and can effectively remove various organic matter in the radioactive waste liquid, the removal rate of the organic matter reaches 99% or above, and the comprehensive treatment effect is good.

The invention discloses an ultrasonic ozone coupled photoelectrocatalysis water treatment system and a water treatment method. The water treatment system comprises a liquid storage tank and a degradation tank; a particle filter plate is arranged at a water outlet of the liquid storage tank and the water outlet is connected to the degradation tank through a circulating pipeline, and the degradationtank comprises an electrochemical degradation module, an ultrasonic generation module, a photocatalytic degradation module and a gas control module; wherein the electrochemical degradation module iscomposed of a plurality of treatment units, any one treatment unit comprises an anode and a cathode, the anode is cylindrical or columned, the ultrasonic generation module comprises an ultrasonic emission head internally arranged in a hollow part of the anode, and the photocatalytic degradation module comprises a photocatalyst dispersed between the anode and the cathode; and the gas control modulecomprises a gas injection unit for injecting ozone into the degradation tank. According to the invention, efficient degradation of water is realized through cooperation of electrochemical catalysis,photocatalysis, ozone and ultrasound.

The invention discloses a method for preparing novel titanium-based PbO2 anode with low energy consumption and long service life by adding a nickel composite intermediate layer. Through performing cathodic electrodeposition on the surface of a titanium plate which is subjected to oil removal and acid etching pretreatment by adding particles with good conductivity and oxygen evolution catalytic activity, such as MnO2, Co3O4, into the nickel plating deposition solution to prepare the composite intermediate layer, then a beta-PbO2 active layer is electrodeposited on the nickel composite intermediate layer, and Ti / Ni-Co3O4(MnO2) / PbO2 titanium-based PbO2 coating anode is obtained. Due to the fact that the composite intermediate layer effectively prevents corrosive medium and active oxygen fromtransferring to the anodic titanium substrate to generate TiO2 to lead to anode failure reaction, good physical barrier and reaction oxygen barrier effects are achieved, and the service life of the anodic electrode is prolonged.; meanwhile, the high-conductive nickel composite intermediate layer helps to obviously reduce the cell voltage in the electrochemical degradation process and reduce the energy consumption.

The invention discloses a preparing method and application of a nickel matrix / nickel hydroxide composite electrode, and belongs to the technical field of electrochemical degradation of organic wastewater. The preparing method comprises the steps of firstly, putting a nickel matrix into a drying oven to be dried after the nickel matrix is cleaned, and then putting the dried nickel matrix into a reaction kettle; then adding a hydrogen peroxide solution into the reaction kettle, putting the reaction kettle into the drying oven for heat preservation, and cooling to the room temperature to take outa solid product in the reaction kettle; putting the solid product into the drying oven to be dried after the solid product is cleaned, and obtaining a nickel matrix / nickel hydroxide composite electrode material. The nickel matrix / nickel hydroxide composite electrode is applied to electrocatalysis-oxidative degradation of organic pollutants in water, is very low in energy consumption, has great advantages in the aspect of practical application, can be popularized to the field of electrochemical degradation of organic wastewater, and has a bright application prospect. It is put forward for thefirst time that the nickel matrix / nickel hydroxide composite electrode is applied to the field of electrochemical and oxidative degradation of the organic wastewater, and the aim of efficient and pollution-free treatment on the organic wastewater is achieved; the preparing method is easy to operate, efficient, high in repeatability and easy to synthesize on a large scale.

The invention provides a stacked recyclable microbial electrochemical reactor and a degradation method of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil, and belongs to the technical field of microbial electrochemical soil remediation. According to the stacked recyclable microbial electrochemical reactor provided by the invention, the influence range of an anode is increased through a stacked microbial electrochemical system, the movement of petroleum hydrocarbon molecules in polluted soil is accelerated through a water circulation system, and the mass transfer capacity of the soil is improved, so that the efficiency of microbial electrochemical degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon in the soil is improved from multiple angles. The invention further provides a degradation method of the petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil, and the degradation method is easy to operate and high in degradation efficiency of the petroleum hydrocarbon in the contaminated soil.

The invention discloses a completely bio-manipulated nitrophenol enhanced electrochemical degradation method. According to the invention, nitrophenol is first subjected to an anode microflora-catalyzed electrochemical reduction reaction, such that a reduced product aminophenol is produced; and a cathode microflora-catalyzed aminophenol subsequent electrochemical oxidation reaction is carried out in a battery anode chamber. With the above two-step reaction, nitrophenol substance biologically enhanced electrochemical degradation is realized. According to the invention, with the synergistic effect of cathode and anode microflora in a microbial fuel cell, with no additional electric power, nitrophenol pollutant low-cost and high-efficiency removal is realized. With the method, a novel approach of pollutant degradation under the synergistic effect of anode and cathode microflora in the microbial fuel cell is provided.

The invention discloses a reverse electrodialysis reactor, a wastewater treatment device and an application thereof. The ion exchanger comprises a cathode chamber, an anode chamber and two shells, thecathode chamber and the anode chamber are arranged between the shells, a plurality of ion exchange units are arranged between the anode chamber and the cathode chamber, and each ion exchange unit comprises a cation exchange membrane, a first plastic net-shaped gasket, an anion exchange membrane and a second plastic net-shaped gasket; a high-salt water channel and a low-salt water channel are formed in the ion exchange unit, water flow channels are formed in the first plastic net-shaped gasket and the second plastic net-shaped gasket, and the water flow channels are correspondingly communicated with the high-salt wastewater channel and the low-salt wastewater channel respectively; the lower part of the shell is provided with a low-salt wastewater inlet and a high-salt wastewater inlet, andthe upper part is provided with a high-salt wastewater outlet and a low-salt wastewater outlet; electric energy is generated by utilizing salinity gradient existing in the wastewater, and is appliedto electrochemical degradation of organic pollutants in the wastewater in combination with active chlorine indirect electrochemical oxidation of an electrode and an electro-Fenton mechanism of a cathode, so that organic matters in the wastewater can be removed without an external electric field.