Waste liquid treatment equipment

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of environmental protection equipment and discloses a waste liquid treatment equipment, including: a reactor, used to heat waste liquid to form water vapor and waste residue; a liquid inlet device, used to transport waste liquid into the reactor with equal volume for multiple times; a condensing device, used to cool the steam formed by the reactor to form clean water; a recovery metering device, used to meter and recover the condensing device; a controller, used to control the reactor, the liquid inlet device, the condensing device and the recovery metering device; the controller controls the number of liquid inlets in real time according to the number of drainage times through a PID algorithm, and the PID algorithm is:; wherein U(t) is the current required number of liquid inlets, E(t) is the deviation of the number of liquid inlets, Kp is the proportional coefficient, Ki is the integral coefficient, and Kd is the differential coefficient. Compared with the prior art, the present invention can improve the efficiency and equipment reliability of waste liquid treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of wastewater or sewage treatment, and in particular relates to a waste liquid treatment device. Background Art

[0002] Papermaking, textile, printing and dyeing, chemical, petroleum, electroplating, engraving, and lubrication industries produce wastewater during production and processing. Wastewater is the water used in the production process, which may contain suspended matter, sulfide, petroleum, cyanide, hexavalent chromium, lead, cadmium, etc. These waters contain toxic and harmful substances that need to be treated to separate the water and harmful substances.

[0003] The wastewater treatment process of existing wastewater treatment equipment includes the process of liquid feeding, boiling, distillation, and slag discharge. The wastewater treatment equipment must operate in a single batch. Single batch treatment means feeding N liters of wastewater in a batch, treating it, and waiting for the completion of this batch of treatment before feeding the next batch of liquid for cyclic treatment. In single batch operation, the efficiency of distillation in the latter part of boiling is low and there will be at least 6 minutes of slag discharge time during slag discharge. At the same time, the reactor cannot be heated and will cool naturally.

[0004] Existing wastewater treatment equipment has several shortcomings: 1. The treatment time of a single batch of wastewater is long, the efficiency of distillation drainage in the later stage of boiling is reduced, and the treatment efficiency is low. 2. During the slag discharge process, the reactor takes a long time to discharge slag, and in order to prevent the reactor from being continuously heated, the reactor will cool down. When it is restarted, it needs to be heated again, which wastes energy. When the next batch is entered, the heat source must be re-introduced into the reactor body, which will cause a heat transfer delay. 3. The reactor is frequently heated-cooled-heated-cooled, which affects the comprehensive mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and fatigue resistance of the reactor body welding. 4. Since it needs to be processed in batches, each batch requires operator intervention, and the frequent operation increases the labor burden. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention proposes a new type of wastewater treatment equipment, the purpose of which is to enable the reactor to have the following technical capabilities: 1. Drainage and inlet are carried out simultaneously to improve water treatment efficiency. 2. Reduce the number of slag discharges, reduce energy waste, reduce the process of repeated heating and cooling of the reactor, and extend the service life of the reactor. 3. Automatically adjust the liquid inlet according to the drainage, and control the liquid inlet in real time to keep the waste liquid evaporation area in the reactor as large as possible, and maintain the highest evaporation efficiency.

[0006] Specifically, the present invention provides a waste liquid treatment device, comprising:

[0007] A reactor, used to heat the waste liquid to form water vapor and waste residue;

[0008] A liquid inlet device, used for conveying waste liquid into the reactor in equal volumes multiple times;

[0009] A condensing device, used for cooling the steam generated by the reaction kettle to produce clean water;

[0010] A recovery metering device, used for metering and recovering the clean water produced by the condensing device;

[0011] The controller is used to control the reactor, the liquid inlet device, the condensation device and the recovery metering device; the controller controls the liquid inlet times in real time according to the drainage times through a PID algorithm, and the PID algorithm is: Among them, U(t) is the current required number of liquid injections, E(t) is the deviation of the number of liquid injections, Kp is the proportional coefficient, Ki is the integral coefficient, and Kd is the differential coefficient.

[0012] Preferably, the controller calculates the deviation of the liquid inflow times E(t) in real time according to the liquid inflow and drainage times as follows: E(t)=Vp / Vx-C1-C2+C3, wherein Vp is the optimal water volume of the reactor, Vx is the single liquid inflow volume of the liquid inflow device, C1 is the number of times the liquid inflow device delivers waste liquid to the reactor for the first time, C2 is the number of times the waste liquid is delivered during the operation of the reactor, and C3 is the number of drainage times of the recovery and metering device.

[0013] Preferably, the controller controls the liquid inlet capacity and the water discharge capacity of the liquid inlet device and the recovery metering device to be equal each time.

[0014] Preferably, when U(t) is greater than zero, the controller controls the liquid inlet device to feed liquid into the reactor U(t) times; when U(t) is less than or equal to zero, the liquid inlet device does not work, and the reactor continues to be heated.

[0015] Preferably, the recovery metering device comprises a vacuum pump, a recovery water metering tank and a recovery water pump, wherein the vacuum pump is used to pump the condensed water in the condensing device from the condensing device into the recovery water metering tank, and the recovery water pump is used to pump out the water in the recovery water metering tank.

[0016] Preferably, the capacity of the recycled water metering tank when full is equal to the waste liquid capacity delivered by the liquid inlet device to the reactor at one time.

[0017] Preferably, a water level sensor is provided in the recycled water metering tank, and the controller is connected to the water level sensor. When the controller detects through the water level sensor that the water in the recycled water metering tank is full, the controller starts the recycled water pump to drain the water in the recycled water metering tank and increases the drainage count once.

[0018] Preferably, the recovery metering device comprises a vacuum pump, a recovery water metering tank and a recovery water pump, wherein the vacuum pump is used to pump the condensed water in the condensing device from the condensing device into the recovery water metering tank, and the recovery water pump is used to pump out the water in the recovery water metering tank.

[0019] Preferably, the liquid inlet equipment comprises a vacuum pump, a liquid inlet metering tank and a liquid inlet pump, wherein the vacuum pump is used to pump water in the liquid inlet metering tank into the reactor, and the liquid inlet pump is used to pump waste liquid into the liquid inlet metering tank.

[0020] Preferably, a water level sensor is provided in the liquid inlet metering tank, and a controller is connected to the water level sensor. When the controller detects through the water level sensor that the liquid inlet metering tank is empty, the controller increases the liquid inlet count once and starts the liquid inlet pump to fill the liquid inlet metering tank.

[0021] Preferably, the reactor is connected to a condensing device, and the water vapor generated by the reactor enters the condensing device; the condensing device is connected to a vacuum pump through a pipeline, and the vacuum pump is connected to a recovery water metering tank of a recovery metering device through a pipeline; the reactor is provided with a residue outlet.

[0022] Preferably, the reactor comprises a heat source and a stirrer, wherein the heat source is used to heat the waste liquid, and the stirrer is used to stir the waste liquid.

[0023] Preferably, the condensing device comprises a collecting device connected to the reaction kettle for collecting water vapor generated in the reaction kettle.

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention has many technical advances: 1. The present invention can keep the distillation liquid level at a constant evaporation area when the sewage treatment equipment is in operation; 2. Centralized slag discharge can greatly reduce the number of slag discharges in a single batch, saving time; 3. The equipment can be maintained in the high-efficiency evaporation period for a long time, and the time efficiency is high; 4. The reactor body will not frequently heat-cool-heat-cool, and there is no heat transfer delay, so the comprehensive performance of the equipment can be maintained. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of wastewater treatment equipment.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of the liquid inlet equipment of the wastewater treatment equipment.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a flow chart for calculating the amount of liquid inlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to help those skilled in the art understand the subject matter of the present invention.

[0029] Reference Figure 1In the waste liquid treatment equipment 100 shown, generally speaking, the waste liquid raw water enters the reactor 108, is heated and boiled in the reactor 108, and the generated water vapor is collected and condensed into clean water by the condensation equipment 110, and finally discharged. The waste liquid treatment equipment 100 controls the reactor 108, the liquid inlet equipment, the condensation equipment 110, and the recovery and metering equipment through the controller to coordinate the operation to complete the waste water treatment process.

[0030] Reactor 108 is a closed heating device. It is provided with a liquid inlet and a reference residue discharge port 106. Reactor 108 includes a heat source and a stirrer 104, and the heat source is used to heat the waste liquid. The heat source of reactor 108 can be in the form of electric heating, fuel heating, etc. A typical heating scheme is that the bottom of reactor 108 includes an electric heating material, and the heat generated after power is turned on is conducted to reactor 108. A stirrer 104 is arranged in reactor 108, and the stirrer includes a central axis, and the central axis 105 is connected to the motor outside reactor 108. The central axis 105 is mirror-set with stirring paddles 107 of various shapes, and these stirring paddles 107 are hollowed out to prevent liquid from being carried during stirring. When reactor 108 is working, motor 116 drives central axis 105 and stirring paddle 107 to rotate. The purpose of stirring is to prevent the precipitation of precipitates and scaling after the waste liquid in reactor 108 is heated, and it can also accelerate the evaporation of waste liquid.

[0031] The liquid inlet device 200 is used to transport the waste liquid into the reactor 108 in equal volumes for multiple times. Optionally, in the present application, the liquid inlet device is a water pump 202. The controller of the waste liquid treatment device 100 is connected to the water pump, and controls the water pump to pump the waste liquid into the reactor 108 in batches, and the waste liquid volume pumped each time is the same. In order to control the same volume pumped each time, a metering pump can be selected for the water pump 202. At the same time, the amount of liquid inlet each time is kept the same as the water volume of the recovery tank.

[0032] Optionally, the liquid inlet equipment includes a water pump 202, a liquid inlet metering tank 206 and a liquid inlet pump 204, the water pump 202 is used to pump the waste liquid in the liquid inlet metering tank into the reactor 108, and the capacity of the liquid inlet metering tank 206 is equal to the capacity of the recovered water metering tank 118.

[0033] A water level sensor is provided in the liquid inlet metering tank 206, and the controller is connected to the water level sensor. When the controller detects through the water level sensor that the liquid inlet metering tank 206 is empty, the controller increases the liquid inlet count once and starts the liquid inlet pump 204 to fill the liquid inlet metering tank 206. The liquid inlet count is used to calculate the error times E(t) of the PID algorithm below.

[0034] The condensing device 110 is used to cool the steam generated by the reactor 108 to form clean water. The condensing device 110 includes a water vapor collecting device 114 connected to the reactor 108, and a filter 115 is arranged in the water vapor collecting device 114. The water vapor collecting device 114 is connected to the condenser of the condensing device 110 through a pipeline. A heat exchange device is arranged in the condenser 110. The heat exchange device is connected to a cooling water pipe and a drain pipe. The cooling water enters the heat exchange device from the cooling water pipe and flows out of the heat exchange device from the drain pipe. The water vapor generates condensed water under the action of the heat exchanger. The condensing device 110 is connected to the recovery metering device through a pipeline.

[0035] The recovery metering device is used to meter and recover the generated condensed water. The recovery metering device includes a vacuum pump 112, a recovery water metering tank 118 and a recovery water pump 120. The vacuum pump 112 is used to pump the condensed water in the condensing device 110 from the condensing device 110 into the recovery water metering tank 118, and the recovery water pump 120 is used to pump the water in the recovery water metering tank 118 out.

[0036] A water level sensor is provided in the recycled water metering tank 118, and the controller is connected to the water level sensor. When the controller detects through the water level sensor that the water in the recycled water metering tank 118 is full, the controller starts the recycled water pump 120 to drain the water in the recycled water metering tank 118 and increases the drainage count by one. The drainage count is used to calculate the error count E(t) of the PID algorithm below.

[0037] The controller is used to control the reactor 108, the liquid inlet device, the condensation device 110 and the recovery metering device; the controller can execute the automatic control program, and the controller can be a pre-programmed circuit, a PLC device, a dedicated circuit board, etc. The controller also provides a human-computer interaction module, which is used to provide an interface for operators to input parameters, control equipment operation, and view equipment operation parameters.

[0038] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of the controller controlling the operation of the equipment.

[0039] In process 304, the controller controls the liquid inlet device 300 to input the waste liquid into the reactor 108. During the operation of the device, process 304 is repeatedly executed. The number of liquid inlets required in process 304 is determined by the controller according to the number of liquid inlets and drains. The controller executes the liquid inlet control algorithm in process 304 to obtain the number of liquid inlets. The volume of each liquid inlet in process 304 is equal.

[0040] In the process of continuous distillation and heating of the reactor 108 in processes 306 and 310, the vacuum pump operates to continuously extract the clean water generated in the condensing device 110 into the recycling water metering tank during the distillation process. In process 312, the controller performs water collection metering, and the water collection metering process specifically includes: when the recycling water metering tank 118 is full, the return water pump 120 evacuates the water in the recycling water metering tank 118, and increases the count of the number of drainage times. In process 308, the controller maintains a drainage times counter C3, and the aforementioned increase is accumulated on C2.

[0041] In process 308, the controller calculates the water adding times U(t) according to the obtained initial water adding times C1, continuous water adding times C2, and drainage times C3; the present application uses PID algorithm to calculate U(t), and the calculation method of U(t) is: Among them, U(t) is the current required number of liquid injections, E(t) is the deviation of the number of liquid injections, Kp is the proportional coefficient, Ki is the integral coefficient, and Kd is the differential coefficient.

[0042] The controller calculates the deviation of the liquid inflow times E(t) in real time according to the liquid inflow and drainage times in real time by the algorithm: E(t)=Vp / Vx-C1-C2+C3, wherein Vp is the optimal water volume of the reactor 108, Vx is the single liquid inflow volume of the liquid inflow device, C1 is the number of times the liquid inflow device delivers waste liquid to the reactor 108 for the first time, C2 is the number of times the waste liquid is delivered during the operation of the reactor 108, and C3 is the number of drainage times of the recovery and metering device.

[0043] The shape of the reactor 108 determines that when the amount of water in the reactor 108 is the optimal amount of water, the liquid level is maintained at a height with the largest surface area. Therefore, through the above algorithm, the liquid level in the reactor 108 is always maintained at the maximum surface area, that is, the evaporation area of ​​the reactor 108 is the largest and the evaporation efficiency is the highest.

[0044] In the cyclic control process composed of processes 304, 306, 310, 312, and 308, the controller controls the number of liquid inflows U(t) in real time according to the number of drainages through the PID algorithm, wherein the parameter t is the interval period of the cyclic control process, and the parameters C1, C2, and C3 are obtained in each cycle of the cyclic process, and are brought into the above algorithm to calculate the value of E(t) after each cycle, and then the number of liquid inflows U(t) is calculated according to the value of E(t). And when the value of U(t) is judged to meet the conditions for re-inflow after calculation, the controller controls the liquid inflow device to input U(t) times of liquid into the reactor, and the controller executes step 304 at this time. The conditions for re-inflow can be set, for example, the operator can set a fixed value T when the system starts or is running, and when U(t) is greater than T, the controller controls the liquid inflow device to transport waste liquid into the reactor 108, and when U(t) is less than T, the reactor 108 continues to enter the boiling state 310.

[0045] Optionally, the preferred value of T is zero, that is, when U(t) is greater than zero, the controller controls the liquid inlet device to feed liquid into the reactor 108 U(t) times; when U(t) is less than or equal to zero, the liquid inlet device does not work, and the reactor 108 continues to be heated, and the controller executes step 306.

[0046] In process 308, a total liquid injection counter M is also maintained. The total liquid injection count is the sum of the initial liquid injection count C1 and the continuous liquid injection count C2. The total liquid injection counter is accumulated each time liquid is injected. When the total liquid injection count reaches a specific value, liquid injection is stopped.

[0047] In process 310, the controller also determines whether the slag discharge condition is met, for example, the liquid feeding condition is satisfied at the same time that the total number of liquid feedings reaches a certain value, and the slag discharge condition is met after a certain period of time after the liquid feeding is stopped. At this time, the controller believes that most of the water in the reactor 108 has evaporated.

[0048] In process 314, the controller controls the slag discharge port of the reactor 108 to open. At this time, the slag discharge has concentrated a large amount of harmful substances in the waste liquid. Compared with the traditional solution, the number of slag discharges is reduced, the single slag discharge volume is high, and the slag discharge time is saved. The equipment maintains efficient evaporation for a long time before slag discharge. At the same time, due to the small number of slag discharges, the reactor 108 will not frequently alternate between hot and cold, thus ensuring the comprehensive performance and durability of the equipment.

[0049] After the slag discharge is completed, the controller determines in process 316 whether the next water purification procedure is required. If required, the process returns to the process and repeats the entire process. If not, the process goes to the end step and the controller controls the entire system to shut down.

Claims

1. A waste liquid treatment device, characterized in that: include: A reactor, used to heat the waste liquid to form water vapor and waste residue; A liquid inlet device, used for conveying waste liquid into the reactor in equal volumes multiple times; A condensing device, used for cooling the steam generated by the reaction kettle to produce clean water; A recovery metering device, used for metering and recovering the clean water produced by the condensing device; A controller, used to control the reactor, liquid inlet equipment, condensation equipment and recovery metering equipment; The controller controls the number of liquid inflows in real time according to the number of drainages through a PID algorithm, and the PID algorithm is: Where U(t) is the current required number of liquid injections, E(t) is the deviation of the number of liquid injections, Kp is the proportional coefficient, Ki is the integral coefficient, and Kd is the differential coefficient; The controller calculates the deviation of the number of liquid inflows E(t) in real time according to the number of liquid inflows and drainages as follows: E(t)=Vp / Vx-C1-C2+C3, wherein Vp is the optimal water volume of the reactor, Vx is the single liquid inflow volume of the liquid inflow device, C1 is the number of times the liquid inflow device first delivers waste liquid to the reactor, C2 is the number of times the waste liquid is delivered during the working process of the reactor, and C3 is the number of drainages of the recovery metering device; Wherein, the controller controls the liquid inlet capacity and the drainage capacity of the liquid inlet device and the recovery metering device to be equal each time, and when the water volume in the reactor is the optimal water volume, the liquid level is maintained at the height with the largest surface area.

2. A waste liquid treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: When U(t) is greater than zero, the controller controls the liquid inlet device to feed liquid into the reactor U(t) times; when U(t) is less than or equal to zero, the liquid inlet device does not work, and the reactor continues to be heated.

3. A waste liquid treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The recovery metering device comprises a vacuum pump, a recovery water metering tank and a recovery water pump. The vacuum pump is used to pump the condensed water in the condensing device from the condensing device into the recovery water metering tank, and the recovery water pump is used to pump out the water in the recovery water metering tank.

4. A waste liquid treatment equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The capacity of the recycled water metering tank when full is equal to the waste liquid capacity delivered by the liquid inlet device to the reactor at one time.

5. A waste liquid treatment equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: A water level sensor is arranged in the recycling water metering tank, and a controller is connected to the water level sensor. When the controller detects through the water level sensor that the water in the metering water tank is full, the controller starts the recycling water pump to drain the water in the metering water tank and increases the drainage count once.

6. A waste liquid treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The recovery metering device comprises a vacuum pump, a recovery water metering tank and a recovery water pump. The vacuum pump is used to pump the condensed water in the condensing device from the condensing device into the recovery water metering tank, and the recovery water pump is used to pump out the water in the recovery water metering tank.

7. A waste liquid treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid inlet equipment comprises a vacuum pump, a liquid inlet metering tank and a liquid inlet pump. The vacuum pump is used to pump water in the liquid inlet metering tank into the reaction kettle, and the liquid inlet pump is used to pump waste liquid into the liquid inlet metering tank.

8. A waste liquid treatment equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: A water level sensor is arranged in the liquid inlet metering tank, and a controller is connected to the water level sensor. When the controller detects through the water level sensor that the liquid inlet metering tank is empty, the controller increases the liquid inlet count once and starts the liquid inlet pump to fill up the liquid inlet metering tank.

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