Metallic material mechanical testing device

Abstract

The application is suitable for the technical field of metal material detection, and provides a metal material mechanical testing device.The device comprises a bearing mechanism and a pressurizing mechanism.The bearing mechanism comprises a bearing table, a second support, a first support and a support plate.The support plate is slidingly arranged at both ends of the bearing table.The number of the support plates is two and they are symmetrically distributed.The support plates are used for supporting a test piece.One end of the support plate is connected with an auxiliary support mechanism away from one side of the first support.The device further comprises an adaptive positioning mechanism and a measuring assembly.The adaptive positioning mechanism is used for positioning a deformation position of the test piece.The measuring assembly is arranged on the auxiliary support mechanism and is used for measuring a moving distance of the adaptive positioning mechanism, so that deformation data of the test piece can be obtained immediately after the test.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of metal material testing, and in particular relates to a mechanical testing device for metal materials. Background Technology

[0002] Mechanical testing of metallic materials is typically conducted to determine whether components or mechanical parts can function properly under certain loads or mechanical transmission. Generally, it focuses on three main properties of metallic materials: strength, stiffness, and stability, which are sometimes collectively referred to as "strength requirements."

[0003] Currently, mechanical testing devices for metallic materials are quite mature. Most of them include a load-bearing mechanism, a fixing mechanism, a pressurizing mechanism, and an observation mechanism. The mechanical properties of the metallic material are obtained by placing the metallic material on the load-bearing mechanism, fixing it with the fixing mechanism, applying pressure with the pressurizing mechanism, and finally observing it with the observation mechanism.

[0004] However, the aforementioned devices are relatively expensive, making them unsuitable for small businesses and educational institutions in practical applications. Other mechanical testing devices for metal materials also have certain shortcomings, namely, the need for manual measurement of the metal material dimensions after testing, which introduces inaccuracies, and the inability to fix metal material test pieces of different sizes. Therefore, these issues need to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a mechanical testing device for metal materials, which aims to solve the problems of existing mechanical testing devices for metal materials requiring manual measurement of the dimensions of the metal materials after testing, which has certain inaccuracies, and the inability to fix metal material test pieces of different sizes.

[0006] The present invention is implemented as follows: a schematic diagram of a mechanical testing device for metallic materials, the device including a bearing mechanism and a pressurizing mechanism, the bearing mechanism including:

[0007] A support platform, wherein the support platform is provided with a through groove for the test piece to pass through;

[0008] The bracket is fixed to the support platform;

[0009] Support plates, slidably disposed at both ends of the support platform, two support plates in total and symmetrically distributed, one end of the support plate near the support platform extending into the through groove, the support plate being used to support the test piece; and

[0010] A drive mechanism is used to drive the support plate;

[0011] The device further includes:

[0012] An auxiliary support mechanism is fixed to one end of the support plate extending into the through groove and located away from the pressurizing mechanism.

[0013] An adaptive positioning mechanism, used for locating the deformation position of a test piece, includes telescopic components slidably disposed on two auxiliary support mechanisms, the telescopic components being used for guiding and positioning the adaptive positioning mechanism; and

[0014] A measuring component is disposed on the auxiliary support mechanism and is used to measure the travel distance of the adaptive positioning mechanism.

[0015] Preferably, the support includes:

[0016] A second bracket, fixed to one side of the support platform, is used to support the support platform; and

[0017] A first support is fixed to the side of the support platform away from the second support, and the first support is used to support the pressurization mechanism.

[0018] The pressurization mechanism includes:

[0019] A pressure head, used to apply pressure to the test piece;

[0020] A lifting component, mounted on the first bracket, connected to the pressure head and used to drive its lifting; and

[0021] A guide assembly is connected to the pressure head and the first bracket, and the guide assembly is used to guide the pressure head.

[0022] Preferably, the guide component includes:

[0023] A first connecting member, symmetrically fixed on both sides of the pressure head; and

[0024] The first sliding member is slidably disposed on the first bracket and is fixedly connected to the first connecting member.

[0025] Preferably, the adaptive positioning mechanism further includes:

[0026] A base, wherein an adsorption element for fixing the test specimen is provided on the base, and the base abuts against the test specimen; and

[0027] A positioning component is disposed on the auxiliary support mechanism and is used to position the base.

[0028] Preferably, the positioning component includes:

[0029] A fixing frame, which is fixed to the auxiliary support mechanism and located on the side of the base away from the first support; and

[0030] An elastic support assembly having elastic potential energy that allows it to expand and contract along the direction of movement of the base.

[0031] Preferably, the elastic support component includes:

[0032] A sliding sleeve, which is fixed to the fixed frame;

[0033] The slide rod is fixedly connected to the sliding sleeve; and

[0034] A buffer pad is fixed to the end of the slide rod away from the sliding sleeve.

[0035] An elastic element is fitted onto the slide rod at the position between the end face of the slide sleeve and the buffer pad.

[0036] Preferably, the telescopic component includes:

[0037] A slider, which is slidably connected to the base;

[0038] A second connector, nested within the base and fixedly connected to the slider, wherein the outer diameter of the second connector is smaller than that of the slider; and

[0039] The second sliding member is slidably disposed on the auxiliary support mechanism, and the second sliding member is fixedly connected to the second connecting member.

[0040] Preferably, the measuring component includes a scale segment, which is arranged on the auxiliary support mechanism along the moving direction of the adaptive positioning mechanism.

[0041] Preferably, the auxiliary support mechanism includes:

[0042] A support frame, wherein the support frame is perpendicularly distributed to and fixedly connected to the support plate; and

[0043] A sliding component is disposed between the end of the support frame away from the support plate and the first bracket, and the sliding component is used to assist the support frame in moving along the first bracket.

[0044] This invention provides a mechanical testing device for metallic materials. By setting up a support plate, a driving mechanism, an adaptive positioning mechanism, and a measuring component, the device applies pressure to the test piece through a pressurizing mechanism. The test piece deforms, thereby driving the adaptive positioning mechanism to move away from the pressurizing mechanism. During the movement of the adaptive positioning mechanism, the measuring component can accurately obtain the deformation data of the test piece, thus solving the problem of inaccurate data when measuring after the test is completed. Attached Figure Description

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a mechanical testing device for metallic materials provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A;

[0047] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B;

[0048] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point C;

[0049] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point D;

[0050] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a support frame in a mechanical testing device for metallic materials provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] In the attached diagram: 1. Second bracket; 2. Support platform; 3. First bracket; 4. Cylinder; 5. Pressure head; 6. First connecting piece; 7. First sliding piece; 8. Through groove; 9. Support plate; 10. Support frame; 11. Scale section; 12. Tip; 13. Roller; 14. Guide rail; 15. Test piece; 16. Base; 17. Adsorption component; 18. Slide groove; 19. Slider; 20. Second connecting piece; 21. Second sliding piece; 22. Buffer pad; 23. Slide rod; 24. Elastic component; 25. Sliding sleeve; 26. Fixing frame; 27. Third connecting piece; 28. Drive screw sleeve; 29. ​​Drive shaft; 30. Screw part; 31. Reinforcing plate; 32. Driven bevel gear; 33. Drive bevel gear; 34. Connecting shaft; 35. Drive motor; 36. First crossbar; 37. Second crossbar. Detailed Implementation

[0052] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0053] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0054] like Figure 1 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a mechanical testing device for metallic materials according to an embodiment of the present invention. The device includes a bearing mechanism and a pressurizing mechanism. The bearing mechanism includes:

[0055] The support platform 2 is provided with a through groove 8 for the test piece 15 to pass through;

[0056] A bracket, which is fixed to the support platform 2;

[0057] Support plate 9, slidably disposed at both ends of the support platform 2, with one end of the support plate 9 near the support platform 2 extending into the through groove 8, the support plate 9 being used to support the test piece 15; and

[0058] A drive mechanism is used to drive the support plate 9;

[0059] The device further includes:

[0060] An auxiliary support mechanism is fixed to the support plate 9, extends into the through groove, and is located away from the pressurizing mechanism.

[0061] An adaptive positioning mechanism is provided on the side of the test piece away from the first support 3. This adaptive positioning mechanism is used to locate the deformed position of the test piece 15. The adaptive positioning mechanism includes telescopic components movably mounted on the two auxiliary support mechanisms, which are used to guide and position the adaptive positioning mechanism.

[0062] A measuring component is disposed on the auxiliary support mechanism and is used to measure the travel distance of the adaptive positioning mechanism.

[0063] In this embodiment of the invention, the test piece 15 is pressurized by a pressurizing mechanism, causing the test piece 15 to deform and thus drive the adaptive positioning mechanism to move away from the pressurizing mechanism. During the movement of the adaptive positioning mechanism, the deformation data of the test piece 15 can be accurately obtained by the measuring component, thereby solving the problem of inaccurate data when measuring after testing. Furthermore, by setting two support plates 9, test pieces 15 with different widths, lengths, and areas can be tested, making the testing range wider and improving the testing range of the device.

[0064] Specifically, the stent described herein includes:

[0065] A second support 1 is fixed to one side of the support platform 2 and is used to support the support platform 2; and

[0066] The first support 3 is fixed to the side of the support platform 2 away from the second support 1, and the first support 3 is used to support the pressurization mechanism.

[0067] In one embodiment, the fixing mechanism can be... Figure 1 The fastening bolts shown, which thread through the test piece 15 and connect to the support plate 9, can also be other fasteners.

[0068] In one embodiment, the pressurizing mechanism includes:

[0069] Pressure head 5, the pressure head 5 being used to apply pressure to test piece 15;

[0070] A lifting component, mounted on the first bracket 3, connected to the pressure head 5 and used to drive its lifting; and

[0071] A guide assembly is connected to the pressure head 5 and the first bracket 3, and the guide assembly is used to guide the pressure head 5.

[0072] It should be stated that the lifting component can not only provide... Figure 1 The cylinder 4 shown can also be a hydraulic cylinder, as long as it has a certain lifting pressure; in addition, the pressurization mechanism is a commonly used structure in the prior art. In this case, it is only a preferred solution that can pressurize more stably and avoid the pressure direction from deviating.

[0073] Specifically, the guiding component includes:

[0074] First connecting member 6, symmetrically fixed to both sides of the pressure head 5; and

[0075] The first sliding member 7 is slidably disposed on the first bracket 3, and the first sliding member 7 is fixedly connected to the first connecting member 6.

[0076] Using the first bracket 3 as a reference and the first connector 6 and the first sliding member 7 as the connecting parts, the pressure head 5 is prevented from tilting in its movement direction, thus playing a guiding role. Here, the first connector 6 can be a connecting rod, and the first sliding member 7 can be a slide block. It only needs to meet the practical function.

[0077] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the adaptive positioning mechanism further includes:

[0078] Base 16, wherein the base 16 is provided with an adsorption member 17 for fixing the test piece, the base 16 abutting against the test piece; and

[0079] A positioning component is disposed on the auxiliary support mechanism and is used to position the base 16.

[0080] In this embodiment of the invention, the adsorption element 17 can be a magnet, and the test piece 15 is made of metal. Magnets have an adsorption effect on most metal materials. By utilizing the physical properties of the test piece 15 itself, it can be self-adaptively fixed. When not being tested, the positioning component can support and position the base 16. The adsorption element 17 can also be Velcro, which only needs to have a certain degree of adhesion. Here, it is only necessary to ensure that the attachment 17 can adsorb and fix the test piece 15.

[0081] It should be stated that the function of the positioning component is to Figure 1 As shown, the base 16 is only intended to provide a certain support position when the test piece 15 is not adsorbed. It can be a fixed support rod or a support block.

[0082] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the positioning component includes:

[0083] Fixing bracket 26, the fixing bracket 26 being fixed to the auxiliary support mechanism and located on the side of the base 16 away from the first bracket 3; and

[0084] An elastic support assembly having elastic potential energy that allows it to extend and retract along the moving direction of the base 16.

[0085] In this embodiment, the elastic potential energy of the elastic support component can buffer the potential energy of the base 16 after the test piece 15 has been tested.

[0086] like Figure 3 As shown, specifically, the elastic support component includes:

[0087] Sliding sleeve 25, the sliding sleeve 25 is fixed on the fixing frame 26;

[0088] Slide rod 23, which is fixedly connected to slide sleeve 25; and

[0089] A buffer pad 22 is fixed to the end of the slide rod 23 away from the slide sleeve 25;

[0090] An elastic element 24 is fitted onto the slide rod 23 at the position between the end face of the slide sleeve 25 and the buffer pad 22.

[0091] The elastic element 24 can not only provide... Figure 3 The spring shown can also be a nylon telescopic tube, elastic sleeve, or other elastic component; this is merely a preferred embodiment.

[0092] In this case, after the test piece 15 is tested, it is removed. The base 16 moves downward under the action of gravity and is positioned on the buffer pad 22. The impact potential energy is buffered by the elastic force of the elastic member 24.

[0093] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, in another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the telescopic component includes:

[0094] Slider 19, which is slidably connected to the base 16;

[0095] A second connector 20 is nested within the base 16 and fixedly connected to the slider 19. The outer diameter of the second connector 20 is smaller than that of the slider 19.

[0096] The second sliding member 21 is slidably disposed on the auxiliary support mechanism, and the second sliding member 21 is fixedly connected to the second connecting member 20.

[0097] In this embodiment of the invention, when the support plate 9 moves, the second sliding member 21 and the second connecting member 20 drive the slider 19 to slide along the base 16, so that the movement of the support plate 9 does not affect the base 16 and can guide the base 16.

[0098] It should also be noted that this embodiment is only a preferred solution. For example, the telescopic component only needs to include a sliding member and a connecting member that slides and engages with the sliding member, and the connecting member is fixedly connected to the base 16.

[0099] In addition, the base 16 is provided with a groove 18 that cooperates with the two sliders 19. The groove 18 can limit the two sliders 19 and prevent them from detaching from the base 16.

[0100] like Figure 1 As shown, in another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the measuring component includes a scale segment 11, which is arranged on the auxiliary support mechanism along the moving direction of the adaptive positioning mechanism.

[0101] In this embodiment of the invention, this setting allows for intuitive data collection. By simply recording the displacement distance of the adaptive positioning mechanism, the deformation length of the test piece 15 on the projection surface can be obtained, thus avoiding the situation where the test piece 15 reverts to its original state during testing.

[0102] Specifically, the lowest measurement unit of the scale segment 11 can be designed according to actual needs. For example, when the test piece 15 is small, the lowest measurement unit of the scale segment 11 can be set to below millimeters. In addition, the scale segment can either have the scale set directly on the auxiliary support mechanism or be a scale installed on the auxiliary support mechanism. There is no limitation here.

[0103] like Figure 1 As shown, in another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary support mechanism includes:

[0104] Support frame 10, which is perpendicularly distributed to and fixedly connected to support plate 9; and

[0105] A sliding component is disposed between the end of the support frame 10 away from the support plate 9 and the first bracket 3. The sliding component is used to assist the support frame 10 in moving along the first bracket 3.

[0106] In this embodiment of the invention, the support frame 10 and the sliding component enable the support plate 9 to provide more stable support for the test piece 15, and the sliding component also facilitates movement.

[0107] It should be noted that the specific design of the auxiliary support mechanism is not unique. It only needs to support the support plate 9 and be able to move with the support plate 9 as shown. For example, it can be accomplished by the cooperation of support legs, rotating gears and racks.

[0108] In one embodiment, the sliding component includes:

[0109] Tiptoe 12, which is fixed to the support frame 10;

[0110] Roller 13, the roller 13 being rotatably mounted on the tiptoe 12; and

[0111] Guide rail 14 is mounted on the first bracket 3 and is movably connected to the roller 13.

[0112] Specifically, such as Figure 4As shown, the roller 13 is mounted on the tiptoe 12 by a bracket. As the support frame 10 moves with the support plate 9, the support frame 10 drives the roller 13 to roll along the guide rail 14. This arrangement can reduce the frictional resistance between the roller 13 and the guide rail 14 during the movement of the support frame 10.

[0113] It should be noted that the specific solution of the sliding component is not unique. Common solutions include moving wheels. This solution is merely a preferred solution, which provides more stable movement and the components are conventional.

[0114] In one case of this embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, there are two support frames 10 connected by a second crossbar 37. The middle of the two support frames 10 is fixed by a first crossbar 36. Specifically, the support frame 10 is used to cooperate with the sliding component, and the first crossbar 36 is used to cooperate with the positioning component.

[0115] As shown in Figure 1, in another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the driving mechanism includes:

[0116] The third connector 27 is perpendicularly distributed to and fixedly connected to the end of the support plate 9 away from the bearing platform 2;

[0117] Drive screw sleeve 28, the drive screw sleeve 28 being fixedly disposed at the end of the third connector 27 away from the support plate 9; and

[0118] The drive shaft 29 is provided with a screw portion 30 that is threadedly engaged with the drive sleeve 28;

[0119] The screw portions 30 of the two drive shafts 29 rotate in opposite directions, and each drive shaft 29 is connected to a power assembly that drives its rotation.

[0120] In this embodiment of the invention, the power assembly drives the two drive shafts 29 to rotate, and the two drive shafts 29 respectively drive the corresponding drive sleeves 28 to move in opposite directions, thereby bringing them closer or separating them. The distance between the two support plates 9 can be adjusted by the third connector 27, so that test pieces 15 of different sizes can be supported without affecting the test of their deformation performance.

[0121] It should be noted that the drive mechanism can also be a drive motor, but this type of drive solution is more expensive.

[0122] In one embodiment, the second bracket 3 is fixedly connected to a reinforcing plate 31 that is rotatably connected to the drive shaft 29. The reinforcing plate 31 can strengthen the structure and prevent the drive shaft 29 from falling.

[0123] like Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment, the power assembly includes:

[0124] Driven bevel gear 32, the driven bevel gear 32 is mounted on the drive shaft 29;

[0125] Drive bevel gear 33, which meshes with two driven bevel gears 32; and

[0126] Connecting shaft 34, the connecting shaft 34 being fixed to the axis of the driving bevel gear 33;

[0127] The connecting shaft 34 is fixedly connected to a drive motor 35 that drives its rotation.

[0128] The drive motor 35 drives the connecting shaft 34 to rotate. The connecting shaft 34 and the first bracket 3 drive the two drive shafts 29 to rotate. The two drive shafts 29 drive the two drive sleeves 28 to move in opposite directions, thereby bringing them closer or separating them. The distance between the two support plates 9 can be adjusted by the third connector 27.

[0129] The power components are not unique; for example, the combination of a turbine and a worm gear. The advantage of this solution is that the power transmission is more stable.

[0130] It should be noted that the support plate 9 described here can also pull the test piece 15 to perform a tensile test.

[0131] The above embodiments of the present invention provide a mechanical testing device for metallic materials. By setting up a support plate 9, a driving mechanism, an adaptive positioning mechanism and a measuring component, the device can immediately obtain the deformation data of the test piece 15 after the test, thereby solving the problem of inaccurate data when measuring after the test.

[0132] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical testing device for metallic materials, the device comprising a bearing mechanism and a pressurizing mechanism, characterized in that, The bearing mechanism includes: A support platform, wherein the support platform is provided with a through groove for the test piece to pass through; A support frame is fixed to the support platform; the support frame includes: a second support frame, which is fixed to one side of the support platform and is used to support the support platform; and a first support frame, which is fixed to the side of the support platform away from the second support frame and is used to support the pressurizing mechanism. A support plate, slidably disposed at both ends of the support platform, with one end of the support plate near the support platform extending into the through groove, the support plate being used to support the test piece; and A drive mechanism is used to drive the support plate; The device further includes: An auxiliary support mechanism is fixed to one end of the support plate extending into the through groove and located away from the pressurizing mechanism. The auxiliary support mechanism includes: a support frame, which is perpendicularly distributed to and fixedly connected to the support plate; and a sliding assembly, which is disposed between the end of the support frame away from the support plate and the first bracket, and the sliding assembly is used to assist the support frame in moving along the first bracket. An adaptive positioning mechanism is provided for locating the deformation position of a test piece. The adaptive positioning mechanism includes telescopic components slidably mounted on two auxiliary support mechanisms, which guide and position the adaptive positioning mechanism. The adaptive positioning mechanism further includes: a base with an adsorption component for fixing the test piece, the base abutting against the test piece; and a positioning component mounted on the auxiliary support mechanisms for positioning the base. The telescopic component includes: a slider slidably connected to the base; a second connecting member nested within the base and fixedly connected to the slider, the outer diameter of the second connecting member being smaller than that of the slider; and a second sliding member slidably mounted on the auxiliary support mechanisms, the second sliding member being fixedly connected to the second connecting member. A measuring component is disposed on the auxiliary support mechanism and is used to measure the travel distance of the adaptive positioning mechanism.

2. The mechanical testing device for metallic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressurization mechanism includes: A pressure head, used to apply pressure to the test piece; A lifting component, mounted on the first bracket, connected to the pressure head and used to drive its lifting; and A guide assembly is connected to the pressure head and the first bracket, and the guide assembly is used to guide the pressure head.

3. The mechanical testing device for metallic materials according to claim 2, characterized in that, The guiding component includes: A first connecting member, symmetrically fixed on both sides of the pressure head; and The first sliding member is slidably disposed on the first bracket and is fixedly connected to the first connecting member.

4. The mechanical testing device for metallic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning component includes: A fixing frame, which is fixed to the auxiliary support mechanism and located on the side of the base away from the first support; and An elastic support assembly having elastic potential energy that allows it to expand and contract along the direction of movement of the base.

5. The mechanical testing device for metallic materials according to claim 4, characterized in that, The elastic support component includes: A sliding sleeve, which is fixed to the fixed frame; The slide rod is fixedly connected to the sliding sleeve; and A buffer pad is fixed to the end of the slide rod away from the sliding sleeve. An elastic element is fitted onto the slide rod at the position between the end face of the slide sleeve and the buffer pad.

6. The mechanical testing device for metallic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The measuring component includes a scale segment, which is arranged on the auxiliary support mechanism along the moving direction of the adaptive positioning mechanism.

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