Rice field straw coarse crushing deep burial and fine crushing shallow burial combined layered return machine

Abstract

The rice field straw coarse crushing deep burying and fine crushing shallow burying combined layered return machine belongs to agricultural machinery; the frame assembly is equipped with a bidirectional spiral push roller, a straw collecting bucket, a deep buried straw spiral distributor, a straw coarse crushing deep buried knife roller, a shallow buried straw spiral distributor and a straw fine crushing shallow buried knife roller in sequence; the raking disc is installed on the front end of the frame assembly through the raking frame; the left conveyor chain rake and the right conveyor chain rake are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the frame assembly; the deep buried retaining grid and the shallow buried retaining grid are respectively installed on the rear side of the straw coarse crushing deep buried knife roller and the straw fine crushing shallow buried knife roller; the interconnected external output total power transmission box and the sub-power transmission box are installed on the upper part of the frame assembly; the machine completes the layered return operation of upper straw fine crushing shallow burying and lower straw coarse crushing deep burying, realizes the orderly and reasonable decomposition of straw, and has the characteristics of novel and reasonable structure, good operation quality, high operation efficiency and strong adaptability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to agricultural machinery, and mainly relates to a rice field straw returning and land preparation machine. Background Art

[0002] The harmless treatment and effective comprehensive utilization of crop straw, including rice straw, is an important research direction and topic for current agricultural science and technology personnel. Among them, returning crop straw to the fields is one of the technical methods for the comprehensive utilization of crop straw. At present, rice field straw is mostly returned to the fields by crushing and then burying it in a mixed manner, that is, it is not buried in layers. In production practice, it was found that the above-mentioned mixed burial method has the disadvantages of slow and difficult decomposition of rice straw, which is not conducive to paddy field preparation operations and rice transplanting operations or rice direct seeding operations, and affects the growth and development of rice. Therefore, how to effectively and orderly decompose the rice straw returned to the fields and provide excellent paddy field conditions for rice transplanting or direct seeding and plant growth is a technical problem that must be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to address the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, and in combination with the actual needs of rice field straw return operations, to research and design a rice field straw coarse crushing and deep burial and fine crushing and shallow burial combined layered return machine. By returning the rice field straw to the field in a coarse and fine crushing and deep and shallow layered manner, the pressure of concentrated decomposition of rice straw is reduced, the quality of rice field land preparation is ensured, good land conditions are provided for rice transplanting or direct seeding, and soil quality is improved.

[0004] The object of the invention is achieved in this way: a bidirectional spiral pushing roller, a straw collecting bucket, a deep-buried straw spiral distributor, a deep-buried straw coarse crushing knife roller, a shallow-buried straw spiral distributor and a shallow-buried straw fine crushing knife roller are sequentially arranged on the frame assembly from front to back, and the bidirectional spiral pushing roller is entirely located in the straw collecting bucket, and the lowest point of the blade of the shallow-buried straw fine crushing knife roller is higher than the lowest point of the blade of the deep-buried straw coarse crushing knife roller, and a grass raking disc is symmetrically installed on the front end of the frame assembly and in front of the straw collecting bucket through a grass raking rack, and a left conveyor chain rake and a right conveyor chain rake are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the frame assembly, A deep-buried retaining fence and a shallow-buried retaining fence are respectively installed at the rear side of the shallow-buried knife roller; an external output total power transmission box and a sub-power transmission box are respectively installed on the upper part of the frame assembly, above the deep-buried knife roller for coarse straw crushing and the shallow-buried knife roller for fine straw crushing; a power transmission connecting shaft connects the external output total power transmission box with the sub-power transmission box; a total power output shaft of the external output total power transmission box is connected to the deep-buried knife roller for coarse straw crushing; the total power output shaft is connected to the deep-buried knife roller for coarse straw crushing; the total power output shaft is connected to the deep-buried knife roller for coarse straw crushing; the total power output shaft is connected to the deep-buried knife roller for coarse straw crushing in sequence through a transmission system; the sub-power output shaft of the sub-power transmission box is connected to the shallow-buried knife roller for fine straw crushing, thereby constituting a rice field straw coarse crushing deep-buried and fine crushing shallow-buried combined layered field return machine.

[0005] The invention creates a layered field burial method that divides rice field straw into a coarsely crushed, deeply buried part and a finely crushed, shallowly buried part. This method can accelerate the decomposition of the shallowly buried finely crushed straw, providing good field conditions for rice transplanting or direct seeding. The subsequent decomposition of the deeply buried coarse straw can better improve soil quality, which is beneficial to and promotes the growth and development of rice plants. The invention has the characteristics of novel, unique, and reasonable structure, good operation quality, high operation efficiency, and strong adaptability, and provides technical support for the promotion of rice field straw return technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a rice field straw return machine that combines coarse crushing and deep burial with fine crushing and shallow burial.

[0007] Description of part numbers in the figure:

[0008] 1. Bidirectional spiral push roller, 2. Straw collecting bucket, 3. Right conveyor chain rake, 4. Deep-buried straw spiral distributor, 5. Power transmission connecting shaft, 6. Frame assembly, 7. Sub-power output shaft, 8. Sub-power transmission box, 9. Shallow-buried retaining fence, 10. Deep-buried retaining fence, 11. Shallow-buried blade roller for fine straw crushing, 12. External power transmission box, 13. Total power output shaft, 14. Left conveyor chain rake, 15. Transmission system, 16. Deep-buried blade roller for coarse straw crushing, 17. Rake rack, 18. Rake disc, 19. Shallow-buried straw spiral distributor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0009] The following is a detailed description of the implementation scheme of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. A rice field straw coarse crushing deep burial and fine crushing shallow burial combined layered return machine, the frame assembly 6 is sequentially equipped with a bidirectional spiral push roller 1, a straw collecting bucket 2, a deep-buried straw spiral distributor 4, a straw coarse crushing deep-buried blade roller 16, a shallow-buried straw spiral distributor 19, and a straw fine crushing shallow-buried blade roller 11. The bidirectional spiral push roller 1 is entirely located in the straw collecting bucket 2, and the lowest point of the blade of the straw fine crushing shallow-buried blade roller 11 is higher than the position of the blade of the straw coarse crushing blade roller 11. The lowest point of the blade of the deeply buried knife roller 16 is located on the front end of the frame assembly 6, and the grass raking disc 18 is symmetrically installed through the grass raking rack 17 at the front part of the straw collecting bucket 2. The left conveyor chain rake 14 and the right conveyor chain rake 3 are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the frame assembly 6. The left conveyor chain rake 14 connects the straw collecting bucket 2 with the shallowly buried straw spiral distributor 19, and the right conveyor chain rake 3 connects the straw collecting bucket 2 with the deeply buried straw spiral distributor 4. A deep buried retaining fence 10 and a shallow buried retaining fence 9 are installed at the rear side of the deep buried blade roller 16 for coarse crushing of straw and the shallow buried blade roller 11 for fine crushing of straw, respectively. On the upper part of the frame assembly 6, an external output total power transmission box 12 and a sub-power transmission box 8 are installed above the deep buried blade roller 16 for coarse crushing of straw and the shallow buried blade roller 11 for fine crushing of straw, respectively. The power transmission connecting shaft 5 connects the external output total power transmission box 12 with the sub-power transmission box 8. The external output total power transmission box The total power output shaft 13 of 12 is connected to the deep-buried blade roller 16 for coarse crushing of straw, and the total power output shaft 13 is connected to the deep-buried blade roller 16 for coarse crushing of straw. The total power output shaft 13 is connected to the bidirectional spiral push roller 1, the right conveyor chain rake 3, the left conveyor chain rake 14, the deep-buried straw spiral distributor 4 and the shallow-buried straw spiral distributor 19 in sequence through the transmission system 15, and the sub-power output shaft 7 of the sub-power transmission box 8 is connected to the shallow-buried blade roller 11 for fine crushing of straw.

[0010] During operation, the whole machine moves forward under the pulling of the traction power machinery. The external output power of the traction power machinery is transmitted to the external output total power transmission box 12 and then divided into two ways for transmission. One of the ways of power is directly driven by the total power output shaft 13 to rotate the deep-buried blade roller 16 for coarse straw crushing. At the same time, it drives the two-way spiral push roller 1, the right conveyor chain rake 3, the left conveyor chain rake 14, the deep-buried straw spiral distributor 4 and the shallow-buried straw spiral distributor 19 through the transmission system 15. The other way of power is directly driven by the power transmission connecting shaft 5 and the power transmission box 8 to rotate the shallow-buried blade roller 11 for fine straw crushing. At this time, the grass raking disc 18 rotates with the movement during the forward movement of the whole machine to gather the straw on the paddy field ground into the middle part of the straw collecting bucket 2, and the two-way spiral push roller 1 transports the straw in the straw collecting bucket 2 to both sides. The right conveyor chain rake 3 and the left conveyor chain rake 14 then convey a portion of the straw to the deep-buried straw spiral spreader 4 and the shallow-buried straw spiral spreader 19, respectively. The deep-buried straw spiral spreader 4 and the shallow-buried straw spiral spreader 19 evenly spread the straw on the soil surface in front of the deep-buried straw coarse-crushing roller 16 and the shallow-buried straw fine-crushing roller 11. The deep-buried straw coarse-crushing roller 16 then coarsely crushes the straw in front of it, mixes it with the soil, and then buries it deep in the soil at a depth of 20-25 cm. The shallow-buried straw fine-crushing roller 11 then finely crushes the straw in front of it, mixes it with the soil, and then shallowly buries it in the shallow soil at a depth of 10-15 cm. This completes the layered return to the field operation of finely crushing and shallowly burying the upper layer of straw and coarsely crushing and deep burying the lower layer of straw. While fully and rationally utilizing and giving full play to straw resources, it also provides good field conditions for rice transplanting or direct seeding. The deep-buried retaining fence 10 and the shallow-buried retaining fence 9 play a role in ensuring the quality and effect of deep burial and shallow burial.

Claims

1. A rice straw coarse crushing deep burial and fine crushing shallow burial combined layered returning machine, characterized in that A bidirectional spiral push roller (1), a straw collecting bucket (2), a deeply buried straw spiral distributor (4), a straw coarse crushing deeply buried blade roller (16), a shallow buried straw spiral distributor (19), and a straw fine crushing shallow buried blade roller (11) are sequentially arranged and installed on the frame assembly (6) from front to back. The bidirectional spiral push roller (1) is entirely located in the straw collecting bucket (2). The lowest point of the blade of the straw fine crushing shallow buried blade roller (11) is higher than the lowest point of the blade of the straw coarse crushing deeply buried blade roller (16). On the front end of the frame assembly (6), in front of the straw collecting bucket (2), symmetrically mounted straw raking discs (18) are provided via a raking rack (17); on the left and right sides of the frame assembly (6), respectively, a left conveying chain rake (14) and a right conveying chain rake (3) are provided; the left conveying chain rake (14) connects the straw collecting bucket (2) with a shallowly buried straw spiral distributor (19); the right conveying chain rake (3) connects the straw collecting bucket (2) with a deeply buried straw spiral distributor (4); A deep buried earth retaining grid (10) and a shallow buried earth retaining grid (9) are respectively installed at the rear side of the coarse crushing deep buried blade roller (16) and the straw fine crushing shallow buried blade roller (11); an external total power transmission box (12) and a sub-power transmission box (8) are respectively installed at the upper part of the frame assembly (6) and above the straw coarse crushing deep buried blade roller (16) and the straw fine crushing shallow buried blade roller (11); a power transmission connecting shaft (5) connects the external total power transmission box (12) and the sub-power transmission box (8) The total power output shaft (13) of the external total power transmission box (12) is connected to the straw coarse crushing deep-buried blade roller (16), the total power output shaft (13) is sequentially connected to the bidirectional spiral push roller (1), the right conveyor chain rake (3), the left conveyor chain rake (14), the deep-buried straw spiral distributor (4) and the shallow-buried straw spiral distributor (19) through the transmission system (15), and the sub-power output shaft (7) of the sub-power transmission box (8) is connected to the straw fine crushing shallow-buried blade roller (11).

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