A bag-turning centrifugal system with solid-liquid discharge switching function

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of solid-liquid separation, and in particular to a bag-turning centrifuge system with a solid-liquid discharge switching function. The present invention includes a bag-turning centrifuge with a mother liquid chamber and a filter cake chamber, the bag-turning centrifuge includes a first nozzle installed in the filter cake chamber, the first nozzle is connected to a cleaning liquid pipeline and the nozzle of the first nozzle points to the direction of the filter cloth in the filter cake chamber; the feed port of the solid-liquid switching valve is connected to the filter cake outlet for discharging located at the bottom surface of the filter cake chamber. The present invention can reliably realize the online cleaning function of the filter cloth, and smoothly realize the switching discharge effect of the filter cake as a solid phase and the cleaning liquid as a liquid phase, ultimately greatly improving the reliability, continuity and stability of the entire operation process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of solid-liquid separation, and in particular to a bag-turning centrifugal system with a solid-liquid discharge switching function. Background Art

[0002] As a centrifugal filtration solid-liquid separation equipment, the bag centrifuge has the advantages of being closed, automatic unloading, no residual filter cake, no damage to the crystal shape of the material, and a high degree of automation. It is widely used in the pharmaceutical, chemical, food and other industries.

[0003] The working process of the bag centrifuge generally includes feeding, filtering, washing, dehydration, unloading, filter cloth regeneration and other stages. According to the process requirements, the above stages can be increased or decreased and operated in a cycle. Figure 1-2 As shown: 1. During the feeding stage, the bag centrifuge runs at a low speed, the cavity of the drum a is in a sealed state, and the material enters the drum a through the feed pipe b at a certain flow rate. 2. During the filtration stage, the bag centrifuge automatically increases the speed to a high speed (about 800-4000r / min), and uses the centrifugal force field generated by the high-speed rotation to remove the liquid contained in the material. Due to the existence of the filter cloth c (the filtration accuracy is selected according to the material characteristics), the solid particles in the material are trapped and gradually form a filter cake layer; the liquid passes through the filter cloth c and flows out from the water permeable holes of the drum a, and is discharged from the mother liquid cavity d to form Figure 1 The state shown. 3. In the washing stage, if the filter cake needs to be washed (to remove impurities, salts, solvents, etc. in the filter cake to obtain a filter cake with higher purity or to wash the useful solvent in the filter cake into the mother liquor for recovery), the washing liquid enters the drum a through the feed pipe b to wash the filter cake in a displacement manner. The washing liquid penetrates the filter cake and replaces the impurities or salts, solvents, etc. in the filter cake. The impurities or salts and solvents are integrated into the washing liquid and taken away by the washing liquid to complete the washing process. The washing can be repeated multiple times, and the type of washing liquid can also be changed. 4. In the dehydration and drying stage, after the washing is completed, the bag centrifuge runs at high speed for a period of time to fully remove the liquid in the filter cake to obtain a drier filter cake or as much mother liquor as possible. 5. In the unloading stage, after the water content of the filter cake reaches the process requirements, the dehydration process ends and enters the unloading stage; at this time, the equipment automatically reduces from high speed to the unloading speed, and the drum speed is generally about 50 to 300 r / min. The inner shaft system starts to drive, and the inner and outer shaft systems rotate at different speeds, and there is a speed difference. There is relative motion between the two. The outer shaft system is fixed axially, and the push plate e at the inner shaft system is pushed out through the spiral mechanism under the action of the speed difference, and the filter cloth c is flipped accordingly. The inner filter surface of the filter cloth c, that is, one side of the filter cake, is flipped to the outer filter surface, forming a Figure 2The state shown in the figure; at this time, the filter cake is gradually thrown away under the action of centrifugal force, collected in the filter cake chamber f, and finally discharged. 6. In the filter cloth regeneration stage, after the unloading is completed, the spray washing device in the filter cake chamber f sprays the cleaning liquid to spray and clean the filter cloth c, and the filter cloth is regenerated. The spray washing device in the mother liquid chamber d can also spray the cleaning liquid to spray and clean the outside of the drum a. Then the push plate is retracted, and the drum a cavity is sealed again to carry out the next cycle operation.

[0004] The bag-turning centrifuge is mainly used for systems with fine, sticky, and difficult-to-handle materials. It uses the characteristics of the bag-turning centrifuge to effectively handle small amounts of materials multiple times, quickly filter, and leave no residual filter cake. After a certain period of time, the filter cloth's filtration efficiency is reduced because of the adhesion of fine, sticky materials to the filter cloth's micropores. Therefore, filter cloth regeneration is a key issue in the use of the bag-turning centrifuge, and the quality of filter cloth regeneration is directly related to the filtration performance. The distribution of solid particle size in the material, the viscosity of the material, and the affinity between the solid and the filter cloth surface all affect the difficulty of filter cloth regeneration. After the filter cloth is turned out of the bag-turning centrifuge, it can be cleaned and regenerated more thoroughly by rinsing. That is, Figure 2 As shown, a certain level of cleaning liquid is introduced into the filter cake chamber and the mother liquid chamber, and the lower part of the turned-out filter bag is immersed to a certain height, and the filter bag is rotated at a low speed so that the filter bag is continuously rinsed repeatedly in the immersed cleaning liquid to achieve the purpose of regeneration. However, this also brings a problem, that is, the filter cake chamber is full of cleaning liquid. The filter cake chamber is different from the mother liquid chamber. The function of the filter cake chamber is to remove the filter cake with a certain moisture content, and its filter cake outlet is directly connected to the drying equipment or solid collection device. If the rinsed cleaning liquid is to be discharged from the filter cake outlet of the filter cake chamber, it is necessary to first remove and disconnect the connected drying equipment or solid collection device, drain the rinsed cleaning liquid, and then connect the drying equipment or solid collection device. Obviously, it is extremely time-consuming and labor-intensive, and needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a bag-turning centrifugal system with a reasonable structure and high cost performance and a solid-liquid discharge switching function, which can reliably realize the online cleaning function of the filter cloth and smoothly realize the switching discharge effect of the filter cake as the solid phase and the cleaning liquid as the liquid phase, ultimately greatly improving the reliability, continuity and stability of the entire operation process.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A bag-turning centrifugal system with a solid-liquid discharge switching function comprises a bag-turning centrifuge having a mother liquid chamber and a filter cake chamber, wherein the bag-turning centrifuge comprises a first nozzle installed in the filter cake chamber, the first nozzle is connected to a cleaning liquid pipeline and the nozzle of the first nozzle points to the direction of the filter cloth in the filter cake chamber; the feed port of the solid-liquid switching valve is connected to a filter cake outlet for discharging located at the bottom surface of the filter cake chamber;

[0008] The solid-liquid switching valve comprises a cylindrical valve body with a horizontally arranged axis, and a rotatable columnar valve core located in the valve cavity of the valve body, a sealing fit is formed between the outer wall of the valve core and the wall of the valve body cavity, one end of the valve core forms a driving end so as to drive the valve core to produce a rotational movement relative to the valve body; a feed port and a solid discharge port are vertically penetrated on the valve body, and the filter cake outlet, feed port and solid discharge port at the filter cake cavity are located on the same vertical material guiding path; a solid channel is arranged correspondingly vertically through the valve core, and the solid channel is located at the The valve core is arranged on the vertical material guiding path, so that the solid material can be connected to the external material receiving equipment through the feed port, the solid channel and the solid discharge port in sequence; a liquid channel which can be connected to the feed port is also provided on the outer wall of the valve core, and the other end of the valve core relative to the driving end forms a liquid discharge end, and the liquid discharge end and the inner cavity of the valve body are enclosed to form a liquid accumulation cavity for temporarily storing liquid materials, the liquid channel is connected to the liquid accumulation cavity, and a liquid discharge port which is connected to the liquid accumulation cavity is opened on the valve body; the cavity extension paths of the liquid channel and the solid channel avoid each other in space.

[0009] Preferably, one end of the valve body located at the driving end of the valve core is an open structure, while the other end of the valve body opposite to it is a sealed structure, thereby forming a cylindrical barrel-shaped structure of the valve body; there is a distance between the discharge end of the valve core and the barrel bottom of the valve body, and the space located in the distance forms the liquid accumulation cavity, and the discharge port is opened on the barrel wall of the valve body at the lowest point of the liquid accumulation cavity.

[0010] Preferably, the liquid channel includes a countersunk impact channel with an axis perpendicular to the valve core axis, and a rectifying channel connecting the impact channel and the liquid accumulation chamber, and the rectifying channel is in a mesh shape that penetrates the valve body along the valve core axis.

[0011] Preferably, in a cross section perpendicular to the valve core axis, the axis of the impact channel and the axis of the solid channel are located in the same plane, and the two axes form an angle of 90°; there is a distance between the hole bottom of the impact channel and the solid channel.

[0012] Preferably, the valve body and valve cavity have a two-stage stepped hole shape with a thick top and a narrow bottom, and a one-way stop is formed between the discharge end of the cylindrical valve core and the hole shoulder of the valve body and valve cavity; the barrel mouth of the valve body is also threaded with a pressure cover for cooperating with the hole shoulder to clamp the valve core toward each other.

[0013] Preferably, the driving end of the valve core coaxially penetrates the gland to form a main shaft, and the main shaft is driven by a power source to drive the valve core to produce a rotational motion.

[0014] Preferably, the power source is a handle; three groups of elastic pins are arranged around the main shaft or the handle at the pressure cover, and elastic sleeves are sleeved on the three groups of elastic pins; in the axial projection of the main shaft, the axes of the three groups of elastic sleeves are located on the same circle; a positioning protrusion is radially protruding outward at the main shaft or the handle, and the concave edge of the positioning protrusion for matching the elastic sleeve is in the shape of a notch that matches the contour curve of the outer wall of the elastic sleeve; when the valve core is rotated to a specified angle, a snap fit is formed between the positioning protrusion and the outer wall of the elastic sleeve at the elastic pin located at the angle.

[0015] Preferably, a sealing ring is coaxially mounted on the valve core and is used to enhance the sealing effect relative to the valve body and the valve cavity; the sealing rings are in two groups and are distributed at both ends of the valve core.

[0016] Preferably, the ends of the liquid channel and the solid channel for connecting to the feed port are both in a trumpet shape for easy material connection.

[0017] Preferably, a hose section connected to each other is coaxially arranged between the filter cake outlet and the feed inlet.

[0018] Preferably, the first nozzle is installed on the top surface of the filter cake chamber; the top surface of the mother liquid chamber is provided with a second nozzle for spraying cleaning liquid, and the nozzle of the second nozzle points in the direction of the drum in the mother liquid chamber.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] 1) For the bag-turning centrifuge working in the rinsing mode, the discharge includes the powder forming the filter cake and the cleaning liquid formed by rinsing. In other words, the basic function of the present invention is to have the solid-liquid separation discharge effect, so as to discharge the powder or the cleaning liquid separately and independently as needed. On this basis, since the filter cake has a certain moisture content, this requires a larger solid discharge port, and the smoothness of the discharge must be guaranteed to ensure that there is no residual material in the liquid channel and the solid channel, and there should be no interference and contamination between the solid and the liquid.

[0021] Based on the above, the present invention provides a bag-turning centrifugal system with a solid-liquid switching valve: on the one hand, by at least setting a first nozzle in the filter cake chamber, after each filter cake cleaning is completed, the first nozzle can be relied on for online spraying, and finally the filter cloth can be directly sprayed and cleaned and the filter cake chamber can be filled with liquid for cleaning. On the other hand, when the cleaning liquid needs to be emptied after cleaning or the filter cake needs to be discharged later, a special solid-liquid switching valve can be used to achieve a rapid switching and discharge effect between the liquid phase and the solid phase.

[0022] In actual operation, the state switching of the solid-liquid switching valve should be a cyclic reciprocating switching of solid phase-liquid phase-solid phase-liquid phase, so how to ensure the reliability of its switching action becomes a problem. For the solid-liquid switching valve of the present invention: on the one hand, through the rotatable valve core, matched with the valve body, the separate discharge of solid materials and liquid materials and even the controllable opening and closing effect of the entire channel can be achieved through the rotation of the valve core relative to the valve body. On the other hand, the solid channel for the discharge of solid materials is a vertical straight up and down through-hole, which allows the wet and sticky filter cake to naturally pass through the filter cake outlet, feed port, solid channel and solid discharge port, and fall smoothly and be discharged under the action of gravity, ensuring the reliable, continuous and stable discharge of difficult-to-discharge powders. As for the liquid phase that is easy to discharge, that is, the cleaning liquid, it is drained laterally and discharged through the liquid accumulation chamber. In this way, no matter how the valve core rotates, the liquid accumulation chamber can always be in a state of waiting to receive liquid, and the operation is reliable and stable. At the same time, even if the valve core that is in a state of receiving liquid is switched at any time, because the liquid channel is always connected to the liquid accumulation chamber at this time, it is ensured that the liquid channel is always in an empty state. While ensuring the independent working ability of the two channels of the valve core under solid-liquid switching, the cleanliness of the valve core is also guaranteed, achieving multiple goals at one stroke.

[0023] In summary, the present invention can reliably realize the online cleaning function of the filter cloth, and smoothly realize the switching discharge effect of the filter cake as the solid phase and the cleaning liquid as the liquid phase, ultimately greatly improving the reliability, continuity and stability of the entire operation process.

[0024] 2) In actual design, due to the unique working environment of the present invention, it is necessary to give priority to ensuring the smoothness of the solid channel. Due to the fluidity of the liquid phase itself, the priority of the liquid channel design can be relatively low. As a further preferred scheme of the above scheme: the present invention naturally encloses the valve body and the valve core to form a liquid accumulation cavity, thereby ensuring that the liquid accumulation cavity is naturally formed at the discharge end of the valve body. At the same time, after the axes of the solid channel and the liquid channel form a 90° angle, the impact channel and the rectification channel are connected to form a liquid channel, so that once the cleaning fluid enters the impact channel, it can quickly flow into the liquid accumulation cavity with the shortest path. At the same time, the countersunk design of the impact channel plays a preliminary buffering and energy absorption role to reduce the impact force of the cleaning fluid from the previous process; after that, the rectification channel further maximizes the reduction of the impact kinetic energy of the cleaning fluid, so that the cleaning fluid can flow smoothly into the liquid accumulation cavity and then be discharged.

[0025] 3) As for the coordination between the valve core and the valve body, the present invention ensures the precise assembly and controllable rotation effect of the valve core by clamping the hole shoulder and the gland in opposite directions. When driving the valve core, the switching between solid and liquid materials in different states can be realized manually as described in the present invention. In addition to this function, the closing operation of the valve body can also be realized; the present invention can also be automated, that is, an automated power device is added as a power source, such as a reducer or a pneumatic actuator, and the automation of the switching and state monitoring can also be realized, which will not be described in detail here.

[0026] 4) When the handle is used as the power source, since the valve core is wrapped in the valve body, how to accurately realize the state switching of the present invention becomes a problem. The present invention adopts three groups of elastic pins to realize the calibration functions of the liquid discharge position, the liquid retention position and the closed position. Specifically: the handle is provided with a positioning protrusion with a concave edge, and the concave edge partially interferes with the elastic sleeve; when the handle is rotated, the positioning protrusion can rely on the concave edge to squeeze the elastic sleeve to cause it to deform under force and form a jam. When the handle is turned to the position of one group of elastic pins, the jamming phenomenon prompts the operator that the valve core has been rotated to this position. For convenient and accurate operation, eye-catching labels can be designed on the elastic pins at the liquid discharge position, the elastic pins at the liquid retention position, and the elastic pins at the closed position.

[0027] 5) The valve core realizes left and right sealing through the sealing rings at both ends, thereby ensuring that the leakage and mixing of the solid and liquid phases are effectively avoided when the valve core rotates relative to the valve body through physical sealing. The ends of the liquid channel and the solid channel used to connect the feed port are both in a trumpet shape for easy material connection, in order to improve the smoothness of the feeding of solid and liquid materials, so as to improve its working reliability and stability.

[0028] 6) Considering that during the cleaning operation, the drum as one of the working parts also needs to be cleaned. Therefore, the present invention not only designs a first nozzle in the filter cake chamber, but also arranges a second nozzle in the mother liquid chamber to achieve a synchronous cleaning liquid injection effect. Of course, since the mother liquid chamber and the filter cake chamber are independent of each other, there is no mutual interference; the cleaning liquid in the mother liquid chamber is naturally discharged along the traditional mother liquid outlet for discharging mother liquid and washing liquid, and will not have a cross-effect on the filter cake chamber. Each nozzle is preferably sprayed directly at the object to enhance the cleaning effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 and Figure 2 This is the working status diagram of the traditional bag centrifuge;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a structural cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A structural cross-sectional view of the solid-liquid switching valve in the working state shown;

[0032] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A local enlarged view of part I;

[0033] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the position state of the handle when it is in the liquid discharge position;

[0034] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of part II;

[0035] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the position state of the handle when it is in the row retention position;

[0036] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the position of the handle when it is in the closed position.

[0037] The actual correspondence between the reference numerals and component names of the present invention is as follows:

[0038] 10-Bag Centrifuge

[0039] a-drum b-feed pipe c-filter cloth d-mother liquid chamber e-push plate f-filter cake chamber

[0040] 11- first nozzle 12- second nozzle

[0041] 20-Solid-liquid switching valve

[0042] 21-valve body 21a-feed port 21b-solid discharge port 21c-liquid discharge port

[0043] 22- valve core 22a- solid channel 22b- impact channel 22c- rectification channel

[0044] 23-pressure cover 24-spindle 25-handle 26a-elastic pin 26b-elastic sleeve

[0045] 27-positioning protrusion 27a-recessed edge 28-sealing ring

[0046] 30-Hose section DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] For ease of understanding, the specific structure and working mode of the present invention are further described below:

[0048] The working process of the conventional bag centrifuge 10 is as follows:

[0049] like Figure 1As shown, the suspension enters the drum a located in the mother liquid chamber d from the feed pipe b of the bag centrifuge 10. A filter cloth c is coaxially arranged on the inner surface of the drum a. The filter cloth c is in the shape of a cylinder with openings at both ends. The material is generally selected according to the material properties. It can be polyester, polypropylene or other materials and has a certain degree of softness. The precision is selected according to the particle size distribution of the material. After the suspension enters the drum a, the solids are retained by the filter cloth c under the action of centrifugal force, and the mother liquid passes through the filter cloth c and a series of small holes on the cylinder of the drum a, and is thrown into the mother liquid chamber d, and finally discharged from the machine through the mother liquid outlet. The retained solids are dried and dehydrated at high speed to form a filter cake. Subsequently, as Figure 2 As shown, the filter cloth c is turned over by the bag turning mechanism, and its filter inner side is turned over to the outside. Under the action of low-speed centrifugal force, the filter cake attached to the filter cloth c is thrown out and enters the filter cake chamber f, and finally discharged out of the machine through the filter cake outlet. The mother liquid chamber d and the filter cake chamber f are closed and separated to prevent the mother liquid and the filter cake from crossing and affecting each other.

[0050] The specific implementation structure of the present invention is shown in Figures 3-9:

[0051] like Figure 3 As shown, the present invention is provided with a first nozzle 11 above the shell of the filter cake chamber f, into which cleaning liquid can be sprayed to rinse the filter cloth c temporarily located in the filter cake chamber f; and a second nozzle 12 is provided above the shell of the mother liquid chamber d, into which cleaning liquid can be sprayed to rinse the outer surface of the drum a and the filter cloth c that has entered the drum a. The cleaning liquid in the mother liquid chamber d can eventually be naturally discharged out of the machine through the aforementioned mother liquid outlet. The cleaning liquid in the filter cake chamber f needs to pass through the special solid-liquid switching valve 20 connected to the filter cake outlet, pass through the corresponding channel of the solid-liquid switching valve 20, and be discharged out of the machine without affecting the filter cake. In order to avoid the influence of the vibration of the bag-turning centrifuge 10, a soft connection is provided between the filter cake outlet of the bag-turning centrifuge 10 and the solid-liquid switching valve 20, preferably a hose section 30 such as a bellows, to play a role in isolating vibration.

[0052] The structure and principle of the solid-liquid switching valve 20 are as follows:

[0053] The cylindrical valve core 22 can generally be made of plastic materials such as polytetrafluoroethylene, and its outer surface forms a transition fit with the inner cylindrical surface of the valve body 21 at the valve cavity, and is horizontal, so that the valve core 22 can rotate freely in the valve cavity of the valve body 21. The valve body 21 is generally made of metal processing, such as stainless steel. The transition fit between the plastic valve core 22 and the metal valve body 21 has a sealing function through the plastic deformation of the valve core 22, so that the internal channels of the valve core 22 are isolated from each other. During assembly, Figure 4The right end face of the valve core 22 shown is limited by the hole shoulder at the valve cavity of the valve body 21, and the left end face is limited by the pressure cover 23. The rotation flexibility of the valve core 22 can be adjusted by adjusting the pressing degree of the pressure cover 23 by installing screws.

[0054] like Figure 4 As shown, in order to ensure the sealing degree of the valve core 22 relative to the valve cavity of the valve body 21, sealing rings 28 are provided on the left and right sides of the valve core 22, thereby forming a left seal and a right seal. Through the sealing of the left seal and the right seal, the valve core 22 is installed inside the valve core 22 by a physical sealing method.

[0055] A feed port 21a is provided in the middle section of the valve body 21, and its size, structure and other technical parameters are consistent with the filter cake outlet of the bag-turning centrifuge 10 and the caliber of the aforementioned hose section 30, thereby ensuring the universality of the connection method. Under the right seal of the valve core 22, the valve body 21 on its right side naturally forms a liquid accumulation cavity, and a liquid discharge port 21c is provided at the bottom of this section of the valve body 21. At the same time, a solid discharge port 21b is also provided in the lower part of the middle section of the cylinder of the valve body 21, which is coaxial with the feed port 21a. The solid discharge port 21b is generally connected to an external drying device or solid collection device, and its size, structure and other technical parameters are determined by the connection equipment interface. After assembly, the filter cake outlet, feed port 21a and solid discharge port 21b should be located on the same vertical material guide path to achieve the purpose of smooth material guide.

[0056] like Figure 4 and, Figure 6 and Figure 8-9 As shown, a liquid channel is opened in the middle of the valve core 22. The liquid channel is divided into Figure 4 The impact channel 22b is a vertically recessed countersunk hole-shaped impact channel 22b, and the horizontally extending sieve-shaped rectifying channel 22c. The impact channel 22b is cylindrical, and its axis is perpendicular to the axis of the valve core 22. In order to ensure a good liquid contact effect, the upper end of the impact channel 22b can be set as a bell mouth with a large upper mouth and a small lower mouth; the depth of the impact channel 22b cannot cross or interfere with the solid channel 22a, ensuring the independence of each channel. Figure 4 The right end surface of the valve core 22 shown is also provided with a rectifying channel 22c connected to the impact channel 22b. The axes of the meshes in the rectifying channel 22c are perpendicular to the axes of the impact channel 22b, and the lower circular surface of the meshes in the bottom row should be flush with the bottom surface of the impact channel 22b to ensure that the liquid in the impact channel 22b can be completely drained; the number of meshes is determined according to the diameter of the impact channel 22b, that is, the total cross-sectional area of ​​all meshes should be greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the impact channel 22b to ensure smooth drainage. Through the connection of the rectifying channel 22c, the impact channel 22b and the liquid accumulation chamber are interconnected, and the liquid enters from the feed port 21a, passes through the impact channel 22b and the rectifying channel 22c, and then enters the liquid accumulation chamber, and finally discharges out of the valve through the drain port 21c.

[0057] Further, such as Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 8-9 As shown, a solid passage 22a is also opened in the middle of the valve core 22. The solid passage 22a is also cylindrical, and its axis is perpendicular to the axis of the valve core 22, but is staggered by 90 degrees with the impact passage 22b. Figure 6 It can also be seen that when the impact channel 22b is in the vertical direction and opens upward, the solid channel 22a is in the horizontal direction and opens to the right. In order to ensure a good effect of receiving solids, the upper end of the solid channel 22a can also be provided with a bell mouth with a large upper opening and a small lower opening. The solid channel 22a runs through the valve core 22. When the valve core 22 rotates to the solid discharge position, the large bell-shaped end of the solid channel 22a is connected to the feed port 21a, and the lower end of the solid channel 22a is connected to the solid discharge port 21b. The solid channel 22a is in a vertical downward state, and the solid is easily discharged out of the valve under the action of gravity.

[0058] Figure 4 The position directly opposite to the impact channel 22 b of the valve core 22 shown in the figure does not have any open channel, so the feed port 21 a can be directly sealed. This position is the closed position of the solid-liquid switching valve 20 .

[0059] exist Figure 4 In the structure shown, a main shaft 24 is coaxially fixed at the center of the left end face of the valve core 22. The main shaft 24 passes through the gland 23, so that the end of the main shaft 24 is exposed outside the gland 23. The main shaft 24 is the power source for realizing the rotation of the valve core 22. The torque of the power source can be realized manually or automatically by an electromechanical device, and the electromechanical device can be a motor reducer, a pneumatic actuator, etc. The technical parameters such as the end size and connection type of the main shaft 24 are determined by the interface size of the power source. In this example, it is explained in a manual manner: a shaft seal is provided on the outer cylindrical surface of the main shaft 24 close to the valve core 22 to isolate the valve body 21 from the external seal. The main shaft 24 is also coaxially provided with a sleeve to ensure the coaxiality and rotation flexibility of the main shaft 24. A handle 25 is fixed to the outer end of the main shaft 24; when the handle 25 is manually operated, the rotation of the valve core 22 can be realized to control the valve core 22 to reach the corresponding working position.

[0060] The valve core 22 of the present invention has three positions: a liquid discharge position, i.e., a solid discharge position, i.e., a fixed position, and a valve core 22 closed position, i.e., a closed position. Corresponding to the positions, three groups of elastic pins 26a are respectively arranged on the gland 23, i.e., a liquid discharge pin, a fixed pin, and a closed pin. The elastic pin 26a is covered with an elastic sleeve 26b, such as a plastic cylinder, etc., as shown in FIG. Figure 4-5 As shown, the elastic sleeve 26b here is preferably able to rotate freely relative to the elastic pin 26a. Figure 6-9As shown, the handle 25 is provided with a positioning protrusion 27 with a concave edge 27a. The concave edge 27a interferes with the outer wall of the elastic sleeve 26b. When the concave edge 27a makes a circular motion and squeezes the elastic pin 26a, it will compress the outer wall of the elastic sleeve 26b to produce force deformation, resulting in a jam. When the handle 25 is rotated to the corresponding position of a group of elastic pins 26a, the jam phenomenon prompts the operator that the valve core 22 has been rotated to the corresponding working position. For convenient and accurate operation, eye-catching labels can be fixed at the corresponding positions of the drain pin, the drain pin, and the closing pin.

[0061] During specific operation, when the bag-turning centrifuge 10 needs to discharge the cleaning liquid, the solid-liquid switching valve 20 is opened to the liquid discharge position, and the concave edge 27a and the elastic sleeve 26b at the liquid discharge pin form a Figure 7 The jam shown in the figure is Figure 6 As shown: the handle 25 is in a horizontal, rightward position, the impact channel 22b is vertical, and the trumpet-shaped mouth is upward; at this time, the solid channel 22a is horizontal, and the trumpet-shaped mouth is rightward.

[0062] When the bag-turning centrifuge 10 needs to discharge the filter cake, the solid-liquid switching valve 20 is opened to the discharge position, and the concave edge 27a and the discharge pin form a blocking. Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the handle 25 is in a vertical and upward position, the impact channel 22b is horizontal, and the trumpet-shaped opening is facing left; at this time, the solid channel 22a is vertical, and the trumpet-shaped opening is facing upward. The solid channel 22a is in a vertical state, which is conducive to the smooth and unobstructed discharge of the filter cake under the action of gravity.

[0063] When the bag-turning centrifuge 10 is in the working state of feeding, filtering, washing, dehydration and drying, the solid-liquid switching valve 20 is opened to the closed position, and the concave edge 27a and the closing pin form a blocking. Fig. 9 As shown: the handle 25 is in a horizontal, rightward position; the liquid channel is vertical, with a large bell-shaped opening facing downward; the solid channel 22a is horizontal, with a large bell-shaped opening facing leftward.

[0064] In subsequent designs, an electromechanical device can be added to the main shaft 24 to achieve automatic switching of the solid-liquid switching valve 20. Proximity switches can also be added to the corresponding positions of the liquid discharge pin, solid discharge pin, and closing pin to monitor the actual position state of the valve core 22, thereby interlocking with the electromechanical device added to the main shaft 24 to achieve closed-loop and precise control; in conjunction with the software, the present invention can achieve the above-mentioned automatic control, but the protection of the present invention only extends to the hardware platform composed of physical components, so it will not be elaborated here. When the size of the solid-liquid switching valve 20 is relatively large, a mounting ear seat can be set at an appropriate position of the valve body 21, so that the solid-liquid switching valve 20 can be installed on an external bracket through the ear seat, and finally the entire solid-liquid switching valve 20 is supported to ensure its working stability.

[0065] Of course, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the present invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0066] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0067] The techniques, shapes, and structural parts not described in detail in the present invention are all well-known techniques.

Claims

1. A bag-turning centrifuge system with a solid-liquid discharge switching function, comprising a bag-turning centrifuge (10) with a mother liquid chamber and a filter cake chamber, characterized in that: The bag-turning centrifuge comprises a first nozzle (11) installed in the filter cake cavity, the first nozzle (11) being connected to a cleaning liquid pipeline and the nozzle of the first nozzle (11) pointing in the direction of the filter cloth in the filter cake cavity; a feed port (21a) of a solid-liquid switching valve (20) and a filter cake outlet for discharging located at the bottom surface of the filter cake cavity being connected to each other; The solid-liquid switching valve (20) comprises a cylindrical valve body (21) with an axis arranged horizontally, and a rotatable columnar valve core (22) located in a valve cavity of the valve body (21); an outer wall of the valve core (22) and a cavity wall of the valve body (21) form a sealing fit; one end of the valve core (22) forms a driving end so that the valve core (22) can be driven to produce a rotational movement relative to the valve body (21); a feed inlet (21a) and a solid discharge port (21b) are vertically penetrated on the valve body (21); and the filter cake outlet, the feed inlet (21a) and the solid discharge port (21b) at the filter cake cavity are located on the same vertical material guiding path; a solid channel (21a) is correspondingly vertically penetrated on the valve core (22) 22a), the solid channel (22a) is located on the vertical material guiding path, so that the solid material can be connected to the external material receiving device in sequence through the feed port (21a), the solid channel (22a) and the solid discharge port (21b); the outer wall of the valve core (22) is also provided with a liquid channel that can be connected to the feed port, the other end of the valve core (22) opposite to the driving end forms a liquid discharge end, the liquid discharge end and the inner cavity of the valve body (21) are enclosed to form a liquid accumulation cavity for temporarily storing liquid material, the liquid channel is connected to the liquid accumulation cavity, and the valve body (21) is provided with a liquid discharge port (21c) that is connected to the liquid accumulation cavity; the cavity extension paths of the liquid channel and the solid channel (22a) avoid each other in space; One end of the valve body (21) located at the driving end of the valve core (22) is an open structure, while the other end of the valve body (21) opposite thereto is a sealed structure, thereby forming a cylindrical barrel structure of the valve body (21); there is a distance between the discharge end of the valve core (22) and the barrel bottom of the valve body (21), and the space located in the distance forms the liquid accumulation cavity, and the discharge port (21c) is opened on the barrel wall of the valve body (21) at the lowest point of the liquid accumulation cavity; The valve cavity of the valve body (21) is in the shape of a two-stage stepped hole with a wide mouth and a narrow bottom, and a one-way stop is formed between the discharge end of the cylindrical valve core (22) and the hole shoulder of the valve cavity of the valve body (21); the barrel mouth of the valve body (21) is also threadedly engaged with a pressure cover (23) for engaging with the hole shoulder to clamp the valve core (22) in opposite directions.

2. The bag-turning centrifugal system with solid-liquid discharge switching function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid channel comprises a countersunk impact channel (22b) whose axis is perpendicular to the axis of the valve core (22), and a rectifying channel (22c) connecting the impact channel (22b) and the liquid accumulation chamber, wherein the rectifying channel (22c) is in the shape of a mesh penetrating the valve body (21) along the axis of the valve core (22); in a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the valve core (22), the axis of the impact channel (22b) and the axis of the solid channel (22a) are located on the same plane, and the two axes form an angle of 90°; there is a distance between the bottom of the impact channel (22b) and the solid channel (22a).

3. The bag-turning centrifugal system with solid-liquid discharge switching function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving end of the valve core (22) coaxially penetrates the gland (23) to form a main shaft (24), and the main shaft (24) is driven by a power source to drive the valve core (22) to produce a rotational motion.

4. The bag-turning centrifugal system with solid-liquid discharge switching function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power source is a handle (25); three groups of elastic pins (26a) are arranged around the main shaft (24) at the pressure cover (23), and elastic sleeves (26b) are sleeved on the three groups of elastic pins (26a); the three groups of elastic sleeves (26b) are arranged around the axis of the main shaft (24), and the distances between the axes of the elastic sleeves and the axis of the main shaft (24) are equal; a positioning protrusion (27) is radially protruding outward at the main shaft (24) or the handle (25), and the concave edge (27a) of the positioning protrusion (27) for matching the elastic sleeve (26b) is in the shape of a notch that matches the contour curve of the outer wall of the elastic sleeve (26b); when the valve core (22) rotates to a specified angle, a snap fit is formed between the positioning protrusion (27) and the outer wall of the elastic sleeve (26b) at the elastic pin (26a) located at the angle.

5. The bag-turning centrifugal system with solid-liquid discharge switching function according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The valve core (22) is coaxially provided with a sealing ring (28) for improving the sealing effect of the valve cavity relative to the valve body (21); the sealing rings (28) are in two groups and are distributed at both ends of the valve core (22).

6. A bag-turning centrifugal system with solid-liquid discharge switching function according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The ends of the liquid channel and the solid channel (22a) used for connecting to the feed port (21a) are both in a trumpet-shaped shape for easy material reception.

7. The bag-turning centrifugal system with solid-liquid discharge switching function according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A hose section (30) connected to each other is coaxially arranged between the filter cake outlet and the feed inlet (21a).

8. The bag-turning centrifugal system with solid-liquid discharge switching function according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first nozzle (11) is installed on the top surface of the filter cake chamber; the top surface of the mother liquid chamber is provided with a second nozzle (12) for spraying cleaning liquid, and the nozzle of the second nozzle (12) points in the direction of the drum in the mother liquid chamber.

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