Dam fish-tail pier structure

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and specifically discloses a gate dam fish-tail pier structure with strong erosion resistance. The gate dam fish-tail pier structure divides the structure of the fish-tail pier into the upper and middle section of the fish-tail pier, the fish-tail pier foundation section and the fish-tail pier bottom plate section from top to bottom, and pours the fish-tail pier bottom plate section into the pier groove on the bottom plate of the energy dissipation facility. At the same time, anchor tendon bundles with upper and lower ends extending into the fish-tail pier foundation section and the bottom plate of the energy dissipation facility respectively are buried in the fish-tail pier bottom plate section; in this way, not only the strength of the fish-tail pier structure can be enhanced, the possibility that the connection part between the fish-tail pier foundation section and the bottom plate of the energy dissipation facility becomes a weak point can be reduced, and the erosion resistance of the fish-tail pier can be improved; moreover, the integrity of the fish-tail pier and the bottom plate of the energy dissipation facility is strengthened, the frequency and amplitude of the reciprocating vibration of the fish-tail pier caused by the water flow pulsation pressure can be reduced, thereby reducing the possibility of local damage or even toppling of the fish-tail pier, and increasing the economic benefits and safety guarantee of the facility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and particularly relates to a fish-tail pier structure for a sluice dam. Background Art

[0002] To smooth the water flow, a fish-tail pier structure is generally arranged at the connection between the downstream side of the sluice chamber and the energy dissipation facility of the sluice dam. The fish-tail pier is also called a water constriction pier. When pouring the concrete of the energy dissipation facility and the fish-tail pier, generally, after pouring the concrete of the bottom plate of the energy dissipation facility to the design elevation, the concrete of the fish-tail pier is then poured. The existing fish-tail pier structure generally pours the fish-tail pier on the bottom plate of the energy dissipation facility and connects it to the downstream end of the sluice pier. Affected by construction such as chiseling, foundation cleaning, and pouring of the overlying fish-tail pier concrete, the contact surface connection part between the fish-tail pier and the bottom plate of the energy dissipation facility is likely to become a weak surface, and this part is also the part that is particularly severely eroded by water flow and sand and gravel during flood discharge. Under the long-term scouring action of high-speed water flow, the effective cross-section of the connection part between the fish-tail pier and the bottom plate of the energy dissipation facility will decrease; under the action of water flow pulsating pressure and accidental impact of floating objects, there is a possibility of local damage or even toppling of the fish-tail pier. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a fish-tail pier structure for a sluice dam with strong erosion resistance.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a fish-tail pier structure for a sluice dam, including a sluice bottom plate and an energy dissipation facility bottom plate which are respectively arranged on the dam foundation and connected together. A sluice pier is arranged on the sluice bottom plate, and a fish-tail pier is arranged on the energy dissipation facility bottom plate. The fish-tail pier is connected to the downstream end of the sluice pier; a pier groove is opened at the connection between the energy dissipation facility bottom plate and the sluice bottom plate; the fish-tail pier includes a fish-tail pier bottom plate section poured in the pier groove and connected to the sluice bottom plate, a fish-tail pier foundation section poured on the fish-tail pier bottom plate section and connected to the sluice pier, an anchor bar bundle buried in the fish-tail pier bottom plate section and extending into the fish-tail pier foundation section and the energy dissipation facility bottom plate at the upper and lower ends respectively, and a middle and upper section of the fish-tail pier poured on the fish-tail pier foundation section and connected to the sluice pier.

[0005] Further, the width of the narrowest distance between the outer edge of the fish-tail pier foundation section and the outer edge of the fish-tail pier bottom plate section is L1, and L1≥0.5m.

[0006] Further, the height of the closest distance between the top surface of the fish-tail pier foundation section and the top surface of the fish-tail pier bottom plate section is L3, and L3≥3m.

[0007] Furthermore, the strength grade of the concrete for casting the bottom slab section of the fish-tail pier is not lower than C40, the strength grade of the concrete for casting the foundation section of the fish-tail pier is not lower than C40, the strength grade of the concrete for casting the middle and upper sections of the fish-tail pier is not lower than C25, and the difference in the strength grades of the concrete for casting the middle and upper sections of the fish-tail pier and the concrete for casting the foundation section of the fish-tail pier does not exceed three grades.

[0008] Furthermore, a pier-intermediate structural joint is formed between the fish-tail pier and the gate pier, key grooves are provided in the pier-intermediate structural joint, and a water-stop structure and filling materials are provided in the pier-intermediate structural joint.

[0009] Furthermore, there are at least two anchor tendon bundles, which are arranged at equal intervals.

[0010] Furthermore, the depth of the shallowest part of the pier groove is L2, and L2≥1m.

[0011] Furthermore, the pier groove is square in plan view.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By dividing the structure of the fish-tail pier into the middle and upper sections of the fish-tail pier, the foundation section of the fish-tail pier, and the bottom slab section of the fish-tail pier from top to bottom, and by opening a pier groove at the connection between the bottom slab of the energy dissipation facility and the gate bottom slab, casting the bottom slab section of the fish-tail pier in the pier groove, and at the same time burying anchor tendon bundles with upper and lower ends extending into the foundation section of the fish-tail pier and the bottom slab of the energy dissipation facility respectively in the bottom slab section of the fish-tail pier; in this way, not only can the strength of the fish-tail pier structure be enhanced, the possibility that the connection part between the foundation section of the fish-tail pier and the bottom slab of the energy dissipation facility becomes a weak point can be reduced, and the erosion resistance of the fish-tail pier can be improved; moreover, the integrity of the fish-tail pier and the bottom slab of the energy dissipation facility is strengthened, the frequency and amplitude of the reciprocating vibration of the fish-tail pier caused by the water flow pulsation pressure can be reduced, thereby reducing the possibility of local damage or even toppling of the fish-tail pier, and increasing the economic benefits and safety guarantee of the facility. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the plan layout of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram cut along the water flow direction of the present invention;

[0015] In the figure, the markings are: gate pier 1, middle and upper sections of fish-tail pier 2, foundation section of fish-tail pier 3, bottom slab section of fish-tail pier 4, pier-intermediate structural joint 5, slab-intermediate structural joint 6, anchor tendon bundle 7, gate bottom slab 8, bottom slab of energy dissipation facility 9, pier groove 10, dam foundation 11. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0016] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] Combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, the fish-tail pier structure of the sluice dam includes a sluice floor slab 8 and an energy dissipation facility floor slab 9 which are respectively arranged on the dam foundation 11 and connected together. A sluice pier 1 is arranged on the sluice floor slab 8, and a fish-tail pier is arranged on the energy dissipation facility floor slab 9. The fish-tail pier is connected to the downstream end of the sluice pier 1. A pier groove 10 is opened at the connection between the energy dissipation facility floor slab 9 and the sluice floor slab 8. The fish-tail pier includes a fish-tail pier floor slab section 4 cast in the pier groove 10 and connected to the sluice floor slab 8, a fish-tail pier foundation section 3 cast on the fish-tail pier floor slab section 4 and connected to the sluice pier 1, a tendon bundle 7 buried in the fish-tail pier floor slab section 4 with its upper and lower ends respectively extending into the fish-tail pier foundation section 3 and the energy dissipation facility floor slab 9, and a middle and upper section 2 of the fish-tail pier cast on the fish-tail pier foundation section 3 and connected to the sluice pier 1.

[0018] The fish-tail pier structure of the sluice dam divides the structure of the fish-tail pier into the middle and upper section 2 of the fish-tail pier, the fish-tail pier foundation section 3 and the fish-tail pier floor slab section 4 from top to bottom. By opening a pier groove 10 at the connection between the energy dissipation facility floor slab 9 and the sluice floor slab 8, the fish-tail pier floor slab section 4 is cast in the pier groove 10. At the same time, a tendon bundle 7 with its upper and lower ends respectively extending into the fish-tail pier foundation section 3 and the energy dissipation facility floor slab 9 is buried in the fish-tail pier floor slab section 4. Then, the middle and upper section 2 of the fish-tail pier is cast on the fish-tail pier foundation section 3 to form the fish-tail pier structure. In this way, not only can the strength of the fish-tail pier structure be enhanced, the possibility that the connection part between the fish-tail pier foundation section 3 and the energy dissipation facility floor slab 9 becomes a weak point be reduced, and the erosion resistance of the fish-tail pier be improved; moreover, the integrity between the fish-tail pier and the energy dissipation facility floor slab 9 is strengthened, the frequency and amplitude of the reciprocating vibration of the fish-tail pier caused by the water flow pulsation pressure can be reduced, thereby reducing the possibility of local damage or even collapse of the fish-tail pier, and increasing the economic benefits and safety guarantee of the facility.

[0019] Among them, the pier groove 10 is used to fix the fish-tail pier, and it is opened at the part of the energy dissipation facility floor slab 9 close to the sluice floor slab 8. The structure of the pier groove 10 can be various, and preferably a structure with a square top view. The minimum depth of the pier groove 10 is L2. In order to reduce the possibility of the water flow pulsation pressure invading the bottom of the pier groove 10, ensure the fixing effect of the fish-tail pier, and reduce the frequency and amplitude of the reciprocating vibration of the fish-tail pier, it is preferably that L2≥1m. Before casting the fish-tail pier floor slab section 4 in the pier groove 10, it is usually necessary to carry out treatments such as roughening, flushing, air drying, and applying an interface agent to the inner wall and bottom surface of the pier groove 10 in sequence.

[0020] The fish-tail pier floor slab section 4 is the bearing foundation of the fish-tail pier and also the part where the flood discharge scouring is the most frequent. It is cast in the pier groove 10 to strengthen the integrity between the fish-tail pier and the energy dissipation facility floor slab 9. Generally, the fish-tail pier floor slab section 4 is arranged below the elevation of the energy dissipation facility floor slab 9, that is, the top surface of the fish-tail pier floor slab section 4 is not higher than the upper surface of the energy dissipation facility floor slab 9.

[0021] The foundation section 3 of the fish-tail pier is the elevation section where the sand and stones carried by the water flow during flood discharge scour the fish-tail pier most frequently; the height of the closest distance between the top surface of the foundation section 3 of the fish-tail pier and the top surface of the bottom plate section 4 of the fish-tail pier is L3. Considering that the sand and stones carried by the water flow accumulate mostly at the bottom of the water and move turbulently with the water flow, according to engineering experience, the fish-tail pier is most affected by erosion within 3 m above the top surface of the bottom plate 9 of the energy dissipation facility. Therefore, usually L3≥3 m, and the foundation section 3 of the fish-tail pier is cast with concrete of a relatively high strength grade, so as to effectively reduce the degree of damage of the fish-tail pier caused by erosion. When casting the bottom plate section 4 and the foundation section 3 of the fish-tail pier, the concrete should be continuously cast and vibrated densely.

[0022] The middle and upper section 2 of the fish-tail pier is the structural part that smooths the water flow under special flood discharge conditions. The outer contour of the middle and upper section 2 of the fish-tail pier is usually the same as that of the foundation section 3 of the fish-tail pier.

[0023] Again Figure 1 As shown, the width of the narrowest distance between the outer edge of the foundation section 3 of the fish-tail pier and the outer edge of the bottom plate section 4 of the fish-tail pier is L1. Usually, L1≥0.5 m; this can avoid the water flow disorder at the connection part between the fish-tail pier and the bottom plate 9 of the energy dissipation facility, and can also avoid being scoured intensively by sand and stones; the narrowest distance between the outer edge of the foundation section 3 of the fish-tail pier and the outer edge of the bottom plate section 4 of the fish-tail pier generally refers to the positions at both sides of the foundation section 3 of the fish-tail pier and from the downstream end of the foundation section 3 of the fish-tail pier to the outer edge of the bottom plate section 4 of the fish-tail pier; on this basis, in order to reduce the construction difficulty and ensure that the concrete poured in the pier groove 10 for forming the bottom plate section 4 of the fish-tail pier can be vibrated smoothly everywhere during the casting construction, especially the concrete at the edge part, so as to ensure the project quality, it is preferably to make L1 equal to 0.5 m.

[0024] In order to balance the project quality and cost, it is preferably that the strength grade of the concrete for casting the bottom plate section 4 of the fish-tail pier is not lower than C40, the strength grade of the concrete for casting the foundation section 3 of the fish-tail pier is not lower than C40, the strength grade of the concrete for casting the middle and upper section 2 of the fish-tail pier is not lower than C25, and the difference in the strength grade of the concrete for casting the middle and upper section 2 of the fish-tail pier and the strength grade of the concrete for casting the foundation section 3 of the fish-tail pier does not exceed three grades.

[0025] After the concrete of the fish-tail pier is cast, it should be cured according to the heat preservation and moisture preservation requirements specified in the relevant standards; the moisture preservation measures for the fish-tail pier include shielding and covering; the heat preservation measures for the fish-tail pier include embedding cooling water pipes in the concrete for water cooling, sprinkling water, spraying, and water storage curing at the top, etc.

[0026] The anchor tendon bundle 7 is embedded in the bottom slab section 4 of the fish-tail pier. Its upper and lower ends extend into the foundation section 3 of the fish-tail pier and the bottom slab 9 of the energy dissipation facility respectively. It is a reinforcement measure to increase the connection performance between the fish-tail pier and the bottom slab 9 of the energy dissipation facility, and it can achieve the purpose of reducing the frequency and amplitude of the reciprocating vibration of the fish-tail pier. The anchor tendon bundle 7 can be pre-embedded during the casting of the bottom slab 9 of the energy dissipation facility, or it can be arranged by drilling holes in the bottom slab 9 of the energy dissipation facility and inserting and anchoring the reinforcement before casting the bottom slab section 4 of the fish-tail pier. The anchor tendon bundle 7 is usually set to at least two and arranged at equal intervals.

[0027] The set anchor tendon bundle 7 can determine the specific model, length, anchorage length and row and spacing according to the size of the fish-tail pier and the thickness of the bottom slab 9 of the energy dissipation facility. Note: The anchorage length of the anchor tendon bundle 7 should not be less than the minimum anchorage length required by the specification. For example: the anchor tendon bundle of 3C 25mm, 9m long, the anchorage section length is 5m; the anchor tendon bundle of 3C 28mm, 9m long, the anchorage section length is 5m; the anchor tendon bundle of 3C 28mm, 12m long, the anchorage section length is 6m; the anchor tendon bundle of 3C 32mm, 15m long, the anchorage section length is 8m.

[0028] Combined with Figure 2 As shown, the fish-tail pier structure of the sluice dam is usually constructed in the following way:

[0029] First, the concrete of the bottom slab 9 of the energy dissipation facility is poured. When pouring to the elevation of the bottom end of the pre-embedded anchor tendon bundle 7, the anchor tendon bundle 7 is pre-embedded; when pouring the concrete of the bottom slab 9 of the energy dissipation facility to the bottom elevation of the pier groove 10, formwork is set at the side walls around the pier groove 10 to reserve the groove body of the pier groove 10, and then the concrete of the bottom slab 9 of the energy dissipation facility is continuously poured to the design elevation;

[0030] Or, first, the concrete of the bottom slab 9 of the energy dissipation facility is poured. When pouring the concrete of the bottom slab 9 of the energy dissipation facility to the bottom elevation of the pier groove 10, formwork is set at the side walls around the pier groove 10 to reserve the groove body of the pier groove 10, and then the concrete of the bottom slab 9 of the energy dissipation facility is continuously poured to the design elevation. After that, holes are drilled at the bottom of the pier groove 10 and the anchor tendon bundle 7 is inserted into the holes;

[0031] Finally, the formwork is removed, and the side walls and bottom surface of the pier groove 10 are chiseled, washed, dried and then coated with an interface agent; then the concrete of the bottom slab section 4 of the fish-tail pier and the foundation section 3 of the fish-tail pier is continuously poured and cured, and then the concrete of the upper and middle sections 2 of the fish-tail pier is poured on the foundation section 3 of the fish-tail pier and cured.

[0032] Note: The quality of the drilling, inserting and anchoring of the anchor tendon bundle 7 should meet the requirements of relevant standards, and the concrete curing should be carried out according to the requirements of heat preservation and moisture preservation; before pouring all concrete, the contact surface of the lower-layer concrete should be washed and dried and then coated with an interface agent.

[0033] Specifically, for another example Figure 2As shown, a structural joint 5 is formed between the fish-tail pier and the gate pier 1. Key grooves are provided in the structural joint 5, and a water-stop structure and a filling material are provided in the structural joint 5. The water-stop structure provided can be of various types, for example, rubber water-stop, metal water-stop, etc.; the filling material provided can be of various types, for example, asphalt wood board, asphalt hemp rope, polyethylene foam board and other materials or a combination of at least two of the above materials. The width of the structural joint 5 is preferably 2 cm.

Claims

1. The structure of the sluice dam fish-tail pier includes a sluice floor (8) and an energy dissipation facility floor (9) which are respectively arranged on a dam foundation (11) and connected together. A sluice pier (1) is arranged on the sluice floor (8), and a fish-tail pier is arranged on the energy dissipation facility floor (9). The fish-tail pier is connected to the downstream end of the sluice pier (1); it is characterized in that: A pier groove (10) is formed at the connection between the bottom plate (9) of the energy dissipation facility and the bottom plate (8) of the sluice; the fish-tail pier comprises a fish-tail pier bottom plate section (4) cast in the pier groove (10) and connected to the bottom plate (8) of the sluice, a fish-tail pier foundation section (3) cast on the fish-tail pier bottom plate section (4) and connected to the pier (1) of the sluice, an anchor bar bundle (7) buried in the fish-tail pier bottom plate section (4) with its upper and lower ends extending into the fish-tail pier foundation section (3) and the bottom plate (9) of the energy dissipation facility respectively, and a middle and upper section (2) of the fish-tail pier cast on the fish-tail pier foundation section (3) and connected to the pier (1) of the sluice; The fish-tail pier bottom plate section (4) and the fish-tail pier foundation section (3) are formed by continuous casting; The width of the narrowest distance between the outer edge of the fish-tail pier foundation section (3) and the outer edge of the fish-tail pier bottom plate section (4) is L1, and L1≥0.5m.

2. The gate dam fish-tail pier structure according to claim 1, wherein: The height of the closest distance between the top surface of the fish-tail pier foundation section (3) and the top surface of the fish-tail pier bottom plate section (4) is L3, and L3≥3m.

3. The gate dam fish-tail pier structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The strength grade of the concrete for casting the fish-tail pier bottom plate section (4) is not lower than C40, the strength grade of the concrete for casting the fish-tail pier foundation section (3) is not lower than C40, the strength grade of the concrete for casting the middle and upper section (2) of the fish-tail pier is not lower than C25, and the difference in the strength grade of the concrete for casting the middle and upper section (2) of the fish-tail pier and the strength grade of the concrete for casting the fish-tail pier foundation section (3) does not exceed three grades.

4. The gate dam fish-tail pier structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pier-intermediate structural joint (5) is formed between the fish-tail pier and the pier (1) of the sluice. Key grooves are provided in the pier-intermediate structural joint (5), and a water-stop structure and filling material are provided in the pier-intermediate structural joint (5).

5. The gate dam fish-tail pier structure according to claim 1, wherein: The anchor bar bundle (7) has at least two bars and is arranged at equal intervals.

6. The gate dam fish-tail pier structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The depth of the shallowest part of the pier groove (10) is L2, and L2≥1m.

7. The gate dam fish-tail pier structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pier groove (10) is square in plan view.

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