Wedge-shaped Disc Hob and Its Tool Box

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel excavation equipment applications, and specifically relates to a wedge-shaped disc cutter and its cutter box. It includes a cutter body and a cutter box for fixing the cutter body. The cutter body includes a cutter ring and an end cover for sealing the cutter ring. The characteristic is that the end cover includes a sealing part for sealing the cutter ring and a placement part for placing on the cutter box. The placement part is arranged in an irregular plate shape, and there is a notch on the placement part. The notch forms a stepped shape on part of the edge of the placement part. By improving the end cover of the existing disc cutter, the present invention enables it to have the functions of lifting and supporting, bilateral limiting, and rotationally locking the cutter, thereby saving the space of the exposed part of the rotating shaft for support in the traditional design, greatly reducing the width of the cutter. In this way, more cutters can be arranged in a limited space, and the more cutters there are, the stronger the rock-breaking ability of the cutter head, thus improving the rock-breaking ability of large-scale trenchless construction equipment such as shield machines, TBMs, and pipe jacking machines.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel excavation equipment application, and particularly relates to a wedge-shaped disc cutter and its cutter box. Background Art

[0002] A disc cutter is a mining tool for breaking hard rocks, which is installed at the head of large non-excavation construction equipment such as shield machines, TBMs, and pipe jacking machines. Its function is to cut the rock on the working face and peel the rock off the working face. It is widely used in the construction of subway tunnels, railway tunnels, water diversion tunnels, and urban underground pipe networks. Disc cutters are usually divided into single-edge, double-edge, and multi-edge types, and are often installed on the cutter head of a shield machine in a radial or spiral distribution. The shield machine advances forward under the pressure of the jacks, and at the same time, the cutter head of the shield machine rotates. The cutters installed on the cutter head of the shield machine rotate around their own axes under the action of friction and pressure while revolving with the cutter head, so as to produce a rolling cutting effect on the rock surface by the cutting edge of the cutter ring.

[0003] The existing disc cutters mainly include a cutter ring, an end cover, and a cutter shaft. When fixing, the cutter shaft is fixed on the cutter box. During the fixing process, it is necessary to press the cutter shaft, and the installation is relatively cumbersome. Since the cutter is a consumable part, generally a batch of cutters need to be replaced after tunneling for dozens of meters, which results in several days of time required for each replacement, seriously restricting the construction efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the technical problems existing in the installation of the above-mentioned disc cutter, the invention provides a wedge-shaped disc cutter and its cutter box with reasonable design, simple structure, convenient installation, and effective improvement of construction efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the invention is that the invention provides a wedge-shaped disc cutter and its cutter box, including a cutter body and a cutter box for fixing the cutter body. The cutter body includes a cutter ring and an end cover. The end cover includes a sealing part for sealing the cutter ring and a placing part for placing on the cutter box. The placing part is arranged in an irregular plate shape, and a notch is provided on the placing part. The notch forms a stepped shape on part of the edge of the placing part. The notch includes an arc-shaped notch provided at one end of the placing part and a polygonal notch provided at the end of the placing part far from the arc-shaped notch. The cutter ring is rotatably arranged relative to the sealing part. The cutter box includes a left cutter box and a right cutter box arranged on both sides of the cutter body. Fixing grooves for arranging the placing part are provided on the left cutter box and the right cutter box. The fixing grooves are arranged in cooperation with the placing part. Wedges for locking the end cover are provided on both the left cutter box and the right cutter box. The wedges are detachably arranged on the left cutter box and the right cutter box.

[0006] Preferably, the top surface of the wedge is in contact with the placing part.

[0007] Preferably, the top of the wedge block is provided with an inclined surface, and the contact surface between the placement part and the wedge block is provided with an inclined surface.

[0008] Preferably, the contact surface between the placement part and the wedge block is arranged close to the arc-shaped notch.

[0009] Preferably, the left tool box and the right tool box are detachably and fixedly connected to the wedge block through bolts, and bolt holes are provided at the bottom of the wedge block.

[0010] Preferably, a tightening bolt is arranged on the placement part, the end face of the tightening bolt is arranged close to the wedge block, and the tightening bolt is in threaded connection with the placement part.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0012] 1. The present invention provides a wedge block disc cutter and its tool box. By improving the end cover of the existing disc cutter, it has the functions of lifting support, bilateral limit and rotationally locking the cutter, thus saving the space of the exposed part of the rotating shaft for support in the traditional design, greatly reducing the width of the cutter. In this way, more cutters can be arranged in a limited space. The more cutters there are, the stronger the rock-breaking ability of the cutter head, thereby improving the rock-breaking ability of large non-excavation construction equipment such as shield machines, TBMs, and pipe jacking machines. At the same time, by improving the end cover, the purpose of facilitating the installation of the cutter is also achieved, the installation efficiency of the cutter is improved, and thus the construction efficiency is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0014] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the wedge block disc cutter and its tool box provided in Embodiment 1;

[0015] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the disc cutter provided in Embodiment 1;

[0016] Figure 3 FIG. 3 is an exploded view between the wedge block and the left tool box provided in Embodiment 1;

[0017] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the wedge block disc cutter and its tool box provided in Embodiment 1;

[0018] Figure 5 FIG. 5 is the first step diagram in the schematic diagram of the installation steps provided in Embodiment 1;

[0019] Figure 6 The second step diagram in the installation step diagram provided for Example 1;

[0020] Figure 7 The third step diagram in the installation step diagram provided for Example 1;

[0021] Figure 8 The fourth step diagram in the installation step diagram provided for Example 1;

[0022] Figure 9 The fifth step diagram in the installation step diagram provided for Example 1;

[0023] Figure 10 The end diagram of the installation in the installation step diagram provided for Example 1;

[0024] Figure 11 The structural diagram of the installation of multiple groups of hob cutters provided for the embodiment;

[0025] In the above figures, 1 is the hob body; 11 is the cutter ring; 2 is the end cover; 21 is the placement part; 22 is the arc-shaped notch; 23 is the polygonal notch; 24 is the inclined surface; 3 is the rotating shaft; 4 is the left cutter box; 5 is the right cutter box; 6 is the fixing groove; 7 is the wedge block; 8 is the bolt; 9 is the tightening bolt. Detailed implementation manners

[0026] In order to more clearly understand the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0027] In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to fully understand the present invention. However, the present invention can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed in the following specification.

[0028] Example 1, as Figures 1 to 11 shown, the purpose of this embodiment is to provide a hob cutter that can achieve rapid installation to improve the construction efficiency. To this end, the wedge block 7 disc hob cutter and its cutter box provided in this embodiment include a hob body 1 and a cutter box for fixing the hob body 1. Among them, the hob body 1 includes a cutter ring 11 and an end cover 2. The positional relationships of the above structures are all existing mature technologies. Therefore, in this embodiment, no detailed description will be given.

[0029] In this embodiment, the key improvement lies in modifying the structure of the traditional end cap 2. Specifically, the end cap 2 provided in this embodiment includes a sealing portion for sealing the cutter ring 11 and a placement portion 21 for placing on the cutter box. Among them, the sealing portion is the end cap 2 part of the traditional hob. Since in this embodiment, in order to improve the installation speed, the exposed part of the rotating shaft 3 used for support in the traditional hob body 1 is omitted. Therefore, the placement portion 21 cannot rotate. Therefore, during implementation, if the entire end cap 2 adopts an integral structure, then a rotating structure needs to be added between the end cap 2 and the cutter ring 11. For example, a bearing is added between the end cap 2 and the cutter ring 11, or a structure of an annular edge and an annular groove is formed between the end cap 2 and the cutter ring 11. Considering the rotation of the hob, therefore, a bearing structure design is preferably added. Considering the high cost of the bearing between the end cap 2 and the cutter ring 11, it is better to design the end cap 2 as a split structure, that is, the sealing portion and the placement portion 21 are connected through a bearing. In this way, when the placement portion 21 no longer rotates, both the cutter ring 11 and the sealing portion of the hob can rotate.

[0030] Considering the role played by the placement portion 21 is mainly to replace the exposed part of the traditional rotating shaft 3, it needs to satisfy the functions of both lifting and supporting, bilateral limiting, and rotationally locking the hob, and at the same time, it also needs to have the function of quick installation. Therefore, in this embodiment, the placement portion 21 is arranged in an irregular plate shape. The so-called plate shape here is a structural design similar to a rectangle. This design facilitates the placement portion 21 to enter the cutter box when it is vertical (the long side is vertical), and when it is in a horizontal state (the long side is horizontal), it is convenient to lock in the cutter box.

[0031] In order to limit the movement of the placement portion 21 in the cutter box and at the same time facilitate its rotation from a vertical state to a horizontal state, a notch is provided on the placement portion 21. The main purpose of the notch is to form a stepped shape on a part of the edge of the placement portion 21. In this way, it can better play the role of limiting, limit the entire hob in the cutter box to prevent it from detaching, and considering rotation, the notch includes an arc-shaped notch 22 provided at one end of the placement portion 21 and a polygon-shaped notch 23 provided at the end of the placement portion 21 far from the arc-shaped notch 22. In this embodiment, the arc-shaped notch 22 and the polygon-shaped notch 23 are arranged at a diagonal angle. Among them, the central angle corresponding to the arc length of the arc-shaped notch 22 is set to be greater than 90°. Similarly, a certain arc-shaped setting is also made for the step formed by it. The purpose of this is to facilitate rotation, thereby improving the efficiency during installation and disassembly. The polygon-shaped notch 23 is a hexagon, and among them, five sides are used to contact the placement portion 21 because the more sides there are, the more limiting there is, and the more stable the fixation of the placement portion 21 is. Of course, it cannot be too many, as too many will affect installation and disassembly.

[0032] Similarly, the tool box includes a left tool box 4 and a right tool box 5 disposed on both sides of the hob body 1. The left tool box 4 and the right tool box 5 are both arranged in a cuboid shape like the existing tool boxes. Different from the existing ones, fixing grooves 6 for arranging the placing part 21 are provided on the opposite surfaces of the left tool box 4 and the right tool box 5. The fixing grooves 6 penetrate vertically, and the shape of the inner wall thereof fits the placing part 21. The vertical penetration of the fixing grooves 6 facilitates the installation and disassembly when the placing part 21 is in a vertical state, while the horizontal part does not penetrate, which is to meet the requirement that the inner wall shape fits the placing part 21.

[0033] Since the placing part 21 is fixed by rotation in the fixing grooves 6 on the left tool box 4 and the right tool box 5, if the placing part 21 is not restricted, during the rotation of the hob, it will definitely drive the placing part 21 to rotate, resulting in the hob falling off and causing harm. For this reason, wedges 7 for locking the end cover 2 are provided on both the left tool box 4 and the right tool box 5. For the disassembly of the hob, the wedges are detachably arranged on the left tool box 4 and the right tool box 5. In order to achieve rotation restriction, the wedges 7 need to contact and press against the placing part 21 to achieve limit. In this embodiment, the top surface of the wedge 7 is in contact with the placing part 21. Specifically, in this embodiment, the cross-section of the wedge 7 is trapezoidal, and among them, its top line and bottom line are horizontal oblique lines. In this way, an inclined groove is provided on one side of the fixing groove 6, so that the wedge can be inserted into the fixing groove 6 obliquely and contact the placing part 21 to complete the limit.

[0034] Of course, when the top of the wedge 7 is provided with an inclined surface 24, the contact surface between the placing part 21 and the wedge 7 is also provided with an inclined surface 24. Only in this way, the limiting effect is the best.

[0035] Considering the convenience of installation, the contact surface between the placing part 21 and the wedge 7 is arranged close to the arc-shaped notch 22. In this way, when the wedge 7 is taken out, rotate the side of the placing part 21 away from the contact surface, and utilize the arc generated by the arc-shaped notch 22 to quickly rotate the placing part 21, thereby realizing the quick installation of the hob.

[0036] In order to fix the wedge 7, the left tool box 4 and the right tool box 5 are detachably and fixedly connected to the wedge 7 through bolts 8, and bolt holes are provided at the bottom of the wedge 7. Similarly, bolt holes are also provided at the bottoms of the left tool box 4 and the right tool box 5 to realize the fixation of the wedge 7.

[0037] Considering that the wedge 7 is inserted into the fixing groove 6 from the inclined groove to realize the limit of the placing part 21, although there are bolts 8 for a certain fixation, from the perspective of stable fixation, in this embodiment, a tightening bolt 9 is provided on the placing part 21, and the tightening bolt 9 is arranged close to the end face of the wedge 7. The tightening bolt 9 is threadedly connected to the placing part 21. The position of the tightening bolt 9 mainly restricts the wedge 7 from slipping from the position of the inclined groove. In this way, using two-point limit can achieve a better limit and fixation purpose.

[0038] With the above settings, the placement portion 21 of the end cap 2 replaces the exposed part of the transmission rotating shaft 3. In this way, the width of the entire hob is reduced, allowing more hobs to be placed in a unit space. Similarly, since more hobs are placed in a unit space, more breaking points are formed and the breaking effect is better. In this way, not only can the purpose of quick installation be achieved, but also the breaking effect is better, achieving multiple purposes at once.

[0039] As Figure 11 shown, in a tool box where multiple hobs are installed simultaneously, the main difference between the middle tool box and the left tool box 4 and the right tool box 5 is that fixing grooves 6 are provided on both sides. In this way, it can accommodate the installation of hobs on both sides, facilitating the arrangement of multiple hobs.

[0040] During specific installation, as Figures 5 to 10 shown, first rotate the placement portion 21 until its long side is in a vertical state, and then move it upward from the bottom of the tool box. After the hob is moved into the tool box, rotate the placement portion 21 so that the long side of the placement portion 21 is in a horizontal state.

[0041] Then insert the wedge 7 from the inclined slot into the fixing groove 6. After the wedge 7 abuts against the placement portion 21, install the bolt 8 from the bottom of the tool box to form a fixation with the wedge 7. Finally, fix the tightening bolt 9 in the threaded hole on the placement portion 21 to complete the installation of the wedge 7. Similarly, during disassembly, just follow the reverse steps.

[0042] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not a limitation of the present invention in other forms. Any person skilled in the art may use the disclosed technical content to make changes or modifications into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes and apply them to other fields. However, as long as it does not depart from the technical solution content of the present invention, any simple modification, equivalent change, and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wedge-shaped disc hob and its tool box, comprising a hob body and a tool box for fixing the hob body, wherein the hob body includes a cutter ring and an end cover, and is characterized in that, The end cover includes a sealing portion for sealing the cutter ring and a placement portion for placement on the cutter box. The placement portion is arranged in an irregular plate shape. A notch is provided on the placement portion, and the notch forms a stepped shape on a part of the edge of the placement portion. The notch includes an arc-shaped notch provided at one end of the placement portion and a polygonal notch provided at the end of the placement portion away from the arc-shaped notch. The central angle corresponding to the arc length of the arc-shaped notch is set to be greater than 90°. The cutter ring is rotatably arranged relative to the sealing portion. The cutter box includes a left cutter box and a right cutter box arranged on both sides of the hob body. Fixed grooves for arranging the placement portion are provided on the left cutter box and the right cutter box, and the fixed grooves are arranged in cooperation with the placement portion. Wedges for locking the end cover are provided on both the left cutter box and the right cutter box, and the wedges are detachably arranged on the left cutter box and the right cutter box.

2. The wedge-shaped disc hob and its tool box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top surface of the wedge is in contact with the placement portion.

3. The wedge-shaped disc hob and its tool box according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the wedge is provided with an inclined surface, and the contact surface between the placement portion and the wedge is provided with an inclined surface.

4. The wedge-shaped disc hob and its tool box according to claim 3, characterized in that, The contact surface between the placement portion and the wedge is arranged close to the arc-shaped notch.

5. The wedge-shaped disc hob and its tool housing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The left cutter box and the right cutter box are detachably and fixedly connected to the wedge by bolts, and bolt holes are provided at the bottom of the wedge.

6. The wedge-shaped disk hob and its tool block according to claim 5, characterized in that, Tightening bolts are provided on the placement portion, and the tightening bolts are arranged close to the end face of the wedge. The tightening bolts are threadedly connected to the placement portion.

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