Method for measuring the center of main shaft of hydraulic turbine

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for measuring the center of a main shaft of a water turbine. First, the orientation of the tubular seat and the main shaft, the orientation of the inner guide ring and the main shaft are determined before the unit is dismantled, before and after the runner is dismantled, and before and after the rotor is dismantled. The original data of the distance between the main shaft and the tubular seat, the inner guide ring, and the inner guide ring extension section are measured using an internal micrometer at the four orientations of +X, -X, +Y, and -Y at the three positions of the tubular seat, the inner guide ring, and the inner guide ring extension section; then, during the process of reinstalling the main shaft of the unit, the measurement is re-performed according to the above orientations, and the orientation and amplitude of the adjustment are determined by comparison based on the measured data. The present invention determines the orientation and amplitude of the adjustment by comparison based on the measured data, which can greatly improve the efficiency and accuracy of equipment measurement and adjustment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hydropower generation, and in particular to a method for measuring the center of a main shaft of a water turbine. Background Art

[0002] In order to ensure the safe and stable operation of the unit during installation or overhaul, the main shaft center of the bulb-type cross-flow unit hydro-generator unit must be determined first during installation or overhaul before the generator, turbine, runner room and other equipment can be installed or adjusted to ensure that the vibration and swing of the unit meet the requirements of relevant regulations after installation or overhaul, to prevent serious equipment accidents such as uneven bearing force, excessive unit vibration swing, or even stator or runner boring caused by improper adjustment of the main shaft center. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for measuring the center of a turbine main shaft which is simple to detect and can quickly determine the center of the main shaft in view of the above-mentioned defects in the prior art.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A method for measuring the center of a main shaft of a water turbine is characterized in that it includes the following steps: step 1, determining the orientation of the tubular seat and the main shaft, the orientation of the inner guide ring and the main shaft before the unit is dismantled, before and after the runner is dismantled, and before and after the rotor is dismantled, and using an inside diameter micrometer to measure the original data of the distance between the main shaft and the tubular seat, the inner guide ring, and the inner guide ring extension at the four orientations of +X, -X, +Y and -Y of the three positions of the tubular seat, the inner guide ring, and the inner guide ring extension; step 2, during the reinstallation of the main shaft of the unit, re-measure according to the orientation of step 1, and determine the orientation and amplitude of the adjustment by comparison based on the measured data.

[0006] Further, step one includes the following steps: 1) selecting measuring points at the upstream and downstream of the tubular seat, the inner guide ring and the inner guide ring extension, marking the selected measuring points, and then measuring and recording the relative distances between the main shaft and the tubular seat, the inner guide ring and the inner guide ring extension and the horizontality of the main shaft before removing the runner and rotor of the unit; 2) after removing the runner and rotor, re-measuring and recording the relative distances between the main shaft and the tubular seat, the inner guide ring and the inner guide ring extension; 3) measuring the horizontality of the main shaft on the upstream side of the water guide bearing and the downstream side of the combined bearing, making records, and marking the measuring points on the main shaft; 4) measuring and recording the inclination of the flange surface of the turbine on the downstream side of the main shaft, and marking it.

[0007] Furthermore, in step 1), step 3) and step 4), the marking method is proofing and punching marking.

[0008] Furthermore, in step 3), a frame level is used to measure the horizontality of the main shaft at the upstream side of the water-guided bearing and the downstream side of the combined bearing.

[0009] Furthermore, in step 4), the inclination of the flange surface of the large shaft is measured using a piano wire.

[0010] Furthermore, step 2 includes the following steps: 1) before installing the runner and the rotor, hoist the component bearings and the water-guided bearings into the foundation pit together with the main shaft, then measure the relative distances between the main shaft and the tubular seat, the inner guide ring and the inner guide ring extension, and compare and analyze with the original data in step 1 to calculate the adjustment direction and adjustment value of the inner guide ring; 2) lift the water-guided bearing downstream of the main shaft to separate the water-guided bearing from the inner guide ring, so that the inner guide ring does not bear pressure, and adjust the position of the inner guide ring according to the analyzed and calculated data; 3) pre-tighten some connecting bolts between the inner guide ring and the tubular seat, put down the lifted main shaft, and drop the main shaft water-guided bearing bracket on the inner guide ring so that the inner guide ring The ring bears the weight of the large shaft; 4) Measure the relative distance between the large shaft and the tubular seat, the inner guide ring, and the inner guide ring extension, and compare and analyze with the measurement data before disassembly, and calculate the adjustment direction and adjustment value of the inner guide ring again; 5) Repeat the above operation process until the adjustment measurement data is consistent with the measurement data before disassembly; 6) Tighten the entire circle of bolts between the inner guide ring and the tubular seat, and remeasure the distance between the large wheelbase and the tubular seat, the horizontality of the large shaft, and the inclination of the large shaft; 7) After the measurement and adjustment are qualified, drill the pin holes of the inner guide ring and the tubular seat, and assemble the pins; 8) After the impeller and rotor are fully installed, remeasure the distance between the large shaft and the tubular seat for the last time, and compare it with the measurement data before the impeller and rotor are disassembled.

[0011] Furthermore, in step 2), a jack is used to lift up the downstream water guide bearing of the main shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, in step 2), the position of the inner guide ring is adjusted using a jack and a hand winch.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0014] The present invention determines the orientation of the tubular seat and the main shaft, the orientation of the inner guide ring and the main shaft before the unit is dismantled, before and after the runner is dismantled, and before and after the rotor is dismantled, and measures the original data of the distances between the main shaft and the tubular seat, the inner guide ring, and the inner guide ring extension section at four X, Y orientations of the tubular seat, the inner guide ring, and the inner guide ring extension section. Since the tubular seat of the bulb cross-flow type unit is permanently fixed, the center position of the main shaft can be indirectly determined by determining the center position of the main shaft relative to the tubular seat before and after the removal. During the reinstallation of the main shaft of the unit, the unit is re-measured according to the orientation before the unit was overhauled, and the orientation and amplitude of the adjustment are determined by comparison based on the measured data, which can greatly improve the efficiency and accuracy of equipment measurement and adjustment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or related technical descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only relate to some embodiments of the present invention and are not limitations of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the method for measuring the center of the turbine main shaft.

[0017] Numbers in the figure: 1, main shaft; 2, tubular seat; 3, inner guide ring; 4, inner guide ring extension section; 5, water-guide bearing; 6, water-guide bearing bracket; 7, combined bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail in a non-limiting manner in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, the main shaft center measurement method of the present invention determines the orientation of the tubular seat 2 and the main shaft 1, the orientation of the inner guide ring 3 and the main shaft 1 before the unit is dismantled, before and after the runner is dismantled, and before and after the rotor is dismantled, and measures the original data of the distance between the main shaft 1 and the tubular seat 2, the inner guide ring 3, and the inner guide ring extension 4 at the four orientations of +X, -X, +Y and -Y of the three positions of the tubular seat 2, the inner guide ring 3, and the inner guide ring extension 4. During the reinstallation of the main shaft 1 of the unit, the unit is re-measured according to the orientation before the unit is overhauled, and the orientation and amplitude of the adjustment are determined by comparison based on the measured data, which can greatly improve the efficiency and accuracy of equipment measurement and adjustment.

[0020] 1. Measurement before dismantling the unit.

[0021] 1) Select measuring points at the upstream and downstream of the tubular seat 2, the inner guide ring and the inner to ring extension, polish and punch the selected measuring points, and then use a qualified inner diameter micrometer to measure the relative distance between the main shaft 1 and the tubular seat 2 in the four directions of +X, -X, +Y and -Y before removing the runner and rotor of the unit ( Figure 1 J1 and J1' are the measured values ​​in the +Y and -Y directions), the relative distances between the main axis 1 and the inner catheter 3 in the four directions of +X, -X, +Y and -Y ( Figure 1 J2 and J2' are the measured values ​​in the +Y and -Y directions), the relative distances between the main shaft 1 and the inner guide ring extension section 4 in the four directions of +X, -X, +Y and -Y ( Figure 1 J3 and J3' are the measured values ​​in the +Y and -Y directions) and the horizontality of the main axis 1. Record the data according to Table 1.

[0022] Table 1 Main axis center measurement and adjustment record

[0023]

[0024] 2) After removing the runner and rotor, clean the measuring point with alcohol first, then re-measure and record the relative distance between the main shaft 1 and the tubular seat 2, the inner guide ring 3 and the inner guide ring extension section 4.

[0025] 3) Use a frame level to measure the level of the main shaft 1 on the upstream side of the water-guided bearing 5 and the downstream side of the combined bearing 7, make a record, and punch holes at the measuring points on the main shaft 1.

[0026] 4) At the turbine flange surface on the downstream side of the main shaft 1, use a piano wire to measure the inclination J4 in the +Y direction and the inclination J4' in the -Y direction of the main shaft flange surface, record the data in the above table, and mark the measuring points.

[0027] 2. Reinstallation measurement and adjustment

[0028] 1) Before installing the runner and rotor, hoist the component bearings and water-guided bearings 5 ​​into the foundation pit together with the main shaft 1, then clean the measuring points with alcohol, measure the relative distances between the main shaft 1 and the tubular seat 2, the inner guide ring 3 and the inner guide ring extension 4, and compare and analyze them with the original data in step 1 to calculate the adjustment direction and adjustment value of the inner guide ring 3. The specific operation method is: compare the data before disassembly with the data after reinstallation. If the data becomes larger after disassembly, it should be adjusted in the opposite direction; if the +Y direction becomes larger and the -Y direction becomes smaller, it means that the inner guide ring sinks, and the inner guide ring should be lifted up by a hydraulic jack and adjusted in the +Y direction to make the +Y direction data smaller and close to the data before repair.

[0029] 2) Lift the downstream water guide bearing 5 of the main shaft 1 with a jack to separate the water guide bearing 5 from the inner guide ring 3. The inner guide ring 3 is not under pressure. According to the data analyzed and calculated, use a jack and a hand winch to adjust the position of the inner guide ring 3.

[0030] 3) After adjustment, pre-tighten some of the connecting bolts between the inner guide ring 3 and the tubular seat 2, lower the jack that lifts the main shaft, and drop the main shaft onto the inner guide ring 3 through the water guide shoe and water guide bearing bracket 6, so that the inner guide ring 3 bears the weight of the main shaft.

[0031] 4) Re-measure the relative distance between the main shaft 1 and the tubular seat 2, and compare and analyze it with the measurement data before disassembly, and calculate the adjustment direction and adjustment value of the inner guide ring 3 again according to the specific operation method in 1).

[0032] 5) Repeat the process from 1) to 4) until the adjusted measurement data is consistent with the measurement data before disassembly.

[0033] 6) Tighten the entire circle of bolts between the inner guide ring 3 and the tubular seat 1, and remeasure the distance between the main shaft 1 and the tubular seat 2, the horizontality of the main shaft, and the inclination of the main shaft.

[0034] 7) After qualified measurement and adjustment, drill the pin holes of the inner guide ring 3 and the tubular seat 1 and assemble the pins.

[0035] 8) After the runner and rotor are fully installed, remeasure the distance between the main shaft 1 and the tubular seat 2, the inner guide ring 3 and the inner guide ring extension 4 for the last time, and compare them with the measured data before the runner and rotor are disassembled.

[0036] The measuring method of the present invention is simple and does not require scaffolding. It only requires finding a measuring point at the tubular seat, polishing, and proofing and marking. The measured data is intuitive and obvious, and the position adjustment of the inner guide ring is simple and easy, which greatly saves the maintenance period.

[0037] It should be pointed out that the above preferred embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable people familiar with the technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and they cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the center of a main shaft of a hydraulic turbine, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Before the unit is dismantled, before and after the runner is dismantled, and before and after the rotor is dismantled, determine the orientation of the tubular seat and the main shaft, and the orientation of the inner guide ring and the main shaft, and use an inside micrometer to measure the original data of the distance between the main shaft and the tubular seat, the inner guide ring, and the inner guide ring extension at the four positions of +X, -X, +Y and -Y of the tubular seat, the inner guide ring, and the inner guide ring extension to determine the relative position of the main shaft and the tubular seat; Step 2: During the reinstallation of the main shaft of the unit, re-measure according to the position in step 1, and compare the measured data to determine the position and amplitude of adjustment; The step 1 comprises the following steps: 1) Select measuring points at the upstream and downstream of the tubular seat, the inner guide ring and the inner guide ring extension, mark the selected measuring points, and then measure and record the relative distances between the main shaft and the tubular seat, the inner guide ring and the inner guide ring extension, as well as the horizontality of the main shaft before removing the runner and rotor of the unit; 2) After removing the runner and rotor, re-measure and record the relative distances between the main shaft and the tubular seat, the inner guide ring and the inner guide ring extension; 3) Measure the horizontality of the main shaft on the upstream side of the water-guided bearing and the downstream side of the combined bearing, make a record, and mark the measuring points on the main shaft; 4) Measure and record the inclination of the turbine flange surface on the downstream side of the main shaft, and mark the measuring point; The step 2 comprises the following steps: 1) Before installing the runner and rotor, hoist the combined bearing and water-guided bearing into the foundation pit together with the main shaft, then measure the relative distance between the main shaft and the tubular seat, the inner guide ring and the inner guide ring extension, and compare and analyze with the original data in step 1 to calculate the adjustment direction and adjustment value of the inner guide ring; 2) Lift up the water guide bearing downstream of the main shaft to separate the water guide bearing from the inner guide ring. The inner guide ring is not under pressure and the position of the inner guide ring is adjusted according to the data analyzed and calculated; 3) Pre-tighten some connecting bolts between the inner guide ring and the tubular seat, lower the main shaft, and place the main shaft water guide bearing bracket on the inner guide ring so that the inner guide ring bears the weight of the main shaft; 4) Measure the relative distance between the main shaft and the tube seat, compare and analyze it with the original data in step 1, and calculate the adjustment direction and adjustment value of the inner guide ring again; 5) Repeat the above steps 1) to 4) until the adjusted measurement data is consistent with the original data in step 1; 6) Tighten the entire circle of bolts between the inner guide ring and the tubular seat, and re-measure the distance between the large wheelbase and the tubular seat, the horizontality of the large axis, and the inclination of the large axis; 7) After qualified measurement and adjustment, drill pin holes on the inner guide ring and the tube seat and assemble the pins; 8) After the runner and rotor are fully installed, remeasure the distance between the main shaft and the tubular seat, the inner guide ring and the inner guide ring extension, and compare them with the measured data before disassembly of the runner and rotor.

2. The method for measuring the center of the main shaft of a hydraulic turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the steps 1), 3) and 4), the marking method is punching and marking.

3. The method for measuring the center of a main shaft of a hydraulic turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 13), a frame level is used to measure the horizontality of the main shaft at the upstream side of the water-guided bearing and the downstream side of the combined bearing.

4. The method for measuring the center of a main shaft of a hydraulic turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 14), the inclination of the flange surface of the downstream turbine is measured using a piano wire.

5. The method for measuring the center of a main shaft of a hydraulic turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 2), a jack is used to lift up the downstream water guide bearing of the main shaft.

6. The method for measuring the center of a main shaft of a hydraulic turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2), the position of the inner guide ring is adjusted using a jack and a hand winch.

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