Wideband antennas for 5G millimeter waves

Abstract

The present invention provides a broadband antenna for 5G millimeter wave, comprising a substrate, a first antenna, a second antenna, an impedance matching segment and a ground layer. The substrate comprises a first surface and a second surface. The first antenna comprises two first frequency band units, which are respectively arranged on the first surface and the second surface. The second antenna comprises two second frequency band units, which are respectively arranged on the first surface and the second surface. The impedance matching segment is electrically connected to one of the first frequency band units arranged on the first surface. The ground layer is electrically connected to another first frequency band unit arranged on the second surface. When the first antenna is working, the second antenna is regarded as a director; when the second antenna is working, the first antenna is regarded as a reflector. Thereby, a bandwidth that fully covers the 5G millimeter wave NR (newradio) frequency band is provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a broadband antenna, and in particular to a broadband antenna applied to 5G millimeter waves. Background Art

[0002] In order to achieve higher transmission rates, the 5G communication system has developed a new radio (NR), and one of the frequency ranges of the new radio NR is FR2 (Frequency Range 2). The low frequency range of this frequency range FR2 is 24.25GHz~29.5GHz, and the high frequency range is 37GHz~43.5GHz. The FR2 frequency range includes frequency bands within the millimeter wave (Millimeter Wave; mmWave) range.

[0003] Currently, 5G antennas mostly use patch antennas, which have a simpler structure and higher directivity. Since the bandwidth of patch antennas is relatively narrow, they need to rely on the feeding structure and medium setting to achieve broadband effects. However, the feeding structure and medium setting are relatively complex.

[0004] From this, we can see that the market currently lacks a low-complexity, highly directive, small-sized broadband antenna for 5G millimeter waves, so relevant practitioners are all looking for solutions. Summary of the invention

[0005] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a broadband antenna for 5G millimeter wave, which has a first frequency band unit of a first antenna and a second frequency band unit of a second antenna on the first surface and the second surface of the substrate, covering a larger bandwidth range.

[0006] According to one embodiment of the structural type of the present invention, a broadband antenna for 5G millimeter wave is provided, comprising a substrate, a first antenna, a second antenna, an impedance matching line segment and a ground layer. The substrate comprises a first surface and a second surface. The second surface is opposite to the first surface. The first antenna comprises two first frequency band units. The two first frequency band units are respectively arranged on the first surface and the second surface. The second antenna is spaced apart from the first antenna and comprises two second frequency band units. The two second frequency band units are respectively arranged on the first surface and the second surface. The impedance matching line segment is arranged on the first surface and is electrically connected to one of the first frequency band units arranged on the first surface. The ground layer is arranged on the second surface and is electrically connected to another first frequency band unit arranged on the second surface. When the first antenna is working, the second antenna is regarded as a director; when the second antenna is working, the first antenna is regarded as a reflector.

[0007] Thus, the broadband antenna for 5G millimeter waves of the present invention has the first frequency band unit and the second frequency band unit disposed on the first surface and the second surface of the substrate, and has the characteristics of small size, large bandwidth and high directivity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] Figure 1 A perspective schematic diagram showing a wideband antenna applied to 5G millimeter waves according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0009] Figure 2 Show according to Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a first surface of a wideband antenna applied to 5G millimeter waves according to an embodiment;

[0010] Figure 3 Show according to Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a second surface of a wideband antenna applied to 5G millimeter waves according to an embodiment;

[0011] Figure 4 Show according to Figure 1 A schematic diagram of measuring loop loss of a wideband antenna applied to 5G millimeter waves according to an implementation method;

[0012] Figure 5 Show according to Figure 1 A Smith chart of a first antenna of a wideband antenna applied to 5G millimeter waves according to an embodiment;

[0013] Figure 6 Show according to Figure 1 A Smith chart of a second antenna of a wideband antenna applied to 5G millimeter waves according to an embodiment;

[0014] Figure 7 Show according to Figure 1 A schematic diagram of current distribution of a broadband antenna applied to 5G millimeter waves when the operating frequency is 28 GHz according to an implementation method; and

[0015] Figure 8 Show according to Figure 1 Schematic diagram of current distribution of a broadband antenna applied to 5G millimeter waves according to an implementation method when the operating frequency is 39 GHz.

[0016] Description of reference numerals:

[0017] 100: Broadband Antenna

[0018] 110: Substrate

[0019] 112: First surface

[0020] 114: Second Surface

[0021] 120: First antenna

[0022] 122: First frequency band unit

[0023] 124: First feed point

[0024] 130: Second Antenna

[0025] 132: Second frequency band unit

[0026] 134: Second feeding point

[0027] 140: Impedance matching line segment

[0028] 150: Ground layer

[0029] a: first line segment

[0030] b: Second line segment

[0031] c: The third line segment

[0032] d: fourth line segment

[0033] e: The fifth line segment

[0034] f: Parallel frame segments

[0035] f1: long line segment

[0036] f2: wide line segment

[0037] m1,m2,m3: measuring points

[0038] L 132 ,L a ,L b ,L d ,L e :length DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 , Figure 1 A perspective schematic diagram showing a wideband antenna 100 applied to 5G millimeter waves according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 Show according to Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a first surface 112 of a wideband antenna 100 for 5G millimeter waves according to an embodiment; and Figure 3 Show according to Figure 1Schematic diagram of the second surface 114 of the broadband antenna 100 applied to 5G millimeter waves in an embodiment. The broadband antenna 100 applied to 5G millimeter waves includes a substrate 110, a first antenna 120, a second antenna 130, an impedance matching segment 140 and a ground layer 150. The substrate 110 includes a first surface 112 and a second surface 114. The second surface 114 is opposite to the first surface 112. The first antenna 120 includes two first frequency band units 122. The two first frequency band units 122 are respectively disposed on the first surface 112 and the second surface 114. The second antenna 130 is spaced apart from the first antenna 120 and includes two second frequency band units 132. The two second frequency band units 132 are respectively disposed on the first surface 112 and the second surface 114. The impedance matching segment 140 is disposed on the first surface 112 and is electrically connected to one of the first frequency band units 122 disposed on the first surface 112. The ground layer 150 is disposed on the second surface 114 and is electrically connected to another first frequency band unit 122 disposed on the second surface 114. When the first antenna 120 is working, the second antenna 130 can be regarded as a director; when the second antenna 130 is working, the first antenna 120 can be regarded as a reflector. Thus, the broadband antenna 100 applied to 5G millimeter waves of the present invention is provided with the first frequency band unit 122 and the second frequency band unit 132 on both the first surface 112 and the second surface 114 of the substrate 110, and has the characteristics of small size, large bandwidth and high directivity.

[0040] Specifically, when the first antenna 120 transmits a signal, the second antenna 130 can be regarded as a director of the first antenna 120, increasing the directivity of the first antenna 120 in the z-axis direction; when the second antenna 130 radiates, the first antenna 120 can be regarded as a reflector of the second antenna 130, increasing the gain. Thus, the broadband antenna 100 for 5G millimeter waves of the present invention simultaneously sets the first antenna 120 and the second antenna 130 on the substrate 110, not only increasing the bandwidth of the first antenna 120 and the second antenna 130, but also improving the directivity and gain in the z-axis direction.

[0041] Depend on Figures 1 to 3 It can be seen that Figure 1 and Figure 2 The x-axis direction (out of the paper) and Figure 3 The x-axis direction (entering the paper) of the first surface 112 and the second surface 114 are opposite. The two first frequency band units 122 are symmetrically arranged on the first surface 112 and the second surface 114, and the two first frequency band units 122 are partially opposite to each other. The two second frequency band units 132 are symmetrically arranged on the first surface 112 and the second surface 114, and the two second frequency band units 132 are partially opposite to each other. Figure 2It can be seen that one of the first frequency band units 122, one of the second frequency band units 132 and the impedance matching line segment 140 are disposed on the first surface 112. The impedance matching line segment 140 can be a trapezoid, and the relatively short side of the trapezoid parallel to the y-axis is connected to the first frequency band unit 122; the relatively long side of the trapezoid parallel to the y-axis is connected to the edge of the substrate 110. Figure 3 It can be seen that another first frequency band unit 122, another second frequency band unit 132 and a ground layer 150 are disposed on the second surface 114. The ground layer 150 extends from the edge of the substrate 110 toward the first frequency band unit 122 to form a rectangular line segment.

[0042] In detail, the first antenna 120 may further include a first feeding point 124, which passes through the substrate 110 and is connected to the ground layer 150 and the impedance matching segment 140. The first feeding point 124 passes through the substrate 110 along the x-axis direction from the midline position of the relatively long side of the impedance matching segment 140, and is connected to the position of the second surface 114 relative to the first surface 112. The first frequency band unit 122 disposed on the second surface 114 may further include a first line segment a, a second line segment b, a third line segment c, a fourth line segment d, a fifth line segment e and a parallel frame line segment f. One end of the second line segment b is connected to the first line segment a. The third line segment c is parallel to the first line segment a and connected to the other end of the second line segment b. The fourth line segment d is parallel to the third line segment c. The fifth line segment e is perpendicular to the third line segment c and the fourth line segment d, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown. The parallel frame line segment f includes two long line segments f1 and two wide line segments f2, the two long line segments f1 are parallel to the second line segment b; the two wide line segments f2 are parallel to the first line segment a, and the two long line segments f1 and the two wide line segments f2 are connected to form a parallelogram. The extension lines of the first line segment a, the second line segment b and the fourth line segment d intersect to form a space, and the parallel frame line segment f is located in the space.

[0043] Furthermore, the length L of the first line segment a a is smaller than the length L of one of the second frequency band units 132 132 The length L of a second frequency band unit 132 is 132 Less than the length L of the second line segment b b The length of the second line segment b is L b Less than the length L of the fifth line segment e e The length of the fifth line segment e is L e Less than the length L of the fourth line segment d d Specifically, the size of the substrate 110 may be 10 mm×8 mm; the length L 132 Can be 1.2mm; length L a Can be 1.12mm; length L b Can be 1.62mm; length L d Can be 2mm; length L eThe thickness may be 1.7 mm, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0044] The second antenna 130 may be a planar dipole antenna. The second antenna 130 may further include a second feeding point 134, which passes through the substrate 110 and connects the two second frequency band units 132. The second feeding point 134 passes through the substrate 110 along the x-axis direction and connects the two second frequency band units 132 at portions facing each other.

[0045] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 , Figure 4 Show according to Figure 1 Schematic diagram of measuring the loop loss of the wideband antenna 100 applied to 5G millimeter waves in an implementation method. The frequency of the first antenna 120 is 28 GHz. The frequency of the second antenna 130 is 39 GHz. The frequency application range of the first antenna 120 is greater than or equal to 23.8 GHz and less than or equal to 30.64 GHz. The frequency application range of the second antenna 130 is greater than or equal to 35.94 GHz and less than or equal to 45 GHz. The second antenna 130 is farther away from the ground layer 150 than the first antenna 120. Specifically, the first antenna 120 can be a 28 GHz antenna; the second antenna 130 can be a 39 GHz antenna, and the loop losses of the first antenna 120 and the second antenna 130 can be as follows Figure 4 The measurement points m1 and m2 represent the frequency when the loop loss of the first antenna 120 is -10 dB; the measurement point m3 represents the frequency when the loop loss of the second antenna 130 is -10 dB. Figure 4 It can be seen that the loop loss of the first antenna 120 is less than -10dB when the frequency is 23.8GHz to 30.64GHz. The loop loss of the second antenna 130 is less than -10dB when the frequency is 35.94GHz to 45GHz. In this way, the broadband antenna 100 applied to 5G millimeter waves of the present invention uses the dipole antenna structure of the first antenna 120 (i.e., the first line segment a, the second line segment b, the third line segment c, the fourth line segment d and the fifth line segment e of the first frequency band unit 122) to couple to the parallel frame line segment f to produce low-frequency resonance, and the dipole antenna structure of the second antenna 130 (i.e., the second frequency band unit 132) produces high-frequency resonance to achieve broadband and high directivity effects, covering the full frequency bands of 5G millimeter waves of 28GHz and 39GHz, and then for use in the frequency bands n257, n258, n259, n260 and n261 of the frequency range FR2 of the NR band.

[0046] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 , Figure 5 Show according to Figure 1 A Smith chart of the first antenna 120 of the wideband antenna 100 applied to 5G millimeter waves according to an embodiment; and Figure 6 Show according to Figure 1A Smith chart of the second antenna 130 of the wideband antenna 100 applied to 5G millimeter waves according to an embodiment. Figure 5 and Figure 6 The circular curve in the figure is the range where the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) is less than or equal to 2 (i.e., voltage standing wave ratio ≤ 2). Figure 5 It can be seen that the voltage standing wave ratio VSWR of the measuring points m1 and m2 is less than or equal to 2; Figure 6 It can be seen that the voltage standing wave ratio VSWR at the measuring point m3 is less than or equal to 2.

[0047] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 , Figure 7 Show according to Figure 1 A schematic diagram of current distribution of a wideband antenna 100 applied to 5G millimeter waves according to an embodiment when the operating frequency is 28 GHz; and Figure 8 Show according to Figure 1 Schematic diagram of current distribution of a broadband antenna 100 applied to 5G millimeter waves according to an embodiment when the operating frequency is 39 GHz. Figure 7 It can be seen that when the operating frequency of the broadband antenna 100 applied to 5G millimeter waves is 28 GHz, the current is distributed in the first feeding point 124, the impedance matching line segment 140, the first antenna 120 and the second feeding point 134. Figure 8 It can be seen that when the operating frequency of the broadband antenna 100 applied to 5G millimeter waves is 39 GHz, the current is distributed in the second feeding point 134 , the second antenna 130 and the first feeding point 124 .

[0048] It can be seen from the above embodiments that the present invention has the following advantages: first, the broadband antenna applied to 5G millimeter waves of the present invention has the first frequency band unit and the second frequency band unit both arranged on the first surface and the second surface of the substrate, and has the characteristics of small size, large bandwidth and high directivity; second, the broadband antenna applied to 5G millimeter waves of the present invention simultaneously arranges the first antenna and the second antenna on the substrate, which not only increases the frequency bandwidth of the first antenna and the second antenna, but also improves the directivity and gain in the z-axis direction; third, the broadband antenna applied to 5G millimeter waves of the present invention utilizes the dipole antenna structure of the first antenna (i.e., the first line segment, the second line segment, the third line segment, the fourth line segment and the fifth line segment of the first frequency band unit) to couple to the parallel frame line segment to generate low-frequency resonance, and the dipole antenna structure of the second antenna (i.e., the second frequency band unit) generates high-frequency resonance to achieve a broadband effect, covering the full frequency bands of 28 GHz and 39 GHz of 5G millimeter waves, and then for use in the frequency bands n257, n258, n259, n260 and n261 of the frequency range FR2 of the NR band.

[0049] Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the concept and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be based on what is defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A broadband antenna for 5G millimeter waves, characterized in that: Include: A substrate comprising: a first surface; and a second surface opposite to the first surface; A first antenna, comprising: Two first frequency band units are respectively disposed on the first surface and the second surface; A second antenna, spaced apart from the first antenna, comprising: Two second frequency band units are respectively disposed on the first surface and the second surface; An impedance matching line segment is disposed on the first surface and electrically connected to one of the first frequency band units disposed on the first surface; as well as A ground layer, disposed on the second surface and electrically connected to another first frequency band unit disposed on the second surface; When the first antenna is working, the second antenna is regarded as a director; when the second antenna is working, the first antenna is regarded as a reflector; Wherein, the first frequency band unit further comprises: a first line segment; a second line segment, one end of which is connected to the first line segment; a third line segment, parallel to the first line segment and connecting the other end of the second line segment; a fourth line segment, parallel to the third line segment; a fifth line segment vertically connecting the third line segment and the fourth line segment; and A parallel frame line segment, comprising two long line segments and two wide line segments, the two long line segments are parallel to the second line segment, the two wide line segments are parallel to the first line segment, the two long line segments and the two wide line segments are connected to form a parallelogram; The extension lines of the first line segment, the second line segment and the fourth line segment intersect to form a space, and the parallel frame line segment is located in the space.

2. The broadband antenna for 5G millimeter wave according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the first line segment is smaller than the length of one of the second frequency band units; The length of one of the second frequency band units is smaller than the length of the second line segment; The length of the second line segment is less than the length of the fifth line segment; and The length of the fifth line segment is smaller than the length of the fourth line segment.

3. The broadband antenna for 5G millimeter wave according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second antenna is a planar dipole antenna.

4. The broadband antenna for 5G millimeter wave according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first antenna also includes: a first feeding point, penetrating the substrate and connecting the ground layer and the impedance matching line segment; and The second antenna also includes: A second feeding point runs through the substrate and connects the two second frequency band units.

5. The broadband antenna for 5G millimeter wave according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two first frequency band units are symmetrically disposed on the first surface and the second surface respectively; and The two second frequency band units are symmetrically arranged on the first surface and the second surface respectively.

6. The broadband antenna for 5G millimeter wave according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two first frequency band unit parts are opposite to each other, and the two second frequency band unit parts are opposite to each other.

7. The broadband antenna for 5G millimeter wave according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second antenna is farther from the ground layer than the first antenna.

8. The broadband antenna for 5G millimeter wave according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frequency of the first antenna is 28 GHz, and the frequency of the second antenna is 39 GHz.

9. The broadband antenna for 5G millimeter wave according to claim 8, characterized in that: The frequency application range of the first antenna is greater than or equal to 23.8 GHz and less than or equal to 30.64 GHz; and The frequency application range of the second antenna is greater than or equal to 35.94 GHz and less than or equal to 45 GHz.

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