Electric motor, human-electric dual drive bicycle comprising the electric motor

Abstract

Disclosed are an electric motor, a human-electric dual-mixed drive bicycle comprising the electric motor, and a method for superimposing human power and electric motor driving in a simple way to realize human-electric dual-mixed drive vehicle driving, and even long-distance riding with extremely small power consumption, and improved vehicle endurance. The electric motor has a relatively rotatable outer rotor and inner rotor. The human-electric dual-mixed drive bicycle has at least three driving modes: pure electric driving, electric driving combined with human power driving, and human power driving combined with torque motor driving.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an electric motor and a hybrid electric bicycle incorporating the electric motor. Background Technology

[0002] Electric bicycles are driven by an electric motor, and their speed is entirely controlled by the motor. Although many electric bicycles come with pedals, it's impossible to increase speed by manually pedaling while the bicycle is powered by an electric motor. This is because the motor's rotational speed is essentially fixed given a given electrical input, and the force exerted by pedaling cannot be added to the motor's output. Pedaling is only possible when the electric motor is not in use. However, electric bicycles are heavy, have significant inertia and resistance, rendering the pedals practically useless. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The electric motor and the hybrid electric-human driven bicycle incorporating the electric motor provided by this invention combine human power and electric motor drive in a simple way to achieve hybrid electric-human driven vehicle operation. This allows for long-distance riding with minimal power consumption, improving the vehicle's range. The electric motor of this invention has a simple structure, featuring an outer rotor and an inner rotor capable of relative rotation. The hybrid electric-human driven bicycle of this invention has at least three driving modes: pure electric drive; electric drive combined with human power drive; and human power drive combined with torque motor drive.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a hybrid electric-human hybrid bicycle includes:

[0005] The pedal mechanism has a first sprocket; and

[0006] An electric motor, the electric motor comprising:

[0007] shell;

[0008] An outer rotor is disposed inside the housing via a bearing assembly, and a second sprocket is coaxially mounted on the outer rotor. The first sprocket is connected to the second sprocket via a first chain.

[0009] An inner rotor is mounted within the outer rotor via a bearing assembly. Supported by the bearing assembly, the outer rotor and the inner rotor can rotate coaxially. The inner rotor has a third sprocket coaxial with it, and this third sprocket is connected via a second chain to a fourth sprocket coaxial with a wheel.

[0010] A clutch with controllable stopping direction is disposed between the outer rotor and the housing to limit the rotation direction of the outer rotor to counteract the reverse torque generated on the outer rotor when the inner rotor rotates under electric drive.

[0011] In addition to the first aspect mentioned above, it also includes:

[0012] A one-way engagement clutch, wherein the driving engagement wheel is coaxially mounted on the outer rotor, and the driven engagement wheel is coaxially mounted with the inner rotor; and

[0013] A torque motor is connected to the outer rotor via a gear set.

[0014] According to a second aspect of the present invention, an electric motor is provided, comprising:

[0015] shell;

[0016] An outer rotor, which is disposed within the housing via a bearing assembly;

[0017] An inner rotor is mounted inside the outer rotor via a bearing assembly. Supported by the bearing assembly, the outer rotor and the inner rotor can rotate coaxially. The inner rotor's central shaft portion has a hollow sleeve shaft, inside which is a mandrel supported by bearings at both ends of the sleeve shaft.

[0018] A clutch with controllable stopping direction is disposed between the inner rotor and the outer casing to limit the rotation direction of the inner rotor in order to counteract the reverse torque generated on the inner rotor when the outer rotor rotates under electric drive.

[0019] According to a third aspect of the present invention, a hybrid electric bicycle is provided, comprising the electric motor described in the second aspect, wherein the outer rotor of the electric motor is coaxially mounted with the bicycle wheel, the axle is fixed to the bicycle frame, and the inner rotor has a sprocket coaxial with it, the sprocket being connected to the sprocket of the pedal mechanism via a chain.

[0020] According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a hybrid electric bicycle is provided, comprising the electric motor described in the second aspect, a controllable three-speed clutch, and a torque motor. The torque motor is connected to the outer rotor of the electric motor. The outer rotor is coaxially mounted with the bicycle wheel. The axle is fixed to the bicycle frame. The drive wheel of the controllable three-speed clutch is coaxially mounted with the sleeve shaft on the inner rotor of the electric motor. The driven wheel of the controllable three-speed clutch is coaxially mounted on the inner rotor. The other driven wheel of the controllable three-speed clutch is coaxially mounted on the outer rotor. A sprocket on the pedal mechanism is connected to the sprocket coaxially mounted with the drive wheel via a chain.

[0021] In the fourth aspect mentioned above, the torque motor is connected to the outer rotor via a gear set, one gear of which is mounted on the output shaft of the torque motor, and the other gear is coaxial with the sprocket and the drive wheel.

[0022] According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, a hybrid electric-human hybrid bicycle is provided, comprising:

[0023] Foot pedal mechanism, which has a sprocket; and

[0024] An electric motor, the electric motor comprising:

[0025] shell;

[0026] An outer rotor is mounted inside the housing via a bearing assembly, and a sprocket on the outer rotor is connected to the sprocket of the foot pedal mechanism via a chain.

[0027] Two inner rotors are mounted inside the outer rotor via a bearing assembly. The two inner rotors are respectively connected to two wheels and can rotate coaxially. The outer rotor and the two inner rotors can rotate coaxially under the support of the bearing assembly.

[0028] The two coil windings, when energized, generate magnetic fields that act on the two inner rotors, causing them to rotate; and

[0029] A clutch with controllable stopping direction is disposed between the outer rotor and the housing to limit the rotation direction of the outer rotor in order to counteract the reverse torque generated on the outer rotor when the inner rotor rotates. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below.

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a dual-rotor motor with an inner rotor as the main output shaft and a hybrid electric bicycle drive mechanism including the motor, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a dual-rotor motor with an outer rotor as the main output shaft and a hybrid electric bicycle drive mechanism including the motor, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a dual-rotor motor with two inner rotors and a hybrid electric bicycle drive mechanism including the motor, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The diagram shown is a hybrid electric bicycle with an added torque motor.

[0035] Figure 5 for Figure 2The diagram shown is a hybrid electric bicycle with an added torque motor. Detailed Implementation

[0036] In this invention, the term "bicycle" refers to a two-wheeled electric bicycle, a three-wheeled electric bicycle with a human pedaling mechanism, and a four-wheeled electric bicycle.

[0037] Figure 1 A dual-rotor electric motor and a hybrid electric-human hybrid bicycle drive mechanism incorporating the motor are shown. Figure 1 The electric motor includes an outer rotor 4, an inner rotor 6, a housing 13, and a clutch 14 with controllable stopping direction. The outer rotor 4 is mounted inside the housing 13 via a bearing assembly, and the inner rotor 6 is mounted inside the outer rotor 4 via a bearing assembly. Supported by these bearing assemblies, the outer rotor 4 and the inner rotor 6 can rotate coaxially. The clutch 14 with controllable stopping direction is located between the outer rotor 4 and the housing 13 to restrict the rotation direction of the outer rotor 4 to counteract the reverse torque generated by the inner rotor 6 on the outer rotor 4 when it rotates under electric drive.

[0038] The working principle of the clutch with controllable stopping direction (controllable overrunning clutch) 14 is as follows: when the inner rotor 6 of the motor rotates in the forward direction to drive the bicycle forward, the clutch with controllable stopping direction 14 stops the outer rotor 4 by preventing it from rotating in the opposite direction under the reaction force generated when the inner rotor 6 rotates. This is referred to as the forward stopping direction in this invention. When the inner rotor 6 of the motor rotates in the reverse direction, the stopping direction of the clutch with controllable stopping direction 14 is reversed. This is referred to as the reverse stopping direction in this invention.

[0039] Continue to refer to Figure 1The bicycle pedal mechanism 1 has a first sprocket 2. A second sprocket 5 is coaxially mounted on the outer rotor 4 of the electric motor, and a third sprocket 9 is mounted on the shaft of the inner rotor 6. The first sprocket 2 is connected to the second sprocket 5 on the outer rotor 4 via a first chain 3. The third sprocket 9, coaxial with the inner rotor 6, is connected to a fourth sprocket 12, coaxial with the wheel 11, via a second chain 10. The first sprocket 2 on the bicycle pedal mechanism 1 transmits human power to the second sprocket 5 on the outer rotor 4 of the electric motor via the first chain 3, driving the outer rotor 4 to rotate. Since the outer rotor 4 and the inner rotor 6 can rotate coaxially, when electricity is transmitted through the brushes 7 on the motor housing 13 to the slip ring 8 mounted on the outer rotor 4, the magnetic field generated by the coil winding connected to the slip ring 8 inside the outer rotor 4 when energized will act on the inner rotor 6, causing it to rotate. The rotation of the inner rotor 6, which serves as the output shaft, is transmitted through the coaxial third sprocket 9 and the second chain 10 to the coaxial fourth sprocket 12, causing the wheel 11 to rotate and the vehicle to move forward. When the inner rotor 6 rotates under electric drive, it generates a reverse torque on the outer rotor 4. To prevent this reverse torque from causing the outer rotor 4 to rotate in the opposite direction to the inner rotor 6, the clutch 14, which controls the stopping direction, installed between the housing 13 and the outer rotor 4, is adjusted to the forward stopping state. It should be noted that the outer rotor 4 can rotate in the same direction as the inner rotor 6.

[0040] When the inner rotor 6 is driven by electricity to rotate, and the outer rotor 4 is driven by human power to rotate in the same direction as the inner rotor 6, the superposition of human power and electricity is achieved, which is called dual hybrid drive.

[0041] In addition, the drive mechanism also includes wheel brake discs 15 and a braking system 16.

[0042] Include Figure 1 The bicycle with the drive mechanism shown has a pure electric drive mode, a range-extending or speed-increasing mode, and a human-powered energy-saving mode.

[0043] 1. Pure electric drive mode

[0044] It does not require pedaling mechanism 1 and is electrically driven like a regular electric bicycle.

[0045] 2. Range-extending or speed-up mode

[0046] When it is necessary to increase the vehicle's mileage or speed, pure electric drive is first used to increase the vehicle speed to a set speed, such as 20 km / h, via the electric motor. Once the set speed is reached, the power supply to the electric motor is no longer increased. At this point, the user manually pedals the pedal mechanism 1 to increase the vehicle speed. This method can increase the bicycle's mileage or speed.

[0047] 3. Human-driven energy-saving mode

[0048] Ideally, electric bicycles should be driven entirely by human power to conserve battery power. However, since electric bicycles are significantly heavier than regular bicycles, and the rider's weight adds to the resistance, driving with only human power is extremely strenuous. In practice, the battery can be kept at a level just enough to start the motor, and then the rider can manually pedal the pedal mechanism 1 to propel the vehicle. Compared to pure human power, this method is much easier, consumes very little power, and increases battery life.

[0049] Figure 2 A dual-rotor motor with an outer rotor as the main output shaft and a hybrid electric bicycle drive mechanism incorporating the motor are shown. Figure 2 The drive mechanism shown is Figure 1 The difference in the drive mechanism shown is that the outer rotor 4 of the electric motor is coaxially mounted with the wheel 11, and the inner rotor 6 has a sprocket 17 coaxial with it. The sprocket 17 is connected to the sprocket 2 on the pedal mechanism 1 by a chain 3.

[0050] When electrical energy is transmitted to the coil windings in the outer rotor 4 through the power transmission line, the magnetic field generated by the coil windings acts on the outer rotor 4, causing it to rotate. The rotating outer rotor 4 drives the wheel 11 to rotate, propelling the vehicle forward. At this time, the inner rotor 6 cannot rotate in the opposite direction due to the stop clutch 14, thus counteracting the counter-force acting on the inner rotor 6 when the outer rotor 4 rotates in the forward direction. When the pedal mechanism 1 is activated, human power is transmitted to the inner rotor 6 through the sprocket 2, chain 3, and sprocket 17, causing the inner rotor 6 to rotate in the same direction as the outer rotor 4. In this way, the power driving the inner rotor 6 to rotate is superimposed with the power driving the outer rotor 4 to rotate, realizing a hybrid electric-human drive system.

[0051] Continue to refer to Figure 2 The inner rotor 6 of the electric motor has a sleeve structure as its axis, which is referred to as sleeve shaft 18 in this invention. The sleeve shaft 18 has a spindle 19 inside, which is supported by bearings at both ends of the sleeve shaft 18. The spindle 19 extends out of the sleeve shaft 18 and is fixedly mounted on the frame 20. The inner rotor 6, the outer rotor 4, and the wheel 11 coaxially fixed on the outer rotor 4 all rotate around the spindle 19.

[0052] In addition, the drive mechanism also includes wheel brake discs 15 and a braking system 16.

[0053] Include Figure 2 The bicycle with the drive mechanism shown has a pure electric drive mode, a range-extending or speed-increasing mode, and a human-powered energy-saving mode. The principles of each mode are similar to... Figure 1 The embodiments shown are the same and will not be described again here.

[0054] Figure 3 A dual-rotor electric motor with two internal rotors and a hybrid electric-human hybrid bicycle drive mechanism incorporating the electric motor are shown. Figure 3 The electric motor includes an outer rotor 4, two inner rotors 6 (left and right), a housing 13, and a clutch 14 with controllable stopping direction. The outer rotor 4 is mounted inside the housing 13 via bearing assemblies, and the inner rotors 6 are mounted inside the outer rotor 4 via bearing assemblies. Supported by these bearing assemblies, the outer rotor 4 and inner rotors 6 can rotate coaxially. Each of the two inner rotors 6 can rotate independently. Two sets of coil windings 18 inside the outer rotor 4 correspond to the two inner rotors 6. When energized, the magnetic fields generated by the two sets of coil windings 18 act on the left and right inner rotors 6, causing them to rotate. The housing 13 is mounted on the vehicle frame. A clutch 14 with controllable stopping direction is installed between the housing 13 and the outer rotor 4, and its function is... Figure 1 , Figure 2 The illustrated embodiment is the same.

[0055] The sprocket 2 on the bicycle's pedal mechanism 1 is connected to the sprocket 17 on the outer rotor 4 via a chain 3. (Includes...) Figure 3 The bicycle with the drive mechanism shown has a pure electric drive mode, a range-extending or speed-increasing mode, and a human-powered energy-saving mode. The principles of each mode are similar to... Figure 1 The embodiments shown are the same and will not be repeated here. However, the feature of this embodiment is that the two wheels will produce a differential speed when the bicycle turns. The speed of the left and right wheels is adjusted by adjusting the electrical charge of the two sets of coil windings 18 on the outer rotor 4 through the on-board electronic control, thus eliminating the need for a mechanical differential. Compared with the two embodiments mentioned above, the electric bicycle in this embodiment has a larger load capacity when driven in dual hybrid mode.

[0056] Electric bicycles are heavy, and the addition of a canopy further increases their weight. Combined with the rider's weight, this results in significant rolling resistance. To achieve easier riding, a torque motor (26) is added. (See [link]) Figure 4 .

[0057] Figure 4 The structure of the electric motor and drive mechanism shown is similar to Figure 1The illustrated embodiment is essentially the same, except that a torque motor 26, mounted on the housing 13 to overcome driving resistance, is added. The output shaft of the torque motor 26 is equipped with a gear 19, which meshes with a coaxial gear 20 mounted on the outer rotor 4 of the motor. The torque generated by the torque motor 26 is transmitted to the outer rotor 4 through this meshing gear set. Furthermore, an electrically or manually controlled one-way clutch 21 is coaxially mounted on the outer rotor 4. The first sprocket 2 on the pedal mechanism 1 is connected via a first chain 3 to a second sprocket 5 coaxially mounted on the outer rotor 4. The driven engagement wheel of the one-way clutch 21 is coaxially mounted with the third sprocket 9 and the inner rotor 6, while the driving engagement wheel is coaxially mounted on the outer rotor 4. The third sprocket 9 is connected via a second chain 10 to a fourth sprocket 12 coaxially mounted on the wheel 11. When the one-way clutch 21 is not in operation, it disengages the outer rotor 4 of the motor from the third sprocket 9. This embodiment has three operating modes.

[0058] 1. Pure electric drive

[0059] When using pure electric drive, the torque motor 26 is not working, and the one-way engagement clutch 21 is also in a non-engaged state. The operation of the entire transmission chain is the same as that of the torque motor 26. Figure 1 The embodiments shown are the same.

[0060] 2. Hybrid Drive System (Human Power and Electric Power)

[0061] When using a hybrid human-electric drive, the torque motor 26 starts, and the torque it provides counteracts or exceeds the reverse torque applied to the outer rotor 4 by the rotation of the inner rotor 6 of the motor, making riding easier. Under this condition, the one-way engagement clutch 21 is still in a non-engaged state.

[0062] 3. Human-driven energy-saving mode

[0063] When the power-saving mode, primarily driven by human power, is needed, the electric motor shuts off, and the one-way clutch 21 is engaged, engaging the outer rotor 4 of the electric motor with the third sprocket 9. The torque motor 26 is then activated, driving the outer rotor 4 to rotate. Simultaneously, the human pedal mechanism 1 also drives the outer rotor 4, achieving a superposition of the two power sources. The rotating outer rotor 4 drives the third sprocket 9 via the one-way clutch 21, and the third sprocket 9, through the second chain 10, drives the fourth sprocket 12, which is coaxial with the wheel 11, thus propelling the vehicle. The torque provided by the torque motor 26 is adjustable, ensuring the rider can easily pedal the pedal mechanism 1. The torque motor is a type of motor primarily designed to provide sustained torque; it can withstand prolonged stalling while providing torque, and its power consumption is minimal as long as rotation is not occurring.

[0064] Figure 5 This invention illustrates a hybrid electric-human hybrid bicycle drive mechanism, which is a... Figure 2Improvements to the illustrated embodiment, transmission chain and Figure 2 The illustrated embodiment is similar, but with the addition of a torque motor 26 and a controllable three-speed clutch 22. The clutch 22 can be manually controlled or controlled by an onboard computer. The driving wheel 23 of the clutch 22 is coaxially mounted with the sleeve shaft 18 on the inner rotor 6 of the motor. The driven wheel 24 of the clutch 22 is mounted on the inner rotor 6, and the other driven wheel 25 of the clutch 22 is coaxially mounted on the outer rotor 4. The sprocket 17 is coaxial with the driving wheel 23 of the clutch 22 and is connected to the sprocket on the pedal mechanism 1 via a chain. The torque motor 26 is connected to the outer rotor 4 via gear sets 20 and 21. Gear 20 is mounted on the output shaft of the torque motor 26, and gear 21, which meshes with gear 20, is coaxial with sprocket 17 and the driving wheel 23 of the clutch 22. Furthermore, the drive mechanism also includes a brake caliper 15 and a brake disc 16. The following describes the use of... Figure 5 The following details the various operating modes of the electric bicycle with the drive mechanism shown.

[0065] 1. Pure electric drive mode

[0066] When using pure electric drive, the drive wheel 23 of the controllable three-speed engagement clutch 22 is in neutral; the outer rotor 4 of the electric motor rotates under the drive of electricity, driving the wheel 11 mounted on the same shaft to rotate, thus driving the vehicle to move; the reverse rotational thrust generated by the outer rotor 4 on the inner rotor 6 when it rotates is canceled by the clutch 14 with controllable stop direction installed between the inner rotor 6 and the outer shell (frame) 13, so the inner rotor 6 will not reverse.

[0067] 2. Hybrid Drive Mode (Human Power and Electric Power)

[0068] When using a hybrid electric-human-powered drive system, the driving wheel 23 of the controllable three-speed clutch 22 is adjusted to engage with the driven wheel 24. When electrical energy is transmitted to the coil windings in the outer rotor 4 via the power transmission line, the magnetic field generated by the coil windings acts on the outer rotor 4, causing it to rotate. The rotating outer rotor 4 drives the wheel 11 to rotate, propelling the vehicle forward. Simultaneously, the human pedal mechanism 1 drives the inner rotor 6 to rotate. The inner rotor 6 and outer rotor 4 rotate in the same direction, and the wheel speed is the sum of the speeds of the outer rotor 4 and the inner rotor 6, achieving hybrid power drive. The reverse rotation thrust generated by the outer rotor 4 on the inner rotor 6 when rotating under electric drive is offset by the positive rotational torque provided by the torque motor 26. This makes human-powered riding easier, enabling longer electric range or higher speeds.

[0069] 3. Micro-electric riding mode combined with human-powered riding mode

[0070] If the battery is low, or if a long-distance ride is desired, the drive wheel 23 of the controllable three-speed clutch 22 can be switched to the gear engaged with the driven wheel 25. Manually pedaling the foot pedal mechanism 1 drives the sprocket 17 to rotate. The rotating sprocket 17, through the engaged drive wheel 23 and driven wheel 25, drives the outer rotor 4 to rotate, thereby rotating the wheel 11, achieving pure human-powered driving. However, relying solely on human power is physically demanding. Therefore, the torque motor 26 is activated, driving the outer rotor 4 through the engaged drive wheel 23 and driven wheel 25, thus combining the power of human power and the torque motor 26. The power provided by the torque motor 26 enables the vehicle to overcome rolling resistance. According to data from relevant literature, the power consumption of a two-wheeled electric vehicle to overcome rolling resistance is no more than 50W, meaning the torque motor 26 consumes very little electrical energy, ensuring that a person can ride easily and for extended periods.

[0071] It can be seen that, Figure 5 The illustrated embodiment is relative to Figure 4 In the embodiment shown, a controllable three-speed engagement clutch 22 replaces the one-way engagement clutch 21. Figure 5 The illustrated embodiment can achieve the superposition of human power and torque motor 26 power, without having to be like... Figure 4 As shown in the embodiment, the inner and outer rotors of the motor rotate together, making riding easier.

[0072] The electric bicycle drive mechanism provided by this invention combines human power and electric motor drive in a simple way, making the vehicle more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly.

Claims

1. A hybrid electric-human driven bicycle, characterized in that, include: A foot pedal mechanism (1) having a first sprocket (2); and An electric motor, the electric motor comprising: Outer shell (13); The outer rotor (4) is installed inside the outer casing (13) through a bearing assembly. A second sprocket (5) is coaxially mounted on the outer rotor (4). The first sprocket (2) is connected to the second sprocket (5) through a first chain (3). The inner rotor (6) is set inside the outer rotor (4) through a bearing assembly. Under the support of the bearing assembly, the outer rotor (4) and the inner rotor (6) can rotate coaxially. The inner rotor (6) has a third sprocket (9) coaxial with it. The third sprocket (9) is connected to a fourth sprocket (12) coaxial with the wheel (11) through a second chain (10). A one-way engagement clutch (21) has its driving engagement wheel coaxially mounted on the outer rotor (4), and its driven engagement wheel coaxially mounted with the inner rotor (6); A torque motor (26) is connected to an outer rotor (4) via a gear set; and A clutch (14) with controllable stopping direction is set between the outer rotor (4) and the outer casing (13) to limit the rotation direction of the outer rotor (4) to counteract the reverse torque generated by the inner rotor (6) on the outer rotor (4) when the inner rotor (6) rotates under electric drive.

2. A hybrid electric-human driven bicycle, characterized in that, include: A foot pedal mechanism (1) having a sprocket (2); and An electric motor, the electric motor comprising: Outer shell (13); The outer rotor (4) is installed inside the outer casing (13) through a bearing assembly. The sprocket (17) on the outer rotor (4) is connected to the sprocket (2) of the foot pedal mechanism (1) through a chain (3). Two inner rotors (6) are mounted inside the outer rotor (4) via a bearing assembly. The two inner rotors (6) are connected to two wheels respectively. The two inner rotors (6) can rotate coaxially. Under the support of the bearing assembly, the outer rotor (4) and the inner rotors (6) can rotate coaxially. The two coil windings (18), when energized, generate magnetic fields that act on the two inner rotors (6) respectively, causing them to rotate; and A clutch (14) with controllable stopping direction is set between the outer rotor (4) and the outer casing (13) to limit the rotation direction of the outer rotor (4) to counteract the reverse torque generated by the inner rotor (6) on the outer rotor (4) when it rotates.

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