Downhole upward hole bottom detonator and its use method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an underground upward hole-bottom detonator, comprising a top cap and a charge bin, wherein the top cap is located at the top of the charge bin and is detachably connected to the charge bin, and a detonation space is formed between the interior of the top cap and the charge bin; a detonator mounting groove is arranged in the charge bin, the detonator mounting groove is communicated with the detonation space, and a lead hole communicated with the detonation space is arranged on the bottom surface of the charge bin; a plurality of elastic tail wings are circumferentially arranged at the bottom end of the charge bin, the elastic tail wings are arranged obliquely, and the bottom ends of the elastic tail wings are located outside the charge bin. Using the underground upward hole-bottom detonator of the present invention can effectively reduce the energy loss of explosives.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering blasting, and in particular relates to an underground upward hole bottom detonator and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The vertical fan-shaped deep hole detonation methods in underground mines are divided into three types: bottom hole detonation, hole mouth detonation and full hole detonation. There is a problem in the single-point detonation of hole mouth detonation, full hole detonation and bottom hole detonation: the part of the explosive close to the entrance of the blasthole is easy to contact with the air at the entrance of the blasthole during blasting, and the part of the explosive close to the entrance of the blasthole is easy to be quickly pushed out of the blasthole during explosion, so that part of the energy directly acts in the air, and a large amount of energy is lost, which is not conducive to overcoming the clamping of the bottom of the hole and the hole deviation. Moreover, the backwash effect caused by the loss of energy will seriously damage the eyebrow line of the channel roof, resulting in a hanging roof and easy to produce large pieces, which not only affects production but also brings unsafe hidden dangers. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide an underground upward hole bottom detonator and a method of using the same, so as to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] The present invention provides a technical solution: an underground upward-pointing bottom-hole detonator, comprising a top cap and a charging bin, wherein the top cap is located at the top of the charging bin and is detachably connected to the charging bin, and a detonation space is formed between the interior of the top cap and the charging bin; a detonator mounting groove is provided in the charging bin, the detonator mounting groove is communicated with the detonation space, and a lead hole communicated with the detonation space is provided on the bottom surface of the charging bin; a plurality of elastic tail wings are circumferentially arranged at the bottom end of the charging bin, the elastic tail wings are inclinedly arranged, and the bottom ends of the elastic tail wings are located outside the charging bin.

[0005] Preferably, a connector is provided at the center of the bottom end of the charging bin, and the diameter of the connector is smaller than the diameter of the charging bin; the top end of the elastic tail wing is connected to the connector so that the top end of the elastic tail wing is located on the inner side of the charging bin.

[0006] Preferably, a fixing ring is sleeved on the connecting body, and the elastic tail wing is fixedly connected to the fixing ring; the fixing ring is detachably connected to the connecting body.

[0007] Preferably, the connector is a cylinder or a circular tube.

[0008] Preferably, the top surface of the charging bin is open to form an opening; the top cap includes a support plate and a connecting sleeve, the support plate is hemispherical in shape, a hemispherical groove is formed in the middle, the opening of the groove is set downward, the top end of the connecting sleeve is connected to the bottom end of the support plate, so that the interior of the connecting sleeve and the groove form a top-closed accommodating space; the bottom of the connecting sleeve is detachably connected to the charging bin; a blocking ring is provided on the inner wall of the connecting sleeve, and a first partition is provided between the blocking ring and the top surface of the charging bin, the top surface of the first partition is abutted against the blocking ring, the bottom surface of the first partition is abutted against the top surface of the medicine bin, and the interior of the top cap forms the detonation space above the partition; the first partition is provided with a through hole at the position corresponding to the lead hole, and the blocking ring is located on the outside of the through hole; a fixing hole is provided in the middle of the first partition, and the top end of the detonator mounting groove is embedded in the fixing hole or is integrally provided with the inner wall of the fixing hole.

[0009] Preferably, an inward recess is provided at the bottom of the medicine loading bin, and an annular sheet is connected to the outer side of the first partition, and the annular sheet is sleeved on the recess and located inside the connecting sleeve.

[0010] Preferably, a second partition is provided on the inner wall of the connecting sleeve, and the second partition is located above the blocking ring to divide the detonation space into two parts; the thickness of the second partition is less than or equal to the thickness of the detonator mounting groove.

[0011] Preferably, there are at least two lead holes.

[0012] When the underground upward bottom hole detonator provided by the present invention is used, first, explosives are loaded into the charge bin; then, after the detonator and the detonating cord are bundled, the detonator is loaded into the detonator installation groove, and the detonating cord is passed through the lead hole to the outside of the charge bin. After installation, the detonator is detonated, and the explosives in the charge bin are detonated by the detonator. Compared with the method of directly using the detonator to detonate the explosives in the blast hole, the detonation effect is better, and the explosives are easy to explode more fully during blasting. The explosives of this structure do not contact the air at the entrance of the blast hole, and the circumferentially arranged elastic tail wing can make the tail wing and the blast hole arm deform to form a support when the bottom hole detonator is sent into the blast hole, which is conducive to smoothly sending the bottom hole detonator to the bottom of the blast hole, and can prevent the bottom hole detonator from sliding down in the blast hole, and can effectively prevent the part of the explosive close to the entrance of the blast hole from being easily pushed out of the blast hole during explosion, thereby reducing the energy loss of the explosive.

[0013] Another technical solution provided by the present invention is a method for using the above-mentioned underground upward hole bottom detonator, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0014] Step 1, use the gun rod to send an assembled downhole up-to-bottom-hole detonator into the bottom of the blasthole, then insert some spacers into the hole, then send another assembled downhole up-to-bottom-hole detonator into the blasthole again, insert some spacers into the hole again, and continue to send an assembled downhole up-to-bottom-hole detonator into the blasthole, so that a blasthole is equipped with multiple assembled downhole up-to-bottom-hole detonators; when sending the downhole up-to-bottom-hole detonator into the blasthole, expose the detonating tube of the downhole up-to-bottom-hole detonator outside the blasthole; Step 2, group the detonating tubes exposed outside the tubes, connect them by cluster connection method, and then detonate.

[0015] Preferably, before step 1, the step of assembling an underground upward-to-bottom-hole detonator is also included, wherein the assembling of the underground upward-to-bottom-hole detonator includes the following steps: first, after removing the top cap and the first partition, the explosives are loaded into the charging bin; then, after bundling the detonator and the detonating cord, the detonator is loaded into the detonator mounting groove, and the detonating cord is passed through the perforation and the lead hole to the outside of the charging bin; finally, the top cap and the first partition are connected to the charging bin.

[0016] The method for using the underground upward hole bottom detonator provided by the present invention uses the underground upward hole bottom detonator, thereby effectively reducing the energy loss of explosives. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an underground upward hole bottom detonator of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the internal structure of an underground upward hole bottom detonator of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is the second schematic diagram of the internal structure of an underground upward hole bottom detonator of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A magnified view at point A;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the assembly status of the underground upward-pointing bottom-hole detonator;

[0022] In the figure: top cap 1, support plate 1-1, connecting sleeve 1-2, blocking ring 1-3, charging chamber 2, detonation space 3, detonator mounting groove 4, lead hole 5, elastic tail wing 6, connector 7, fixing ring 8, first partition 9, perforation 10, annular sheet 11, second partition 12, detonator 13, explosive 14, detonating cord 15. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The technical solutions shown in the accompanying drawings are specific solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] The present invention provides a downhole upward hole bottom detonator, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a top cap 1 and a charging bin 2, the top cap is located at the top of the charging bin and is detachably connected to the charging bin, a detonation space 3 is formed between the interior of the top cap and the charging bin; a detonator mounting slot 4 is arranged in the charging bin, the detonator mounting slot is communicated with the detonation space, and a lead hole 5 communicated with the detonation space is arranged on the bottom surface of the charging bin. In this embodiment, the lead hole can be formed by directly punching a hole on the wall of the charging bin, or a connecting pipe can be installed on the bottom surface of the charging bin so that the connecting pipe connects the detonation space and the outside of the charging bin. Other existing methods can also be used for setting, which are not specifically limited here. The lead holes are generally arranged in two or more, so that when used, the detonating cords of the detonator are arranged in two or more, which are connected to the detonation space. The number of wire holes is the same, so that multiple detonation lines can be set up to further ensure that the detonator can be detonated; a plurality of elastic tail wings 6 are circumferentially arranged at the bottom end of the charging bin, and the elastic tail wings are inclined. The bottom ends of the elastic tail wings are located on the outside of the charging bin. In this embodiment, a connector 7 is provided at the center position of the bottom end of the charging bin, and the diameter of the connector is smaller than the diameter of the charging bin; the top end of the elastic tail wing is connected to the connector so that the top end of the elastic tail wing is located on the inner side of the charging bin; a fixing ring 8 is sleeved on the connector, and the elastic tail wing is fixedly connected to the fixing ring; the fixing ring and the connector are detachably connected, generally by threaded connection or clamping, wherein the connector is a cylinder or a circular tube.

[0025] Before using the above-mentioned underground upward hole bottom detonator, for the convenience of storage, the elastic tail wing, the charge bin and the top cap can be disassembled. When in use, firstly, the charge bin is filled with explosive 14, where the explosive is generally emulsion explosive; then, after the detonator 13 and the detonating cord 15 are bundled, the detonator is installed in the detonator installation groove, and the detonating cord is passed through the lead hole to the outside of the charge bin, where the detonator is generally an electric detonator; finally, the top cap and the tail wing are installed on the charge bin in sequence to complete the installation of the underground upward hole bottom detonator. The structure of the installed underground upward hole bottom detonator is shown in FIG. Figure 5After installing the underground upward hole bottom detonator, use the gun rod to send the assembled underground upward hole bottom detonator into the bottom of the blast hole, and make the detonating tube protrude from the blast hole; then detonate the detonating tube protruding from the tube.

[0026] The detonator has the following advantages:

[0027] 1. When using, first detonate the detonator. The explosives in the charge compartment are detonated by the detonator. Compared with the method of directly using the detonator to detonate the explosives in the blast hole, the detonation effect is better, and the explosives are easier to explode more fully during blasting;

[0028] 2. By setting up a charging bin, the explosive is prevented from contacting the air at the entrance of the blasthole, and the circumferentially arranged elastic tail wing can make the tail wing and the blasthole arm deform to form a support when the bottom hole detonator is sent into the blasthole, which is conducive to smoothly sending the bottom hole detonator to the bottom of the blasthole and can prevent the bottom hole detonator from sliding down in the blasthole, which can effectively prevent the part of the explosive close to the entrance of the blasthole from being quickly pushed out of the blasthole during the explosion, thereby reducing the energy loss of the explosive.

[0029] 3. A detonator installation groove is set in the charge bin to facilitate the fixing of the detonator and prevent the detonator from shifting, which makes the detonation point uneven when the detonator detonates the explosives in the charge bin, resulting in insufficient explosion of some explosives during blasting.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment: the top surface of the charge bin is open to form a circular opening; the top cap comprises a support plate 1-1 and a connecting sleeve 1-2, the support plate is hemispherical in shape, a hemispherical groove is formed in the middle, the opening of the groove is downwardly arranged, the top end of the connecting sleeve is connected to the bottom end of the support plate, so that the interior of the connecting sleeve and the groove form a top-closed accommodation space; the bottom of the connecting sleeve is detachably connected to the charge bin; a blocking ring 1-3 is arranged on the inner wall of the connecting sleeve, a first partition 9 is arranged between the blocking ring and the top surface of the charge bin, the top surface of the first partition is against the blocking ring, the bottom surface of the first partition is against the top surface of the medicine bin, and the interior of the top cap forms the detonation space above the partition; a through hole 10 is arranged on the first partition at the position corresponding to the lead hole, and the blocking ring is located on the outside of the through hole; a fixing hole is arranged in the middle of the first partition, and the top end of the detonator mounting groove is embedded in the fixing hole or is integrally arranged with the inner wall of the fixing hole. This structure, by providing structures such as the first partition and the blocking ring, enables the detonator mounting groove on the charging chamber to be removed when the top cap is separated from the charging chamber, and the emulsion explosive is loaded into the charging chamber through the opening above the charging chamber, so as to facilitate the loading of the emulsion explosive into the charging chamber; in order to facilitate the accurate positioning of the first partition, an inward recess is provided at the bottom of the charging chamber, and an annular sheet 11 is connected to the outer side of the first partition, and the annular sheet is sleeved on the recess and located inside the connecting sleeve. When installing the first partition, it is only necessary to sleeve the annular sheet on the recess.

[0031] In the above embodiment: a second partition 12 can also be provided on the inner wall of the connecting sleeve, and the second partition is located above the blocking ring to divide the detonation space into two parts; the thickness of the second partition is less than or equal to the thickness of the detonator mounting groove. By providing the second partition and setting the thickness of the second partition to be relatively small, the impact generated by the explosion of the detonator when being detonated is first limited to the bottom of the second partition, and then impacts the second partition. After the second partition is damaged, the impact quickly spreads to the top of the partition, and finally the detonator mounting groove is damaged by the impact, detonating the explosives in the charge bin. In the process of damage of the second partition, the detonation time of the detonator detonating the explosives in the charge bin is extended. The greater the thickness of the second partition, the longer the extension time. This structure can meet some situations that require delayed detonation.

[0032] The following is a method for using the above-mentioned underground upward hole bottom detonator, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0033] Step 1, use a gun rod to send an assembled downhole upward bottom-of-hole detonator into the bottom of the blast hole, then insert some spacers into the hole, and then send another assembled downhole upward bottom-of-hole detonator into the blast hole again, at this time, the downhole upward bottom-of-hole detonator can be pressed against the spacer, or a certain distance can be left between the downhole upward bottom-of-hole detonator and the spacer, and some spacers are inserted into the hole again, and then continue to send an assembled downhole upward bottom-of-hole detonator into the blast hole, so that a plurality of assembled downhole upward bottom-of-hole detonators are installed in one blast hole; when sending the downhole upward bottom-of-hole detonator into the blast hole, expose the detonating tube of the downhole upward bottom-of-hole detonator outside the blast hole;

[0034] Step 2, group the detonators exposed outside the tube, connect them using the cluster method, and then detonate. When grouping, generally 8 to 12 detonating cords are used as a group.

[0035] The method for using the above-mentioned downhole upward bottom hole detonator can be performed by assembling the downhole upward bottom hole detonator before step 1, or in step 1, assembling a downhole upward bottom hole detonator and sending it into the blast hole, and then assembling another downhole upward bottom hole detonator and sending it into the blast hole, in this way, multiple downhole upward bottom hole detonators are sent into the blast hole; wherein assembling the downhole upward bottom hole detonator includes the following steps:

[0036] First, after removing the top cap and the first partition, the emulsion explosive is loaded into the charge bin; then, after bundling the electric detonator and the detonating cord, the detonator is installed in the detonator installation groove, and the detonating cord is passed through the perforation and the lead hole to the outside of the charge bin; finally, the top cap and the first partition are connected to the charge bin. This method of use allows multiple underground upward-to-bottom-hole detonators to be loaded into one blast hole for use, and the blast hole can be detonated at multiple points, so that the blasting energy force is more uniform, the explosive energy is fully utilized, and the probability of large pieces being generated during blasting is reduced.

[0037] The above is only a detailed description of a specific implementation scheme of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made on the design concept of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for using an upward hole-bottom detonator in a well, characterized by: The underground upward hole bottom detonator comprises a top cap (1) and a charge bin (2), wherein the top cap is located at the top of the charge bin and is detachably connected to the charge bin, and is characterized in that a detonation space (3) is formed between the interior of the top cap and the charge bin; A detonator installation groove (4) is provided in the charge bin, the detonator installation groove is communicated with the detonation space, and a lead hole (5) is provided on the bottom surface of the charge bin and is communicated with the detonation space; A plurality of elastic tail wings (6) are circumferentially arranged at the bottom end of the charge bin, the elastic tail wings are arranged obliquely, and the bottom ends of the elastic tail wings are located outside the charge bin; the top surface of the charge bin is open to form an opening; The top cap comprises a support plate (1-1) and a connecting sleeve (1-2); the support plate is hemispherical in shape, a hemispherical groove is formed in the middle, the opening of the groove is arranged downward, the top end of the connecting sleeve is connected to the bottom end of the support plate, so that the interior of the connecting sleeve and the groove form a accommodating space with a closed top end; The bottom of the connecting sleeve is detachably connected to the medicine charging bin; A blocking ring (1-3) is arranged on the inner wall of the connecting sleeve, a first partition (9) is arranged between the blocking ring and the top surface of the medicine storage bin, the top surface of the first partition abuts against the blocking ring, the bottom surface of the first partition abuts against the top surface of the medicine storage bin, and the interior of the top cap forms the detonation space above the partition; The first partition plate is provided with a through hole (10) at a position corresponding to the lead hole, and the blocking ring is located outside the through hole; A fixing hole is provided in the middle of the first partition plate, and the top end of the detonator mounting groove is embedded in the fixing hole or is integrally provided with the inner wall of the fixing hole; The following steps are involved: Step 1, using a gun rod to send an assembled downhole upward bottom-of-hole detonator into the bottom of a blasthole, then insert some spacers into the hole, then send another assembled downhole upward bottom-of-hole detonator into the blasthole again, insert some spacers into the hole again, and continue to send an assembled downhole upward bottom-of-hole detonator into the blasthole, so that a plurality of assembled downhole upward bottom-of-hole detonators are installed in one blasthole; when sending the downhole upward bottom-of-hole detonator into the blasthole, expose the detonating tube of the downhole upward bottom-of-hole detonator outside the blasthole; Step 2, grouping the detonating cords protruding from the tube and connecting them by cluster connection method and then detonating them; Before step 1, the method further includes the step of assembling a downhole upward-to-bottom-hole detonator, wherein the assembling of the downhole upward-to-bottom-hole detonator includes the following steps: First, after removing the top cap and the first partition, the explosive (14) is loaded into the charge bin; Then, after the detonator (13) and the detonating tube (15) are bundled, the detonator is installed in the detonator installation groove, and the detonating tube is passed through the perforation and the lead hole to the outside of the charge bin; Finally, the top cap and the first partition are connected to the charge bin.

2. The method of use according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connector (7) is provided at the center of the bottom end of the medicine charging bin, and the diameter of the connector is smaller than the diameter of the medicine charging bin; The top end of the elastic tail wing is connected to the connecting body, so that the top end of the elastic tail wing is located on the inner side of the charge bin.

3. The method of use according to claim 2, characterized in that: A fixing ring (8) is sleeved on the connecting body, and the elastic tail wing is fixedly connected to the fixing ring; The fixing ring is detachably connected to the connecting body.

4. The method of use according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting body is a cylinder or a round tube.

5. The method of use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the medicine charging bin is provided with an inwardly facing recess, the outer side of the first partition is connected with an annular sheet (11), the annular sheet is sleeved on the recess and is located inside the connecting sleeve.

6. The method of use according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second partition plate (12) is arranged on the inner wall of the connecting sleeve, and the second partition plate is located above the blocking ring and divides the detonation space into two parts; The thickness of the second partition plate is less than or equal to the thickness of the detonator installation groove.

7. The method of use according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: There are at least two lead holes.

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