Tunnel boring machine and auxiliary excavation device for tunnel boring machine

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of tunneling equipment with drilling or cutting tools, and in particular to a tunnel boring machine and an auxiliary excavation device for a tunnel boring machine. The auxiliary excavation device for a tunnel boring machine comprises a mounting seat, a crushing device, and a swing arm driving mechanism. A ball joint structure is provided on the swing arm, and the swing arm is mounted on the mounting seat through the ball joint structure; the guide seat is used to guide the swing arm. When the swing arm driving mechanism applies a force to the swing arm to make the swing arm move, the swing arm swings back and forth relative to the guide seat under the guiding action of the guide seat. The auxiliary excavation device for a tunnel boring machine of the present invention is provided with a guide seat, and the swing arm can be guided by the guide seat. When the swing arm driving mechanism drives the swing arm to move, the swing arm is not easy to shake under the guiding action of the guide seat, and has better stability, which reduces the requirements for the swing arm driving mechanism and solves the technical problem of poor stability of the crushing head of the current auxiliary excavation device for a tunnel boring machine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of tunnel boring equipment with drilling or cutting tools, in particular to a tunnel boring machine and an auxiliary excavation device for the tunnel boring machine. Background Art

[0002] Generally, a circular cross-section tunnel can be excavated by a tunnel boring machine with a circular cutter disc. The area swept by the cutter disc rotating around the central axis is the circular tunnel cross section. For rectangular cross-section, horseshoe cross-section or other special-shaped cross-section (non-circular cross-section) tunnels, non-circular tunnel boring machines with multiple circular cutter discs are often used to excavate the tunnel cross section. Since the area swept by multiple cutter discs often cannot cover the entire tunnel cross section, the excavation rate of multiple cutter disc combinations is generally 88%~90%. The area that cannot be covered by the excavation of multiple cutter disc combinations is the blind area of ​​cutter disc excavation. The excavation of blind areas has a greater impact on the advancement speed of the tunnel boring machine. For soft soil bottom layers, the peripheral blind areas can be processed by the cutters on the circumferential edge of the shield body. However, for hard rock formations such as soft on top and hard on the bottom, local bedrock, bedrock protrusions, and full-section hard rock, it is easy to accelerate the wear of the cutter disc, deviate the excavation direction of the tunnel boring machine, and even make it impossible to move forward.

[0003] The Chinese patent application with application publication number CN112523761A discloses an auxiliary excavation device for a roadheader, including a crushing device and a sweeping drive mechanism. The crushing device includes a device base and a crushing head. The device base is movably assembled on a mounting seat. In one embodiment disclosed, the device base is mounted on the mounting seat, and the crushing head is driven to move by a plurality of adjustment drive cylinders. The device base is a swing arm. Since the crushing head needs to bear a certain force when working, it is difficult to rely on the drive cylinder to maintain the movement trajectory of the crushing head during the movement of the crushing head. The stability of the crushing head is poor, and the force of the drive cylinder is complex and easy to be damaged. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an auxiliary excavation device for a tunnel boring machine, so as to solve the technical problem that the crushing head of the current auxiliary excavation device for a tunnel boring machine has poor stability; in addition, the object of the present invention is also to provide a tunnel boring machine using the above-mentioned auxiliary excavation device for a tunnel boring machine, so as to improve the stability of the tunnel boring machine.

[0005] The auxiliary excavation device for a roadheader of the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] The auxiliary excavation device for the roadheader includes:

[0007] A mounting base, used for mounting on a frame of a tunnel boring machine;

[0008] The crushing device comprises a swing arm, a crushing head rotatably arranged on the swing arm, and a driving device for driving the crushing head to rotate;

[0009] The swing arm driving mechanism is used to apply force to the swing arm to move the swing arm when the crushing head is driven by the driving device, so as to change the position of the crushing head to clear the blind area of ​​excavation;

[0010] The swing arm is provided with a ball joint structure, and the swing arm is mounted on the mounting seat through the ball joint structure;

[0011] The guide seat is used to guide the swing arm. When the swing arm driving mechanism applies force to the swing arm to make the swing arm move, the swing arm swings back and forth relative to the guide seat under the guiding action of the guide seat. The guide seat is provided with a guide groove, and the swing arm extends into the guide groove and cooperates with the guide of the guide groove. The auxiliary excavation device for the tunnel boring machine also includes a guide seat adjustment structure for adjusting the posture of the guide seat. The guide seat adjustment structure adjusts the moving path of the swing arm by adjusting the posture of the guide seat. The guide seat adjustment structure includes an adjustment seat, and the adjustment seat has an adjustment surface. The guide seat or the mounting seat is provided with a fitting surface that fits with the adjustment surface. The guide seat and the adjustment seat can be detachably fixed, and the posture of the guide seat is adjusted by changing the posture of the adjustment surface.

[0012] Beneficial effects: The swing arm in the auxiliary excavation device for the tunnel boring machine of the present invention is installed on the mounting seat, which is convenient for installation and adjustment. In addition, the guide seat can be added to guide the swing arm. When the swing arm driving mechanism drives the swing arm to move, the swing arm is not easy to shake under the guidance of the guide seat, and the stability is better, which reduces the requirements for the swing arm driving mechanism and solves the technical problem of poor stability of the crushing head of the auxiliary excavation device for the tunnel boring machine. The guide seat adjustment structure can realize the rotation of the guide seat around the ball center of the front ball joint, so as to adjust the front milling head to cut the face area, and at the same time determine whether the face is over-excavated. The guide seat can be adjusted by replacing the adjustment seat or changing the posture of the adjustment surface on the adjustment seat. The adjustment surface is in contact with the fitting surface, which has higher stability. The guide groove structure is relatively simple and is more stable with the swing arm.

[0013] Furthermore, the swing arm is located at the rear side of the crushing head, the rear end of the swing arm is guided and matched with the guide seat, and the ball joint structure of the swing arm is located at the rear side of the crushing head and at the front side of the guide seat, which is convenient for the installation of the swing arm.

[0014] Another form of the guide seat adjustment structure is: the guide seat adjustment structure includes a guide seat driving mechanism, and the guide seat driving mechanism changes the posture of the guide seat by driving the guide seat to move. The guide seat driving mechanism is relatively convenient to adjust and has high adjustment efficiency.

[0015] Furthermore, the guide seat driving mechanism is a telescopic driving cylinder, the cylinder body of the telescopic driving cylinder is hinged on the mounting seat, and the piston rod of the telescopic driving cylinder is hinged to the guide seat. The telescopic driving cylinder has a simple structure and is easy to adjust and control.

[0016] Furthermore, the auxiliary excavation device for the roadheader has an adjustment and cleaning working state in which the guide seat driving mechanism and the swing arm driving mechanism work simultaneously. In the adjustment and cleaning working state, the auxiliary excavation device has a higher excavation efficiency and a larger coverage area.

[0017] In addition, the auxiliary excavation device for the roadheader has a sweeping working state in which the guide seat driving mechanism stops working and the swing arm driving mechanism starts working after the guide seat driving mechanism is adjusted into place. The excavation device works more stably and is suitable for over-excavation operations.

[0018] Furthermore, the guide seat driving mechanism drives the guide seat to make circular motion around the ball center of the ball joint structure, which is beneficial for the guide seat and the swing arm to maintain a high guiding accuracy.

[0019] Furthermore, the guide groove is an arc groove, which is consistent with the motion trajectory of the swing arm and is easy to assemble.

[0020] Furthermore, the crushing device includes a crushing rod connecting a crushing head and a driving device, the crushing head is connected to the front end of the crushing rod, and a spiral slag discharge structure for conveying slag from the back to the front to discharge slag forward is arranged on the crushing rod or on the periphery of the crushing rod, and the crushing knives on the crushing head are arranged in a spiral shape to discharge slag backward, thereby improving the cutting efficiency of the crushing knives and reducing the accumulation of slag at the rear end.

[0021] Furthermore, an outer sleeve is fixed to the rear side of the crushing head, the outer sleeve is located outside the crushing rod, the rear end of the outer sleeve is rotatably sleeved on the swing arm, and the spiral slag discharge structure is arranged on the outer sleeve, so as to facilitate the processing of the spiral slag discharge structure.

[0022] The technical solution of the tunnel boring machine of the present invention is as follows:

[0023] A tunnel boring machine, comprising a frame, a tunneling cutterhead and an auxiliary excavation device for the tunnel boring machine, wherein the auxiliary excavation device for the tunnel boring machine comprises:

[0024] A mounting base, used for mounting on a frame of a tunnel boring machine;

[0025] The crushing device comprises a swing arm, a crushing head rotatably arranged on the swing arm, and a driving device for driving the crushing head to rotate;

[0026] The swing arm driving mechanism is used to apply force to the swing arm to move the swing arm when the crushing head is driven by the driving device, so as to change the position of the crushing head to clear the blind area of ​​excavation;

[0027] The swing arm is provided with a ball joint structure, and the swing arm is mounted on the mounting seat through the ball joint structure;

[0028] The guide seat is used to guide the swing arm. When the swing arm driving mechanism applies force to the swing arm to make the swing arm move, the swing arm swings back and forth relative to the guide seat under the guiding action of the guide seat. The guide seat is provided with a guide groove, and the swing arm extends into the guide groove and cooperates with the guide of the guide groove. The auxiliary excavation device for the tunnel boring machine also includes a guide seat adjustment structure for adjusting the posture of the guide seat. The guide seat adjustment structure adjusts the moving path of the swing arm by adjusting the posture of the guide seat. The guide seat adjustment structure includes an adjustment seat, and the adjustment seat has an adjustment surface. The guide seat or the mounting seat is provided with a fitting surface that fits with the adjustment surface. The guide seat and the adjustment seat can be detachably fixed, and the posture of the guide seat is adjusted by changing the posture of the adjustment surface.

[0029] Beneficial effect: The swing arm in the auxiliary excavation device for the tunnel boring machine of the present invention is installed on the mounting seat, which is convenient for installation and adjustment. In addition, a guide seat is added to guide the swing arm. When the swing arm driving mechanism drives the swing arm to move, the swing arm is not easy to shake under the guidance of the guide seat, and the stability is better, thereby improving the stability of the tunnel boring machine. The guide seat adjustment structure can realize the rotation of the guide seat around the center of the front ball joint, so as to adjust the front milling head cutting face area, and at the same time determine whether the face is over-excavated. The guide seat can be adjusted by replacing the adjustment seat or changing the posture of the adjustment surface on the adjustment seat. The adjustment surface is in contact with the fitting surface, and the stability is higher. The guide groove structure is relatively simple and is more stable in combination with the swing arm.

[0030] Furthermore, the swing arm is located at the rear side of the crushing head, the rear end of the swing arm is guided and matched with the guide seat, and the ball joint structure of the swing arm is located at the rear side of the crushing head and at the front side of the guide seat, which is convenient for the installation of the swing arm.

[0031] Another form of the guide seat adjustment structure is: the guide seat adjustment structure includes a guide seat driving mechanism, and the guide seat driving mechanism changes the posture of the guide seat by driving the guide seat to move. The guide seat driving mechanism is relatively convenient to adjust and has high adjustment efficiency.

[0032] Furthermore, the guide seat driving mechanism is a telescopic driving cylinder, the cylinder body of the telescopic driving cylinder is hinged on the mounting seat, and the piston rod of the telescopic driving cylinder is hinged to the guide seat. The telescopic driving cylinder has a simple structure and is easy to adjust and control.

[0033] Furthermore, the auxiliary excavation device for the roadheader has an adjustment and cleaning working state in which the guide seat driving mechanism and the swing arm driving mechanism work simultaneously. In the adjustment and cleaning working state, the auxiliary excavation device has a higher excavation efficiency and a larger coverage area.

[0034] In addition, the auxiliary excavation device for the roadheader has a sweeping working state in which the guide seat driving mechanism stops working and the swing arm driving mechanism starts working after the guide seat driving mechanism is adjusted into place. The excavation device works more stably and is suitable for over-excavation operations.

[0035] Furthermore, the guide seat driving mechanism drives the guide seat to make circular motion around the ball center of the ball joint structure, which is beneficial for the guide seat and the swing arm to maintain a high guiding accuracy.

[0036] Furthermore, the guide groove is an arc groove, which is consistent with the motion trajectory of the swing arm and is easy to assemble.

[0037] Furthermore, the crushing device includes a crushing rod connecting a crushing head and a driving device, the crushing head is connected to the front end of the crushing rod, and a spiral slag discharge structure for conveying slag from the back to the front to discharge slag forward is arranged on the crushing rod or on the periphery of the crushing rod, and the crushing knives on the crushing head are arranged in a spiral shape to discharge slag backward, thereby improving the cutting efficiency of the crushing knives and reducing the accumulation of slag at the rear end.

[0038] Furthermore, an outer sleeve is fixed to the rear side of the crushing head, the outer sleeve is located outside the crushing rod, the rear end of the outer sleeve is rotatably sleeved on the swing arm, and the spiral slag discharge structure is arranged on the outer sleeve, so as to facilitate the processing of the spiral slag discharge structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a specific embodiment 1 of a tunnel boring machine of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of an auxiliary excavation device for a tunnel boring machine in a specific embodiment 1 of the tunnel boring machine of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a tunnel boring machine auxiliary excavation device installed in a specific embodiment 1 of the tunnel boring machine of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 It is a forward schematic diagram of an auxiliary excavation device for a tunnel boring machine in a specific embodiment 1 of the tunnel boring machine of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the excavation path of the auxiliary excavation device for the tunnel boring machine in the specific embodiment 1 of the tunnel boring machine of the present invention (the arrow indicates the direction in which the crushing head can move);

[0044] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of an auxiliary excavation device for a tunnel boring machine in a specific embodiment 2 of the tunnel boring machine of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of a tunnel boring machine auxiliary excavation device installed in a specific embodiment 2 of the tunnel boring machine of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of an adjustment seat of an auxiliary excavation device for a tunnel boring machine in a specific embodiment 2 of the tunnel boring machine of the present invention;

[0047] Figures 1 to 5 Middle: 11, tunnel boring machine partition; 111, slag discharge port; 2, tunnel boring cutter head; 3, auxiliary excavation device for tunnel boring machine; 31, mounting seat; 311, support cylinder; 32, crushing device; 321, swing arm; 3211, connecting arm; 3212, ball joint body; 322, crushing head; 3221, head crushing knife; 323, outer sleeve; 324, spiral slag discharge blade; 325, inner sleeve; 33, adjustment drive cylinder; 34, guide seat; 341, guide groove; 35, telescopic drive cylinder;

[0048] Figures 6 to 8 Middle: 31, mounting seat; 33, swing arm driving cylinder; 34, guide seat; 36, adjustment seat; 361, adjustment surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention, that is, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0050] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] It should be noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0052] The features and performance of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0053] Specific embodiment 1 of the tunnel boring machine of the present invention:

[0054] The tunnel boring machine of the present invention is a non-circular tunnel boring machine, which is applied to the excavation of tunnels with rectangular cross-sections, horseshoe cross-sections or other special-shaped cross-sections (non-circular cross-sections).

[0055] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the non-circular tunnel boring machine includes a frame, a driving cutter head 2 and an auxiliary excavation device 3 for the tunnel boring machine, and the auxiliary excavation device 3 for the tunnel boring machine includes a mounting seat 31 mounted on the frame, a crushing device 32, and a swing arm driving mechanism. The frame includes a tunnel boring machine partition 11 arranged at the rear side of the driving cutter head 2. The mounting seat 31 is fixed on the tunnel boring machine partition 11.

[0056] The crushing device 32 includes a swing arm 321, a crushing head 322 rotatably arranged on the swing arm 321, a driving device for driving the crushing head 322 to rotate, and a crushing rod connecting the crushing head 322 and the driving device. The driving device is located at the rear side of the crushing head 322, and the crushing rod extends forward and backward.

[0057] The swing arm 321 is assembled on the mounting seat 31 with a ball joint. The swing arm 321 includes a ball joint body 3212 and a connecting arm 3211 arranged front and back. The ball joint body 3212 and the connecting arm 3211 are fixedly connected. The ball joint body 3212 is fixed with an inner sleeve 325 by bolts. In this embodiment, the ball joint body 3212 is a hollow structure, and the ball joint body 3212 constitutes a ball joint structure arranged on the swing arm. The driving device is a driving motor, which is fixed in the inner sleeve 325. In other embodiments, the ball joint structure can be a solid ball head, a spherical bearing, or other mature ball joint structure forms in the prior art.

[0058] The crushing head 322 is used to crush the excavation blind area of ​​the tunnel boring machine. The crushing head 322 is provided with a head crushing knife 3221. In this embodiment, the crushing head 322 is a cutting head, and the head crushing knife 3221 is a head cutting knife. The excavation blind area of ​​the tunnel boring machine is crushed by the cutting knife, and the crushing efficiency is high. An outer sleeve 323 is fixed to the rear side of the crushing head 322. The outer sleeve 323 is located outside the inner sleeve 325, and the rear end of the outer sleeve 323 is rotatably sleeved on the inner sleeve 325. In this embodiment, the front end of the outer sleeve 323 is welded and fixed to the crushing head 322, and a bearing is provided between the rear end of the outer sleeve 323 and the inner sleeve 325. The outer sleeve 323 is rotatably assembled on the inner sleeve 325 through the bearing. A sealing plate is provided at the rear end of the outer sleeve 323, and the gap between the rear end of the outer sleeve 323 and the inner sleeve 325 is sealed by the sealing plate to prevent debris from entering the outer sleeve.

[0059] The outer sleeve 323 is provided with a spiral slag discharge structure for conveying slag from the back to the front to realize forward slag discharge. The spiral slag discharge structure includes a spiral slag discharge blade 324 fixed on the surface of the outer sleeve 323, and the spiral slag discharge blade 324 is arranged in a spiral shape from the back to the front. The head crushing knife 3221 on the crushing head 322 is arranged in a spiral shape to be able to discharge slag backwards. The crushing head 322 discharges the cut slag backwards, which is conducive to improving the cutting efficiency. At the same time, the spiral slag discharge blade 324 is used to discharge slag forward to avoid the accumulation of slag at the rear side. The slag is discharged forward by the spiral slag discharge blade 324, and the crushing head 322 discharges slag backwards. The slag conveyed forward and the slag conveyed backward meet at the connection between the crushing head 322 and the outer sleeve, and disperse and move around, which can accelerate the movement to the slag discharge port, and finally discharged through the slag discharge port 111 on the tunnel boring machine partition 11.

[0060] The front end of the breaker bar is fixed to the breaker head 322, and the rear end is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving device. The breaker bar is rotatably assembled in the inner sleeve 325. In this embodiment, a bearing is provided between the breaker bar and the inner sleeve 325 to ensure the assembly accuracy of the breaker bar and the inner sleeve 325, and also to enable the breaker bar to rotate smoothly relative to the inner sleeve 325.

[0061] The swing arm driving mechanism is used to apply force to the swing arm 321 to move the swing arm 321 when the crushing head 322 is driven by the driving device, so as to change the position of the crushing head 322 to clear the excavation blind area.

[0062] In this embodiment, the swing arm driving mechanism includes a swing arm driving cylinder 33, the piston rod of the swing arm driving cylinder 33 is hinged to the connecting arm 3211 of the swing arm 321, and the swing arm driving cylinder is extended and retracted to drive the swing arm 321 to move, thereby changing the position of the crushing head 322.

[0063] During the process of cutting the blind area, the crushing head 322 cuts while moving. If the posture of the crushing head 322 is maintained by the swing arm driving mechanism alone, the stability will be poor, and the requirements for the swing arm driving cylinder 33 will be high. In order to improve the stability of the crushing head 322 and reduce the requirements for the swing arm driving cylinder 33, the auxiliary excavation device 3 for the tunnel boring machine of the present invention includes a guide seat 34, and the guide seat 34 has an arc-shaped guide groove 341. The rear end of the swing arm 321 extends into the guide groove 341 and slides with the guide groove 341. The swing arm 321 swings back and forth relative to the guide groove 341. Under the guiding action of the guide groove 341, the degree of freedom of the swing arm 321 is reduced, and the swing arm driving cylinder 33 only needs to drive the swing arm 321 to slide along the guide groove 341, so that the crushing head 322 runs more stably. During the reciprocating swing of the swing arm 321, the ball center of the ball hinge body 3212 is used as the swing center.

[0064] In order to increase the range of motion of the crushing head 322 , in this embodiment, the auxiliary excavation device 3 for the tunnel boring machine also includes a guide seat adjustment structure for adjusting the posture of the guide seat 34 . The guide seat adjustment structure adjusts the moving path of the swing arm 321 by adjusting the posture of the guide seat 34 .

[0065] The guide seat adjustment structure includes a telescopic drive cylinder 35, the cylinder body of the telescopic drive cylinder 35 is hinged on the mounting seat, the piston rod of the telescopic drive cylinder 35 is hinged to the guide seat 34, and the telescopic drive cylinder 35 causes the guide seat 34 to move around the ball center of the ball hinge body 3212 by telescoping. The telescopic drive cylinder 35 changes the posture of the guide seat 34 by driving the guide seat 34 to move. In the present invention, the change of the guide seat posture is not limited to the above-mentioned situation that the guide seat swings around a certain point. In some occasions, such as when the guide seat has a low guiding accuracy for the swing arm, the change of the guide seat posture also includes the position change of the guide seat translation movement.

[0066] The hinge axis between the piston rod of the telescopic drive cylinder 35 and the guide seat 34 is perpendicular to the hinge axis between the cylinder body of the telescopic drive cylinder 35 and the mounting seat, so as to control the posture of the guide seat 34. In this embodiment, two telescopic drive cylinders 35 are provided, and the cylinder bodies of the two telescopic drive cylinders coincide with the hinge axis of the mounting seat, and the piston rods of the two telescopic drive cylinders are arranged in parallel with the hinge axis of the guide seat. The two telescopic drive cylinders 35 are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the guide seat 34, and the two telescopic drive cylinders 35 support the guide seat 34. The telescopic drive cylinders 35 in this embodiment constitute a guide seat driving mechanism. In other embodiments, the guide seat driving mechanism that drives the guide seat to move can also be an electric push rod.

[0067] The guide seat 34 is driven by the telescopic driving cylinder 35 to move around the ball center of the ball hinge body 3212. After the guide seat 34 moves, since the swing arm 321 is installed on the mounting seat 31, the movable range of the crushing head 322 will also change accordingly, which can increase the movable range of the crushing head 322 and realize all-round cleaning of the blind spot.

[0068] In this embodiment, one end of the swing arm drive cylinder 33 is connected to the swing arm 321, and the other end is connected to the guide seat 34. The piston rod of the swing arm drive cylinder 33 is hinged on the swing arm 321, and the cylinder body is hinged on the guide seat 34. In this embodiment, the swing arm drive cylinder 33 and the telescopic drive cylinder 35 are both hydraulic cylinders.

[0069] The mounting seat 31 is installed on the side of the tunnel boring machine partition 11 facing away from the tunnel boring cutter disc 2. The mounting seat 31 includes a support tube 311 for being arranged on the side of the tunnel boring machine partition 11 facing away from the tunnel boring cutter disc 2. The swing arm 321 is movably assembled on the support tube 311. In this embodiment, the support tube 311 is welded and fixed on the excavator partition 11.

[0070] The support cylinder 311 extends forward and backward, the front end of the support cylinder 311 is fixed on the tunnel boring machine partition 11, and the swing arm 321 is installed at the rear end of the support cylinder 311. In this embodiment, the left and right side walls of the support cylinder 311 gradually move away from each other from the back to the front, and the upper and lower side walls are parallel, so that the opening of the support cylinder 311 at one end away from the tunnel boring machine partition 11 is smaller than the opening at one end close to the tunnel boring machine partition 11, thereby increasing the range of motion of the crushing head 322 and facilitating the operation of the crushing head 322.

[0071] In order to ensure sealing, the rear end opening of the support tube 311 is closed. A fixing plate and a ball joint seat fixed on the fixing plate are fixed to the rear end of the support tube 311. The fixing plate, the ball joint seat and the crushing device block the rear end opening of the support tube. The ball joint seat includes a front seat body and a rear seat body which are arranged in a front and rear split manner. The front seat body and the rear seat body are fixed by bolts. The ball joint body 3212 is adapted to the ball joint seat, and the outer peripheral surface of the ball joint body 3212 is spherical, and the swing arm 321 is dynamically sealed with the ball joint seat.

[0072] Since the support tube 311 is arranged at the rear side of the tunnel boring machine partition 11, the crushing rod moves in the support tube 311 during use, so that the size of the soil bin in the front-to-back direction is not increased, and the length of the rear shaft of the tunnel boring cutter disc 2 is not increased, and the tunnel boring cutter disc 2 is not overhanging forward, which reduces the strength requirement for the shaft of the tunnel boring cutter disc 2. The spiral slag discharge structure discharges slag forward, which can reduce the slag entering the support tube and affecting the swing of the crushing head 322.

[0073] Three slag discharge ports 111 are provided on the tunnel boring machine partition 11, and auxiliary excavation devices 3 for tunnel boring machines are provided on both sides of the middle slag discharge port 111. The auxiliary excavation devices 3 for tunnel boring machines on both sides can squeeze the slag discharge ports 111 on both sides to discharge the slag.

[0074] In this embodiment, the tunnel boring machine is an earth pressure balance tunnel boring machine, the front side of the tunnel boring machine partition 11 is a soil bin, and the tunnel boring machine partition 11 forms the rear side plate of the soil bin. In other embodiments, the tunnel boring machine can also be a mud and water balance tunnel boring machine, in which the front side of the tunnel boring machine partition is a mud and water bin, and the tunnel boring machine partition forms the rear side plate of the mud and water bin.

[0075] The cutter head is arranged at the rear side of the tunneling cutter disc 2, at the excavation blind area of ​​the tunneling machine cutter disc. The tunneling cutter disc 2 is equipped with a roller cutter and is suitable for hard rock formations.

[0076] The auxiliary excavation device 3 for the tunnel boring machine in this embodiment has two working states, one of which is an adjustment and cleaning working state in which the telescopic drive cylinder 35 and the swing arm drive cylinder 33 work simultaneously, and the other is a cleaning working state in which, after the telescopic drive cylinder 35 is adjusted into place, the telescopic drive cylinder 35 stops working and the swing arm drive cylinder 33 starts working.

[0077] like Figure 5As shown, during the excavation process of the tunnel boring machine, the tunneling cutter head 2 rotates to perform excavation operations on the face. For excavation in the blind area, the crushing head 322 rotates itself to cut the rock and soil. At the same time, the crushing head 322 is cut left and right and up and down through the swing arm drive cylinder 33 and the telescopic drive cylinder 35. When over-excavation is required, the telescopic drive cylinder 35 is first used to adjust the over-excavation amount of the crushing head 322, and then the telescopic function of the swing arm drive cylinder 33 is used to drive the crushing head 322 to swing left and right, thereby achieving overall over-excavation in the blind area. In this embodiment, only the excavation path of the crushing head 322 is illustrated. According to the actual situation, hydraulic control is used to achieve excavation along multiple routes.

[0078] The specific embodiment 2 of the tunnel boring machine of the present invention is different from the above-mentioned embodiment only in that:

[0079] In this embodiment, the space inside the tunnel boring machine is limited and the telescopic drive cylinder cannot be arranged. Figures 6 to 8 As shown, in this embodiment, the swing arm drive cylinder 33 is located at the front side of the guide seat 34. The guide seat adjustment structure includes an adjustment seat 36, and the adjustment seat 36 has an adjustment surface 361. The guide seat 34 is provided with a fitting surface that fits with the adjustment surface. The posture of the guide seat 34 is adjusted by changing the posture of the adjustment surface 361 of the adjustment seat 36. The adjustment seat 36 is fixed to the mounting seat 31 and the guide seat 34. In this embodiment, the adjustment surface 361 is an inclined surface. By replacing the adjustment seat 36 and changing the inclination angle of the adjustment surface 361 on the adjustment seat 36, the posture of the guide seat 34 can be adjusted. In order to facilitate the adjustment of the posture of the guide seat, the adjustment seat is connected with the mounting seat and the guide seat by bolts, and the bolt connection facilitates the disassembly of the adjustment seat. In this embodiment, only one adjustment surface 361 is provided. In other embodiments, two adjustment surfaces can be provided. The two adjustment surfaces are respectively fitted with the mounting seat and the guide seat. When the adjustment seat is replaced, the posture of the two adjustment surfaces can be changed to adjust the posture of the guide seat.

[0080] In other embodiments, the guide seat may be fixedly connected to the mounting seat, in which case the guide seat adjustment structure is not required.

[0081] Specific embodiment 3 of the tunnel boring machine of the present invention is different from the above embodiments only in that: in this embodiment, the articulation axis between the piston rod and the guide seat is not perpendicular to the articulation axis between the cylinder body and the mounting seat, and the angle between the two articulation axes is less than 90 degrees and greater than 0 degrees.

[0082] The specific embodiment 4 of the tunnel boring machine of the present invention is different from the above-mentioned embodiment only in that: in this embodiment, the auxiliary excavation device for the tunnel boring machine only has an adjustment and sweeping working state in which the guide seat driving mechanism and the swing arm driving mechanism work simultaneously. Similarly, the auxiliary excavation device can also only have a sweeping working state. In other embodiments, the swing arm driving mechanism can also adopt an electric push rod, a connecting rod mechanism, a gear rack mechanism, etc.

[0083] Specific embodiment 5 of the tunnel boring machine of the present invention, in the above embodiment, the guide seat driving mechanism drives the guide seat to make circular motion around the center of the ball of the ball joint structure, the difference between this embodiment and the above embodiment is only that: the guide seat driving mechanism drives the guide seat to move linearly, at this time, a certain angle of swing should be allowed between the guide groove on the guide seat and the swing arm.

[0084] In a specific embodiment 6 of the tunnel boring machine of the present invention, in the above embodiment, a guide groove is arranged on the guide seat, and the swing arm is guided by the guide groove. The difference between this embodiment and the above embodiment is only that a guide bar is arranged on the guide seat, and a slide groove adapted to the guide bar is arranged on the swing arm.

[0085] In a specific embodiment 7 of the tunnel boring machine of the present invention, the spiral slag discharge structure is a spiral blade. The difference between this embodiment and the above-mentioned embodiment is that the spiral slag discharge structure in this embodiment is a spiral groove. In other embodiments, the spiral slag discharge structure can also be formed by a spirally arranged crushing knife. In other embodiments, the outer sleeve can also eliminate the spiral inspection structure, and the outer peripheral surface of the outer sleeve is a cylindrical surface.

[0086] In other embodiments, the crushing head may be in the shape of a drum, or a ball head with crushing teeth arranged outside the ball head.

[0087] In other embodiments, the guide seat driving mechanism may also adopt a rack and pinion mechanism.

[0088] In other embodiments, the guide seat can be arranged on the front side of the ball joint structure; the guide seat and the ball joint structure can also be arranged up and down, in which case a guide arm that cooperates with the guide seat needs to be provided at the ball joint structure.

[0089] In other embodiments, the guiding method of the guide seat for the swing arm is not limited to left and right swinging, and the adjustment method of the guide seat is not limited to pitch adjustment. According to actual needs, the guiding method of the guide seat for the swing arm and the adjustment method of the guide seat can be a combination of any forms. For example, the guide seat guides the pitch motion of the swing arm, and the guide seat is adjusted through the guide seat adjustment structure to enable the swing arm to move left and right. Even the swing arm can swing along a set trajectory to make the trajectory of the crushing head circular, square, elliptical or other arbitrary shapes.

[0090] In other embodiments, the mounting base of the auxiliary excavation device is formed by a part of the frame of the tunnel boring machine, and the auxiliary excavation device is directly mounted on the frame of the tunnel boring machine during installation.

[0091] A specific embodiment of the auxiliary excavation device for a tunnel boring machine of the present invention, the auxiliary excavation device for a tunnel boring machine in this embodiment has the same structure as the auxiliary excavation device for a tunnel boring machine described in any of the above specific embodiments, and will not be described in detail.

[0092] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. The patent protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the claims. All equivalent structural changes made using the contents of the description and drawings of the present invention should also be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Auxiliary excavation device for roadheaders, include: A mounting seat (31) for mounting on a frame of a tunnel boring machine; The crushing device (32) comprises a swing arm (321), a crushing head (322) rotatably arranged on the swing arm (321), and a driving device for driving the crushing head (322) to rotate; The swing arm driving mechanism is used to apply a force to the swing arm (321) to move the swing arm (321) when the crushing head (322) is driven by the driving device to change the position of the crushing head (322) to clear the excavation blind area; The swing arm (321) is provided with a ball joint structure, and the swing arm (321) is mounted on the mounting seat (31) via the ball joint structure; Characterized in that the auxiliary excavation device for the roadheader also includes: The guide seat (34) is used to guide the swing arm (321). When the swing arm driving mechanism applies a force to the swing arm (321) to move the swing arm (321), the swing arm (321) reciprocates relative to the guide seat (34) under the guiding action of the guide seat (34); The guide seat (34) is provided with a guide groove (341), and the swing arm (321) extends into the guide groove (341) and cooperates with the guide groove (341) for guidance; The auxiliary excavation device for the roadheader further comprises a guide seat adjustment structure for adjusting the posture of the guide seat (34); the guide seat adjustment structure adjusts the movable path of the swing arm (321) by adjusting the posture of the guide seat (34); the guide seat adjustment structure comprises an adjustment seat (36); the adjustment seat (36) has an adjustment surface (361); a fitting surface that fits the adjustment surface (361) is provided on the guide seat (34) or the mounting seat (31); the guide seat (34) and the adjustment seat (36) are detachably fixed; the posture of the guide seat (34) is adjusted by changing the posture of the adjustment surface (361).

2. The auxiliary excavation device for a tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The swing arm (321) is located at the rear side of the crushing head (322), the rear end of the swing arm (321) is in guiding cooperation with the guide seat (34), and the ball joint structure of the swing arm (321) is located at the rear side of the crushing head (322) and at the front side of the guide seat (34).

3. The auxiliary excavation device for a tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The guide seat adjustment structure comprises a guide seat driving mechanism, and the guide seat driving mechanism changes the posture of the guide seat (34) by driving the guide seat (34) to move.

4. The auxiliary excavation device for a roadheader according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The guide seat driving mechanism is a telescopic driving cylinder (35), a cylinder body of the telescopic driving cylinder (35) is hinged on the mounting seat (31), and a piston rod of the telescopic driving cylinder (35) is hinged to the guide seat (34).

5. The auxiliary excavation device for a roadheader according to claim 3 or 4, It is characterized in that The auxiliary excavation device for a roadheader has an adjustment and sweeping working state in which the guide seat driving mechanism and the swing arm driving mechanism work simultaneously.

6. The auxiliary excavation device for a roadheader according to claim 3 or 4, It is characterized in that The auxiliary excavation device for a roadheader has a sweeping working state in which, after the guide seat driving mechanism is adjusted into place, the guide seat driving mechanism stops working and the swing arm driving mechanism starts working.

7. The auxiliary excavation device for a roadheader according to claim 3 or 4, It is characterized in that The guide seat driving mechanism drives the guide seat (34) to perform circular motion around the ball center of the ball joint structure.

8. The auxiliary excavation device for a roadheader according to any one of claims 1 to 3, It is characterized in that The guide groove (341) is an arc-shaped groove.

9. The auxiliary excavation device for a roadheader according to any one of claims 1 to 3, It is characterized in that The crushing device (32) comprises a crushing rod connecting a crushing head (322) and a driving device, the crushing head (322) being connected to the front end of the crushing rod, and a spiral slag discharge structure for conveying slag from the rear to the front to discharge slag forward is provided on the crushing rod or on the periphery of the crushing rod, and the crushing knives on the crushing head (322) are arranged in a spiral shape to discharge slag backward.

10. The auxiliary excavation device for a roadheader according to claim 9, It is characterized in that An outer sleeve (323) is fixed to the rear side of the crushing head (322). The outer sleeve (323) is located outside the crushing rod. The rear end of the outer sleeve (323) is rotatably sleeved on the swing arm (321). The spiral slag discharge structure is arranged on the outer sleeve (323).

11. A tunnel boring machine comprising a frame, a tunnel boring cutter head (2) and an auxiliary excavation device (3) for the tunnel boring machine, It is characterized in that The auxiliary excavation device for a roadheader is the auxiliary excavation device for a roadheader as described in any one of claims 1-10.

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