A method and device for processing dynamic electrocardiogram data based on RR interval ratio scatter plot.

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of electrocardiogram data, and specifically discloses a dynamic electrocardiogram data processing method for quickly locating and batch processing ectopic heartbeats based on an RR interval ratio scatter plot, and accelerating dynamic electrocardiogram data analysis and diagnosis, including QRS wave detection of the original data of the dynamic electrocardiogram, extracting waveform features, and classifying heartbeats according to the features; traversing the QRS wave data, using the difference method to obtain and store the RR interval values ​​of all heartbeats; using the ratio of the RR interval of the current heartbeat to the RR interval of the previous heartbeat obtained in step S2 as the abscissa, and the ratio of the RR interval of the next heartbeat to the RR interval of the current heartbeat as the ordinate, and drawing a scatter plot of the RR interval ratio for each heartbeat; selecting multiple heartbeats with obvious ectopic features on the RR interval ratio scatter plot for batch processing, and completing the heartbeat processing operation of the dynamic electrocardiogram. And a processing device corresponding to the processing method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electrocardiogram data, and in particular to a dynamic electrocardiogram data processing method and a processing device based on an RR interval ratio scatter plot. Background Art

[0002] Dynamic ECG data refers to the ECG signals collected by patients wearing ECG recorders for a long time (24 hours or more). After the collection is completed, the user (such as a doctor) reads the data from the recorder into the computer software through the ECG analysis software for analysis and processing, and finally gives a diagnosis. At present, ECG scatter plots are mainly used to analyze and process dynamic ECG data to enhance the diagnosis and identification functions of dynamic ECG. ECG scatter plots are also called Lorenz scatter plots. The scatter plots are drawn on a plane with the length of the previous RR interval of two adjacent cardiac cycles as the horizontal coordinate and the next RR interval as the vertical coordinate. The shape of the Lorenz scatter plot can be used to quickly achieve qualitative analysis of rhythm types.

[0003] However, since the Lorenz scatter plot only contains interval information, it has obvious disadvantages in locating atrial premature beats, ventricular premature beats, etc., which require the use of advance rate and compensation interval to determine heartbeat location, as well as in quickly checking common ventricular premature beats and inserted ventricular premature beats. Figure 1 , Figure 1 Figure a in the middle shows the Lorenz scatter plot of a normal heartbeat. In the upper left area at a 45-degree angle, there are cases where missed atrial premature beats are confused with normal heartbeats. However, since the scatter plot does not display the advance rate information, the user can only continuously select heartbeats to confirm atrial premature beats one by one. In this process, due to the large number of heartbeats, the test analysis will consume a lot of time, which is not conducive to improving the efficiency of ECG data processing. Figure 1 Figure b in the middle shows the Lorenz scatter plot of a ventricular premature beat case. The dynamic ECG data contains both common ventricular premature beats and insertional ventricular premature beats. However, since the Lorenz scatter plot only displays the interval information, the user cannot quickly distinguish between the two types of ventricular premature beats through the scatter plot, which reduces the reliability of the ECG data analysis results. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a dynamic ECG data processing method and processing device based on the RR interval ratio scatter plot, which can realize rapid positioning and batch processing of ectopic heart beats, and thus realize rapid analysis and diagnosis of dynamic ECG data, in order to address the technical problems of low efficiency of ECG data processing and poor reliability of analysis results when using Lorenz scatter plot for analysis.

[0005] A method for processing dynamic electrocardiogram data based on RR interval ratio scatter plot comprises the following steps:

[0006] Step S1: Perform QRS wave detection on the original data of the dynamic electrocardiogram, extract QRS waveform features, and classify the heartbeats according to the features, obtain the position information and type information of the heartbeats, and realize preprocessing of the dynamic electrocardiogram data;

[0007] Step S2: traverse the QRS wave data, use the differential method to obtain and store the RR interval values ​​of all heart beats, and the RR interval value of the current heart beat is the difference between the QRS wave position of the current heart beat and the QRS wave position of the previous heart beat;

[0008] Step S3: Using the ratio of the RR interval of the current heartbeat to the RR interval of the previous heartbeat obtained in step S2 as the abscissa, and the ratio of the RR interval of the next heartbeat to the RR interval of the current heartbeat as the ordinate, a scatter plot of the RR interval ratio of the dynamic electrocardiogram data is drawn beat by beat;

[0009] Step S4: The heartbeat processing operation of the dynamic electrocardiogram is completed by selecting multiple heartbeats with obvious ectopic characteristics on the RR interval ratio scatter plot for batch processing.

[0010] In one embodiment, the QRS waveform features include width, area, interval ratio and similarity.

[0011] In one of the embodiments, a differential threshold method is used to perform the QRS wave detection.

[0012] In one embodiment, the drawing of the RR interval ratio scatter plot includes:

[0013] Step S31: obtaining the first heartbeat information;

[0014] Step S32: determine whether the heartbeat is finished. If not, proceed to step S33. If it is determined to be finished, the whole process ends.

[0015] Step S33: respectively obtaining the RR interval values ​​of the previous heart beat, the current heart beat and the next heart beat calculated and stored in step S2;

[0016] Step S34: obtaining a horizontal coordinate value by the ratio of the RR interval of the current heart beat to the RR interval of the previous heart beat, and obtaining a vertical coordinate value by the ratio of the RR interval of the next heart beat to the RR interval of the current heart beat;

[0017] Step S35: mapping the positions of the horizontal and vertical coordinates to the pixel positions in the RR interval ratio scatter plot;

[0018] Step S36: Taking the pixel position as the center, filling the module pixel points of the specified size around it with a predetermined color;

[0019] Step S37: Obtain the information of the next heart beat.

[0020] In one embodiment, the horizontal coordinate value is recorded as x, the vertical coordinate value is recorded as y, and the coordinate of the pixel position is recorded as (Pixel_x, Pixel_y). The coordinate of the pixel position is obtained by the following formula:

[0021] x=RR1 / RR0 (1),

[0022] y=RR2 / RR1 (2),

[0023]

[0024]

[0025] Among them, RR1 is the RR interval of the current heartbeat, RR0 is the RR interval of the previous heartbeat, RR2 is the RR interval of the next heartbeat, M is the horizontal axis range of the scatter plot, and N is the vertical axis range of the scatter plot.

[0026] The present invention also provides a device for processing dynamic electrocardiogram data based on the RR interval ratio scatter diagram, comprising:

[0027] A preprocessing unit, used to perform QRS wave detection on the raw data of the dynamic electrocardiogram, extract QRS waveform features, and classify the heartbeats according to the features to obtain the position information and type information of the heartbeats;

[0028] An interval value processing unit, traversing the QRS wave data, using a differential method to obtain and store the RR interval values ​​of all heart beats, wherein the RR interval value of a current heart beat is the difference between the QRS wave position of the current heart beat and the QRS wave position of the previous heart beat;

[0029] a scatter plot drawing unit, configured to calculate and draw a graph of each of the RR interval values ​​obtained by the interval value processing unit, including drawing a scatter plot of the RR interval ratio of the dynamic electrocardiogram data beat by beat by beat, using the ratio of the RR interval of the current heart beat to the RR interval of the previous heart beat as the abscissa and the ratio of the RR interval of the next heart beat to the RR interval of the current heart beat as the ordinate; and

[0030] The ectopic feature processing unit is used to select a plurality of heart beat points with obvious ectopic features on the scatter plot drawn by the scatter plot drawing unit, and perform batch processing.

[0031] In one embodiment, the QRS waveform features include width, area, interval ratio and similarity.

[0032] In one of the embodiments, the preprocessing unit includes a detection module for detecting the QRS wave, a feature extraction module for extracting features of the QRS wave, and an automatic classification module for classifying heart beats.

[0033] In one of the embodiments, the detection module detects the QRS wave using a differential threshold method.

[0034] In one embodiment, the scatter plot drawing unit includes:

[0035] An information acquisition module, used for acquiring heartbeat information from the preprocessing unit;

[0036] A judging module, used to judge whether the heartbeat has ended and control the start and stop of the scatter plot drawing unit;

[0037] An interval value reading module, used for obtaining the RR interval values ​​of three adjacent heart beats stored in the interval value processing unit when the judging module judges that the heart beat has not ended;

[0038] A coordinate calculation module, which obtains a horizontal coordinate value by the ratio of the RR interval of the middle heart beat to the RR interval of the previous heart beat, and obtains a vertical coordinate value by the ratio of the RR interval of the next heart beat to the RR interval of the middle heart beat;

[0039] A mapping module, used for mapping points corresponding to the abscissa values ​​and ordinate values ​​obtained by the coordinate calculation module to pixel positions in the RR interval ratio scatter plot; and

[0040] The drawing module is used to fill the module pixel points of a specified size around the pixel position with a predetermined color, taking the pixel position as the center.

[0041] The method and device for processing dynamic electrocardiogram data based on the RR interval ratio scatter plot of the present invention utilize the large difference between the ectopic heart beat interval ratio and the normal heart beat interval ratio, adopt the differential method to calculate and store the RR interval values ​​of all heart beats, and draw a scatter plot based on the RR interval ratio. By batch processing multiple heart beats with obvious ectopic characteristics, the processing efficiency of dynamic electrocardiogram data and the diagnostic efficiency of dynamic electrocardiogram are improved, and the reliability of the diagnostic results is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 It is an example diagram of a Lorenz scatter diagram defect in the prior art;

[0043] Figure 2 A flowchart of a processing method in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 A flowchart of QRS wave detection in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a central beat in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5 An image example of a data preprocessing result in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 6 This is a data example of a data preprocessing result in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 7 A flow chart of drawing a scatter plot in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of mapping the actual coordinate axis to the pixel coordinate axis in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Fig. 9 An example diagram of enlarging and reducing a scatter plot in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Fig.10 An example diagram of an ectopic heartbeat of a scatter plot in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Fig.11 A software interface diagram of a scatter plot of RR interval ratios in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the structure of a processing device in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of the structure of a pre-processing unit in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a scatter plot drawing unit in one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0057] See also Figure 2 The present invention provides a dynamic electrocardiogram data processing method 10 based on the RR interval ratio scatter diagram, and the processing method 10 includes the following steps:

[0058] Step S1: Perform QRS wave detection on the raw data of the dynamic electrocardiogram, and extract the width, area, interval ratio and similarity of the QRS waveform, and pre-classify the detected heart beats into four types: normal, atrial premature beats, ventricular premature beats and artifacts, so as to realize the preprocessing of the dynamic electrocardiogram data.

[0059] See also Figure 3 In one embodiment, a differential threshold method is used for QRS wave detection. Specifically, after filtering the ECG data, differential, square and moving average processing are performed in sequence, and then the peak value is found. After obtaining the peak value, the peak value is compared with the threshold value. If the peak value is greater than the threshold value, it is considered that the QRS wave is detected, otherwise the detected QRS wave is treated as noise, and finally the threshold value is updated, for example, the updated threshold value is made half of the previous threshold value, and then the differential, square and moving average processing are pointed to again, and a new peak value is found and compared again. It should be noted that the QRS wave detection of this embodiment belongs to the prior art. For details, please refer to the relevant description of the processes such as differential, square, moving average processing, peak value finding and threshold value comparison in the Chinese invention patent "A real-time heart rate detection method and system for ECG signals" (CN104586384B). Of course, the present invention can also use other methods to detect QRS waves on heart beat data, which will not be repeated here.

[0060] Please also read Figure 4 With Table 1, where Figure 4 FIG. 1 shows a waveform diagram of three consecutive heart beats in one embodiment of the present invention, wherein the circle marked on the waveform indicates the position of the detected QRS wave, and FIG. 1 shows the waveform diagram of the ... Figure 4 The characteristic values ​​of the QRS waveform corresponding to the waveform diagram and their corresponding descriptions can be obtained by reading the corresponding coordinates on the waveform diagram or performing calculations.

[0061]

[0062] Table 1

[0063] After obtaining the characteristic value of the QRS waveform according to the waveform diagram, the heart beat can be classified by a classifier, which includes four categories: normal heart beat (abbreviated as N), atrial premature beat (abbreviated as S), ventricular premature beat (abbreviated as V) and artifact (abbreviated as X). The classification logic is as follows:

[0064] 1) Those with consistent anterior and posterior intervals and normal QRS morphology are classified as normal type;

[0065] 2) If there is compensation in advance and the QRS morphology is normal, it is classified as atrial premature beat type;

[0066] 3) QRS waveforms that meet the wide and deformed shape are classified as ventricular premature beats;

[0067] 4) Those that do not meet the above three categories are classified as pseudo-error types.

[0068] See also Figure 5 , Figure 5 An example diagram of the data preprocessing result in an embodiment of the present invention is shown, wherein N, S, and V in the waveform diagram correspond to normal heart beats, atrial premature beats, and ventricular premature beats, respectively. In specific practice, the lines consisting of continuous heart beat points corresponding to different states can be marked with corresponding colors to distinguish them, such as the ECG waveform color of a normal heart beat is black, the waveform color of atrial premature beats is green, and the waveform color of ventricular premature beats is red, so that users, such as doctors, can quickly identify the type of heart beat in the waveform diagram.

[0069] It should be noted that there are two purposes for data preprocessing: one is to obtain the location information of the heartbeat through QRS wave detection; the other is to obtain the type information of the heartbeat through feature extraction. After preprocessing, each heartbeat contains two pieces of information, see Figure 6 One is the position value in the heartbeat data, which refers to its relative position to the starting position of the data. The starting position value of the data is set to 0; the other is the heartbeat type.

[0070] Step S2: traverse the QRS wave data, use the differential method to obtain and store the RR interval values ​​of all heart beats, and the RR interval value of the current heart beat is the difference between the QRS wave position of the current heart beat and the QRS wave position of the previous heart beat.

[0071] For details, please refer to Figure 4 The RR interval value RR1 of the current heart beat is obtained by subtracting the position of the previous heart beat from the position of the current heart beat. Starting from the second heart beat, the QRS wave data of the entire dynamic electrocardiogram are traversed one by one to obtain the RR interval values ​​of all heart beats. Among them, since there is no heart beat before the first heart beat, the RR interval value of the first heart beat is consistent with the RR interval value of the second heart beat by default, until all calculated RR interval values ​​are stored.

[0072] Please read further Figure 6 When obtaining the interval value, traverse the QRS wave data of each heartbeat, from the first heartbeat to the last heartbeat, specifically, from heartbeat 1 to heartbeat n. The calculation method is to subtract the previous heartbeat position from the current heartbeat position, that is, the interval value between the first heartbeat and the second heartbeat: 640-240=400, the interval value between the third heartbeat: 2240-640=1600, and so on.

[0073] Step S3: Using the ratio of the RR interval of the current heartbeat to the RR interval of the previous heartbeat obtained in step S2 as the horizontal coordinate, and the ratio of the RR interval of the next heartbeat to the RR interval of the current heartbeat as the vertical coordinate, a scatter plot of the RR interval ratio of the dynamic electrocardiogram data is drawn beat by beat.

[0074] See also Figure 7 In this embodiment, the drawing process of the RR interval ratio scatter plot is described by taking the drawing of a single pixel point of the scatter plot as an example. Specifically, the drawing of the RR interval ratio scatter plot includes:

[0075] Step S31: Obtain the information of the first heartbeat.

[0076] Step S32: Determine whether the heartbeat has ended. If not, proceed to step S33. If it is determined to be ended, the entire process ends.

[0077] Specifically, the basis for judging whether the heartbeat has ended is as follows: preprocessing the original data to obtain the heartbeat information, saving it in order from the first to the last, starting from the first heartbeat during traversal, and traversing in sequence. If the obtained heartbeat information is empty, that is, after the last heartbeat, it is judged that the heartbeat has ended.

[0078] Step S33: respectively obtain the RR interval values ​​of the previous heartbeat, the current heartbeat, and the next heartbeat calculated and stored in step S2. In particular, when the current heartbeat is the first heartbeat, the RR interval value of the previous heartbeat is equal to the RR interval value of the current heartbeat; and when the current heartbeat is the last heartbeat, the RR interval value of the next heartbeat is equal to the RR interval value of the current heartbeat. Figure 4 For example, the RR interval value of the previous heart beat is RR0, the current RR interval value is RR1, and the RR interval value of the next heart beat is RR2.

[0079] Step S34: The abscissa value is obtained by the ratio of the RR interval of the current heart beat to the RR interval of the previous heart beat, and the ordinate value is obtained by the ratio of the RR interval of the next heart beat to the RR interval of the current heart beat.

[0080] Step S35: Map the positions of the horizontal and vertical coordinates to the pixel positions in the RR interval ratio scatter plot.

[0081] See also Figure 8 In one embodiment, the horizontal coordinate value is recorded as x, the vertical coordinate value is recorded as y, the coordinate of the pixel position is recorded as (Pixel_x, Pixel_y), Len_Pixel_x and Len_Pixel_y are the total length of pixels of the horizontal coordinate X axis and the total length of pixels of the vertical coordinate Y axis respectively, and the coordinate of the pixel position is obtained by the following formula:

[0082] x=RR1 / RR0 (1),

[0083] y=RR2 / RR1 (2),

[0084]

[0085]

[0086] Among them, RR1 is the RR interval of the current heart beat, RR0 is the RR interval of the previous heart beat, RR2 is the RR interval of the next heart beat, M is the horizontal axis range of the scatter plot, and N is the vertical axis range of the scatter plot.

[0087] Step S36: Taking the pixel position as the center, fill the module pixel points of the specified size around it with a predetermined color.

[0088] Specifically, with the pixel position (Pixel_x, Pixel_y) as the center, the pixels of the specified size around it, such as 3X3 unit modules, are filled with corresponding colors. The filling color is determined by the heartbeat type: normal heartbeat is black, atrial premature beat is green, ventricular premature beat is red, and artifact is blue.

[0089] Step S37: After the pixel color filling is completed, the next heartbeat information is obtained and the above steps are repeated.

[0090] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, a module for selecting heart beat type is added below the scatter plot of RR interval ratio, which is divided into "all" module, "normal" module, "atrial" module, "ventricular" module, "pacing" module, "other" module, "artifact" module and "artifact-related" module. The detailed description of each module is shown in Table 2.

[0091]

[0092] Table 2

[0093] See also Fig. 9 , Fig. 9 Figure a is Figure 1 The enlarged view of Figure a. Fig. 9 Figure b is Figure 1 A zoomed-out image of Figure a in the figure. It should be noted that the coordinate coefficients in the scatter plot can be adjusted, and the default horizontal and vertical coordinate ranges of this embodiment are between 0.0 and 4.0 units respectively. Users can also enlarge or reduce the horizontal and vertical coordinate ranges according to their needs. When zooming in or out, the calculation method is consistent with the aforementioned method for drawing scatter plots, and only the maximum coefficient of the coordinate axis needs to be adjusted. For example, when zooming in, the maximum coefficient of the coordinate range changes from 4.0 to 3.0; and when zooming out, the maximum coefficient of the coordinate range changes from 4.0 to 5.0.

[0094] Step S4: The heart beat processing operation of the dynamic electrocardiogram is completed by selecting multiple heart beats with obvious ectopic characteristics on the RR interval ratio scatter plot for batch processing.

[0095] Specifically, by writing a program, such as using the VB programming language code to reference the interval value, pixel value, and range value or characteristic value of different heartbeat types, and setting a selection module of different heartbeat types in the RR interval ratio scatter plot, the user can independently select the heartbeat area of ​​interest for viewing. Fig.10 , Fig.10 Shown with Figure 1 The example of ectopic heartbeats in the same data in Figure b shows a typical case of frequent ventricular premature beats, in which the clustering features of insertional premature beats, single premature beats, premature beat front point, single premature beat back point, and insertional premature beat back point are obvious, which is convenient for users to quickly view and modify. Normal heartbeats generally meet the condition of uniform and uniform intervals before and after, so normal heartbeat rhythms are generally concentrated near the coordinate (1.0, 1.0).

[0096] It should be noted that, in the process of dynamic electrocardiogram diagnosis, most of the user's time is spent on the judgment of atrial premature beats. Next, the RR interval ratio scatter plot of the present invention is used to describe the process of batch processing of ectopic heart beats. It should be noted that this process is only used as an example to illustrate the application of the RR interval ratio scatter plot, and does not mean that the RR interval ratio scatter plot can only be used for batch processing of atrial premature beats.

[0097] See also Fig.11 , Fig.11 Shown with Figure 1 The software interface diagram of the RR interval ratio scatter plot of the same data in Figure a is a combination of superimposed waves, heart beat display and ECG strips. The left part is the RR interval ratio scatter plot, the right side is the heart beat superimposed wave and heart beat display, and the lower part is the ECG strip information of the selected heart beat.

[0098] From the perspective of interval, the main characteristics of atrial premature beats are that the heartbeat occurs in advance and incomplete compensation occurs. Generally speaking, the advance amount of atrial premature beats needs to reach 10%, and the incomplete compensation satisfies that the compensatory interval is greater than the basic interval, that is, the following two formulas:

[0099] RR1<0.9*RR0

[0100] RR2>1.05*RR0

[0101] From the above two formulas, we can deduce: That is to say, the area where atrial premature beats occur is in the upper left area of ​​the RR interval ratio scatter plot, which is within 0.9 on the horizontal axis and above 1.17 on the vertical axis. Therefore, the user only needs to select the beats within this range, and then sort them by interval or advance rate, and browse the head and tail beats of the beat list to determine whether the beats in the entire beat list are atrial premature beats. If the beats with the lowest advance rate or the largest interval are determined to be atrial premature beats, the beats in the entire beat list can be directly modified to atrial premature beats. In this way, the type of ectopic beats can be quickly determined, thereby completing the screening of atrial premature beats in the entire dynamic ECG data.

[0102] See also Fig.12 The present invention also provides a processing device 20 for dynamic electrocardiogram data based on the RR interval ratio scatter diagram, comprising:

[0103] The preprocessing unit 210 is used to perform QRS wave detection on the raw data of the dynamic electrocardiogram, extract QRS waveform features, and classify heart beats according to the features;

[0104] The interval value processing unit 220 traverses the QRS wave data and uses the differential method to obtain and store the RR interval values ​​of all heart beats, that is, the RR interval value of the current heart beat is the difference between the QRS wave position of the current heart beat and the QRS wave position of the previous heart beat, and the RR interval values ​​of the remaining heart beats can be inferred by this method.

[0105] a scatter plot drawing unit 230, for calculating and drawing a graph of each RR interval value obtained by the interval value processing unit 220, including drawing a scatter plot of the RR interval ratio of the dynamic electrocardiogram data beat by beat by beat, using the ratio of the RR interval of the current heart beat to the RR interval of the previous heart beat as the abscissa and the ratio of the RR interval of the next heart beat to the RR interval of the current heart beat as the ordinate; and

[0106] The ectopic feature processing unit 240 is used to select a plurality of heart beat points with obvious ectopic features on the scatter plot drawn by the scatter plot drawing unit 230, and perform batch processing.

[0107] Please also read Figure 3 and Fig.13In one embodiment, the preprocessing unit 210 includes a detection module 211 for detecting QRS waves, a feature extraction module 212 for extracting QRS wave features, and an automatic classification module 213 for classifying heart beats. Specifically, when ECG data is input into the processing device 20, the ECG data first enters the detection module 211. The detection module 211 uses a differential threshold method to detect the QRS wave, including filtering the ECG data, followed by differential, square and moving average processing, and then finding the peak value. After obtaining the peak value, the peak value is compared with the threshold. If the peak value is greater than the threshold, it is considered that the QRS wave is detected, otherwise the detected QRS wave is treated as noise, and finally the threshold is updated. After detecting a valid QRS wave, the feature extraction module 212 extracts characteristic values ​​such as the width, area, interval ratio and similarity of the QRS waveform. For details, please refer to Figure 4 According to Table 1, the corresponding eigenvalues ​​are obtained according to the corresponding relationship between the eigenvalues ​​and the waveform in Table 1. The extracted eigenvalues ​​are then passed to the automatic classification module 213, which classifies the heart beats corresponding to the eigenvalues ​​according to the following classification logic:

[0108] 1) Those with consistent anterior and posterior intervals and normal QRS morphology are classified as normal type;

[0109] 2) If there is compensation in advance and the QRS morphology is normal, it is classified as atrial premature beat type;

[0110] 3) QRS waveforms that meet the wide and deformed shape are classified as ventricular premature beats;

[0111] 4) Those that do not meet the above three categories are classified as pseudo-error types.

[0112] See also Fig.14 In one embodiment, the scatter plot drawing unit 230 includes:

[0113] An information acquisition module 231, used to acquire heartbeat information from the preprocessing unit 210;

[0114] A judging module 232, used to judge whether the heartbeat has ended, and to control the start and stop of the scatter plot drawing unit 230;

[0115] The interval value reading module 233 is used to obtain the RR interval values ​​of three adjacent heart beats stored in the interval value processing unit 220 when the judging module 232 judges that the heart beat has not ended;

[0116] A coordinate calculation module 234 obtains a horizontal coordinate value by the ratio of the RR interval of the middle heart beat to the RR interval of the previous heart beat, and obtains a vertical coordinate value by the ratio of the RR interval of the next heart beat to the RR interval of the middle heart beat;

[0117] A mapping module 235, configured to map points corresponding to the abscissa values ​​and ordinate values ​​obtained by the coordinate calculation module 234 to pixel positions in the RR interval ratio scatter plot; and

[0118] The drawing module 236 is used to fill the module pixel points of a specified size around the pixel position with a predetermined color.

[0119] Specifically, after the information acquisition module 231 acquires a heartbeat information from the preprocessing unit 210, the judgment module 232 determines whether the heartbeat ends, that is, the judgment module 232 detects whether the heartbeat stops. If it has stopped, the judgment module 232 controls the scatter plot drawing unit 230 to close, so that the ectopic feature processing unit 240 processes all heartbeat data. If the heartbeat has not stopped, the judgment module 232 controls the information acquisition module 231 to transmit the acquired heartbeat information to the interval value reading module 233, so that the interval value reading module 233 acquires the RR interval values ​​of three adjacent heartbeats corresponding to the heartbeat information from the interval value processing unit 220 according to the heartbeat information. After the interval value reading module 233 obtains the RR interval values ​​of three adjacent heartbeats, the RR interval values ​​are transmitted to the coordinate calculation module 234, and the coordinate calculation module 234 obtains the horizontal and vertical coordinate values ​​(x, y) of the heartbeat information according to the calculation method that the horizontal coordinate is the ratio of the RR interval of the middle heartbeat to the RR interval of the previous heartbeat, and the vertical coordinate is the ratio of the RR interval of the next heartbeat to the RR interval of the middle heartbeat. Subsequently, the coordinate calculation module 234 sends the horizontal and vertical coordinate values ​​(x, y) to the mapping module 235, and the mapping module 235 calculates the horizontal and vertical coordinate values ​​(x, y) according to the calculation method. as well as The two formulas calculate the pixel position coordinates (Pixel_x, Pixel_y) of the heartbeat information on the scatter plot, that is, map the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the heartbeat information to the pixel position in the RR interval ratio scatter plot. After the pixel position is determined, the drawing module 236 receives the pixel position coordinates transmitted by the coordinate calculation module 234, and fills the pixel points around the pixel position coordinates with colors, thereby achieving the drawing operation of the scatter plot.

[0120] The ectopic feature processing unit 240 is used to batch process the ectopic heartbeats through the completed RR interval ratio scatter plot. In this embodiment, the batch processing operation of the ectopic feature processing unit 240 on data is discussed in conjunction with the software interface diagram of the R interval ratio scatter plot. For details, please refer to Fig.10 The figure combines superimposed waves, heart beat display and ECG strips. The left part is a scatter plot of RR interval ratios, the right side is the heart beat superimposed waves and heart beat display, and the lower part is the ECG strip information of the selected heart beat.

[0121] From the perspective of the interval, the main characteristics of atrial premature beats are that the heartbeat occurs in advance and incomplete compensation occurs. Generally speaking, the advance amount of atrial premature beats needs to reach 10%, and the incomplete compensation satisfies the compensatory interval greater than the basic interval, that is, the following two formulas: RR1<0.9*RR0

[0122] RR2>1.05*RR0

[0123] From the above two formulas, we can deduce: That is to say, the area where atrial premature beats occur is in the upper left area of ​​the RR interval ratio scatter plot, which is within 0.9 on the horizontal axis and above 1.17 on the vertical axis. Therefore, the user only needs to select the beats within this range, and then sort them by interval or advance rate, and browse the head and tail beats of the beat list to determine whether the beats in the entire beat list are atrial premature beats. If the beats with the lowest advance rate or the largest interval are determined to be atrial premature beats, the ectopic feature processing unit directly modifies the beats in the entire beat list to atrial premature beats. In this way, the type of ectopic beats can be quickly determined, thereby completing the screening of atrial premature beats in the entire dynamic ECG data.

[0124] The method 10 and the processing device 20 for processing dynamic electrocardiogram data based on the RR interval ratio scatter plot of the present invention utilize the large difference between the ectopic heart beat interval ratio and the normal heart beat interval ratio, adopt the differential method to calculate and store the RR interval values ​​of all heart beats, and draw a scatter plot based on the RR interval ratio. By batch processing multiple heart beats with obvious ectopic characteristics, the processing efficiency of dynamic electrocardiogram data and the diagnostic efficiency of dynamic electrocardiogram are improved, and the reliability of the diagnostic results is improved.

[0125] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0126] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A method for processing dynamic electrocardiogram data based on RR interval ratio scatter plot (10), characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: Perform QRS wave detection on the original data of the dynamic electrocardiogram, extract QRS waveform features, and classify the heartbeats according to the features, obtain the position information and type information of the heartbeats, and realize preprocessing of the dynamic electrocardiogram data; Step S2: traverse the QRS wave data, use the differential method to obtain and store the RR interval values ​​of all heart beats, and the RR interval value of the current heart beat is the difference between the QRS wave position of the current heart beat and the QRS wave position of the previous heart beat; Step S3: Using the ratio of the RR interval of the current heartbeat to the RR interval of the previous heartbeat obtained in step S2 as the abscissa, and the ratio of the RR interval of the next heartbeat to the RR interval of the current heartbeat as the ordinate, a scatter plot of the RR interval ratio of the dynamic electrocardiogram data is drawn beat by beat; Step S4: performing batch processing on multiple heart beats with obvious ectopic features on the RR interval ratio scatter plot to complete the heart beat processing of the dynamic electrocardiogram; The drawing of RR interval ratio scatter plot includes: Step S31: obtaining the first heartbeat information; Step S32: determine whether the heartbeat is finished. If not, proceed to step S33. If it is determined to be finished, the whole process ends. Step S33: respectively obtaining the RR interval values ​​of the previous heart beat, the current heart beat and the next heart beat calculated and stored in step S2; Step S34: obtaining a horizontal coordinate value by the ratio of the RR interval of the current heart beat to the RR interval of the previous heart beat, and obtaining a vertical coordinate value by the ratio of the RR interval of the next heart beat to the RR interval of the current heart beat; Step S35: mapping the positions of the horizontal and vertical coordinates to the pixel positions in the RR interval ratio scatter plot; Step S36: Taking the pixel position as the center, filling the module pixel points of the specified size around it with a predetermined color; Step S37: Obtain the next heartbeat information; From the perspective of intervals, according to the beat type, the area where the beat type occurs can be determined, which is within the range in the RR interval ratio scatter plot. The user only needs to select the beats within this range, and then sort them by interval or advance rate. By browsing the head and tail beats of the beat list, the beat type in the entire beat list can be determined for batch processing.

2. The processing method (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The QRS waveform features include width, area, interval ratio and similarity features.

3. The processing method (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The QRS wave detection is performed using a differential threshold method.

4. The processing method (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal coordinate value is recorded as x, the vertical coordinate value is recorded as y, and the coordinates of the pixel position are recorded as (Pixel_x, Pixel_y). The coordinates of the pixel position are obtained by the following formula: x = RR1 / RR0 y = RR2 / RR1 Among them, RR1 is the RR interval of the current heartbeat, RR0 is the RR interval of the previous heartbeat, RR2 is the RR interval of the next heartbeat, M is the horizontal axis range of the scatter plot, N is the vertical axis range of the scatter plot, Len_Pixel_x and Len_Pixel_y are the total pixel length of the horizontal axis X axis and the total pixel length of the vertical axis Y axis respectively.

5. A device (20) for processing dynamic electrocardiogram data based on RR interval ratio scatter plot, characterized in that: include: A preprocessing unit (210) is used to perform QRS wave detection on the raw data of the dynamic electrocardiogram, extract QRS waveform features, and classify heart beats according to the features to obtain position information and type information of the heart beats; An interval value processing unit (220) is used to traverse the QRS wave data and use a differential method to obtain and store the RR interval values ​​of all heart beats, wherein the RR interval value of a current heart beat is the difference between the QRS wave position of the current heart beat and the QRS wave position of the previous heart beat; a scatter plot drawing unit (230) for calculating each of the RR interval values ​​obtained by the interval value processing unit (220) and drawing a graph, including using the ratio of the RR interval of the current heart beat to the RR interval of the previous heart beat as the abscissa, and using the ratio of the RR interval of the next heart beat to the RR interval of the current heart beat as the ordinate, and drawing a scatter plot of the RR interval ratio of the dynamic electrocardiogram data beat by beat; as well as An ectopic feature processing unit (240) is used to select a plurality of heart beat points with obvious ectopic features on the scatter plot drawn by the scatter plot drawing unit (230), and perform batch processing; The scatter plot drawing unit (230) comprises: An information acquisition module (231), used for acquiring heartbeat information from the preprocessing unit (210); A judgment module (232), used to judge whether the heartbeat has ended, and to control the start and stop of the scatter plot drawing unit (230); An interval value reading module (233) is used to obtain the RR interval values ​​of three adjacent heart beats stored in the interval value processing unit (220) when the judgment module (232) judges that the heart beat has not ended; A coordinate calculation module (234) is used to obtain a horizontal coordinate value by the ratio of the RR interval of the middle heart beat to the RR interval of the previous heart beat, and to obtain a vertical coordinate value by the ratio of the RR interval of the next heart beat to the RR interval of the middle heart beat; A mapping module (235) is used to map points corresponding to the abscissa values ​​and ordinate values ​​obtained by the coordinate calculation module (234) to pixel positions in the RR interval ratio scatter plot; and A drawing module (236) is used to fill the module pixel points of a specified size around the pixel position with a predetermined color, taking the pixel position as the center; From the perspective of intervals, according to the beat type, the area where the beat type occurs can be determined, which is within the range in the RR interval ratio scatter plot. The user only needs to select the beats within this range, and then sort them by interval or advance rate. By browsing the head and tail beats of the beat list, the beat type in the entire beat list can be determined for batch processing.

6. The processing device (20) according to claim 5, characterized in that The QRS waveform features include width, area, interval ratio and similarity features.

7. The processing device (20) according to claim 5, characterized in that The preprocessing unit (210) comprises a detection module (211) for detecting the QRS wave, a feature extraction module (212) for extracting features of the QRS wave, and an automatic classification module (213) for classifying heart beats.

8. The processing device (20) according to claim 7, characterized in that The detection module (211) detects the QRS wave using a differential threshold method.

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