A retarder non-driven axle and a vehicle

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, and particularly to a retarder non-driving axle and a vehicle. The non-driving axle provided by the present invention includes: a working chamber, a screw rod, and an oil storage chamber. Among them, the working chamber is a sealed chamber located within the non-driving axle housing, and is provided with a closable oil inlet and an oil outlet; the screw rod is located within the working chamber, is connected in series to the inner end of the wheel input shaft, and meshes with the stator within the working chamber to form a screw pump structure; the oil storage chamber is located within the non-driving axle housing, is externally connected to an oil inlet passage and an oil outlet passage, and is connected to the oil inlet through the oil inlet passage and to the oil outlet through the oil outlet passage, so that a circulating oil path is formed between the oil storage chamber and the working chamber. Since large vehicles or trailers have a large number of non-driving axles and require a relatively low retardation power, through the oil path arrangement built into the non-driving axle housing, a high-viscosity oil-assisted retardation structure is formed, which is compact, saves a large amount of space, and effectively reduces costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, and particularly to a retarder non-driving axle and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] There are many intersections on urban roads, dense bus stops, and large passenger flows, so buses often need to brake frequently; mountain roads are steep and have many sharp turns, and medium and large trucks and buses driving on mountain sections for a long time also often need to brake.

[0003] When the brake works frequently for a long time, it will cause rapid wear of the brake shoes, short service life of the brake friction pads, and loss of braking force or significant decline in braking performance due to brake fade, which also becomes the main cause of traffic accidents. Therefore, it is very necessary to equip an auxiliary braking system. At present, the retarder is installed behind the gearbox and is connected in parallel or in series with the drive shaft. The retarder torque acts on the drive axle, that is, the drive axle of the tractor. The trailer has no braking. If the trailer has a large load, sometimes the braking folding phenomenon will occur, resulting in traffic accidents.

[0004] As an auxiliary braking component of the vehicle, the retarder reduces the load on the original vehicle's braking system by acting on the original vehicle's transmission system, decelerates the vehicle evenly, improves the reliability of the vehicle's braking system, extends the service life of the braking system, and can thus significantly reduce the vehicle's use cost.

[0005] When the existing retarder is applied to medium and large vehicles, most of them are arranged in parallel or in series behind the gearbox and cannot act directly on the non-driving axle, making the independently installed retarder large in size, high in cost, heavy in body, large in power consumption, and greatly affected by the surrounding environmental temperature. Summary of the Invention

[0006] (1) The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing retarder cannot act directly on the non-driving axle, so the braking folding problem cannot be solved. At the same time, the independently installed retarder is large in size, high in cost, and prone to safety problems due to the influence of the surrounding external environment.

[0007] (2) Technical Solution

[0008] To solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a non-driving axle, including a non-driving axle housing and a wheel input shaft. The two ends of the non-driving axle housing are respectively internally connected to the wheel input shaft, and further includes a working chamber, a screw rod, and an oil storage chamber, wherein:

[0009] The working chamber is a closed chamber located inside the non-driving axle housing, and is provided with a closable oil inlet and an oil outlet;

[0010] The screw rod is located in the working chamber, connected in series to the inner end of the wheel input shaft, and meshes with the stator in the working chamber to form a screw pump structure;

[0011] The oil storage chamber is located in the non-driving axle housing, externally connected to the oil inlet passage and the oil outlet passage, and is connected to the oil inlet through the oil inlet passage and to the oil outlet through the oil outlet passage, so that a circulating oil circuit is formed between the oil storage chamber and the working chamber.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a heat exchange mechanism is further connected to the outer wall of the non-driving axle housing. During the retardation process, the screw rod agitates the high-viscosity oil, converting the vehicle's driving kinetic energy into heat energy, which is dissipated through the outer wall of the non-driving axle housing. By adding a heat exchange mechanism to the outer wall of the non-driving axle housing, the heat dissipation can be accelerated.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a control valve is further provided on the oil inlet passage, and the control valve is used to control the on-off of the oil inlet passage.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the screw rod is a single screw rod or multiple screw rods connected in series, multiple sections of screw rods, to increase the displacement per revolution and improve the retardation torque.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the screw rod and the wheel input shaft are connected in series through a universal joint assembly, so as to ensure that their instantaneous angular velocities are always equal.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the inner end of the wheel input shaft is externally connected to a first fixed bearing, and the inner end of the screw rod is externally connected to a second fixed bearing, and there is a certain distance between the two, which is beneficial to form a working chamber between the first fixed bearing and the second fixed bearing.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the oil storage chamber is arranged in the middle of the non-driving axle housing. Arranging it in the middle can make the overall stability and balance of the retardation non-driving axle better.

[0018] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a first solenoid valve is provided on the oil outlet passage. The first solenoid valve can be an electromagnetic proportional valve, and the main control system can effectively control the diameter of the oil outlet passage.

[0019] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the oil inlet passage is further connected to a vent hole controlled by a second solenoid valve. The vent hole can unload the working chamber in the retardation non-driving axle during no-load.

[0020] Another embodiment of the present invention further provides a vehicle, including the retardation non-driving axle described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0021] Advantages of the present invention: Since large vehicles have a large number of non-driving axles and require a relatively low retardation power, the non-driving axle provided by the present invention forms a high-viscosity oil-assisted retardation structure through the oil circuit arrangement and the screw shaft built into the non-driving axle housing, which can generate a certain braking torque, solve the problem of braking folding, and is compact in structure, saving a large amount of space and effectively reducing costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the partial structure of the non-driving axle provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Reference numerals: 1, non-driving axle housing; 2, wheel input shaft; 10, working chamber; 101, oil inlet; 102, oil outlet; 103, stator; 20, screw; 30, oil storage chamber; 40, oil inlet passage; 401, first solenoid valve; 402, vent hole; 403, control valve; 404, second solenoid valve; 50, oil outlet passage; 60, heat exchange mechanism; 70, universal joint assembly; 80, first fixed bearing; 90, second fixed bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0025] In order to better understand the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention, the following will further describe the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments. Without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] The present invention adopts a series screw pump mechanical structure, with a high-viscosity hydraulic oil as the medium, which is arranged in the non-driving axle housing to form a retardation non-driving axle.

[0027] As Figure 1 shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a retardation non-driving axle. The retardation non-driving axle is applied to medium and large vehicles to achieve an auxiliary retardation braking effect, and can be provided with one or more groups. The retardation non-driving axle includes a non-driving axle housing 1 and a wheel input shaft 2. The two ends of the non-driving axle housing 1 are respectively internally connected to the wheel input shaft 2, and further includes a working chamber 10, a screw 20 and an oil storage chamber 30. Among them,

[0028] The working chamber 10 is a sealed chamber located within the non-driving axle housing 1. One end is provided with a closable oil inlet 101, and the other end is provided with a closable oil outlet 102.

[0029] The screw rod 20 is located within the working chamber 10 and is connected in series to the inner end of the wheel input shaft 2. It can rotate driven by the wheel input shaft 2 and meshes with the stator 103 within the working chamber 10 to form a screw pump structure.

[0030] The oil storage chamber 30 is located within the non-driving axle housing 1 and is externally connected to an oil inlet passage 40 and an oil outlet passage 50. Moreover, it is connected to the oil inlet 101 through the oil inlet passage 40. Through the rotation of the screw rod 20, a pump pressure is generated within the working chamber 10, enabling the high-viscosity oil within the oil storage chamber 30 to sequentially pass through the oil inlet passage 40, oil inlet 101, working chamber 10, oil outlet 102, and oil outlet passage 50, and finally flow back to the oil storage chamber 30, thereby forming a circulating oil circuit.

[0031] Furthermore, the above structures can be symmetrically arranged on both sides of the retarder non-driving axle and share a common oil storage chamber 30.

[0032] Furthermore, a heat exchange mechanism 60 is also connected to the outer wall of the non-driving axle housing 1. During the retardation process, the screw rod 20 agitates the high-viscosity oil, converting the vehicle's driving kinetic energy into heat, which is dissipated through the outer wall of the non-driving axle housing 1. By adding a heat exchange mechanism 60 to the outer wall of the non-driving axle housing 1, the heat dissipation can be accelerated.

[0033] Furthermore, a control valve 403 is also provided on the oil inlet passage 40. The control valve 403 is used to control the on / off of the oil inlet passage 40. The control valve 403 can be a one-way valve controlled by an auxiliary pump, with its orientation the same as the direction of the oil inlet passage 40.

[0034] Furthermore, the screw rod 20 is a single screw rod 20 or multiple screw rods 20 connected in series with each other, i.e., multiple sections of screw rods 20, to increase the displacement per revolution and improve the retardation torque.

[0035] Furthermore, the screw rod 20 and the wheel input shaft 2 are connected in series through a universal joint assembly 70, thereby ensuring that their instantaneous angular velocities are always equal.

[0036] Furthermore, the inner end of the wheel input shaft 2 is externally connected to a first fixed bearing 80, and the inner end of the screw rod 20 is externally connected to a second fixed bearing 90. There is a certain distance between them, which is conducive to forming the working chamber 10 between the first fixed bearing 80 and the second fixed bearing 90.

[0037] Further, the oil storage cavity 30 is arranged in the middle of the non-driving axle housing. Arranging it in the middle of the non-driving axle housing can make the overall stability and balance of the retarder non-driving axle better.

[0038] Further, a first solenoid valve 401 is provided on the oil outlet passage 50. The first solenoid valve 401 can be an electromagnetic proportional valve. Through the main control system, the diameter of the oil outlet passage 50 can be effectively controlled.

[0039] Specifically: when the vehicle encounters downhill or sharp turns and needs to be retarded, the control valve 403 is controlled by the main control system to open the oil inlet passage 40, and the first solenoid valve 401 controls and reduces the diameter of the oil outlet passage 50, so that the diameter of the oil inlet passage 40 is greater than that of the oil outlet passage 50, thereby generating a pressure difference in the working cavity 10. The high-viscosity oil in the working cavity 10 generates a retardation torque under the rotation of the screw 20 and is transmitted to the wheel through the wheel input shaft 2, producing a certain braking effect.

[0040] Further, the oil inlet passage 40 is also connected with a vent hole 402 controlled by a second solenoid valve 404. Opening the vent hole 402 can unload the working cavity 10 in the liquid retarder non-driving axle during no-load. The unloading process is to control the second solenoid valve 404 to open the vent hole 402. Due to the continuous operation of the screw pump structure in the working cavity 10, the liquid in the working cavity 10 is discharged and air is inhaled. Due to the entry of air, the structure of the pump is in a suction-empty state, the oil inlet passage 40 is closed, and no new oil enters, so the structure of the pump no longer generates torque, and there is still a small amount of oil in the structure of the pump for lubrication.

[0041] Another embodiment of the present invention also provides a vehicle, especially a medium and large vehicle, including the retarder non-driving axle described in any one of the above embodiments. According to the actual needs of the vehicle, one or more groups of the retarder non-driving axles can be provided.

[0042] The retardation principle of this retarder non-driving axle is as follows:

[0043] When retardation is needed, the input shaft rotates driven by the wheel movement and drives the screw 20 to rotate. Since the screw 20 meshes with the stator 103 in the working cavity 10, a screw pump structure is formed. By controlling the on-off of the oil inlet passage 40 through the control valve 403, a certain pump pressure can be generated during the rotation of the screw 20, sucking the high-viscosity oil pre-stored in the oil storage cavity 30 into the working cavity 10, so that the working cavity 10 is filled with high-viscosity oil. Since the high-viscosity oil is between the screw 20 and the stator 103, a positive displacement pump is formed. The pressure change in the working cavity 10 makes the fluid medium flow in the loop and generates a large resistance, thereby generating a braking torque to achieve retardation.

[0044] When the system unloads under no-load conditions, the control valve 403 is closed to block the oil inlet of the working chamber 10. At the same time, the second solenoid valve 404 is opened to allow air to enter through the vent hole 402. After the working chamber 10 is emptied, only a part of the high-viscosity liquid remains for lubrication. The screw 20 and the vehicle drive shaft rotate idly together, and the resistance loss is small and can be ignored. During this process, the first solenoid valve 401 can also be used to increase the diameter of the oil outlet passage 50, which can reduce the pressure when the oil is discharged, thereby reducing the resistance under no-load conditions.

[0045] The above structure enables the vehicle to enter the retarder working mode by controlling the retarder non-driven axle through the control system when retardation is required, generating a certain amount of retardation torque, reducing the usage frequency of the main brake and extending its service life. It can also completely solve the problem of trailer brake folding during retardation when the retarder is only arranged on the drive axle, thereby reducing the occurrence of traffic accidents.

[0046] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper" and "lower" is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0047] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the connection inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

[0048] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A retarder non-driving axle, comprising a non-driving axle housing (1) and a wheel input shaft (2), wherein the two ends of the non-driving axle housing (1) are respectively internally connected to the wheel input shaft (2). Characterized in that, It further includes: A working chamber (10), a sealed chamber located within the non-driving axle housing (1), provided with a closable oil inlet (101) and an oil outlet (102); A screw rod (20), located within the working chamber (10), connected in series to the inner end of the wheel input shaft (2), and meshing with a stator (103) within the working chamber (10) to form a screw pump structure; An oil storage chamber (30), located within the non-driving axle housing (1), externally connected to an oil inlet passage (40) and an oil outlet passage (50), wherein the oil inlet passage (40) communicates with the oil inlet (101), and the oil outlet passage (50) communicates with the oil outlet (102), such that a circulating oil path is formed between the oil storage chamber (30) and the working chamber (10); The screw rod (20) and the wheel input shaft (2) are connected in series through a universal joint assembly (70); The inner end of the wheel input shaft (2) is externally connected to a first fixed bearing (80), and the inner end of the screw rod (20) is externally connected to a second fixed bearing (90).

2. The retarder non-driving axle according to claim 1, Characterized in that, A heat exchange mechanism (60) is further connected to the outer wall of the non-driving axle housing (1).

3. The retarder non-driving axle according to claim 1, Characterized in that, A control valve (403) is further provided on the oil inlet passage (40).

4. The retarder non-driving axle according to claim 1, Characterized in that, The screw rod (20) is a single screw rod (20) or multiple screw rods (20) connected in series with each other.

5. The retarder non-driving axle according to claim 1, Characterized in that, The oil storage chamber (30) is arranged in the middle of the non-driving axle housing (1).

6. The retarder non-driving axle according to any one of claims 1 to 5, Characterized in that, A first solenoid valve (401) is provided on the oil outlet passage (50), and the first solenoid valve (401) is an electromagnetic proportional valve.

7. The retarder non-driving axle according to claim 6, Characterized in that, The oil inlet passage (40) is further connected to a vent hole (402) controlled by a second solenoid valve (404).

8. A vehicle, Characterized in that, It includes the retarder non-driving axle according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

Images