A marine gearbox with fast and slow gear output

Abstract

The invention discloses a fast and slow gear output marine gearbox, which relates to the field of marine gearboxes, and comprises a box body, wherein a reverse shaft, an input shaft and an output shaft are arranged in the box body; a diesel engine flywheel is connected and driven with one end of the input shaft through an input coupling, a slow gear transmission gear is fixedly installed on the input shaft near the input coupling, and a slow gear piston, a slow gear return spring and a slow gear inner friction plate are arranged in the slow gear transmission gear; a relatively rotating slow gear driving gear is also installed on the input shaft, and a slow gear outer friction plate is arranged on the slow gear driving gear seat of the slow gear driving gear, which is used to cooperate with the slow gear inner friction plate to form a slow gear clutch; the slow gear driving gear is constantly meshed with a slow gear driven gear installed on the output shaft, and provides power for the slow gear forward working condition of the output shaft. The invention can simultaneously exert the maximum power of the diesel engine under the conditions of heavy load and light load of the ship; save the energy consumption of the diesel engine and save time. It can exert the maximum economic benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of marine gearboxes, and in particular to a marine gearbox with fast and slow gear outputs. Background Art

[0002] At present, marine gearboxes have only one output speed and two kinds of forward and reverse steering, which are often referred to as forward or reverse. Forwarding has only one output speed, and reverse output speed also has only one output speed. Usually, the diesel engine power used in the design of a ship is determined according to the maximum required power of the ship. Under this power condition, the speed of the propeller is also determined together. The ship must meet the requirements when the heavy-load condition is met, such as the parameters such as the thrust of the propeller, but the sailing speed of the ship depends on the speed of the propeller within a certain range, that is, the displacement of the propeller. The higher the propeller speed, the greater the displacement, that is, the faster the ship sails. Therefore, when the ship sails under light-load conditions, the resistance of the ship is much smaller, and the speed of the propeller can be increased to improve the sailing speed of the ship. The purpose of the present invention is to achieve the ship under the power condition of the diesel engine when meeting the heavy-load condition, and increase the speed of the propeller under light-load conditions, and also use the power of the diesel engine. It can sail faster under light load, save fuel, save time and improve efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and to provide a fast and slow gear output marine gearbox, wherein the input shaft component of the gearbox has a fast gear clutch and a slow gear clutch, which can realize fast sailing under light-load conditions of an empty ship. When the ship is full or trawling, the fast gear clutch is disengaged and the slow gear clutch is engaged to meet the full power operation of the diesel engine when the ship is full and heavily loaded. The propeller's disc ratio, rotation speed, helix angle and other parameters, the water resistance of the hull and the diesel engine power are matched during the design. The diesel engine meets the power of heavy-load conditions. When the ship's resistance becomes smaller under light-load conditions, the propeller speed increases, and the ship's sailing speed can be increased within the same diesel engine power range, achieving the effect of saving time and fuel.

[0004] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: the fast and slow gear output marine gearbox comprises a box body, in which a reverse shaft, an input shaft and an output shaft are arranged; a diesel engine flywheel is connected to one end of the input shaft through an input coupling for transmission, a slow gear transmission gear is fixedly mounted on the input shaft near the input coupling, a slow gear piston, a slow gear return spring and a slow gear inner friction plate are arranged in the slow gear transmission gear; a relatively rotating slow gear driving gear is also mounted on the input shaft, a slow gear driving gear seat of the slow gear driving gear is provided with a slow gear outer friction plate, which is used to cooperate with the slow gear inner friction plate to form a slow gear clutch; the slow gear driving gear is constantly meshed with a slow gear driven gear mounted on the output shaft, providing power for the slow gear forward working condition of the output shaft;

[0005] The slow gear transmission gear is constantly meshed with the reverse gear transmission gear, the reverse gear transmission gear is fixedly mounted on the reverse shaft at one end close to the input coupling, a reverse piston, a reverse return spring and a reverse inner friction plate are arranged inside the reverse gear transmission gear; a relatively rotating reverse driving gear is also mounted on the reverse shaft, a reverse driving gear seat of the reverse driving gear is provided with a reverse outer friction plate, which is used to cooperate with the reverse inner friction plate to form a reverse clutch; the reverse driving gear is constantly meshed with the slow gear driven gear mounted on the output shaft, providing power for the slow gear reverse working condition of the output shaft;

[0006] A fast gear clutch housing is fixedly mounted on one end of the input shaft away from the input coupling, and a fast gear piston, a fast gear return spring and a fast gear inner friction plate are arranged in the fast gear clutch housing; a fast gear driving gear which rotates relatively is also mounted on the input shaft, and a fast gear outer friction plate is arranged on the fast gear driving gear seat of the fast gear driving gear, which is used to cooperate with the fast gear inner friction plate to form a fast gear clutch; the fast gear driving gear is always meshed with the fast gear driven gear fixed on the output shaft, so as to provide power for the fast gear forward working condition of the output shaft;

[0007] The output shaft outputs power to the outside through the output coupling. The box body is also provided with an oil pump, which supplies oil to the reverse shaft and the input shaft under the control of the control valve.

[0008] As a further technical solution, the reverse shaft is supported on the housing by bearings A and B, and the end cover of the reverse shaft away from the input coupling is equipped with a reverse oil inlet cover. The oil pump is connected to the reverse working oil circuit of the reverse shaft through the reverse oil inlet cover to supply oil for the slow gear reverse condition of the gearbox.

[0009] As a further technical solution, the input shaft is supported on the housing by bearings C and F. The end cover of the input shaft away from the input coupling is equipped with a downlink oil inlet cap. The oil pump is connected to the downlink working oil circuit of the input shaft through the downlink oil inlet cap to supply oil for the slow gear downlink and fast gear downlink working conditions of the gearbox.

[0010] As a further technical solution, one end of the input shaft away from the input coupling is positioned with the housing through a positioning plate.

[0011] As a further technical solution, an input flange is provided at one end of the input shaft close to the input coupling, and the input coupling is fixedly mounted on the input flange.

[0012] As a further technical solution, the output shaft is supported on the housing through bearings D and E.

[0013] As a further technical solution, the slow gear driven gear and the fast gear driven gear can be detachably mounted on the output shaft, and the speed ratio of the gearbox is adjusted by changing the number of teeth of the slow gear driven gear and the fast gear driven gear, that is, the output speed of the output shaft is adjusted.

[0014] As a further technical solution, the slow gear driving gear is arranged on the input shaft close to the fast gear driving gear, so that the slow gear driven gear is also arranged on the output shaft close to the fast gear driven gear.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: being able to bring out the maximum power of the diesel engine when the ship is heavily loaded and when the ship is lightly loaded, saving the energy consumption of the diesel engine and saving time, and bringing out the maximum economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA section view.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the reverse axle in the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the input shaft in the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the output shaft in the present invention.

[0021] Description of the accompanying drawings: 1. control valve; 2. oil pump; 3. housing; 4. reverse return spring; 5. reverse driving gear seat; 6. bearing A; 7. reverse transmission gear; 8. reverse piston; 9. reverse outer friction plate; 10. reverse inner friction plate; 11. reverse driving gear; 12. reverse shaft; 13. reverse oil inlet cover; 14. bearing B; 15. forward oil inlet cover; 16. fast gear driving gear; 17. positioning plate; 18. input shaft; 19. bearing C; 20. output coupling; 21. fast gear piston; 22. bearing D; 23. fast gear inner friction plate; 24. fast gear outer friction plate; 25 , fast gear driven gear; 26, fast gear clutch housing; 27, slow gear driven gear; 28, fast gear return spring; 29, fast gear driving gear seat 30, output shaft; 31, bearing E; 32, slow gear driving gear; 33, slow gear driving gear seat; 34, bearing F; 35, input coupling; 36, slow gear return spring; 37, input flange; 38, slow gear transmission gear; 39, slow gear piston; 40, slow gear inner friction plate; 41, slow gear outer friction plate; 42, slow gear clutch; 43, fast gear clutch; 44, reverse clutch; 45, reverse working oil circuit; 46, forward working oil circuit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0023] Example: As attached Figures 1 to 5As shown in FIG. 1 , the fast and slow gear output marine gearbox comprises a housing 3, in which a reverse shaft 12, an input shaft 18 and an output shaft 30 are arranged. Figure 2 The flywheel of the diesel engine is connected to one end of the input shaft 18 through the input coupling 35 for transmission. A slow gear transmission gear 38 is fixed on the input shaft 18 near the input coupling 35. A slow gear piston 39, a slow gear return spring 36 and a slow gear inner friction plate 40 are arranged inside the slow gear transmission gear 38. A relatively rotating (i.e., empty) slow gear driving gear 32 is also installed on the input shaft 18. A slow gear outer friction plate 41 is arranged on the slow gear driving gear seat 33 of the slow gear driving gear 32, which is used to cooperate with the slow gear inner friction plate 40 to form a slow gear clutch 42. The slow gear driving gear 32 is always in mesh with the slow gear driven gear 27 installed on the output shaft 30, providing power for the slow gear forward working condition of the output shaft 30.

[0024] The slow gear transmission gear 38 is always meshed with the reverse gear transmission gear 7. The reverse gear transmission gear 7 is fixedly mounted on the reverse shaft 12 at one end close to the input coupling 35. The reverse gear transmission gear 7 is provided with a reverse piston 8, a reverse return spring 4 and a reverse inner friction plate 10. Figure 2 , 3 As shown, a reverse driving gear 11 is mounted on the reverse shaft 12 for relative rotation (i.e., an idler), and a reverse driving gear seat 5 of the reverse driving gear 11 is provided with a reverse outer friction plate 9 for cooperating with the reverse inner friction plate 10 to form a reverse clutch 44. The reverse driving gear 11 is constantly meshed with the slow gear driven gear 27 mounted on the output shaft 30, providing power for the slow gear reverse working condition of the output shaft 30.

[0025] like Figure 4 As shown, a fast gear clutch housing 26 is fixedly mounted on the end of the input shaft 18 away from the input coupling 35, and a fast gear piston 21, a fast gear return spring 28 and a fast gear inner friction plate 23 are arranged in the fast gear clutch housing 26. A fast gear driving gear 16 is also mounted on the input shaft 18 for relative rotation (i.e., an empty sleeve), and a fast gear outer friction plate 24 is arranged on the fast gear driving gear seat 29 of the fast gear driving gear 16, which is used to cooperate with the fast gear inner friction plate 23 to form a fast gear clutch 43. The fast gear driving gear 16 is constantly meshed with the fast gear driven gear 25 fixed on the output shaft 30, providing power for the fast gear forward working condition of the output shaft 30.

[0026] like Figure 1 , 5 As shown, the output shaft 30 outputs power to the outside through the output coupling 20, and the housing is also provided with an oil pump 2, which supplies oil to the reverse shaft 12 and the input shaft 18 under the control of the control valve 1. The output shaft 30 is supported on the housing 3 through the bearing D22 and the bearing E31.

[0027] Reference Figure 2The reverse shaft 12 is supported on the housing 3 through bearings A6 and B14. The end cover of the reverse shaft 12 away from the input coupling 35 is equipped with a reverse oil inlet cover 13. The oil pump 2 is connected to the reverse working oil circuit 45 of the reverse shaft 12 through the reverse oil inlet cover 13 to supply oil for the slow gear reverse working condition of the gearbox. The input shaft 18 is supported on the housing 3 through bearings C19 and bearings F34. The end cover of the input shaft 18 away from the input coupling 35 is equipped with a forward oil inlet cover 15. The oil pump 2 is connected to the forward working oil circuit 46 of the input shaft 18 through the forward oil inlet cover 15 to supply oil for the slow gear forward working condition and the fast gear forward working condition of the gearbox. The end of the input shaft 18 away from the input coupling 35 is positioned with the housing 3 through a positioning plate 17. The end of the input shaft 18 close to the input coupling 35 is provided with an input flange 37, and the input coupling 35 is fixedly mounted on the input flange 37.

[0028] As a preferred technical solution, the slow gear driven gear 27 and the fast gear driven gear 25 can be detachably mounted on the output shaft 30, and the speed ratio of the gearbox can be adjusted by changing the number of teeth of the slow gear driven gear 27 and the fast gear driven gear 25, that is, adjusting the output speed of the output shaft 30. Thus, the speed ratio of the gearbox can be changed with the replacement of the gears on the same gearbox, without being restricted by other conditions, such as the influence of the hole spacing of the box body.

[0029] The slow gear driving gear 32 is arranged on the input shaft 18 close to the fast gear driving gear 16, so that the slow gear driven gear 27 is also arranged on the output shaft 30 close to the fast gear driven gear 25. The present invention arranges the fast gear clutch 43 and the slow gear clutch 42 of the gearbox on the same input shaft 18, and makes the fast and slow gear driven gears 25 and 27 close to each other, effectively saving the axial space of the gearbox, making the gearbox smallest in size and lightest in weight. In addition, the present invention arranges the two sets of clutches (i.e., the slow gear clutch 42 and the reverse clutch 44) under heavy load conditions at one end of the gearbox close to the diesel engine, so that the box body is evenly stressed.

[0030] The working process of the present invention: the present invention has three working conditions: slow gear forward driving, slow gear reverse driving and fast gear forward driving.

[0031] Slow gear follow-up: The diesel engine drives the input shaft 18 to rotate through the input coupling 35 of the gearbox. In the slow gear follow-up condition, the control valve 1 controls the oil pump 2 to deliver the gearbox working oil to the follow-up working oil circuit 46 of the input shaft 18, so that the slow gear piston 39 presses the slow gear inner friction plate 40 and the slow gear outer friction plate 41, that is, the slow gear clutch 42 is engaged. The slow gear driving gear 32 rotates with the slow gear transmission gear 38, and drives the mutually meshing slow gear driven gear 27 to rotate, and the output shaft 30 also rotates together. Since the output coupling 20 is fixed at the end of the output shaft 30, the power of the diesel engine can be transmitted to the propeller connected thereto, completing the slow and heavy-load sailing condition of the ship. At this time, the fast gear clutch 43 of the gearbox retracts the fast gear piston 21 under the action of the fast gear return spring 28, and the fast gear clutch 43 is in a disengaged state. At the same time, the reverse clutch 44 retracts the reverse piston 8 under the action of the reverse return spring 4, and the reverse clutch 44 is also in a disengaged state.

[0032] Slow gear reverse: Since the slow gear transmission gear 38 and the reverse transmission gear 7 are constantly meshed with each other, when the input shaft 18 rotates, the reverse transmission gear 7 will also rotate. In the slow gear reverse working condition, the control valve 1 controls the oil pump 2 to deliver the gearbox working oil to the reverse working oil circuit 45 of the reverse shaft 12, so that the reverse piston 8 presses the reverse inner friction plate 10 and the reverse outer friction plate 9, that is, the reverse clutch 44 is engaged. The reverse driving gear 11 rotates with the reverse transmission gear 7, driving the meshed slow gear driven gear 27 to rotate, and the output shaft 30 also rotates together. The output shaft 30 transmits the power of the diesel engine to the propeller through the output coupling 20, completing the reverse navigation condition of the ship (generally used when docking). At this time, the fast gear piston 21 in the fast gear clutch 43 of the gearbox retreats under the action of the fast gear return spring 28, and the fast gear clutch 43 is in a disengaged state. At the same time, the slow gear piston 39 of the slow gear clutch 42 retreats under the action of the slow gear return spring 36, and the slow gear clutch 42 is also in a disengaged state.

[0033] Fast gear follow-up: In the fast gear follow-up working condition, the control valve 1 controls the oil pump 2 to deliver the gearbox working oil to the follow-up working oil circuit 46 of the input shaft 18, so that the fast gear piston 21 presses the fast gear inner friction plate 23 and the fast gear outer friction plate 24, that is, the fast gear clutch 43 is engaged. The fast gear driving gear 16 starts to rotate along with the fast gear clutch housing 26, and drives the mutually meshing fast gear driven gear 25 to rotate, and the output shaft 30 also rotates together. The output shaft 30 transmits the power of the diesel engine to the propeller through the output coupling 20, completing the fast sailing working condition of the ship. At this time, the slow gear piston 39 in the slow gear clutch 42 of the gearbox retreats under the action of the slow gear return spring 36, and the slow gear clutch 42 is in a disengaged state. The reverse piston 8 of the reverse clutch 44 retreats under the action of the reverse return spring 4, and the reverse clutch 44 is in a disengaged state.

[0034] When the ship is sailing with light load or not trawling, the fast clutch 43 is engaged to increase the propeller speed of the ship and achieve fast sailing. When the ship enters the port or needs to reverse, the control valve 1 controls the slow clutch 42 or the reverse clutch 44 to engage and perform slow reverse forward stop.

[0035] The structural feature of the present invention is that three sets of clutches independently control the three working conditions of the gearbox. The two sets of clutches for heavy load conditions (i.e., the slow gear clutch 42 and the reverse clutch 44) are arranged at one end of the gearbox close to the diesel engine, so that the box body is evenly stressed.

[0036] The fast clutch 43 and the slow clutch 42 of the gearbox are arranged on the same input shaft 18, and the fast and slow driven gears 25 and 27 are close to each other, which effectively saves the axial space of the gearbox, reduces the size of the gearbox, and reduces the weight.

[0037] The fast clutch of the gearbox has no transmission gear arrangement and no radial force. It is arranged at the rear end of the input shaft and uses splines to transmit torque, so it is easy to disassemble and assemble. The design of the gearbox enables the speed ratio of the gearbox to be changed with the replacement of the gears on the same gearbox, without being restricted by other conditions, such as the hole spacing of the box body. The control valve of the gearbox is designed as a combined multi-position compound valve.

[0038] It is understandable that, for those skilled in the art, any equivalent replacement or change to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A fast and slow gear output marine gearbox, characterized in that: The invention comprises a housing (3), wherein a reverse shaft (12), an input shaft (18) and an output shaft (30) are arranged in the housing (3); a diesel engine flywheel is connected to one end of the input shaft (18) for transmission through an input coupling (35); a slow gear transmission gear (38) is fixedly mounted on the input shaft (18) near the input coupling (35); a slow gear piston (39), a slow gear return spring (36) and a slow gear inner friction plate (40) are arranged in the slow gear transmission gear (38); a relatively rotating slow gear driving gear (32) is also mounted on the input shaft (18); a slow gear outer friction plate (41) is arranged on the slow gear driving gear seat (33) of the slow gear driving gear (32) for cooperating with the slow gear inner friction plate (40) to form a slow gear clutch (42); the slow gear driving gear (32) is constantly meshed with a slow gear driven gear (27) mounted on the output shaft (30) to provide power for the slow gear forward driving condition of the output shaft (30); The slow gear transmission gear (38) is constantly meshed with the reverse gear transmission gear (7). The reverse gear transmission gear (7) is fixedly mounted on one end of the reverse shaft (12) close to the input coupling (35). A reverse piston (8), a reverse return spring (4) and a reverse inner friction plate (10) are arranged inside the reverse gear transmission gear (7). A reverse driving gear (11) is also mounted on the reverse shaft (12) so as to rotate relatively. A reverse driving gear seat (5) of the reverse driving gear (11) is provided with a reverse outer friction plate (9) for cooperating with the reverse inner friction plate (10) to form a reverse clutch (44). The reverse driving gear (11) is constantly meshed with a slow gear driven gear (27) mounted on the output shaft (30) to provide power for the slow gear reverse working condition of the output shaft (30). A fast gear clutch housing (26) is fixedly mounted on one end of the input shaft (18) away from the input coupling (35), and a fast gear piston (21), a fast gear return spring (28) and a fast gear inner friction plate (23) are arranged in the fast gear clutch housing (26); a fast gear driving gear (16) is also mounted on the input shaft (18) for relative rotation, and a fast gear outer friction plate (24) is arranged on the fast gear driving gear seat (29) of the fast gear driving gear (16) for cooperating with the fast gear inner friction plate (23) to form a fast gear clutch (43); the fast gear driving gear (16) is constantly meshed with a fast gear driven gear (25) fixedly mounted on the output shaft (30) to provide power for the fast gear forward driving condition of the output shaft (30); The output shaft (30) outputs power to the outside through the output coupling (20). The housing is also provided with an oil pump (2). The oil pump (2) supplies oil to the reverse shaft (12) and the input shaft (18) under the control of the control valve (1).

2. The fast and slow gear output marine gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reverse shaft (12) is supported on the housing (3) via a bearing A (6) and a bearing B (14); an end cover of the reverse shaft (12) away from the input coupling (35) is provided with a reverse oil inlet cover (13); the oil pump (2) is connected to the reverse working oil circuit (45) of the reverse shaft (12) via the reverse oil inlet cover (13) to supply oil for the gearbox in the slow gear reverse working condition.

3. The fast and slow gear output marine gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input shaft (18) is supported on the housing (3) via a bearing C (19) and a bearing F (34); an end cover of the input shaft (18) away from the input coupling (35) is provided with a follow-up oil inlet cover (15); the oil pump (2) is connected to the follow-up working oil path (46) of the input shaft (18) via the follow-up oil inlet cover (15) to supply oil for the slow gear follow-up and fast gear follow-up working conditions of the gearbox.

4. The fast and slow gear output marine gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the input shaft (18) that is away from the input coupling (35) is positioned with the housing (3) via a positioning plate (17).

5. The fast and slow gear output marine gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that: An input flange (37) is provided at one end of the input shaft (18) close to the input coupling (35), and the input coupling (35) is fixedly mounted on the input flange (37).

6. The fast and slow gear output marine gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output shaft (30) is supported on the housing (3) via a bearing D (22) and a bearing E (31).

7. The fast and slow gear output marine gearbox according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The slow gear driven gear (27) and the fast gear driven gear (25) can be detachably mounted on the output shaft (30). The speed ratio of the gear box is adjusted by changing the number of teeth of the slow gear driven gear (27) and the fast gear driven gear (25), that is, the speed output by the output shaft (30) is adjusted.

8. The fast and slow gear output marine gearbox according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The slow gear driving gear (32) is arranged on the input shaft (18) close to the fast gear driving gear (16), so that the slow gear driven gear (27) is also arranged on the output shaft (30) close to the fast gear driven gear (25).

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