A shock-absorbing tenon test bench and test method

Abstract

The present invention provides a shock-absorbing tenon test bench and test method, which relate to the field of bridge construction technology, in order to solve the problems of low efficiency and complicated operation of the shock-absorbing tenon test device. The shock-absorbing tenon test bench comprises an upper clamping assembly and an L-shaped claw movably connected to the test bench frame, the upper clamping assembly is connected to the actuator of the test bench, and the upper clamping assembly is used to clamp the ball head of the shock-absorbing tenon; the upper clamping assembly comprises a movable chuck and a fixed chuck cooperating with the movable chuck, the movable chuck is movably connected to the fixed chuck, the fixed chuck is connected to the actuator, and the movable chuck and the fixed chuck both have a trapezoidal groove for accommodating the ball head; the claw is used to clamp the side and upper surface of the flange of the shock-absorbing tenon. The shock-absorbing tenon test bench provided by the present invention is used for reciprocating performance testing of shock-absorbing tenons.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of bridge construction, and in particular to a shock-absorbing tenon test bench and a test method. Background Art

[0002] The shock-absorbing tenon is a cantilever beam steel rod damper. When used on a bridge and encounters an earthquake, it utilizes the accumulated plastic deformation after the metal yields to dissipate the seismic energy.

[0003] At present, there are many specifications and models of shock-absorbing tenons in use. When testing the performance of the shock-absorbing tenon, the shock-absorbing tenon needs to be fixed on the test bench, but the fixed position of the test bench is fixed and cannot meet the needs of fixing shock-absorbing tenons of various sizes. In the prior art, the commonly used method of fixing the shock-absorbing tenon requires the use of an adapter plate, which is indirectly fixed to the test bench through the adapter plate. However, the installation efficiency of the adapter device is low, the frequency of use is low, and the testing cost is increased. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a shock-absorbing tenon test bench and a test method.

[0005] The technical solution of the shock-absorbing tenon test bench not only provides a new type of universal test device, but also improves the installation efficiency and the economy of the shock-absorbing tenon.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above problems existing in the prior art and provide a shock-absorbing tenon test bench, comprising an upper clamping assembly and an L-shaped claw movably connected to the test bench frame.

[0007] The upper clamping assembly is connected to the actuator of the test bench, and the upper clamping assembly is used to clamp the ball head of the shock absorbing tenon;

[0008] The upper clamping assembly comprises a movable clamp and a fixed clamp matched with the movable clamp, the movable clamp is movably connected to the fixed clamp, the fixed clamp is connected to the actuator, and both the movable clamp and the fixed clamp have a trapezoidal groove for accommodating the ball head;

[0009] The clamping claws are used to clamp the side and upper surface of the flange of the shock-absorbing tenon.

[0010] According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the L-shaped claw is further provided with at least one fixing bolt, and the fixing bolt is used to fix the upper surface of the flange.

[0011] According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, a self-lubricating plate is provided on at least one waistline plane of the trapezoidal groove, and the self-lubricating plate is used to reduce the friction resistance between the shock-absorbing tenon ball head and the upper clamping assembly.

[0012] According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the self-lubricating plate includes a non-metallic self-lubricating plate and / or a metal-based self-lubricating plate.

[0013] According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the top and bottom ends of the movable chuck and / or the fixed chuck have limiting portions, and the limiting portions are used to fix the upper surface and the lower surface of the ball head of the shock absorbing tenon.

[0014] According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the device further comprises a force transmission rod, the fixing chuck is connected to the actuator via the force transmission rod, and the force transmission rod is fixedly connected or detachably connected to the fixing chuck.

[0015] According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, right-angled trapezoidal clamping blocks are provided at the relative positions of the movable clamp and the corresponding fixed clamp, each of the clamping blocks is movably connected to the movable clamp or the fixed clamp by a bolt, and the hypotenuse plane of the clamping block is used to clamp the ball head.

[0016] According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the stand is further provided with at least two T-slots, and the clamping claw is fixedly connected to the T-blocks provided in the T-slots by bolts.

[0017] According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the movable clamp and the fixed clamp are connected by at least two bolts.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the shock-absorbing tenon test bench of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0019] The shock-absorbing tenon test bench provided by the present invention has an upper clamping assembly that clamps the ball head of the shock-absorbing tenon in the form of a movable clamp and a fixed clamp that cooperate with each other. Since the movable clamp is movably connected to the fixed clamp, the distance between the movable clamp and the fixed clamp is adjustable, and it is applicable to ball heads of various sizes. After the ball head is clamped, the shock-absorbing tenon ball head can be driven to reciprocate through an actuator connected to the fixed clamp. Both the movable clamp and the fixed clamp have a trapezoidal groove for accommodating the ball head, and the two trapezoidal grooves cooperate with each other to form a space for accommodating the ball head. Since the ball head is round, the clamping surfaces of the trapezoidal structure can cooperate with each other to clamp ball heads of different sizes, so that the four clamping surfaces can all contact the ball head, thereby fixing the ball head and making it more stable. An L-shaped clamp is used, and the L-shaped clamp is movably connected to the test bench frame to facilitate the replacement of shock-absorbing tenon flanges of different specifications, and different fixed positions can be replaced. The two surfaces of the L-shaped clamping claw are respectively clamped to the side surface and the upper surface of the flange of the damping tenon, and the flange is fixed to the stand from two directions, so that the fixing effect is better. At the same time, the L-shaped clamping claw of the present invention is very long, and is also suitable for fixing large-sized flanges without frequently changing clamping claws of different sizes. Therefore, the damping tenon flange of the present invention has strong versatility.

[0020] At the same time, compared with the transfer tooling, the universal performance of the test bench of the present invention greatly reduces the number of processing of the transfer tooling and reduces the cost.

[0021] Another object of the present invention is to provide a shock-absorbing tenon testing method, wherein the flange of the shock-absorbing tenon is fixed to the frame of the above-mentioned shock-absorbing tenon testing bench, and the ball head of the shock-absorbing tenon is clamped in the upper clamping assembly.

[0022] The advantages of the shock-absorbing tenon test method as compared with the prior art are the same as those of the above-mentioned shock-absorbing tenon, which will not be described in detail here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure. These drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification.

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a shock-absorbing tenon test bench structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a claw structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a claw structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an upper clamping assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a top cross-sectional schematic diagram of an upper clamping assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Reference numerals: 1-claw; 11-fastening bolt; 12-connecting bolt; 13-fastening screw hole

[0030] 2-upper clamping assembly; 21-movable chuck; 22-fixed chuck; 23-bolt; 24-self-lubricating plate; 25-force transmission rod; 3-shock-absorbing tenon; 4-stand; 41-T-slot; 42-T-block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present disclosure is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implementations. It is understood that the specific implementations described herein are only used to explain the relevant content, rather than to limit the present disclosure. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0032] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present disclosure may be combined with each other. The present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0033] The shock-absorbing tenon has the characteristics of low yield strength and good ductility. As an energy-absorbing shock-absorbing device with simple structure, excellent performance and good economy, it has the advantages of no leakage, good durability and simple structure compared with the viscous damper. When used in bridges, when an earthquake comes, the shock-absorbing tenon can enter yield earlier than the main structure of the bridge, thereby using the accumulated plastic deformation after the metal yields to achieve the purpose of dissipating earthquake energy.

[0034] Due to the difference in bridge types, different bridge types in the same region use different shock-absorbing tenon structural dimensions, and the shock-absorbing tenon structural dimensions of bridges in different regions are also different, resulting in many specifications and models of shock-absorbing tenons on the market. When testing the performance of the shock-absorbing tenon, the shock-absorbing tenon needs to be fixed on the test bench. The diversity of specifications and models of the shock-absorbing tenon brings problems to the fixation of the shock-absorbing tenon. In the prior art, the shock-absorbing tenon is fixed on the adapter plate by processing different adapters, so as to be connected to the test bench. However, the flange of the shock-absorbing tenon is fixed to the adapter with connecting bolts, and then the adapter plate is fixed to the test bench platform. The installation efficiency of the adapter is not high, and there are problems such as low installation efficiency, low frequency of use, and increased testing costs.

[0035] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a shock-absorbing tenon test bench includes an upper clamping assembly and an L-shaped claw movably connected to the test bench frame, the upper clamping assembly is connected to the actuator of the test bench, and the upper clamping assembly is used to clamp the ball head of the shock-absorbing tenon; the upper clamping assembly includes a movable chuck and a fixed chuck cooperating with the movable chuck, the movable chuck is movably connected to the fixed chuck, the fixed chuck is connected to the actuator, and both the movable chuck and the fixed chuck have a trapezoidal groove for accommodating the ball head; the claw is used to clamp the side and upper surface of the flange of the shock-absorbing tenon.

[0036] like Figure 1As shown, when in use, the L-shaped clamping claw 1 fixes the side and upper surface of the flange of the shock-absorbing tenon 3, fixes it on the bench 4 of the test bench, and the clamping claw 1 is movably fixed on the bench 4 of the test bench, which can be used to adapt to different flange sizes for easy removal or installation. The movable clamp 21 and the fixed clamp 22 are separated, or the spacing is adjusted, and the ball head of the shock-absorbing tenon 3 is placed in the trapezoidal groove between the two, and then the distance between the movable clamp 21 and the fixed clamp 22 is tightened to clamp the ball head of the shock-absorbing tenon 3. Due to the use of the trapezoidal groove, the planes of the four trapezoidal waistlines can all contact with the ball head, making the clamping more stable. At the same time, the use of the trapezoidal groove can be suitable for ball heads of different sizes, so that the planes of the four waistlines can all contact with the ball head, and the clamping effect is good. The clamping claw 1 adopts an L-shape, and its two faces are respectively clamped to the side and upper surface of the flange of the shock-absorbing tenon, so that the flange is fixed on the bench more stably. When the flange and the ball head are fixed, the upper clamping assembly 2 is driven to reciprocate horizontally through the action of the actuator, so as to test the load reciprocating performance of the shock-absorbing tenon.

[0037] Considering that when the L-shaped claw 1 is clamped on the upper surface of the flange, there may be a gap between the flange and the claw 1, the embodiment of the present invention further provides at least one fixing bolt on the L-shaped claw 1, which is used to fix the upper surface of the flange.

[0038] like Figure 2-3 The L-shaped claw 1 shown has a tightening threaded hole, which cooperates with the tightening bolt 11. The tightening bolt 11 passes through the claw 1, and the stepped surface of the claw 1 is pressed against the side of the flange. If there is a gap between the claw 1 and the shock-absorbing tenon flange or the shock-absorbing tenon flange and the test bench, by tightening the tightening bolt 11 and pressing it against the upper surface of the flange, the gap can be reduced to a minimum, ensuring that the shock-absorbing tenon 3 does not shake during the test; thus, the fixation of the shock-absorbing tenon to the fixed platform is completed. Since the L-shaped claw 1 is very long in order to adapt to flanges of different sizes, it is suitable for shock-absorbing tenon flanges of various models and sizes, and optionally, it is the same as the length of the test bench. The tightening bolt 11 is set to multiple along the length direction of the claw 1, and different numbers of tightening bolts 11 can be selected according to flanges of different sizes. For example, the tightening bolt 11 can be set to 1, 2, etc., and some embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to this.

[0039] In some embodiments, in the trapezoidal groove in the upper clamping assembly 2 on the above-mentioned shock-absorbing tenon test bench, a self-lubricating plate 24 is provided on the waistline plane of the trapezoid, and the self-lubricating plate 24 is used to reduce the friction resistance between the ball head of the shock-absorbing tenon and the upper clamping assembly 2.

[0040] The trapezoidal groove can be formed by processing the opposite surfaces of the movable clamp 21 and the fixed clamp 22, that is, the surfaces used to clamp the ball head of the shock-absorbing tenon into a trapezoidal structure, and a self-lubricating plate 24 is provided on the waistline plane of the trapezoid in contact with the ball head of the shock-absorbing tenon. The self-lubricating plate 24 here can be a non-metallic material, exemplarily graphite, molybdenum disulfide, polytetrafluoroethylene, etc., or a metal-based material with lubricating function, such as copper or copper-based materials, including adding lead, aluminum or tin to the copper matrix, and can also be an iron-based alloy material, including Fe / C, Fe-Cu / C, Fe-Mo / C, etc. Preferably, the self-lubricating plate 24 can be made of self-lubricating material, and is used to reduce the friction resistance between the ball head and the movable chuck 21 and the fixed chuck 22 during the load reciprocating performance test of the shock-absorbing tenon. This is because the ball head of the shock-absorbing tenon inevitably rotates between the two chucks during the load reciprocating performance test. By adding the self-lubricating plate 24, the friction resistance can be reduced, so that the shock-absorbing tenon ball head can rotate more flexibly in the two chucks, ensuring that the test results are more accurate. Exemplarily, the self-lubricating plate 24 can be embedded in the waistline plane of the two chucks, that is, constraint pits are set on the waistline planes of the two chucks, and the self-lubricating plate 24 is embedded in the constraint pits. The self-lubricating plate 24 can also be fixed on the waistline planes of the two chucks by welding or bonding.

[0041] In order to further accurately limit the ball head of the shock absorbing tenon between the two clamps (the movable clamp 21 and the fixed clamp 22), there are limiting parts at the top and bottom ends of the movable clamp and / or the fixed clamp, and the limiting parts are used to fix the upper surface and lower surface of the ball head of the shock absorbing tenon.

[0042] See also Figure 4 In some embodiments, the movable clamp 21 and the fixed clamp 22 each have two limiting portions, such as the limiting portion 211 of the movable clamp 21 is located at Figure 4 At the top of the observation surface, the limit portion 212 is located Figure 4 The bottom end of the observation surface is used to limit the upper and lower end surfaces of the ball head. Optionally, the limiting parts 221 and 222 of the fixed clamp 22 are respectively located at Figure 4 The top and bottom of the observation surface simultaneously limit the upper and lower end surfaces of the ball head of the shock-absorbing tenon. The limiting parts 211, 212, 221, and 222 jointly limit the ball head in the trapezoidal groove, making the clamping of the ball head more stable, and at the same time during the test process, it can ensure that the test results are more accurate. The limiting parts 211, 212, 221, and 222 can be tightly attached to the upper and lower end surfaces of the ball head, or they can maintain a certain gap with the ball head so that the ball head can move between the two chucks as necessary. It can be understood that the movable chuck 21 and the fixed chuck 22 may also not have limiting parts, so that the ball head is not restricted at the upper and lower end surfaces.

[0043] The upper clamping assembly 2 is used to pull the shock-absorbing tenon ball head to reciprocate. The upper clamping assembly 2 is connected to the force transmission rod. The fixed clamp 22 is connected to the actuator through the force transmission rod 25. The force transmission rod 25 is fixedly connected or detachably connected to the fixed clamp 22.

[0044] See also Figure 4 or Figure 5 The force transmission rod 25 can be fixedly connected to the fixed chuck 22, such as by welding, or integrally formed with the fixed chuck 22. Optionally, the force transmission rod 25 can be detachably connected to the fixed chuck 22, such as by threading. The detachable connection can be conveniently replaced when the fixed chuck 22 is damaged or cannot hold the ball head due to size reasons. If the force transmission rod 25 is fixedly connected to the fixed chuck 22, it needs to be replaced as a whole, but the accuracy of the measurement performance is guaranteed.

[0045] In some embodiments, right-angled trapezoidal clamping blocks 210, 220 are arranged at the relative positions of the movable clamp 21 and the corresponding fixed clamp 22, each of the clamping blocks is movably connected to the movable clamp 21 or the fixed clamp 22 by bolts, and the hypotenuse planes of the right-angled trapezoidal clamping blocks 210, 220 are used to clamp the ball head.

[0046] See also Figure 5 The trapezoidal groove can be formed by setting a right-angled trapezoidal clamping block integrally formed with the movable chuck 21 and the corresponding fixed chuck 22 on one side, and the right-angled trapezoidal clamping blocks 210 and 220 are separately formed on the other side of the movable chuck 21 and the corresponding fixed chuck 22, and are fixedly connected to the two chucks by bolts. The two movable right-angled trapezoidal clamping blocks and the two right-angled trapezoidal clamping blocks fixed on the chucks jointly form a trapezoidal groove. Since the two movable right-angled trapezoidal clamping blocks 210 and 220 are detachable, when the clamping surface is damaged or due to reasons such as size, it is convenient to replace them, or directly replace the angle trapezoidal clamping blocks 210 and 220 to achieve the situation where the original trapezoidal groove cannot clamp the ball head. In some embodiments, the trapezoidal groove can be formed by 4 right-angled trapezoidal clamping blocks detachably connected to the movable chuck 21 and the fixed chuck 22, and fixedly connected to the two chucks by bolts. That is, at the relative positions of the right-angled trapezoidal clamping blocks 210 and 220, the right-angled trapezoidal clamping blocks integrally formed with the chuck can also be separately formed clamping blocks. The four movable clamping blocks together form a trapezoidal groove for clamping the ball head of the shock-absorbing tenon. The four movable clamping blocks can be conveniently replaced when damaged. It is understandable that each movable right-angled trapezoidal clamping block can be limited on the two chucks by keyways or other forms to prevent rotation, and the specific form is not limited here.

[0047] In some embodiments, the movable clamp 21 and the fixed clamp 22 are connected by at least two bolts 23. The upper and lower sides (relative to the Figure 5The movable clamp 21 and the fixed clamp 22 are provided with through holes, threaded holes, etc., and are movably connected by bolts 23. For the stability of clamping, multiple bolts can be provided on the upper and lower sides of the movable clamp 21 and the fixed clamp 22 for connection. The length of the bolt 23 can be greater than the thickness of the two clamps, so as to adapt to the clamping of a larger size ball head.

[0048] See also Figure 1 As shown, the stand 4 is further provided with at least two T-slots 41 , and the claw 1 is fixedly connected to a T-block 42 provided in the T-slot 41 by means of bolts 12 .

[0049] The T-slots 41 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper clamping assembly 2, so that the two opposite surfaces of the flange of the damping tenon 3 can be fixed. The number of groups of T-slots 41 is determined according to the size of the flange of the damping tenon 3 to be measured. In some embodiments, the specific number is not limited here. The T-slots 41 can be arranged along the length direction of the stand 4 (perpendicular to Figure 1 The T-shaped slot 41 is usually provided with a T-shaped block 42 adapted thereto, and the claw 1 can be fixed to the T-shaped block 42 by means of a bolt 12. The fixing effect is better and firmer by the arrangement of the T-shaped slot 41 and the T-shaped block 42. The T-shaped block 42 can slide in the T-shaped slot 41, so as to facilitate the positioning and fixing of the flange at any position or any size.

[0050] An embodiment of the present invention also provides a shock-absorbing tenon testing method, in which the flange of the shock-absorbing tenon is fixed to the frame of the shock-absorbing tenon test bench of the above embodiment, and the ball head of the shock-absorbing tenon is clamped in an upper clamping assembly.

[0051] Specifically, the shock-absorbing tenon 3 is first placed on the bench 4, and the claw 1 is installed on both sides of the movement direction of the shock-absorbing tenon 3 or the direction perpendicular to it according to the position of the T-slot 41, and the two L-shaped surfaces of the claw 1 are pressed against the side and upper surface of the flange respectively, and then fixed to the T-block 42 by the bolt 12; the tightening bolt 11 is adjusted, and the tightening bolt 11 is pressed against the upper surface of the flange to ensure that the gap between the claw 1 and the shock-absorbing tenon flange or the shock-absorbing tenon flange and the fixed platform of the test bench bench 4 is reduced to a minimum, and the shock-absorbing tenon does not shake during the test. The shock-absorbing tenon 3 is connected to the horizontal force-applying device through the upper clamping assembly 2. When connecting, the position of the bolt and the movable clamp 21 is adjusted so that the end ball head of the lower shock-absorbing tenon 3 can be placed in the space between the non-metallic plate, and the movable clamp 21 and the fixed clamp 22 are fixed to ensure that the end ball head of the shock-absorbing tenon 3 cannot move freely inside the upper clamping assembly 2, and the connection between the shock-absorbing tenon 3 and the horizontal force-applying device is completed.

[0052] After fixing the ball head and the flange, turn on the horizontal force-applying device, which drives the force transmission rod 25 to move. The force transmission rod 25 transmits the horizontal force to the ball head at the end of the shock-absorbing tenon 3 through the upper clamping assembly 2, thereby performing reciprocating motion under the action of the horizontal force-applying device.

[0053] Compared with the prior art, the test method provided in the embodiment of the present invention has the same beneficial effects as the shock-absorbing tenon test bench provided in the above-mentioned embodiment, which will not be described in detail here.

[0054] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment / method", "some embodiments / methods", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment / method or example are included in at least one embodiment / method or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment / method or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments / methods or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments / methods or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments / methods or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0055] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0056] Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments are only for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other changes or modifications may be made based on the above disclosure, and these changes or modifications are still within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A shock-absorbing tenon test bench, characterized in that: It includes an upper clamping assembly and an L-shaped claw movably connected to the test bench frame, The upper clamping assembly is connected to the actuator of the test bench, and the upper clamping assembly is used to clamp the ball head of the shock absorbing tenon; The upper clamping assembly comprises a movable clamp and a fixed clamp matched with the movable clamp, the movable clamp is movably connected to the fixed clamp, the fixed clamp is connected to the actuator, and both the movable clamp and the fixed clamp have a trapezoidal groove for accommodating the ball head; The clamping claw is used to clamp the side surface and upper surface of the flange of the shock absorbing tenon; The clamping claw is also provided with at least one fixing bolt, and the fixing bolt is used to fix the upper surface of the flange; A self-lubricating plate is provided on at least one waistline plane of the trapezoidal groove, and the self-lubricating plate is used to reduce the friction resistance between the shock-absorbing tenon ball head and the upper clamping assembly.

2. The shock-absorbing tenon test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-lubricating plate includes a non-metal self-lubricating plate and / or a metal-based self-lubricating plate.

3. The shock-absorbing tenon test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top and bottom ends of the movable clamp and the fixed clamp are provided with limiting parts, and the limiting parts are used to fix the upper surface and the lower surface of the ball head of the shock absorbing tenon.

4. The shock-absorbing tenon test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top and bottom ends of the movable chuck or the fixed chuck are provided with limiting parts, and the limiting parts are used to fix the upper surface and the lower surface of the ball head of the shock absorbing tenon.

5. The shock-absorbing tenon test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a force transmission rod, and the fixed clamp is connected to the actuator through the force transmission rod.

6. The shock-absorbing tenon test bench according to claim 5, characterized in that: The force transmission rod is fixedly connected or detachably connected to the fixing clamp.

7. The shock-absorbing tenon test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: A right-angle trapezoidal clamping block is arranged at the relative position of the movable clamping head and the corresponding fixed clamping head. Each clamping block is movably connected to the movable clamping head or the fixed clamping head through a bolt, and the hypotenuse plane of the clamping block is used to clamp the ball head.

8. The shock-absorbing tenon test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stand is also provided with at least two T-slots, and the clamping claw is fixedly connected to the T-blocks arranged in the T-slots by bolts.

9. The shock-absorbing tenon test bench according to claim 8, characterized in that: The T-block can slide in the T-slot.

10. The shock-absorbing tenon test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable clamp and the fixed clamp are connected by at least two bolts.

11. A shock-absorbing tenon test method, characterized in that: Fix the flange of the shock-absorbing tenon on the stand of the shock-absorbing tenon test bench as described in any one of claims 1 to 10, clamp the ball head of the shock-absorbing tenon in the upper clamping assembly, and after fixing the ball head and the flange, turn on the horizontal force-applying device, which drives the force transmission rod to move, and the force transmission rod transmits the horizontal force to the ball head at the end of the shock-absorbing tenon through the upper clamping assembly, thereby performing reciprocating motion under the action of the horizontal force-applying device.

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