Phased array antenna, array unit and scanning angle adjustment method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a phased array antenna, an array unit and a scanning angle adjustment method, wherein a first heterogeneous array element is arranged outside a first outermost array element so that the phase of the first heterogeneous array element lags behind the phase of the corresponding first outermost array element, thereby making the first phase plane of the first heterogeneous array element and the corresponding first outermost array element tilted relative to the equal phase plane and arranged at an angle. Since the maximum beam pointing direction is always perpendicular to each phase plane, the maximum beam pointing direction of the equal phase plane is perpendicular to the direction of the equal phase plane, and the maximum beam pointing direction of the first phase plane is perpendicular to the direction of the first phase plane. In combination with the first phase plane being arranged at an angle with the equal phase plane, the maximum beam pointing directions of the two phase planes are in different directions, thereby improving the scanning capability of the array unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of mobile communication technology, and in particular to a phased array antenna, an array unit and a scanning angle adjustment method. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of mobile communication technology, phased array antennas have been widely used in various fields. Among them, the most important indicator of phased array antennas is the wide-angle beam scanning capability within the working bandwidth. At the same time, the beam gain within the scanning range is required to be high and have small fluctuations, low sidelobe level, low loss, and good matching to ensure the coverage of the millimeter wave wireless system. In order to meet the above requirements, the phased array antenna needs to have the characteristics of a wide array element beam, a sufficient number of array elements, a sufficiently small array element spacing, and high isolation between array elements. In order to meet the above characteristics, the spacing between the array elements of the phased array antenna needs to be adjusted, which affects the scanning capability of the antenna array. Summary of the invention

[0003] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a phased array antenna, array unit and scanning angle adjustment method to address the problem that affects the scanning capability.

[0004] The technical solution is as follows:

[0005] In one aspect, an array unit is provided, comprising:

[0006] at least two first array elements are arranged at equal intervals along a first straight line, and at least two of the first array elements have equal phase planes parallel to the first straight line; and

[0007] a first heterogeneous array element, wherein the first heterogeneous array element is arranged outside the outermost first array element;

[0008] The phase of the first heterogeneous array element lags behind the phase of the outermost first array element, the first heterogeneous array element and the outermost first array element have a first phase plane, and the first phase plane is arranged at an angle to the equal phase plane.

[0009] The technical solution is further described below:

[0010] In one embodiment, the array unit further includes a power divider, a first feeder and a second feeder, wherein the first feeder is used to electrically connect the power divider to the outermost first array element, the second feeder is used to electrically connect the first heterogeneous array element to the power divider, and the length of the second feeder is longer than that of the first feeder.

[0011] In one of the embodiments, the array unit further includes a first phase shifter, and the first phase shifter is used to adjust the phase of the first heterogeneous array element.

[0012] In one embodiment, the array unit further includes a first electrically controlled port and at least two second electrically controlled ports, the first electrically controlled port being used to adjust the phase of the first heterogeneous array element, at least two of the second electrically controlled ports being arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with at least two of the first array elements, and the second electrically controlled ports being used to adjust the phase of the corresponding first array element.

[0013] In one embodiment, the array unit further includes a second heterogeneous array element, which is arranged on a side of the first heterogeneous array element away from the first array element, a phase of the second heterogeneous array element lags behind a phase of the first heterogeneous array element, the second heterogeneous array element and the first heterogeneous array element have a second phase plane, and the second phase plane is arranged at an angle to the equal phase plane.

[0014] In one of the embodiments, the array unit further includes an adjustment mechanism, and the adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the phase difference between the second heterogeneous array element, the first heterogeneous array element and the outermost first array element.

[0015] In one embodiment, at least two of the first array elements cooperate to form an array element assembly, and along the first straight line direction, the first heterogeneous array elements are provided on both sides of the array element assembly, and each of the first heterogeneous array elements has the first phase plane with the corresponding outermost first array element.

[0016] On the other hand, a phased array antenna is provided, comprising the array unit.

[0017] In another aspect, a scanning angle adjustment method is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0018] Arranging a heterogeneous array element at the outermost side of an array element assembly having an equiphase plane, and electrically connecting the heterogeneous array element to a first array element at the outermost side of the array element assembly by using a power divider;

[0019] The phase difference between the heterogeneous array element and the first array element is adjusted, thereby adjusting the scanning angle.

[0020] In one of the embodiments, after the step of adjusting the phase difference between the heterogeneous array element and the first array element, the method further includes:

[0021] The power ratio between the heterogeneous array element and the first array element is adjusted, thereby adjusting the scanning angle.

[0022] The phased array antenna, array unit and scanning angle adjustment method of the above-mentioned embodiment, by setting the first heterogeneous array element outside the outermost first array element, makes the phase of the first heterogeneous array element lag behind the phase of the corresponding outermost first array element, so that the first phase plane of the first heterogeneous array element and the corresponding outermost first array element are inclined relative to the equal phase plane and are set at an angle. Since the maximum beam pointing direction is always perpendicular to each phase plane, the maximum beam pointing direction of the equal phase plane is perpendicular to the direction of the equal phase plane, and the maximum beam pointing direction of the first phase plane is perpendicular to the direction of the first phase plane. In combination with the first phase plane and the equal phase plane being set at an angle, the maximum beam pointing directions of the two phase planes (the equal phase plane and the first phase plane) are in different directions, thereby improving the scanning capability of the array unit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an array unit according to an embodiment;

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an array unit according to another embodiment;

[0027] Figure 3 For array element components and Figure 1 Directivity pattern of array elements;

[0028] Figure 4 For large angle scanning array element components and Figure 1 Directivity pattern of the array elements.

[0029] Description of reference numerals:

[0030] 100, first array element; 110, equal phase plane; 120, first straight line; 200, first heterogeneous array element; 300, first phase plane; 410, power divider; 420, first feed line; 430, second feed line; 440, first phase shifter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0032] In one embodiment, a phased array antenna is provided, including an array unit. The array unit is applied to the phased array antenna, so that the degree of freedom provided by the diversity of array element patterns generated by the array unit can be utilized, thereby improving the scanning capability of the scanning phased array.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, optionally, the array unit includes a first heterogeneous array element 200 and at least two first array elements 100 .

[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, at least two first array elements 100 are arranged at equal intervals along the first straight line 120, which is beneficial to reducing the volume of the entire phased array antenna and conforms to the development trend of miniaturization.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, at least two first array elements 100 have equal phase planes 110 parallel to the first straight line 120 .

[0036] Of course, during use, in order to radiate and scan signals, the phases of the first array elements 100 may also differ, so that the entire phased array antenna meets actual use requirements.

[0037] Optionally, the first array element 100 may be a radiation oscillator.

[0038] Optionally, the interval between two adjacent first array elements 100 may be half a waveguide wavelength.

[0039] The specific number of the first array elements 100 used can be flexibly adjusted according to actual use requirements, for example, it can be four, six or more.

[0040] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first heterogeneous array element 200 is arranged outside the outermost first array element 100.

[0041] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, optionally, when the first straight line 120 extends along the left-right direction, the first heterogeneous array element 200 may be arranged on the left side of the leftmost first array element 100, the first array element 100 may be arranged on the right side of the rightmost first array element 100, or one first heterogeneous array element 200 may be arranged on the left side of the leftmost first array element 100 and on the right side of the rightmost first array element 100.

[0042] In addition, in order to reduce the volume of the phased array antenna, the first heterogeneous element can be arranged on an extension trajectory of the first straight line 120 .

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, the phase of the first heterogeneous array element 200 lags behind the phase of the outermost first array element 100 corresponding thereto. Figure 1 As shown, the first heterogeneous array element 200 and the outermost first array element 100 have a first phase plane 300. At the same time, the first phase plane 300 and the equal phase plane 110 are arranged at an angle.

[0044] Optionally, the first heterogeneous array element 200 may be a radiating oscillator.

[0045] In order to achieve a wide element beam, traditional phased array antennas usually adopt the following two methods: the first is to change the structure of the entire phased array antenna, that is, to reduce the spacing between the elements. However, when the spacing between the elements becomes smaller, the mutual coupling between the elements will increase, the performance of the antenna will deteriorate seriously, and the scanning capability will be affected. The second is to add a special boundary structure around the phased array antenna. This method will cause the phased array antenna to become larger and more complex in structure, which is not conducive to antenna array formation.

[0046] In the array unit of the above embodiment, the first heterogeneous array element 200 is arranged outside the outermost first array element 100, so that the phase of the first heterogeneous array element 200 lags behind the phase of the corresponding outermost first array element 100, so that the first phase plane 300 of the first heterogeneous array element 200 and the corresponding outermost first array element 100 are inclined relative to the equal phase plane 110 and are arranged at an angle. Since the maximum beam pointing direction is always perpendicular to each phase plane, the maximum beam pointing direction of the equal phase plane 110 is perpendicular to the equal phase plane 110 (such as Figure 1 The maximum beam direction of the first phase plane 300 is perpendicular to the first phase plane 300 (as shown in the A direction). Figure 1 As shown in the B direction), combined with the first phase plane 300 and the equal phase plane 110 being set at an angle, the maximum beam pointing directions of the two phase planes (the equal phase plane 110 and the first phase plane 300) are in different directions, thereby improving the scanning capability of the array unit.

[0047] The array unit of the above embodiment can simply and conveniently improve the scanning capability without changing the form of the first array elements 100 , adjusting the intervals between the first array elements 100 , or adding a boundary structure.

[0048] Among them, the phase difference between the first heterogeneous array element 200 and the outermost first array element 100 makes the first phase plane 300 and the equal phase plane 110 be set at an angle. The size of the angle can be flexibly adjusted according to actual use needs, and it only needs to satisfy the requirement of not affecting the overall radiation pattern of the phased array antenna.

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, optionally, the array unit further includes a power divider 410 , a first feed line 420 and a second feed line 430 .

[0050] Specifically, one end of the first feeder 420 is electrically connected to the power divider 410 , and the other end of the first feeder 420 is electrically connected to the corresponding outermost first array element 100 , so that the power divider 410 is electrically connected to the corresponding outermost first array element 100 by using the first feeder 420 .

[0051] Specifically, one end of the second feeder 430 is electrically connected to the power divider 410 , and the other end of the second feeder 430 is electrically connected to the first heterogeneous array element 200 , so that the first heterogeneous array element 200 is electrically connected to the power divider 410 by using the second feeder 430 .

[0052] Furthermore, the length of the second feeder 430 is longer than that of the first feeder 420, so that the phase of the first heterogeneous array element 200 lags behind the phase of the corresponding outermost first array element 100, thereby making the first phase plane 300 inclined and arranged at an angle relative to the equal phase plane 110. Furthermore, the power of the first heterogeneous array element 200 and the corresponding outermost first array element 100 can be distributed and adjusted through the power divider 410, so that the first heterogeneous array element 200 and the corresponding outermost first array element 100 can share one electrical control port, which is conducive to reducing the number of ports.

[0053] like Figure 2As shown, further, the array unit further includes a first phase shifter 440, and the first phase shifter 440 is used to adjust the phase of the first heterogeneous array element 200. In this way, the phase of the first heterogeneous array element 200 is adjusted by the first phase shifter 440, so as to adjust the phase difference between the first heterogeneous array element 200 and the corresponding outermost first array element 100, and then adjust the angle between the first phase plane 300 and the equal phase plane 110, so as to adjust the scanning angle. Moreover, after the phase difference between the first heterogeneous array element 200 and the corresponding outermost first array element 100 is adjusted by the first phase shifter 440, the power ratio between the first heterogeneous array element 200 and the corresponding outermost first array element 100 can be adjusted by the power divider 410, and the scanning angle is further adjusted, so that the adjustment method of the scanning angle is more flexible, and the adjustment range of the scanning angle is also wider.

[0054] Specifically, the first phase shifter 440 is electrically connected to the second feeder 430 , so that the phase of the first heterogeneous array element 200 can be adjusted accordingly by using the first phase shifter 440 .

[0055] Of course, in other embodiments, the phase adjustment of the first heterogeneous array element 200 may also be achieved in other ways.

[0056] Optionally, the array unit further includes a first electrical control port (not shown) and at least two second electrical control ports 130 .

[0057] Specifically, the first electrically controlled port is used to adjust the phase of the first heterogeneous array element 200. In this way, the phase and power of the first heterogeneous array element 200 can be adjusted by using a single first electrically controlled port.

[0058] like Figure 1 As shown, specifically, at least two second electrically controlled ports 130 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with at least two first array elements 100, and the second electrically controlled ports 130 are used to adjust the phase of the corresponding first array element 100. In this way, the phase and power of the corresponding first array element 100 can be adjusted by using each second electrically controlled port 130, thereby realizing array scanning. Combined with the adjustment of the phase and power of the first heterogeneous array element 200 by the first electrically controlled port, the phase difference between the first heterogeneous array element 200 and the corresponding outermost first array element 100 is adjusted, and then the angle between the first phase plane 300 and the equal phase plane 110 is adjusted, thereby adjusting the scanning angle.

[0059] In addition, in order to further meet the scanning requirements of phased array antennas.

[0060] Optionally, the array unit further includes a second heterogeneous array element (not shown).

[0061] Specifically, the second heterogeneous array element is disposed on a side of the first heterogeneous array element 200 away from the first array element 100 .

[0062] Optionally, when the first straight line 120 extends in the left-right direction; when the first heterogeneous array element 200 can be arranged on the left side of the leftmost first array element 100, the second heterogeneous array element can be arranged on the left side of the first heterogeneous array element 200; when the first array element 100 can also be arranged on the right side of the rightmost first array element 100, the second heterogeneous array element can be arranged on the right side of the first heterogeneous array element 200; a first heterogeneous array element 200 is arranged on the left side of the leftmost first array element 100 and on the right side of the rightmost first array element 100, or a second heterogeneous array element is arranged on the left side of the leftmost first heterogeneous array element 200 and a second heterogeneous array element is arranged on the right side of the rightmost first heterogeneous array element 200.

[0063] In addition, in order to reduce the volume of the phased array antenna, the second heterogeneous element can be arranged on an extension trajectory of the first straight line 120 .

[0064] Among them, the phase of the second heterogeneous array element lags behind the phase of the first heterogeneous array element 200. In addition, the second heterogeneous array element and the first heterogeneous array element 200 have a second phase plane. In addition, the second phase plane is set at an angle with the equal phase plane 110. In this way, the maximum beam pointing direction of the equal phase plane 110 is perpendicular to the direction of the equal phase plane 110, the maximum beam pointing direction of the first phase plane 300 is perpendicular to the direction of the first phase plane 300, and the maximum beam pointing direction of the second phase plane is perpendicular to the direction of the second phase plane. In combination with the first phase plane 300 and the second phase plane being set at an angle with the equal phase plane 110, the maximum beam pointing directions of the three phase planes (the equal phase plane 110, the first phase plane 300 and the second phase plane) are in different directions, which further improves the scanning capability of the array unit.

[0065] Optionally, the second heterogeneous array element may be a radiating oscillator.

[0066] Among them, the phase difference between the second heterogeneous array element and the first heterogeneous array element 200 makes the second phase plane and the equal phase plane 110 set at an angle. The size of the angle can be flexibly adjusted according to actual use needs, as long as it does not affect the overall radiation pattern of the phased array antenna.

[0067] Furthermore, the array unit further includes an adjustment mechanism. The adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the phase difference between the second heterogeneous array element, the first heterogeneous array element 200 and the outermost first array element 100. In this way, the adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the phase difference between the second heterogeneous array element, the first heterogeneous array element 200 and the outermost first array element 100, and then the first phase plane 300 and the angle between the second phase plane and the equal phase plane 110 are adjusted, so as to adjust the scanning angle, so that the adjustment of the scanning angle is more flexible, and the adjustment range of the scanning angle is wider.

[0068] The adjustment mechanism adjusts the phase difference between the second heterogeneous array element, the first heterogeneous array element 200 and the outermost first array element 100, and the adjustment may be performed by a phase shifter or an electrically controlled port.

[0069] Optionally, the adjustment mechanism includes a second phase shifter and a third phase shifter, wherein the second phase shifter is used to adjust the phase of the first heterogeneous array element 200, and the third phase shifter is used to adjust the phase of the third heterogeneous array element, thereby adjusting the phase difference between the second heterogeneous array element, the first heterogeneous array element 200 and the outermost first array element 100.

[0070] Optionally, the adjustment mechanism includes a third electrically controlled port, a fourth electrically controlled port, and at least two fifth electrically controlled ports. The third electrically controlled port is used to adjust the phase of the second heterogeneous array element, the fourth electrically controlled port is used to adjust the phase of the first heterogeneous array element 200, the at least two fifth electrically controlled ports are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the at least two first array elements 100, and the fifth electrically controlled port is used to adjust the phase of the corresponding first array element 100, thereby achieving the adjustment of the phase difference between the second heterogeneous array element, the first heterogeneous array element 200, and the outermost first array element 100.

[0071] In addition, the phase difference between the second heterogeneous array element, the first heterogeneous array element 200 and the outermost first array element 100 is adjusted by using the adjustment structure, and the power between the second heterogeneous array element, the first heterogeneous array element 200 and the outermost first array element 100 is distributed by using the power divider 410, so that the scanning angle can be adjusted more flexibly.

[0072] In addition, in order to ensure the uniformity of signal radiation.

[0073] Optionally, at least two first array elements 100 cooperate to form an array element assembly.

[0074] Wherein, along the direction of the first straight line 120, both sides of the array element assembly are provided with first heterogeneous array elements 200, and each first heterogeneous array element 200 and the corresponding outermost first array element 100 have a first phase plane 300. In this way, both sides of the equal phase plane 110 have first phase planes 300, and each first phase plane 300 is arranged at an angle with the equal phase plane 110, so that the scanning angle is larger.

[0075] In one embodiment, the array element assembly is a linear array, and the array element assembly includes four first array elements 100. The power between the four first array elements 100 is the same, that is, the power between the four first array elements 100 is 1:1:1:1, and the phase between the four first array elements 100 is 0°. The directional diagram after the array element assembly is excited is as follows: Figure 3 As shown by the dotted line, the array pattern is not scanned, the maximum direction of the array element component is 0°, and the gain is 12.2dB. When the power of the array element component excitation remains unchanged, and the phase difference between the two adjacent first array elements 100 is 176°, as shown in Figure 4 As shown, the gain of the array element assembly is 9.2 dB, that is, when the gain of the array element assembly decreases by 3 dB relative to the non-scanning array, the corresponding maximum scanning angle of the array element assembly is -53°.

[0076] In addition, when the power ratio between the outermost first array element 100 and the corresponding first heterogeneous array element 200 is 9:1, the phase lag of the first heterogeneous array element 200 is 100° behind the phase of the corresponding outermost first array element 100, the power between the four first array elements 100 is the same, and the phase between the four first array elements 100 is 0°, that is, the array unit directivity pattern is not scanned, the maximum direction of the array unit is 0°, and the gain is 10.96dB. When the power of the array unit excitation remains unchanged and the phase difference between the two adjacent first arrays is also 176°, as shown in Figure 4 As shown, the array unit gain is 9.9dB, and the corresponding maximum scanning angle is -56°. Continue to increase the scanning angle, when the array unit gain decreases by 3dB relative to the non-scanning array unit, that is, the array unit gain is 7.96dB, the corresponding phase difference between the two adjacent first array elements 100 is 193°, and the corresponding maximum scanning angle is -59.5°. When the array unit gain decreases by 3dB relative to the non-scanning array element assembly, that is, the array unit gain is 9.2dB, the corresponding phase difference between the two adjacent first array elements 100 is 183°, and the corresponding maximum scanning angle is -58°. Therefore, through comparisons in multiple dimensions, the maximum scanning angle of the array unit is increased by more than 5° compared with the array element assembly.

[0077] In addition, under the same excitation conditions, when the array is not scanning, the gain of the array unit is lower than that of the array element assembly, and the wave width of the array unit is larger than that of the array element assembly. When the array is scanning at a large angle, the scanning angle of the array unit is larger than that of the array element assembly, and the gain of the array unit is larger than that of the array element assembly.

[0078] In one embodiment, a scanning angle adjustment method is further provided, comprising at least the following steps: arranging a heterogeneous array element at the outermost side of an array element assembly having an equiphase plane 110, and electrically connecting the heterogeneous array element to a first array element 100 located at the outermost side of the array element assembly by using a power divider 410; and adjusting a phase difference between the heterogeneous array element and the first array element 100, thereby adjusting the scanning angle.

[0079] In the scanning angle adjustment method of the above embodiment, the first heterogeneous array element 200 is arranged outside the outermost first array element 100, so that the phase of the first heterogeneous array element 200 lags behind the phase of the corresponding outermost first array element 100, so that the first phase plane 300 of the first heterogeneous array element 200 and the corresponding outermost first array element 100 are inclined relative to the equal phase plane 110 and are arranged at an angle. Since the maximum beam pointing direction is always perpendicular to each phase plane, the maximum beam pointing direction of the equal phase plane 110 is perpendicular to the direction of the equal phase plane 110, and the maximum beam pointing direction of the first phase plane 300 is perpendicular to the direction of the first phase plane 300. In combination with the first phase plane 300 and the equal phase plane 110 being arranged at an angle, the maximum beam pointing directions of the two phase planes (the equal phase plane 110 and the first phase plane 300) are in different directions, thereby improving the scanning capability of the array unit. Furthermore, by adjusting the phase difference between the first heterogeneous array element 200 and the corresponding outermost first array element 100 , the angle between the first phase plane 300 and the equal phase plane 110 is adjusted, thereby adjusting the scanning angle.

[0080] Furthermore, after the step of adjusting the phase difference between the heterogeneous array element and the first array element 100, the method further includes: adjusting the power ratio between the heterogeneous array element and the first array element 100, thereby adjusting the scanning angle. In this way, after adjusting the phase difference between the first heterogeneous array element 200 and the corresponding outermost first array element 100, the power ratio between the first heterogeneous array element 200 and the corresponding outermost first array element 100 can be adjusted through the power divider 410, and the scanning angle can be further adjusted, so that the adjustment method of the scanning angle is more flexible and the adjustment range of the scanning angle is wider.

[0081] The scanning angle adjustment method of the above embodiment can be conveniently and effectively applied to one-dimensional and two-dimensional large-angle scanning arrays.

[0082] It should be noted that "some body" or "some part" can be a part of the corresponding "component", that is, "some body" or "some part" can be integrally formed with the "other parts of the component"; it can also be an independent component that can be separated from the "other parts of the component", that is, "some body" or "some part" can be manufactured independently and then combined with the "other parts of the component" into a whole. The expression of the above-mentioned "some body" or "some part" in this application is only one of the embodiments, for the convenience of reading, and not to limit the scope of protection of this application. As long as it contains the above-mentioned features and has the same function, it should be understood as an equivalent technical solution of this application.

[0083] It should be noted that the components included in the "unit", "assembly", "mechanism" and "device" of this application can also be flexibly combined, that is, modular production can be carried out according to actual needs to facilitate modular assembly. The division of the above components in this application is only one of the embodiments, for the convenience of reading, and not to limit the scope of protection of this application. As long as the above components are included and have the same functions, it should be understood that it is an equivalent technical solution of this application.

[0084] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention. The term "and / or" used in the present invention includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0085] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0086] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0087] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0088] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed on", "set on", "fixed on" or "installed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there can be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there can be a central element at the same time. Further, when an element is considered to be "fixed transmission connected" to another element, the two can be fixed in a detachable connection manner or in a non-detachable connection, as long as power transmission can be achieved, such as socketing, snap-on, one-piece molding fixation, welding, etc., which can be achieved in the prior art and will not be repeated here. When an element is perpendicular or approximately perpendicular to another element, it means that the ideal state of the two is vertical, but due to the influence of manufacturing and assembly, there may be a certain vertical error. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation method. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0089] It should also be understood that when explaining the connection relationship or positional relationship of elements, although not explicitly described, the connection relationship and positional relationship are interpreted as including an error range, which should be within the acceptable deviation range of a specific value determined by those skilled in the art. For example, "approximately", "approximately" or "substantially" may mean within one or more standard deviations, which are not limited here.

[0090] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0091] The above embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. An array unit, characterized in that: include: At least two first array elements are arranged at equal intervals along a first straight line, and at least two of the first array elements have equal phase planes parallel to the first straight line; and a first heterogeneous array element, wherein the first heterogeneous array element is arranged outside the outermost first array element; The phase of the first heterogeneous array element lags behind the phase of the first array element at the outermost side, the first heterogeneous array element and the first array element at the outermost side have a first phase plane, and the first phase plane is arranged at an angle with the equal phase plane; the array unit further includes a power divider, a first feeder and a second feeder, the first feeder is used to electrically connect the power divider with the first array element at the outermost side, the second feeder is used to electrically connect the first heterogeneous array element with the power divider, and the length of the second feeder is longer than the length of the first feeder.

2. The array unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first array element is a radiating oscillator; the distance between two adjacent first array elements is half the waveguide wavelength; and the first heterogeneous array element is a radiating oscillator.

3. The array unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The array unit further includes a first phase shifter, and the first phase shifter is used to adjust the phase of the first heterogeneous array element.

4. The array unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The array unit also includes a first electrically controlled port and at least two second electrically controlled ports, the first electrically controlled port is used to adjust the phase of the first heterogeneous array element, at least two of the second electrically controlled ports are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with at least two of the first array elements, and the second electrically controlled ports are used to adjust the phase of the corresponding first array element.

5. The array unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The array unit also includes a second heterogeneous array element, which is arranged on a side of the first heterogeneous array element away from the first array element, a phase of the second heterogeneous array element lags behind a phase of the first heterogeneous array element, the second heterogeneous array element and the first heterogeneous array element have a second phase plane, and the second phase plane is arranged at an angle to the equal phase plane.

6. The array unit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The array unit further includes an adjustment mechanism, and the adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the phase difference between the second heterogeneous array element, the first heterogeneous array element and the outermost first array element.

7. The array unit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: At least two of the first array elements cooperate to form an array element assembly. Along the first straight line direction, the first heterogeneous array elements are arranged on both sides of the array element assembly, and each of the first heterogeneous array elements and the corresponding outermost first array element have the first phase plane.

8. A phased array antenna, characterized in that: Comprising the array unit according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A method for adjusting the scanning angle of an array unit according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: At least the following steps are included: Arranging a heterogeneous array element at the outermost side of an array element assembly having an equiphase plane, and electrically connecting the heterogeneous array element to a first array element at the outermost side of the array element assembly by using a power divider; The phase difference between the heterogeneous array element and the first array element is adjusted, thereby adjusting the scanning angle.

10. The scanning angle adjustment method according to claim 9, characterized in that: After the step of adjusting the phase difference between the heterogeneous array element and the first array element, the method further includes: The power ratio between the heterogeneous array element and the first array element is adjusted, thereby adjusting the scanning angle.

Images