Working valve and multi-way valve
By introducing a buffer chamber and a check valve into the working valve plate, the flow rate of pressure oil is controlled, which solves the problem of excessively fast pressure oil flow rate in the excavator, extends the service life of the valve plate and reduces manufacturing costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202111606291.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2021-12-26
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-17
- Estimated Expiration
- 2041-12-26
AI Technical Summary
The service life of the working valve plate in the excavator is reduced due to the rapid pressure oil flow rate, which causes the valve stem to be impacted and affects the equipment performance.
A working valve plate is designed, and a buffer chamber is provided in the valve body, and the main oil inlet passage, the first branch passage and the second branch passage are connected through the buffer chamber. The cross-sectional area of the buffer chamber is greater than that of the main oil inlet passage, and the pressure oil is first After entering the buffer chamber, enter the branch passage, reduce the flow rate, and install a check valve and compression spring in the buffer chamber to control the hydraulic pressure and flow rate.
It effectively reduces the flow rate of pressure oil, reduces the impact on the valve stem, extends the service life of the working valve plate, simplifies the structure and manufacturing difficulty, and reduces the manufacturing cost.
Smart Images
Figure CN114294285B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of hydraulic components for construction machinery, and in particular to a working valve plate and a multi-way valve. Background Art
[0002] The materials excavated by excavators are mainly soil, coal, silt, and pre-loosened soil and rocks. From the development of construction machinery in recent years, the development of excavators is relatively fast, and excavators have become one of the most important construction machinery in engineering construction.
[0003] Usually, an excavator uses a multi-way valve as a power element to control the bucket in front of the excavator to dig. In addition, the multi-way valve usually includes an oil inlet valve plate, an oil return valve plate and multiple working valve plates. Usually, the working valve plate includes a valve body and a valve stem. The valve body is provided with a valve cavity, a main oil inlet channel, a first branch channel, a second branch channel, a first oil distribution channel and a second oil distribution channel. The valve stem can be movably arranged in the valve cavity to control the first branch channel to connect to the first oil distribution channel through the valve cavity, or to control the second branch channel to connect to the second oil distribution channel through the valve cavity. When the pressure oil in the main oil inlet channel enters the first branch channel or the second branch channel, the flow rate of the pressure oil in the first branch channel or the second branch channel is too fast, which is easy to cause impact on the valve stem and reduce the service life of the working valve plate. Summary of the invention
[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a working valve plate and a multi-way valve to solve the problem of too fast flow rate of the pressure oil entering the first branch channel or the second branch channel from the main oil inlet channel.
[0005] The working valve plate provided in the present application includes a valve body and a valve stem, wherein the valve body is provided with a valve cavity, a main oil inlet channel, a first branch channel, a second branch channel, a first oil distribution channel, and a second oil distribution channel, and the valve stem is movably arranged in the valve cavity to control the first branch channel to communicate with the first oil distribution channel through the valve cavity, or to control the second branch channel to communicate with the second oil distribution channel through the valve cavity. The valve body is provided with a buffer chamber, and the main oil inlet channel, the first branch channel, and the second branch channel are mutually connected in pairs through the buffer chamber.
[0006] In one embodiment, the cross-sectional area of the buffer chamber is greater than the cross-sectional area of the main oil inlet passage. It can be understood that such a configuration is conducive to effectively reducing the flow rate of the pressure oil.
[0007] In one embodiment, the main oil inlet channel is arranged in the middle of the buffer chamber, and the first branch channel and the second branch channel are arranged on opposite sides of the buffer chamber. It can be understood that such an arrangement is conducive to reducing the difficulty of manufacturing the working valve plate.
[0008] In one embodiment, the inner wall of the buffer chamber located on the side opposite to the main oil inlet passage is recessed in a direction away from the main oil inlet passage to form a groove structure. It can be understood that such a configuration is conducive to expanding the volume of the buffer chamber.
[0009] In one embodiment, a first one-way valve is provided in the buffer chamber. When the hydraulic pressure of the pressure oil in the main oil inlet channel is greater than a first preset pressure value, the first one-way valve connects the main oil inlet channel and the buffer chamber. When the hydraulic pressure of the pressure oil in the main oil inlet channel is less than or equal to the first preset pressure value, the first one-way valve blocks the main oil inlet channel and the buffer chamber. It can be understood that such a configuration is conducive to further reducing the flow rate of the pressure oil from the main oil inlet channel into the buffer chamber.
[0010] In one embodiment, the first one-way valve includes a first compression spring and a first movable plug connected to one end of the first compression spring, and the first compression spring can push the first movable plug to block the main oil inlet channel and the buffer chamber. It can be understood that such a configuration is conducive to simplifying the structure of the first one-way valve, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the working valve plate.
[0011] In one embodiment, the valve stem is provided with an oil replenishment channel connecting the first oil distribution channel and the first branch channel, and a second one-way valve is provided in the oil replenishment channel. When the hydraulic pressure of the pressure oil entering the oil replenishment channel from the first oil distribution channel is greater than a second preset pressure value, the second one-way valve opens the oil replenishment channel, and when the hydraulic pressure of the pressure oil entering the oil replenishment channel from the first oil distribution channel is less than or equal to the second preset pressure value, the second one-way valve closes the oil replenishment channel. It can be understood that such a configuration is conducive to further improving the oil replenishment efficiency of the second oil distribution channel.
[0012] In one embodiment, the second one-way valve includes a second compression spring and a second movable plug connected to one end of the second compression spring, and the second compression spring can push the second movable plug to block the oil replenishment channel. It can be understood that such a configuration is conducive to simplifying the structure of the second one-way valve, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the working valve plate.
[0013] In one embodiment, the second movable plug is provided with a pressure-bearing groove connected to the oil replenishing channel, the pressure-bearing groove is provided with a first pressure-bearing wall and a second pressure-bearing wall distributed along the axial direction of the second compression spring, the first pressure-bearing wall is provided at one end of the second movable plug close to the second compression spring, the second pressure-bearing wall is provided at one end of the second movable plug away from the second compression spring, and the projection area of the first pressure-bearing wall on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the second compression spring is larger than the projection area of the second pressure-bearing wall on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the second compression spring. It can be understood that such a configuration is conducive to the pressure oil opening the second movable plug.
[0014] The present application also provides a multi-way valve, which includes the working valve plate described in any one of the above embodiments.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the working valve plate and multi-way valve provided in the present application, when the pressure oil leaves the main oil inlet channel, first enters the buffer chamber. Under the buffering effect of the buffer chamber, the flow rate of the pressure oil decreases. Therefore, when the pressure oil enters the first branch channel or the second branch channel, the flow rate of the pressure oil is greatly reduced, thereby reducing the impact on the valve stem. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the conventional technology, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the conventional technology descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.
[0017] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the working valve plate provided for this application;
[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 An enlarged view of point A is shown;
[0019] Figure 3 Pipeline diagram of the working valve plate provided for this application.
[0020] Figure numerals: 100, valve body; 110, valve chamber; 120, main oil inlet channel; 131, first branch channel; 132, second branch channel; 133, first oil distribution channel; 134, second oil distribution channel; 150, buffer chamber; 151, groove structure; 200, valve stem; 210, oil replenishing channel; 220, second one-way valve; 221, second compression spring; 222, second movable plug; 223, pressure-bearing groove; 223a, first pressure-bearing wall; 223b, second pressure-bearing wall; 400, first one-way valve; 410, first compression spring; 420, first movable plug. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.
[0022] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
[0023] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0024] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being “above” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being “above”, “above”, and “above” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being “below”, “below”, and “below” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.
[0025] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be the only implementation method.
[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.
[0027] The materials excavated by excavators are mainly soil, coal, silt, and pre-loosened soil and rocks. From the development of construction machinery in recent years, the development of excavators is relatively fast, and excavators have become one of the most important construction machinery in engineering construction.
[0028] Usually, the excavator uses a multi-way valve as a power element to control the bucket in front of the excavator to dig. In addition, the multi-way valve usually includes an oil inlet valve plate, an oil return valve plate and multiple working valve plates. Usually, the working valve plate includes a valve body 100 and a valve stem 200. The valve body 100 is provided with a valve cavity 110, a main oil inlet channel 120, a first branch channel 131, a second branch channel 132, a first oil distribution channel 133 and a second oil distribution channel 134. The valve stem 200 can be movably arranged in the valve cavity 110 to control the first branch channel 131 to connect to the first oil distribution channel 133 through the valve cavity 110, or to control the second branch channel 132 to connect to the second oil distribution channel 134 through the valve cavity 110. When the pressure oil in the main oil inlet channel 120 enters the first branch channel 131 or the second branch channel 132, the flow rate of the pressure oil in the first branch channel 131 or the second branch channel 132 is too fast, which is easy to cause impact on the valve stem 200, reducing the service life of the working valve plate.
[0029] See also Figure 1-Figure 3, in order to solve the problem of too fast flow rate of the pressure oil entering the first branch channel 131 or the second branch channel 132 from the main oil inlet channel 120. The working valve plate provided in the present application, wherein the valve body 100 is provided with a buffer chamber 150, and the main oil inlet channel 120, the first branch channel 131 and the second branch channel 132 are interconnected through the buffer chamber 150. In this way, when the pressure oil leaves the main oil inlet channel 120, it first enters the buffer chamber 150. Under the buffering effect of the buffer chamber 150, the flow rate of the pressure oil decreases. Therefore, when the pressure oil enters the first branch channel 131 or the second branch channel 132, the flow rate of the pressure oil is greatly reduced, thereby reducing the impact on the valve stem 200.
[0030] In order to effectively reduce the flow rate of the pressure oil, in one embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, the cross-sectional area of the buffer chamber 150 is greater than the cross-sectional area of the main oil inlet channel 120. Generally, when the flow rate of the fluid remains unchanged, the larger the cross-sectional area of the flow channel, the smaller the flow rate of the fluid. When the pressure oil enters the buffer chamber 150 from the main oil inlet channel 120, since the cross-sectional area of the buffer chamber 150 is greater than the cross-sectional area of the main oil inlet channel 120, the cross-sectional area of the flow channel of the pressure oil increases and the flow rate of the pressure oil decreases. Furthermore, one or more protrusions can be provided in the buffer cavity to further slow down the flow rate of the pressure oil.
[0031] In order to reduce the manufacturing difficulty of the working valve plate, in one embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, the main oil inlet channel 120 is disposed in the middle of the buffer chamber 150, and the first branch channel 131 and the second branch channel 132 are distributed on opposite sides of the buffer chamber 150. However, the main oil inlet channel 120, the first branch channel 131 and the second branch channel 132 may also be disposed at other positions of the buffer chamber 150.
[0032] Furthermore, in order to expand the volume of the buffer chamber 150, in one embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, the inner wall of the buffer chamber 150 located on the side opposite to the main oil inlet channel 120 is recessed in a direction away from the main oil inlet channel 120 to form a groove structure 151 .
[0033] In order to further reduce the flow rate of the pressurized oil from the main oil inlet passage 120 into the buffer chamber 150, in one embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, a first one-way valve 400 is provided in the buffer chamber 150. When the hydraulic pressure of the pressurized oil in the main oil inlet channel 120 is greater than a first preset pressure value, the first one-way valve 400 connects the main oil inlet channel 120 and the buffer chamber 150. When the hydraulic pressure of the pressurized oil in the main oil inlet channel 120 is less than or equal to the first preset pressure value, the first one-way valve 400 blocks the main oil inlet channel 120 and the buffer chamber 150.
[0034] Furthermore, in order to simplify the structure of the first one-way valve 400 and thereby reduce the manufacturing cost of the working valve plate. Figure 1 As shown, the first one-way valve 400 includes a first compression spring 410 and a first movable plug 420 connected to one end of the first compression spring 410 . The first compression spring 410 can push the first movable plug 420 to block the main oil inlet channel 120 and the buffer chamber 150 .
[0035] When the second oil distribution channel 134 receives oil from the second branch channel 132 and the first oil distribution channel 133 returns oil, in order to further improve the oil replenishment efficiency of the second oil distribution channel 134, in one embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the valve stem 200 is provided with an oil replenishment channel 210 connecting the first oil distribution channel 133 and the first branch channel 131, and a second one-way valve 220 is provided in the oil replenishment channel 210. When the hydraulic pressure of the pressure oil entering the oil replenishment channel 210 from the first oil distribution channel 133 is greater than the second preset pressure value, the second one-way valve 220 opens the oil replenishment channel 210, and when the hydraulic pressure of the pressure oil entering the oil replenishment channel 210 from the first oil distribution channel 133 is less than or equal to the second preset pressure value, the second one-way valve 220 closes the oil replenishment channel 210. Since the main oil inlet channel 120, the first branch channel 131 and the second branch channel 132 are interconnected, the first branch channel 131 and the second branch channel 132 are connected. Therefore, when the hydraulic pressure of the pressurized oil entering the oil replenishing channel 210 from the first oil dividing channel 133 is greater than the second preset pressure value, the second one-way valve 220 opens the oil replenishing channel 210, and the pressurized oil enters the oil replenishing channel 210 from the first oil dividing channel 133, and then enters the first branch channel 131 from the oil replenishing channel 210, and then enters the second branch channel 132 from the first branch channel 131, until entering the second oil dividing channel 134, finally completing the oil replenishing operation of the second oil dividing channel 134.
[0036] In order to simplify the structure of the second one-way valve 220 and thereby reduce the manufacturing cost of the working valve plate. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the second one-way valve 220 includes a second compression spring 221 and a second movable plug 222 connected to one end of the second compression spring 221, and the second compression spring 221 can push the second movable plug 222 to block the oil replenishing channel 210. Similarly, it should be noted that the second preset pressure value mainly depends on the elastic coefficient of the second compression spring 221, that is, different second preset pressure values can be set by changing the elastic coefficient of the second compression spring 221.
[0037] In order to facilitate the pressure oil to open the second movable plug 222, in one embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the second movable plug 222 is provided with a pressure-bearing groove 223 connected to the oil replenishing channel 210, and the pressure-bearing groove 223 is provided with a first pressure-bearing wall 223a and a second pressure-bearing wall 223b distributed along the axial direction of the second compression spring 221, the first pressure-bearing wall 223a is provided at one end of the second movable plug 222 close to the second compression spring 221, and the second pressure-bearing wall 223b is provided at one end of the second movable plug 222 away from the second compression spring 221, and the projection area of the first pressure-bearing wall 223a on the plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the second compression spring 221 is greater than the projection area of the second pressure-bearing wall 223b on the plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the second compression spring 221. When the pressure is constant, the larger the force-bearing area, the greater the pressure. Therefore, the pressure acting on the first pressure-bearing wall 223a and parallel to the axial direction of the second compression spring 221 is greater than the pressure acting on the second pressure-bearing wall 223b and parallel to the axial direction of the second compression spring 221. In this way, when the difference between the pressure acting on the first pressure-bearing wall 223a and parallel to the axial direction of the second compression spring 221 and the pressure acting on the second pressure-bearing wall 223b and parallel to the axial direction of the second compression spring 221 is greater than the second preset pressure value, part of the pressure oil pushes open the second movable plug 222 and enters the first branch channel 131, and then enters the second branch channel 132 from the first branch channel 131, until entering the second oil distribution channel 134, and finally completing the oil replenishment operation of the second oil distribution channel 134.
[0038] The present application also provides a multi-way valve, which includes the working valve plate described in any one of the above embodiments.
[0039] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.
[0040] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the scope of patent protection of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.
Claims
1. A working valve plate, characterized in that: The invention comprises a valve body (100) and a valve stem (200); the valve body (100) is provided with a valve cavity (110), a main oil inlet channel (120), a first branch channel (131), a second branch channel (132), a first oil distribution channel (133) and a second oil distribution channel (134); the valve stem (200) is movably arranged in the valve cavity (110) to control the first branch channel (131) to communicate with the first oil distribution channel (133) through the valve cavity (110), and to control the second branch channel (132) to communicate with the second oil distribution channel (134) through the valve cavity (110); The valve body (100) is provided with a buffer chamber (150), and the main oil inlet channel (120), the first branch channel (131) and the second branch channel (132) are interconnected through the buffer chamber (150); The main oil inlet channel (120) is arranged in the middle of the buffer chamber (150), and the first branch channel (131) and the second branch channel (132) are distributed on opposite sides of the buffer chamber (150); The inner wall of the buffer chamber (150) located on the side opposite to the main oil inlet channel (120) is recessed in a direction away from the main oil inlet channel (120) to form a groove structure (151); one or more protrusions are arranged in the buffer chamber; A first one-way valve (400) is provided in the buffer chamber (150). When the hydraulic pressure of the pressure oil in the main oil inlet channel (120) is greater than a first preset pressure value, the first one-way valve (400) connects the main oil inlet channel (120) and the buffer chamber (150). When the hydraulic pressure of the pressure oil in the main oil inlet channel (120) is less than or equal to the first preset pressure value, the first one-way valve (400) blocks the main oil inlet channel (120) and the buffer chamber (150). The cross-sectional area of the buffer chamber (150) is greater than the cross-sectional area of the main oil inlet passage (120); The first one-way valve (400) comprises a first compression spring (410) and a first movable plug (420) connected to one end of the first compression spring (410), and the first compression spring (410) can push the first movable plug (420) to block the main oil inlet channel (120) and the buffer chamber (150).
2. The working valve sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve stem (200) is provided with an oil replenishment channel (210) connecting the first oil distribution channel (133) and the first branch channel (131), and a second one-way valve (220) is provided in the oil replenishment channel (210). When the hydraulic pressure of the pressure oil entering the oil replenishment channel (210) from the first oil distribution channel (133) is greater than a second preset pressure value, the second one-way valve (220) opens the oil replenishment channel (210); when the hydraulic pressure of the pressure oil entering the oil replenishment channel (210) from the first oil distribution channel (133) is less than or equal to the second preset pressure value, the second one-way valve (220) closes the oil replenishment channel (210).
3. The working valve sheet according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second one-way valve (220) comprises a second compression spring (221) and a second movable plug (222) connected to one end of the second compression spring (221), and the second compression spring (221) can push the second movable plug (222) to block the oil replenishment channel (210).
4. The working valve sheet according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second movable plug (222) is provided with a pressure-bearing groove (223) connected to the oil replenishing channel (210); the pressure-bearing groove (223) is provided with a first pressure-bearing wall (223a) and a second pressure-bearing wall (223b) distributed along the axial direction of the second compression spring (221); the first pressure-bearing wall (223a) is provided at an end of the second movable plug (222) close to the second compression spring (221); the second pressure-bearing wall (223b) is provided at an end of the second movable plug (222) away from the second compression spring (221); and the projection area of the first pressure-bearing wall (223a) on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the second compression spring (221) is greater than the projection area of the second pressure-bearing wall (223b) on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the second compression spring (221).
5. A multi-way valve, characterized in that: It comprises a working valve plate as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.