Photovoltaic module test samples and photovoltaic module performance evaluation methods

Abstract

The present application provides a photovoltaic module test sample and a photovoltaic module performance evaluation method, which belongs to the field of solar cells. The cell string in the test sample includes a first cell and a second cell arranged side by side; the end of the first cell close to the second cell is the first end of the cell, and the end of the second cell close to the first cell is the second end of the cell; the first end of the cell and the second end of the cell overlap, and there is an inter-cell gap between the first end of the cell and the second end of the cell; wherein the test sample includes a heat-resistant insulation member, and the heat-resistant insulation member closes one of the openings of the inter-cell gap at both ends. The evaluation method includes: preparing the above-mentioned test sample for lamination, and then dissecting it so that the surface to be tested surrounded by the inter-cell gap is exposed, and obtaining the amount of adhesive film penetration by measuring the glue overflow area of ​​the surface to be tested, and judging the performance of the photovoltaic module according to the amount of adhesive film penetration, which can effectively shorten the cycle and reduce costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of solar cells, and in particular to a photovoltaic module test sample and a photovoltaic module performance evaluation method. Background Art

[0002] In the production of photovoltaic modules, product performance is usually evaluated to provide direction for improving the production process.

[0003] Currently, PV modules are usually manufactured and then tested for reliability to evaluate them. However, this method of manufacturing and testing PV modules is time-consuming and expensive. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a photovoltaic module test sample and a photovoltaic module performance evaluation method, which can judge the performance of the photovoltaic module according to the amount of film penetration, effectively shorten the cycle and reduce costs.

[0005] The embodiment of the present application is implemented as follows:

[0006] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a photovoltaic module test sample, comprising a back film, a battery string and a front film arranged in sequence along a first direction; the battery string comprises a first battery cell and a second battery cell distributed side by side along a second direction; the end of the first battery cell close to the second battery cell is the first end of the battery cell, and the end of the second battery cell close to the first battery cell is the second end of the battery cell; in the orthographic projection along the first direction, the first end of the battery cell and the second end of the battery cell overlap; there is an inter-cell gap between the first end of the battery cell and the second end of the battery cell; along the second direction, the opening of the inter-cell gap close to the edge of the first end of the battery cell is the first opening, and the opening of the inter-cell gap close to the edge of the second end of the battery cell is the second opening; wherein, the photovoltaic module test sample also includes a temperature-resistant insulation member, which closes the first opening or the second opening.

[0007] In the above technical solution, the test sample is set up with a battery string with overlapping battery cell ends, and adhesive films are set on the front and back of the battery string. During the lamination process, it can simulate the situation in which the adhesive film in conventional photovoltaic modules penetrates into the gaps between the cells.

[0008] Among them, the opening of the inter-sheet gap is sealed with a heat-resistant insulating member, which can prevent the adhesive film adjacent to the heat-resistant insulating member from penetrating into the inter-sheet gap during the lamination process, so that the adhesive film penetrating into the inter-sheet gap can more accurately reflect the penetration of the adhesive film not adjacent to the heat-resistant insulating member.

[0009] Therefore, after the simulated lamination process, the laminated test sample is dissected to expose the adhesive overflow in the gaps between the sheets, allowing for an accurate assessment of the amount of adhesive film penetration. This assessment of adhesive film penetration requires only dissecting the test sample after the simulated lamination process to determine the performance of the photovoltaic module based on the amount of adhesive film penetration. This eliminates the need for lengthy reliability testing, effectively shortening the cycle time and reducing costs.

[0010] In some optional embodiments, the temperature-resistant isolation member is a release film; the first battery cell includes a first battery cell body connected to the first end of the battery cell, and the second battery cell includes a second battery cell body connected to the second end of the battery cell; along the first direction, the side surface of the first battery cell body close to the second battery cell is the first surface of the battery cell, and the side surface of the second battery cell body close to the first battery cell is the second surface of the battery cell; wherein, the release film is provided on the second surface of the battery cell and closes the first opening; or, the release film is provided on the first surface of the battery cell and closes the second opening.

[0011] In the above technical solution, the heat-resistant spacer is configured as a release film, which can be laid directly on the surface of the battery cell, facilitating its placement. The release film is also easy to separate from adjacent structures, making it convenient to peel off the release film after lamination to measure the adhesive film that has penetrated the gap between the cells.

[0012] In some optional embodiments, the release film covers the second surface of the battery cell and closes the first opening; or, the release film covers the first surface of the battery cell and closes the second opening.

[0013] In the above technical solution, the release film covers the surface of the battery cell, and better isolates the surface of the battery cell and the corresponding adhesive film, which is conducive to peeling off the corresponding adhesive film after lamination and more convenient for further peeling of the release film.

[0014] In some optional embodiments, the thickness of the release film is 10 to 100 μm.

[0015] In the above technical solution, the release film has an appropriate thickness to ensure that the openings of the gaps between the sheets are effectively closed; at the same time, the pressure on the film during the lamination process is ensured to be equivalent to that without the release film, thereby being able to more accurately reflect the situation of the film penetrating into the gaps between the sheets.

[0016] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for evaluating the performance of a photovoltaic module, comprising: preparing a photovoltaic module test sample as provided in the embodiment of the first aspect; laminating the photovoltaic module test sample to obtain a laminated sample; dissecting the laminated sample to expose the glue overflow area inside the gap between sheets; measuring the amount of glue film penetration in the glue overflow area; and judging the performance of the photovoltaic module based on the amount of glue film penetration.

[0017] In the above technical solution, when evaluating the amount of film penetration, it is only necessary to prepare the test sample, then perform dissection measurement after simulated lamination treatment, and then judge the performance of the photovoltaic module based on the amount of film penetration. There is no need for long-term reliability testing, which can effectively shorten the cycle and reduce costs.

[0018] In some optional embodiments, the laminated sample is dissected so that the surface to be tested is exposed, and the glue overflow area is the adhesive area of ​​the surface to be tested; wherein the heat-resistant insulation member closes the first opening, and the surface to be tested is the side surface of the battery cell with the second end facing the gap between the cells; or, the heat-resistant insulation member closes the second opening, and the surface to be tested is the side surface of the battery cell with the first end facing the gap between the cells.

[0019] In the above technical solution, it was found that when the first opening was closed, the adhesive film penetrated from the second opening and mainly adhered to the surface of the second end of the battery cell facing the gap between the cells; when the second opening was closed, the adhesive film penetrated from the first opening and mainly adhered to the surface of the first end of the battery cell facing the gap between the cells. Measuring the overflow area on the surface to be tested can conveniently and accurately obtain the amount of adhesive film penetration.

[0020] In some optional embodiments, the glue film penetration amount is the maximum width of the glue overflow area in the second direction.

[0021] In the above technical solution, the maximum width of the overflow area in the second direction is convenient for testing and acquisition; moreover, it represents the maximum depth of the adhesive film penetrating from the opening into the gap between sheets, and can more accurately reflect the ability of the adhesive film to penetrate into the gap between sheets.

[0022] In some optional embodiments, during the operation of measuring the amount of film penetration, the overflowed glue area is observed using a microscope with a magnification of ≥96 times.

[0023] In the above technical solution, a microscope is used for convenient observation, and a magnification of ≥96 times is selected to ensure that the glue overflow area on the surface to be tested can be clearly observed, thereby ensuring that the obtained evaluation results are more accurate.

[0024] In some optional embodiments, the heat-resistant insulation member closes the first opening, and the operation of dissecting the laminated sample includes: peeling off the front adhesive film and the heat-resistant insulation member, and then removing the first end of the battery cell; or, the heat-resistant insulation member closes the second opening, and the operation of dissecting the laminated sample includes: peeling off the back adhesive film and the heat-resistant insulation member, and then removing the second end of the battery cell.

[0025] In the above technical solution, after peeling off the heat-resistant isolation piece, the surface to be tested is exposed by removing the end of the battery cell that blocks the surface to be tested. This is simpler to operate than removing the entire battery cell that blocks the surface to be tested.

[0026] In some optional embodiments, the laminated sample is subjected to a heat treatment before being dissected, and the heat treatment temperature is 200±20°C.

[0027] In the above technical solution, heating can reduce the adhesive force of the film, making dissection more convenient. Controlling the appropriate heating temperature effectively reduces the adhesive force of the film while ensuring that the film that has penetrated the gaps between the sheets maintains its post-lamination state, ensuring more accurate evaluation results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module test sample provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of a local structure of a photovoltaic module test sample provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view of a first photovoltaic module test sample provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of a second photovoltaic module test sample provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 5 A process flow chart of a photovoltaic module performance evaluation method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 6 for Figure 3 The schematic cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic module test sample after dissection is shown;

[0035] Figure 7 Figure 4 The cross-sectional diagram of the photovoltaic module test sample after dissection is shown.

[0036] Icon: 100-photovoltaic module test sample; 110-back film; 120-cell string; 121-first cell; 1211-first end of cell; 1212-first body of cell; 12121-first surface of cell; 122-second cell; 1221-second end of cell; 1222-second body of cell; 12221-second surface of cell; 123-gap between cells; 1231-first opening; 1232-second opening; 124-surface to be tested; 130-front film; 140-heat-resistant insulation; 150-back sheet; 160-panel; A-first direction; B-second direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0038] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0039] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0040] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientations or positional relationships in which the product of the application is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be understood as limitations on this application.

[0041] Furthermore, the terms “first”, “second”, etc. are merely used for distinguishing descriptions and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0042] In addition, the terms “perpendicular”, “parallel” and the like do not mean that the components must be absolutely perpendicular or parallel to each other, but rather may be slightly inclined.

[0043] It should also be noted that, in the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediate medium, or internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0044] The production of shingled modules is prone to problems such as low module efficiency and reliability issues. The inventors discovered that in shingled photovoltaic modules, gaps exist between the cells after stacking. The encapsulation film exhibits fluidity during high-temperature lamination, causing it to seep into these gaps during the lamination process. This reduces the effective contact area between the cells in a string, leading to lower module efficiency and the risk of reliability issues. Therefore, it is necessary to modify the film or improve the process.

[0045] To verify the improvement effect, the inventors are aware of a method to test the reliability of the manufactured components to verify the impact of the aforementioned film modification or production process improvements on component performance. However, this verification method is time-consuming and costly.

[0046] To address these issues, the inventors conducted further research and discovered that the amount of film penetration into the gaps between panels can effectively reflect the performance of photovoltaic modules, effectively assessing the impact of film modification and process improvements on module performance, and providing guidance for improving film materials and processes. Therefore, the inventors proposed creating a sample to directly measure the amount of film penetration into the gaps between panels. This penetration can be used to assess the impact of film modification or process improvements on module performance.

[0047] Based on the above research, firstly, referring to Figure 1 An embodiment of the present application provides a photovoltaic module test sample 100, including a backside adhesive film 110, a battery string 120 and a frontside adhesive film 130 arranged in sequence along a first direction A.

[0048] The first direction A is the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module test sample 100. When the photovoltaic module test sample 100 is placed on a horizontal surface, the first direction A corresponds to the vertical direction.

[0049] In the photovoltaic module sample, the materials and specifications of the back film 110, cell string 120, and front film 130 can all be configured according to conventional photovoltaic module standards. Furthermore, the structural composition of the photovoltaic module sample can also be configured according to conventional photovoltaic modules. For example, corresponding to a double-glass structure, the photovoltaic module sample also includes a backsheet 150 (e.g., glass) and a front panel 160 (e.g., glass). In the first direction A, the backsheet 150 is disposed on the side of the back film 110 away from the cell string 120, and the front panel 160 is disposed on the side of the front film 130 away from the cell string 120.

[0050] Reference Figure 2 In the present application, the battery string 120 includes a first battery cell 121 and a second battery cell 122 arranged side by side along a second direction B. The end of the first battery cell 121 closest to the second battery cell 122 is a first battery cell end 1211, and the end of the second battery cell 122 closest to the first battery cell 121 is a second battery cell end 1221. In an orthographic projection along the first direction A, the first battery cell end 1211 and the second battery cell end 1221 overlap; an inter-cell gap 123 is defined between the first battery cell end 1211 and the second battery cell end 1221. Along the second direction B, the opening of the inter-cell gap 123 close to the edge of the first battery cell end 1211 is a first opening 1231, and the opening of the inter-cell gap 123 close to the edge of the second battery cell end 1221 is a second opening 1232.

[0051] The second direction B is the length direction or width direction of the photovoltaic module test sample 100 , and the second direction B is perpendicular to the first direction A. When the photovoltaic module test sample 100 is placed on a horizontal surface, the second direction B corresponds to the horizontal direction.

[0052] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the present application, the photovoltaic module test sample 100 further includes a temperature-resistant insulation member 140 , and the temperature-resistant insulation member 140 closes the first opening 1231 or the second opening 1232 .

[0053] As an example, in the first direction A, the first end 1211 of the battery cell is located on the side of the second end 1221 of the battery cell close to the front film 130, and the structure of the heat-resistant insulation member 140 closing the first opening 1231 is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the structure of the heat-resistant insulating member 140 closing the first opening 1231 is as shown in FIG. Figure 4 shown.

[0054] Among them, the temperature-resistant insulation member 140 refers to an insulation member that can maintain the opening of the gap 123 between the closed sheets during the lamination process. Its material is not limited and can be selected from high-temperature resistant polymer materials, such as but not limited to EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer), POE (polymer of ethylene and butene, or polymer of ethylene and octene), TPO (thermoplastic polyolefin), epoxy resin or epoxy resin curing agent.

[0055] The photovoltaic module test sample 100 provided in this application, on the one hand, has the same structure as a conventional photovoltaic module, and can simulate the situation in which the adhesive film in a conventional photovoltaic module penetrates into the inter-sheet gap 123 when used for lamination. On the other hand, it is also different from conventional photovoltaic modules, for example, the opening of the inter-sheet gap 123 is sealed with a heat-resistant insulation member 140, and during the lamination process, the adhesive film adjacent to the heat-resistant insulation member 140 can be prevented from penetrating into the inter-sheet gap 123, so that the adhesive film penetrating into the inter-sheet gap 123 can more accurately reflect the penetration of the adhesive film not adjacent to the heat-resistant insulation member 140. Figure 3 The structure shown is used as an example. When the first opening 1231 closes the heat-resistant insulation member 140, the lamination process can prevent the front adhesive film 130 from penetrating into the inter-sheet gap 123 through the first opening 1231. At this time, only the back adhesive film 110 can penetrate into the inter-sheet gap 123 through the second opening 1232, so that the adhesive film penetrating into the inter-sheet gap 123 can more accurately reflect the penetration of the back adhesive film 110 in the inter-sheet gap 123.

[0056] By dissecting the photovoltaic module test sample 100 provided in this application after a simulated lamination process, the laminated test sample is exposed to reveal any excess adhesive in the interlamellar gaps 123, allowing for accurate assessment of adhesive film penetration. This test sample is used to assess adhesive film penetration, requiring only dissection and measurement after the simulated lamination process. The performance of the photovoltaic module can be determined based on the amount of adhesive film penetration, eliminating the need for lengthy reliability testing, effectively shortening cycle times and reducing costs.

[0057] It should be noted that, in the present application, the configuration of the temperature-resistant insulating member 140 is not limited, as long as it can close the target opening of the inter-sheet gap 123 , such as but not limited to strip, block or film shape.

[0058] In some exemplary embodiments, the temperature-resistant insulating member 140 is a release film.

[0059] To facilitate the subsequent description, some structures within the cell are first defined. The first cell 121 includes a first cell body 1212 connected to the first cell end 1211, and the second cell 122 includes a second cell body 1222 connected to the second cell end 1221. In the second direction B, the first cell body 1212 is the cell body structure located on the side of the first cell end 1211 away from the second cell 122, while the second cell body 1222 is the cell body structure located on the side of the second cell end 1221 away from the second cell 122.

[0060] Along the first direction A, the side surface of the first battery cell body 1212 close to the second battery cell 122 is the battery cell first surface 12121, and the side surface of the second battery cell body 1222 close to the first battery cell 121 is the battery cell second surface 12221. Figure 3 In the structure shown, the release film is disposed on the second surface 12221 of the battery cell and closes the first opening 1231; Figure 4 In the structure shown, the release film is disposed on the first surface 12121 of the battery cell and closes the second opening 1232 .

[0061] In this design, the heat-resistant spacer 140 is configured as a release film, which can be directly laid on the surface of the cell, facilitating the configuration of the heat-resistant spacer 140. The release film is also easy to separate from adjacent structures, making it easy to peel off the release film after lamination to measure the adhesive film that has penetrated into the inter-cell gap 123.

[0062] Optionally, in Figure 3 In the configuration shown, the release film covers the second surface 12221 of the battery cell and closes the first opening 1231. Alternatively, in the configuration shown Figure 4 In the illustrated configuration, the release film covers the first surface 12121 of the cell and closes the second opening 1232 .

[0063] Taking the release film covering the second surface 12221 of the battery cell as an example, it means that the second surface 12221 of the battery cell is completely covered by the release film, and along the orthographic projection of the first direction A, the release film completely overlaps with the second surface 12221 of the battery cell or exceeds the second surface. Optionally, the release film completely overlaps with the second surface 12221 of the battery cell.

[0064] In this design, the release film covers the surface of the battery cell, providing better isolation between the battery cell surface and the corresponding adhesive film, which is conducive to peeling off the corresponding adhesive film after lamination and more convenient for further peeling of the release film.

[0065] It is understandable that in other embodiments, the release film may only cover a local area of ​​the second surface 12221 of the battery cell.

[0066] Considering that when the release film is too thin, the inter-sheet gap 123 cannot be sealed well; when the release film is too thick, the pressure on the film will be too high while maintaining the same pressure conditions as in conventional lamination, which will lead to a large amount of film penetration into the inter-sheet gap 123. Therefore, it is optional to control the thickness of the release film within a certain standard.

[0067] Based on the above considerations, in some optional embodiments, the thickness of the release film is 10-100 μm, for example but not limited to any point value among 10 μm, 30 μm, 50 μm, 70 μm and 100 μm, or a range value between any two of them.

[0068] The thickness of the release film refers to the dimension of the release film in the first direction A.

[0069] In this design, the release film has an appropriate thickness to avoid the release film being too thin, thereby ensuring that the opening of the inter-sheet gap 123 is effectively closed; at the same time, the release film is prevented from being too thick. When using conditions consistent with conventional lamination processing, the pressure on the film during the lamination process is ensured to be equivalent to that when no release film is set, thereby being able to more accurately reflect the situation of the film penetrating into the inter-sheet gap 123.

[0070] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for evaluating the performance of a photovoltaic module. Figure 5 ,include:

[0071] Prepare a photovoltaic module test sample 100 as provided in the first embodiment; laminate the photovoltaic module test sample 100 to obtain a laminated sample; dissect the laminated sample to expose the glue overflow area inside the inter-sheet gap 123; measure the glue overflow area to obtain the amount of glue film penetration; and judge the performance of the photovoltaic module based on the amount of glue film penetration.

[0072] When judging the performance of photovoltaic modules based on the amount of film penetration, if the film penetration is high, the performance is relatively poor; if the film penetration is low, the performance is relatively good.

[0073] The performance evaluation method of photovoltaic modules provided in this application only requires preparing the test sample, then dissecting and measuring it after simulated lamination treatment, and then judging the performance of the photovoltaic module based on the amount of film penetration. There is no need for long-term reliability testing, which can effectively shorten the cycle and reduce costs.

[0074] It should be noted that, in the present application, the index of the film penetration amount is not limited, for example but not limited to the film volume, film area or size in at least one direction of the overflow area.

[0075] As an example, the film penetration amount is the maximum width of the glue overflow area in the second direction B.

[0076] In this design, the maximum width of the overflow area in the second direction B is convenient for testing and acquisition; moreover, it represents the maximum depth of the adhesive film penetrating from the opening into the inter-sheet gap 123, and can more accurately reflect the ability of the adhesive film to penetrate into the inter-sheet gap 123, thereby enabling a more accurate assessment of the impact of the adhesive film penetration on the performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0077] In the present application, there is no limitation on the method for measuring the glue overflow area, and the method can be selected according to the type of indicator of the glue film penetration amount.

[0078] As an example, in the operation of measuring the amount of film penetration, a microscope is used to observe the glue overflow area, and optionally, the magnification is ≥96 times.

[0079] In this design, a microscope facilitates observation, and selecting a magnification of 96x or greater ensures clear observation of the glue overflow area on the test surface 124, thereby ensuring more accurate evaluation results. The inventors have found that in some cases where the amount of glue overflow is small, selecting a magnification of less than 96x, such as 32x or 48x, often makes it difficult to observe the glue overflow area.

[0080] The inventors have found that when the first opening 1231 is closed, the adhesive film penetrates from the second opening 1232 and mainly adheres to the side surface of the second end 1221 of the battery cell facing the inter-cell gap 123; when the second opening 1232 is closed, the adhesive film penetrates from the first opening 1231 and mainly adheres to the side surface of the first end 1211 of the battery cell facing the inter-cell gap 123.

[0081] Based on the above findings, some exemplary embodiments are proposed, in which the laminated sample is dissected so that the surface to be tested 124 is exposed, and the glue overflow area is the glue area of ​​the surface to be tested 124 .

[0082] The heat-resistant isolating member 140 closes the first opening 1231, and the surface to be tested 124 is a side surface of the second end 1221 of the battery cell facing the inter-cell gap 123. Figure 6 To indicate; or Figure 4 As shown, the temperature-resistant insulating member 140 closes the second opening 1232, and the surface to be tested 124 is a side surface of the battery cell first end 1211 facing the inter-cell gap 123. Figure 7 To give a hint.

[0083] Since the adhesive film mainly adheres to the surface to be tested 124 when it penetrates the inter-sheet gap 123 , in this design, the amount of adhesive film penetration can be conveniently and accurately obtained by measuring the adhesive overflow area on the surface to be tested 124 .

[0084] The following are some exemplary explanations of the operation of dissecting a laminated sample.

[0085] In some exemplary embodiments, the photovoltaic module test sample 100 is Figure 3 The heat-resistant insulation member 140 closes the first opening 1231, and the operation of dissecting the laminated sample includes: peeling off the front adhesive film 130 and the heat-resistant insulation member 140, and then removing the first end 1211 of the battery cell, thereby obtaining Figure 6 in the case of providing a panel 160, before peeling the front adhesive film 130, it also includes peeling the panel 160.

[0086] In some exemplary embodiments, the photovoltaic module test sample 100 is Figure 4 The heat-resistant insulating member 140 closes the second opening 1232, and the operation of dissecting the laminated sample includes: peeling off the back film 110 and the heat-resistant insulating member 140, and then removing the second end 1221 of the battery cell, thereby obtaining the following Figure 7 in the case of a back plate 150, before peeling the back film 110, it also includes peeling the back plate 150.

[0087] In this design, after peeling off the heat-resistant isolation member 140 , the surface to be tested 124 is exposed by removing the end of the cell that blocks the surface to be tested 124 . This is simpler to operate than removing the entire cell that blocks the surface to be tested 124 .

[0088] It is understandable that in other embodiments, after peeling off the adhesive film, the entire battery cell that blocks the surface to be tested 124 may also be removed.

[0089] Considering that the laminated sample is a sample after lamination and heating treatment, the adhesive film has a good adhesion to the adjacent structure. It can be appropriately heated before peeling.

[0090] Based on the above considerations, as an example, before dissecting the laminated sample, the laminated sample is subjected to a heat treatment, and the heating temperature is 200±20°C, or 200±10°C, or 200±5°C, for example, 200°C.

[0091] In this design, heating can reduce the adhesive force of the film, making dissection easier. Controlling the appropriate heating temperature effectively reduces the adhesive force of the film while ensuring that the film that has penetrated the interlamellar gap 123 maintains its post-lamination state, ensuring more accurate evaluation results.

[0092] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and variations are possible for those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module test sample, characterized in that: It includes a back adhesive film, a battery string and a front adhesive film arranged in sequence along a first direction; The battery string includes a first battery cell and a second battery cell distributed side by side along a second direction; an end of the first battery cell close to the second battery cell is a first end of the battery cell, and an end of the second battery cell close to the first battery cell is a second end of the battery cell; In an orthographic projection along the first direction, the first end of the battery cell overlaps with the second end of the battery cell; There is an inter-cell gap between the first end of the battery cell and the second end of the battery cell; along the second direction, the opening of the inter-cell gap close to the edge of the first end of the battery cell is a first opening, and the opening of the inter-cell gap close to the edge of the second end of the battery cell is a second opening; The photovoltaic module test sample further includes a temperature-resistant insulation member, which closes the first opening and opens the second opening, or closes the second opening and opens the first opening, so as to evaluate the penetration of the adhesive film.

2. The photovoltaic module test sample according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat-resistant insulating member is a release film; The first battery cell includes a first battery cell body connected to the first end of the battery cell, and the second battery cell includes a second battery cell body connected to the second end of the battery cell; Along the first direction, a side surface of the first battery cell body close to the second battery cell is a first surface of the battery cell, and a side surface of the second battery cell body close to the first battery cell is a second surface of the battery cell; Wherein, the release film is provided on the second surface of the battery cell and closes the first opening; or, the release film is provided on the first surface of the battery cell and closes the second opening.

3. The photovoltaic module test sample according to claim 2, characterized in that: The release film covers the second surface of the battery cell and closes the first opening; or the release film covers the first surface of the battery cell and closes the second opening.

4. The photovoltaic module test sample according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The release film has a thickness of 10 to 100 μm.

5. A method for evaluating the performance of a photovoltaic module, characterized in that: include: Prepare a photovoltaic module test sample as described in any one of claims 1 to 4; performing a lamination process on the photovoltaic module test sample to obtain a laminated sample; dissecting the laminated sample to expose the glue overflow area inside the gap between the sheets; measuring the amount of adhesive film penetration in the adhesive overflow area; The performance of the photovoltaic module is judged according to the penetration amount of the adhesive film.

6. The photovoltaic module performance evaluation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In an operation of dissecting the laminated sample so that the surface to be tested is exposed, the glue overflow area is the glue area of ​​the surface to be tested; In which, the temperature-resistant isolation member closes the first opening, and the surface to be tested is the side surface of the second end of the battery cell facing the gap between the cells; or, the temperature-resistant isolation member closes the second opening, and the surface to be tested is the side surface of the first end of the battery cell facing the gap between the cells.

7. The photovoltaic module performance evaluation method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The glue film penetration amount is the maximum width of the glue overflow area in the second direction.

8. The photovoltaic module performance evaluation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the operation of measuring the amount of film penetration, the overflowing glue area is observed using a microscope with a magnification of ≥96 times.

9. The method for evaluating the performance of a photovoltaic module according to claim 6, wherein: The heat-resistant insulating member closes the first opening, and the operation of dissecting the laminated sample includes: peeling off the front adhesive film and the heat-resistant insulating member, and then removing the first end of the battery cell; Alternatively, the heat-resistant insulating member closes the second opening, and the operation of dissecting the laminated sample includes: peeling off the back adhesive film and the heat-resistant insulating member, and then removing the second end of the battery cell.

10. The photovoltaic module performance evaluation method according to claim 9, characterized in that: Before dissecting the laminated sample, the laminated sample is subjected to a heat treatment at a temperature of 200±20°C.

Images