Vertical-axis wind turbine blade fixing and nacelle transmission structure

Abstract

A new type of vertical-axis wind turbine blade structure and transmission technology refers to the blade fixing parts assembled at the solid position in the middle of the blade. The blade is assembled at the front end of the single horizontal arm of the wind wheel. In the front half of the horizontal arm of the wind wheel, there is a hydraulic cylinder to push and pull the opening and closing of two coaxial flow blocking plates at the upper and lower ends of the horizontal arm. Three such single horizontal arms of the wind wheel are assembled on the triangular hub at the center of the wind wheel by means of bolt connection to form an independent wind wheel system; the triangular hub of the wind wheel is assembled on the flange at the top of the bushing, and the flange at the lower end of the bushing is fixedly installed with the inner hole flange of the large gear ring. The wind wheel drives the large gear ring to rotate synchronously around the fixed vertical axis; 3 to 6 gear mounting brackets are assembled around the outer edge of the large gear ring on the bottom plate of the nacelle. A small nylon gear is assembled at the lower part of the through shaft of each gear mounting bracket and meshes with the large gear ring. A large steel gear is assembled at the upper part of the through shaft and meshes with a small nylon gear assembled on the generator shaft to realize multiple independent two-stage speed increasing systems.

Description

Technical Field:

[0001] This invention patent relates to the overall technology of wind turbines. The overall technology of wind power generation has two major fields, one is the horizontal axis wind turbine technology field, and the other is the vertical axis wind turbine technology field. The technology of the new vertical axis wind turbine set belongs to the technology field of large and medium-sized vertical axis wind power generation units; because the control problem of vertical axis wind power generation equipment has not been solved, the development of vertical axis wind power equipment has been restricted. Therefore, this field is a brand-new field, and the application of any technology used in other fields in this field belongs to a technological breakthrough. Background Art:

[0002] Currently, all the wind turbines used in the existing grid-connected wind power generation equipment in China are traditional three-blade horizontal axis wind turbines. There are approximately two typical technologies for existing vertical axis wind turbine sets. One is the Darrieus vertical axis wind turbine, and the other is the H-shaped vertical axis wind turbine. Both of these models have technical defects such as too long wind turbine shafts, poor stability of wind turbine wobbling, and difficult control in strong winds, that is, the power provided by the wind turbine is unstable and unreliable. Therefore, the vertical axis wind turbine set has not been developed. The new vertical axis wind turbine belongs to the H-type wind turbine set. This model adopts a single-arm structure and a technical solution of using a baffle to control and adjust the power output of the wind turbine set, effectively solving the technical problems of poor stability of the wind turbine of the vertical axis wind turbine and unreliable control. On this basis, a series of innovations have been carried out on the wind turbine of the vertical axis wind turbine, the fixing of the blades, and the transmission structure of the nacelle of the wind turbine. The practical technologies of other industries are applied to this field of vertical axis wind turbine sets, laying a foundation for the vertical axis wind turbine to enter the wind power industry market. Summary of the Invention:

[0003] The purpose of this invention patent is to provide an independent wind turbine system and multiple independent power transmission systems for a new vertical axis wind turbine set to meet the stability and reliability of the wind turbine set for power generation under all wind speeds. The blades of the new vertical axis wind turbine adopt a symmetric airfoil or an asymmetric airfoil design. At a position extending 0.6 m - 1 m from the middle part in the span direction of the blade towards both sides in the span direction, the inside of this section of the blade is processed into a solid. At the middle position of the solid part, at the highest point in the chord length direction, two bolt through holes are reserved at a position extending towards both sides of the chord length, with a distance of 0.2 m - 0.6 m between the two points, for use when assembling the fixing parts between the blade and the wind turbine cross arm. The wind turbine of the new vertical axis wind turbine adopts a single cross-arm structure. The blades are vertically assembled and parallel to the trapezoidal vertical axis of the wind turbine set; the hub in the middle of the wind turbine is designed as a triangle, that is, three wind turbine cross arms are assembled on three planes with an angle difference of 120 degrees from each other; the triangular hub of the wind turbine is exactly at the center point position of the cylinder formed by the rotation of the wind turbine. The baffle opening and closing system is equipped with a coaxial baffle on the upper and lower sides of the front end of the wind wheel cross arm. It is powered by a hydraulic cylinder with a thrust of 3 to 10 tons and a stroke of 800 mm to 1500 mm. The hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the hydraulic cylinder bracket, and the hydraulic cylinder bracket is fixed on the wind wheel cross arm. The hydraulic cylinder pushes the push plate with a directional slideway, and the push plate moves back and forth within the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder along the directional slideway. Two linkage rods are movably connected to the upper and lower parts of the push plate respectively, and the linkage rods are movably connected to the two ear rings of the upper and lower baffles of the wind wheel cross arm respectively to achieve the purpose of opening and closing the baffles. The triangular hub of the wind wheel is fixedly assembled on the flange on the upper part of the wind wheel shaft sleeve. The wind wheel shaft sleeve is assembled on the trapezoidal vertical shaft fixed on the bottom plate of the nacelle. A large gear ring is assembled on the protruding flange at the lower end of the wind wheel shaft sleeve, and this gear ring rotates synchronously with the wind turbine shaft sleeve, forming an independent wind wheel power system integrating the wind wheel, the wind wheel shaft sleeve, and the large gear ring. The wind wheel drives the wind turbine shaft sleeve to drive the large gear ring to rotate synchronously around the fixedly installed wind wheel vertical shaft. The vertical shaft of the wind turbine is designed as a trapezoidal vertical shaft structure with a length of 1 meter to 2 meters. The vertical shaft of the wind turbine is fixedly installed on the bottom plate of the nacelle, and the nacelle is fixed on the top of the tower barrel, ensuring stable operation of the wind wheel.

[0004] The bottom plate of the nacelle is fixedly assembled on the nacelle base, and the nacelle base is fixed on the flange at the top of the tower barrel or tower frame. On the bottom plate of the nacelle, that is, at the outer edge position of the gear ring, the installation and positioning position of the gear mounting bracket is machined by machining to fixedly assemble the gear mounting bracket. The gear mounting bracket is completed by welding or casting. Two bearing seats are machined on the gear mounting bracket, and a through shaft is assembled on the two bearing seats. A large steel gear is assembled at the upper end of the through shaft, and a generator is vertically assembled on the top flange of the gear mounting bracket. A small nylon gear is assembled on the generator shaft, and the small nylon gear meshes with the large steel gear above the through shaft of the gear mounting bracket. A small nylon gear is assembled at the lower end of the through shaft of the gear mounting bracket, and this small nylon gear meshes with the large gear ring driven by the wind wheel shaft sleeve. The gear mounting bracket is fixedly assembled on the position of the gear mounting bracket with positioning reserved on the bottom plate of the nacelle through the connecting flange at the bottom, completing the power transmission system of the vertical shaft wind power generator set and achieving two-stage speed increase. The gear mounting bracket can be positioned 5 cm outward around the outer circle of the large gear ring. 3 to 6 gear mounting brackets are assembled on the same pitch circle centered on the wind wheel vertical shaft, so that the gears on each gear mounting bracket bear 1 / 3 to 1 / 6 of the wind wheel torque, creating conditions for the following nylon gear scheme. The nacelle of the wind turbine adopts two-stage speed increase. The low-speed wheels in each stage, that is, the large gear ring and the large gear, adopt steel gears; the high-speed wheels, that is, the small gears, adopt nylon gears. Steel gears have good heat dissipation and can take away heat in time to achieve the purpose of timely heat dissipation; the meshing of steel gears and nylon gears highlights the characteristics of low noise, impact resistance, and self-lubrication of nylon gears.

[0005] Implementation method:

[0006] The blades of the new vertical-axis wind turbine adopt symmetric airfoil or asymmetric airfoil design. In the middle part of the blade in the span direction, it extends towards both sides in the span direction, with a total length of 0.6m - 1m. The inside of this section of the blade is made solid; at the solid position, which is the center position in the span direction, at the highest point in the chord length direction, it extends towards both sides in the chord length direction, and two bolt through-holes are reserved at a position with a distance of 0.2m or 0.8m between the two points. Blade fixing parts are assembled at the solid part in the middle of the blade and the position of the reserved bolt through-holes, and the blade fixing parts are fixedly assembled and connected with the single horizontal arm of the wind wheel.

[0007] The baffle opening and closing system is a transmission component that controls the opening and closing of the upper and lower two baffles coaxial with the front end of the single horizontal arm; it is powered by a hydraulic cylinder with a thrust of 3 tons - 10 tons and a stroke of 800mm - 1500mm. The hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the hydraulic cylinder bracket, and the hydraulic cylinder bracket is fixed on the wind wheel cross arm. The hydraulic cylinder pushes a push plate with a directional slideway, and the push plate moves back and forth within the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder along the directional slideway; two linkage rods are movably connected to the upper and lower parts of the push plate respectively, and the linkage rods are movably connected to the two ear rings of the baffle on the upper part of the wind wheel cross arm and the baffle on the lower part of the wind wheel cross arm respectively to achieve the purpose of opening and closing the baffle.

[0008] The wind wheel adopts a single horizontal arm structure. The solid part in the middle of the blade span is fixed and assembled with blade fixing parts by bolting, and then the blade fixing parts are assembled at the front end of the single horizontal arm of the wind wheel; three such single horizontal arms of the wind wheel are respectively fixed and assembled on the three planes of the triangular hub in the middle of the wind wheel by bolting through the docking flange at the root of the single horizontal arm, and are assembled on the flange on the upper part of the wind wheel shaft sleeve through the connecting flange at the bottom of the triangular hub. The connecting flange at the lower end of the wind wheel shaft sleeve is fixedly installed with the inner hole flange of a large gear ring with a diameter of 2m - 4m; an independent and controllable wind wheel power system integrating the wind wheel, the wind wheel shaft sleeve, and the large gear ring is formed. A deep groove ball bearing is assembled at the upper end of the inner hole of the wind wheel shaft sleeve, and a thrust bearing is assembled at the lower end of the inner hole of the wind wheel shaft sleeve. The wind wheel shaft sleeve is assembled on the trapezoidal vertical shaft fixedly installed on the cabin floor through the two bearings, and the length of the trapezoidal vertical shaft is 1m - 2m.

[0009] The overall weight of the wind wheel is mainly pressed on the thrust bearing, and the thrust bearing is pressed on the trapezoidal vertical shaft of the wind turbine; the bottom of the trapezoidal vertical shaft of the wind turbine is a connecting flange fixedly assembled with the reserved flange on the nacelle bottom plate. The nacelle bottom plate is welded to the nacelle base, and the connecting flange on the nacelle base is fixedly assembled with the flange at the top of the tower barrel or tower. It realizes that the wind wheel drives the wind wheel sleeve and the large gear ring to rotate synchronously around the trapezoidal vertical shaft of the wind turbine. It realizes the weight distribution that the wind wheel presses on the wind turbine sleeve, the sleeve presses on the thrust bearing, the thrust bearing presses on the trapezoidal vertical shaft of the wind turbine, and the trapezoidal vertical shaft presses on the central point at the top of the tower barrel or tower through the nacelle base.

[0010] The outer diameter of the nacelle bottom plate is 4m - 8m. On the nacelle bottom plate, that is, at a position 5 cm outward from the outer edge of the large gear ring driven around the wind wheel sleeve, on the same pitch circle, 3 - 6 gear mounting brackets are positioned and assembled. The gears on each gear mounting bracket bear 1 / 3 - 1 / 6 of the wind wheel torque; the positioning method is to use a large gantry machining center to mechanically machine the pitch circle centered on the trapezoidal vertical shaft of the wind turbine, and at positions with an angular difference of 120 degrees - 60 degrees, machine the installation positioning of the gear mounting brackets to ensure the consistency of the tangents and normals of the installation positions of each gear mounting bracket relative to the wind wheel axis. Then, the gear mounting brackets are fixedly installed on the bottom plate around the large gear ring in the nacelle by bolting. Two bearing seats, upper and lower, are designed on each gear mounting bracket, and the distance between the two bearing seats is 0.3m - 0.6m. A through shaft is assembled on the two bearing seats. A small nylon gear is assembled at the lower end of the through shaft of the gear mounting bracket to ensure meshing with the large gear ring driven by the wind wheel sleeve; a large steel gear is assembled at the upper end of the through shaft of the gear mounting bracket to ensure meshing with the small nylon gear on the generator shaft vertically assembled on the top flange of the gear mounting bracket, realizing the purpose of driving the generator to rotate through two - stage speed increase of the wind wheel. The nacelle is assembled at the top of the tower barrel or tower, the trapezoidal vertical shaft of the wind turbine is at the central position at the top of the tower barrel or tower, and the generators are evenly distributed around the large gear ring in the nacelle, making the overall force of the wind turbine balanced, the nacelle stable without vibration and tremor, and effectively ensuring the meshing accuracy of the gears.

[0011] The nacelle of the wind turbine adopts two - stage speed increase. For each stage, the low - speed gears, that is, the large gear ring and the large gear, are made of 45# steel or cast iron, and the high - speed gears, that is, the small gears, are made of nylon. The steel gears have good heat dissipation and can take away heat in time to achieve the purpose of timely heat dissipation. The meshing of the steel gear and the nylon gear highlights the characteristics of the nylon gear being impact - resistant and self - lubricating. Description of the Drawings:

[0012] Figure 1 are the wind wheel assembly drawings of the new vertical - shaft wind turbine; (1) blade, (2) blade fixing part, (3) wind wheel cross arm, (4) wind wheel triangular hub, (5) upper and lower two flow - blocking plates.

[0013] Figure 2 is a component diagram of the trapezoidal vertical shaft of the wind turbine fixedly installed on the nacelle floor; (6) trapezoidal vertical shaft, (7) nacelle floor plate.

[0014] Figure 3 is a component diagram of the bushing of the trapezoidal vertical shaft of the wind turbine assembled on the trapezoidal vertical shaft; (8) trapezoidal vertical shaft bushing, upper flange assembled with the wind turbine hub, lower flange assembled with the large gear ring.

[0015] Figure 4 is an assembly diagram of the triangular hub of the wind turbine, trapezoidal vertical shaft bushing, large gear ring, trapezoidal vertical shaft, and nacelle floor; (9) large gear ring.

[0016] Figure 5 is an assembly diagram of the gear mounting bracket components; (10) gear mounting bracket, (11) through shaft on the gear mounting bracket, (12) small nylon gear at the lower part of the through shaft, (13) large steel gear at the upper part of the through shaft.

[0017] Figure 6 is an assembly diagram of the gear mounting bracket; (14) vertically assembled generator, (15) small nylon gear assembled on the generator shaft.

[0018] Figure 7 is an assembly diagram inside the nacelle.

[0019] Figure 8 is a component diagram of the baffle opening and closing system; (16) hydraulic cylinder, (17) bracket for assembling the hydraulic cylinder, (18) push plate, (19) linkage rod movably connected to the upper part of the push plate, (20) left and right directional slideway guide shoes on the push plate, (21) linkage rod movably connected to the lower part of the push plate, (22) movable connection earring on the upper and lower two baffles.

[0020] Figure 9 is an assembly diagram of the baffle opening and closing system, baffle, wind turbine cross arm, blade fixing parts, etc. Specific implementation method:

[0021] (1) The blade is assembled on (2) the blade fixing part, (2) the blade fixing part is assembled on (3) the wind turbine cross arm, (3) the wind turbine cross arm is assembled on (4) the wind turbine triangular hub, (16) the hydraulic cylinder is movably assembled on (17) the hydraulic cylinder bracket, (17) the hydraulic cylinder bracket is fixed on (3) the wind turbine cross arm, the telescopic rod of (16) the hydraulic cylinder is movably linked to (18) the push plate, (18) the push plate is movably connected to (19) and (21) the linkage rods, (19) and (21) the linkage rods are movably connected to the baffle earring, and the (20) sliding guide shoes on both sides of (18) the push plate move back and forth along the positioning slideway on the wind turbine cross arm, forming an independent baffle opening and closing system and constituting an independent and controllable wind turbine power system.

[0022] (6) The trapezoidal vertical shaft of the wind turbine is fixedly assembled on the (7) bottom plate of the wind turbine nacelle. The (8) wind wheel shaft sleeve is assembled on the (6) trapezoidal vertical shaft through a thrust bearing assembled at the lower end of the inner opening of the shaft sleeve and a deep groove ball bearing (roller bearing) assembled at the upper end of the inner opening. The (4) wind wheel triangular hub is assembled on the upper flange of the (8) wind wheel shaft sleeve. The (9) large gear ring is assembled on the lower flange of the (8) wind wheel shaft sleeve, forming an independent wind wheel power transmission system. The (11) through shaft is assembled on the (10) gear mounting bracket. The (13) large steel gear is assembled at the upper end of the (11) through shaft, and the (12) small nylon gear is assembled at the lower end of the (11) through shaft. The (14) AC permanent magnet generator is vertically assembled on the flange at the top of the (10) gear mounting bracket. The (15) small nylon gear is assembled on the (14) generator shaft. The (15) small nylon gear meshes with the (13) large steel gear, forming an independent generator speed increasing system. The (10) gear mounting bracket surrounds the outer edge of the (9) large gear ring and is fixedly assembled at the reserved installation position of the gear mounting bracket on the (7) nacelle bottom plate at positions with an angle difference of 120 degrees - 60 degrees from each other, forming multiple independent generator speed increasing systems.

Claims

1. A vertical-axis wind turbine generator, comprising a wind wheel with a single cross-arm structure and a power transmission system; The wind wheel with a single cross-arm structure includes a blade fixing member assembled at the solid position in the middle of the blade extension direction, and is assembled at the front end of the single cross-arm of the wind wheel by means of bolt connection. Two bolt holes are reserved in the solid part in the middle of the blade extension. In the front half of the single cross-arm of the wind wheel, a hydraulic cylinder is used to push and pull two coaxial flow-blocking plates at the upper and lower ends of the single cross-arm to open and close. The three single cross-arms of the wind wheel are assembled on the triangular hub at the center position of the wind wheel by means of bolt connection through the docking flange at the root of the single cross-arm. The triangular hub is fixed on the wind wheel shaft sleeve. The vertical axis of the wind turbine generator is designed as a trapezoidal vertical axis structure, which is a fixed shaft fixed on the bottom plate of the nacelle, with a length of 1.2 meters - 2 meters. The shaft sleeve is assembled on the trapezoidal vertical axis. The vertically assembled blades are parallel to the trapezoidal vertical axis of the wind wheel, forming an independent wind wheel system; The power transmission system includes: Around the outer edge of the large gear ring on the bottom plate of the nacelle, 3 - 6 gear mounting brackets are positioned and assembled at a position 5 cm outward. A large steel gear is assembled on the upper part of the through-shaft of each gear mounting bracket, and a small nylon gear is assembled on the lower part of the through-shaft. A generator is vertically assembled on the top flange of the gear mounting bracket. A small nylon gear is assembled on the generator shaft. The small nylon gear assembled on the generator shaft meshes with the large steel gear above the through-shaft of the gear mounting bracket, and the small nylon gear assembled below the through-shaft of the gear mounting bracket meshes with the large gear ring, achieving the purpose of driving the generator by the wind wheel through two-stage speed increase; it is realized that the low-speed gear for two-stage speed increase is a steel gear and the high-speed gear is a nylon gear for meshing. The independently operating wind wheel drives the large gear ring to rotate synchronously, and the large gear ring drives multiple small nylon gears to form an independent two-stage speed increase system to drive multiple generators to operate and generate electricity.

2. The vertical-axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that In the middle position of the blade extension direction, a small section of 0.8 m - 1.6 m is processed into a solid and two bolt through-holes are reserved in the chord length direction at the center position of the extension. A blade fixing member is assembled on this section of the solid part of the blade; the glass fiber layup gradually decreases from the edge of the solid part of the blade to both ends in the blade extension direction, and the shell plate of the blade gradually thins. Under the condition that the overall weight of the blade remains unchanged and the external airfoil remains unchanged, the anti-deformation ability of the blade is enhanced.

3. The vertical-axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that The triangular hub is exactly at the center point position of the cylinder formed by the rotation of the wind wheel.

4. The vertical-axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that For the shaft sleeve of the wind turbine generator, the upper flange of the shaft sleeve fixes the triangular hub of the wind wheel, and the lower flange fixes the large gear ring inside the nacelle. The wind wheel directly drives the large gear ring to rotate.

5. The vertical-axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that Power is provided by a hydraulic cylinder. The telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder is movably connected with a push plate. The upper and lower linkage rods of the push plate are respectively movably connected with the earrings of the upper and lower flow-blocking plates. The push plate moves back and forth along the directional slideway on the wind wheel cross-arm within the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder to complete the opening and closing of the flow-blocking plates.

6. The vertical-axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that The total weight of the wind wheel and the dynamic load of the wind wheel act on the center position at the top of the tower barrel of the wind turbine generator, and the overall weight distribution of the wind turbine generator is balanced and the force is balanced.

7. The vertical-axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that The trapezoidal vertical axis of the wind turbine generator presses on the center position at the top of the tower barrel, ensuring the meshing accuracy of the gears in the power transmission system.

Images