Bionic high impact resistant polycrystalline diamond composite sheet

Abstract

The invention discloses a bionic high-impact-resistant polycrystalline diamond composite sheet. Drawing on the structure of the appendages of a mantis shrimp, polycrystalline diamond, cemented carbide and alloy steel are sequentially distributed on the working surface of the composite sheet along the radial direction from outside to inside, or / and along the axial direction from top to bottom. The hardness of the polycrystalline diamond, cemented carbide and alloy steel decreases in sequence, and the deformation capacity increases in sequence, forming an energy-absorbing and vibration-reducing structure. During the rock breaking process, when the composite sheet is impacted, the stress wave generated by the impact is reflected and refracted at the material interface position, which can effectively weaken and offset the stress wave. Compared with polycrystalline diamond, cemented carbide and alloy steel are more likely to deform under the action of impact, which can effectively absorb the impact energy, protect the polycrystalline diamond, avoid impact damage to the composite sheet, improve the impact resistance of the composite sheet, extend the service life of the composite sheet, greatly improve the overall working performance of the drill bit, and achieve drilling speed and efficiency improvement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas exploration drilling tools, and in particular to a bionic high-impact polycrystalline diamond composite sheet imitating a mantis shrimp appendage structure. Background Art

[0002] When drilling in hard formations, the polycrystalline diamond drill bit is subject to high impact load, which makes the polycrystalline diamond composite sheet very easy to be damaged, resulting in a short drill bit life and low drilling efficiency. In order to improve the impact resistance of polycrystalline diamond composite sheets, researchers have made a lot of optimization and improvements to the structure of the composite sheet, such as changing the working surface of the composite sheet and increasing the thickness of the polycrystalline diamond layer, but the field application effect is still not ideal.

[0003] In nature, mantis shrimp is a marine crustacean with a hammer-like appendage structure that can be used to strike prey at high speed. In order to withstand the impact force of up to 10,000G acceleration, mantis shrimp has evolved a special appendage structure: the outermost layer is highly crystallized hydroxyapatite, the lower layer is non-crystallized multi-layer hydroxyapatite, and the innermost layer is chitin. This hard and soft structure has extremely high impact resistance.

[0004] Inspired by this, it is urgently necessary to carry out bionic research on the structure of the mantis shrimp's appendages and design a bionic high-impact resistant polycrystalline diamond composite sheet, which has good impact resistance during the rock breaking process and can greatly improve the working life of the composite sheet in hard formations. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: to provide a bionic high-impact resistant polycrystalline diamond composite sheet, which can greatly improve the impact resistance of the composite sheet during the rock breaking process, extend the working life of the composite sheet, and improve the drilling efficiency of the hard rock formation drill bit.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: a bionic high impact resistant polycrystalline diamond composite sheet, the bionic high impact resistant polycrystalline diamond composite sheet is columnar, and on the working surface of the bionic high impact resistant polycrystalline diamond composite sheet, polycrystalline diamond, cemented carbide, and alloy steel are distributed in sequence along the radial direction from the outside to the inside, or / and along the axial direction from top to bottom, the hardness of the polycrystalline diamond, the cemented carbide, and the alloy steel decreases in sequence, and the deformation ability of the polycrystalline diamond, the cemented carbide, and the alloy steel increases in sequence.

[0007] The following are several further optimized designs of the bionic high impact resistant polycrystalline diamond composite sheet of the present invention:

[0008] Wherein, the bionic high impact resistant polycrystalline diamond composite sheet comprises:

[0009] A cemented carbide substrate, wherein the cemented carbide substrate is a columnar body, a circumferential annular groove is disposed on the side of the cemented carbide substrate, a circumferential boss is disposed above the circumferential annular groove, an annular step is formed between the circumferential boss and the top surface of the cemented carbide substrate, and a center hole extending in the axial direction is disposed on the top surface of the cemented carbide substrate;

[0010] A steel outer ring, the steel outer ring being arranged in the circumferential ring groove;

[0011] A steel inner core, wherein the steel inner core is disposed in the central hole;

[0012] A polycrystalline diamond ring is compounded on the annular step.

[0013] Wherein, the side surfaces of the steel outer ring, the circumferential boss and the polycrystalline diamond ring are flush.

[0014] Wherein, the top surfaces of the polycrystalline diamond ring, the cemented carbide substrate and the steel inner core are flush.

[0015] Wherein, the steel outer ring comprises two buckled steel half rings.

[0016] Wherein, the steel outer ring is interference-fitted in the circumferential ring groove.

[0017] Wherein, the steel inner core is interference fitted in the center hole.

[0018] Among them, on the top surface, along the radial direction, the outer diameter of the steel inner core is defined as d1, the outer diameter of the top surface of the cemented carbide substrate is d2, and the outer diameter of the polycrystalline diamond ring is d3, d1:d2:d3=1:2:3.

[0019] Among them, on the side, along the axial direction, the thickness of the polycrystalline diamond ring is defined as h1, the thickness of the circumferential boss is defined as h2, and the thickness of the steel outer ring is defined as h3, and h1:h2:h3=1:1:1.

[0020] The thickness of the steel inner core is defined as H, where H=h1+h2+h3.

[0021] After adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has at least achieved the following beneficial effects:

[0022] Since the bionic high impact-resistant polycrystalline diamond composite sheet of the present invention draws on the structure of the mantis shrimp's appendages, on the working surface of the composite sheet, three different materials, polycrystalline diamond, cemented carbide, and alloy steel, are distributed in sequence along the radial direction from the outside to the inside, or / and along the axial direction from the top to the bottom, the hardness of polycrystalline diamond, cemented carbide, and alloy steel decreases in sequence, and the deformation capacity of polycrystalline diamond, cemented carbide, and alloy steel increases in sequence, forming an energy-absorbing and vibration-reducing structure; during the rock breaking process, when the composite sheet is subjected to radial or / and axial impact, on the one hand, the stress wave generated by the impact is reflected and refracted at the material interface, which can effectively weaken and offset the stress wave; at the same time, on the other hand, compared with polycrystalline diamond, cemented carbide and alloy steel are more likely to deform under the action of impact, which can effectively absorb impact energy, protect polycrystalline diamond, avoid impact damage to the composite sheet, improve the impact resistance of the composite sheet, extend the service life of the composite sheet, and thus greatly improve the overall working performance of the drill bit, achieving drilling speed increase and efficiency improvement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of a bionic high impact resistant polycrystalline diamond composite sheet according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-section structure of the middle composite sheet;

[0025] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the top surface structure of the middle composite sheet;

[0026] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of medium cemented carbide substrate;

[0027] In the figure: 1, cemented carbide substrate; 11, circumferential annular groove; 12, circumferential boss; 13, annular step; 14, center hole; 2, polycrystalline diamond ring; 3, steel inner core; 4, steel half ring; d1, outer diameter of steel inner core; d2, outer diameter of top surface of cemented carbide substrate; d3, outer diameter of polycrystalline diamond ring; h1, thickness of polycrystalline diamond ring; h2, thickness of circumferential boss; h3, thickness of steel outer ring; H, thickness of steel inner core. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The essence of the technical concept of the bionic high-impact polycrystalline diamond composite sheet of the present invention is that, drawing on the structure of the mantis shrimp's appendages, three different materials, polycrystalline diamond, cemented carbide, and alloy steel, are distributed in sequence on the working surface of the columnar composite sheet along the radial direction from the outside to the inside, or / and along the axial direction from the top to the bottom, the hardness of the polycrystalline diamond, cemented carbide, and alloy steel decreases in sequence, and the deformation capacity of the polycrystalline diamond, cemented carbide, and alloy steel increases in sequence, forming an energy-absorbing and vibration-reducing structure; in the rock breaking process, the polycrystalline diamond is protected, the composite sheet is prevented from being damaged by impact, and the impact resistance of the composite sheet is improved.

[0029] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0030] Embodiment 1

[0031] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown together, the bionic high impact resistant polycrystalline diamond composite sheet of the first embodiment of the present invention comprises: a cemented carbide substrate 1, a polycrystalline diamond ring 2, a steel inner core 3 and a steel outer ring which are combined together.

[0032] like Figure 4 As shown, the cemented carbide substrate 1 is a columnar body, specifically a cylindrical body, a circumferential annular groove 11 is provided on the side of the cemented carbide substrate 1, a circumferential boss 12 is provided above the circumferential annular groove 11, an annular step 13 is formed between the upper surface of the circumferential boss 12 and the top surface of the cemented carbide substrate 1, and a center hole 14 extending axially is provided in the middle of the top surface of the cemented carbide substrate 1.

[0033] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the steel inner core 3 is arranged in the center hole 14, and preferably the steel inner core 3 is installed in the center hole 14 by interference fit; the polycrystalline diamond ring 2 is compounded on the annular step 13 by a method known in the art; the steel outer ring is arranged in the circumferential ring groove 11, and preferably the steel outer ring is installed in the circumferential ring groove 11 by interference fit. For the convenience of installation, the steel outer ring is optimized to be a component structure, specifically including two buckled steel half rings 4. Moreover, the further optimized design is that the side surfaces of the steel half ring 4, the circumferential boss 12, and the polycrystalline diamond ring 2 are flush; the top surfaces of the polycrystalline diamond ring 2, the cemented carbide substrate 1, and the steel inner core 3 are flush.

[0034] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, on the top surface of the composite sheet, along the radial direction, the outer diameter of the steel inner core 3 is defined as d1, the outer diameter of the top surface of the cemented carbide substrate 1 is d2, and the outer diameter of the polycrystalline diamond ring 2 is d3. The optimal design is d1:d2:d3=1:2:3. On the side of the composite sheet, along the axial direction, the thickness of the polycrystalline diamond ring 2 is defined as h1, the thickness of the circumferential boss 12 of the cemented carbide substrate 1 is h2, the thickness of the steel half ring 4 is h3, and the thickness of the steel inner core 3 is H. The optimal design is h1:h2:h3=1:1:1, H=h1+h2+h3.

[0035] Since the bionic high impact-resistant polycrystalline diamond composite sheet of the embodiment of the present invention draws on the structure of the mantis shrimp's appendages, on the working surface of the composite sheet, three different materials, polycrystalline diamond, cemented carbide, and alloy steel, are distributed in sequence along the radial direction from the outside to the inside and along the axial direction from the top to the bottom. The hardness of polycrystalline diamond, cemented carbide, and alloy steel decreases in sequence, and the deformation capacity increases in sequence, thereby forming an energy-absorbing and vibration-reducing structure; during the rock breaking process, when the composite sheet is subjected to radial and axial impacts, on the one hand, the stress wave generated by the impact is reflected and refracted at the material interface, which can effectively weaken and offset the stress wave; at the same time, on the other hand, compared with polycrystalline diamond, cemented carbide and alloy steel are more likely to deform under impact, which can effectively absorb impact energy, protect polycrystalline diamond, avoid impact damage to the composite sheet, improve the impact resistance of the composite sheet, extend the service life of the composite sheet, and thus greatly improve the overall working performance of the drill bit, achieving drilling speed and efficiency improvement.

[0036] Obviously, the technical concept of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. In the radial and axial directions of the working surface of the composite sheet, from outside to inside and from top to bottom, three different materials, namely, polycrystalline diamond, cemented carbide, and alloy steel, are distributed in sequence. Based on the technical concept of the present invention, the following embodiments can also be obtained:

[0037] Embodiment 2

[0038] Compared with the first embodiment, in the second embodiment, only three different materials, namely, polycrystalline diamond, cemented carbide, and alloy steel, are distributed in sequence from the outside to the inside in the radial direction of the working surface of the composite sheet, and no steel outer ring is provided.

[0039] Embodiment 3

[0040] Compared with the first embodiment, in the third embodiment, only three different materials, namely, polycrystalline diamond, cemented carbide, and alloy steel, are distributed in sequence from top to bottom in the axial direction of the working surface of the composite sheet, and no steel inner core is provided.

[0041] Compared with the first embodiment, the structures of the second and third embodiments are relatively simple, and the energy absorption and vibration reduction effects are slightly weaker than those of the first embodiment. Objectively, they can also weaken and offset stress waves, absorb impact energy, and protect polycrystalline diamond. As for the specific structures of the second and third embodiments, those skilled in the art can design them specifically according to the technical concepts of the second and third embodiments, and they will not be illustrated or described in detail here.

[0042] The above description is an example of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the parts not described in detail are all known technologies in the art. The protection scope of the present invention is based on the content of the claims, and any equivalent transformation based on the technical inspiration of the present invention is within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bionic high impact resistant polycrystalline diamond composite sheet, wherein the bionic high impact resistant polycrystalline diamond composite sheet is columnar, characterized in that: On the working surface of the bionic high impact resistant polycrystalline diamond composite sheet, polycrystalline diamond, cemented carbide, and alloy steel are sequentially distributed along the radial direction from outside to inside, or / and along the axial direction from top to bottom, the hardness of the polycrystalline diamond, the cemented carbide, and the alloy steel decreases in sequence, and the deformation capacity of the polycrystalline diamond, the cemented carbide, and the alloy steel increases in sequence; The bionic high impact resistant polycrystalline diamond composite sheet comprises: A cemented carbide substrate, wherein the cemented carbide substrate is a columnar body, a circumferential annular groove is disposed on the side of the cemented carbide substrate, a circumferential boss is disposed above the circumferential annular groove, an annular step is formed between the circumferential boss and the top surface of the cemented carbide substrate, and a center hole extending in the axial direction is disposed on the top surface of the cemented carbide substrate; A steel outer ring, wherein the steel outer ring is arranged in the circumferential ring groove; A steel inner core, wherein the steel inner core is disposed in the central hole; A polycrystalline diamond ring is compounded on the annular step.

2. The bionic high impact resistant polycrystalline diamond composite sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sides of the steel outer ring, the circumferential boss and the polycrystalline diamond ring are flush.

3. The bionic high impact resistant polycrystalline diamond composite sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surfaces of the polycrystalline diamond ring, the cemented carbide substrate, and the steel inner core are flush.

4. The bionic high impact resistant polycrystalline diamond composite sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel outer ring comprises two buckled steel half rings.

5. The bionic high impact resistant polycrystalline diamond composite sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel outer ring is interference fitted in the circumferential ring groove.

6. The bionic high impact resistant polycrystalline diamond composite sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel inner core is interference fitted in the center hole.

7. The bionic high impact resistant polycrystalline diamond composite sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that: On the top surface, along the radial direction, the outer diameter of the steel inner core is defined as d1, the outer diameter of the top surface of the cemented carbide substrate is defined as d2, and the outer diameter of the polycrystalline diamond ring is defined as d3, d1:d2:d3=1:2:

3.

8. The bionic high impact resistant polycrystalline diamond composite sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that: On the side, along the axial direction, the thickness of the polycrystalline diamond ring is defined as h1, the thickness of the circumferential boss is defined as h2, and the thickness of the steel outer ring is defined as h3, and h1:h2:h3=1:1:

1.

9. The bionic high impact resistant polycrystalline diamond composite sheet according to claim 8, characterized in that: The thickness of the steel inner core is defined as H, where H=h1+h2+h3.

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