A horizontal axis tidal current energy turbine with bionic falcon wing-shaped blades, a power generation device and a control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a horizontal axis tidal current energy turbine with bionic falcon wing blades, a power generation device and a control method. The turbine includes a housing, a rotating shaft and a plurality of blades; the blade is a bionic falcon wing, the edges on both sides in the width direction are arc-shaped, the top streamline in the thickness direction is arc-shaped, and the bottom is a plane; along its length direction, the blade width changes from narrow to wide and then to narrow, and the blade thickness changes from thin to thick and then to thin; the tip end of the blade is folded to form a winglet, and the length of the winglet is 5-10% of the overall length of the blade. The blade of the horizontal axis tidal current energy turbine refers to the falcon wing, and the top streamline in the thickness direction of the blade is a bionic falcon wing streamline, thereby improving the energy acquisition efficiency of the device, and the edge on one side of the blade is serrated to reduce the operating noise. By arranging a motor on the horizontal axis tidal current energy turbine, the deflection angle of the blade is adjusted according to the flow velocity and direction of the tidal current to reduce the resistance, so that the turbine improves the energy acquisition efficiency, and at the same time can reduce the impact of the force on the entire hydropower unit and improve the service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of water turbines, and in particular relates to a horizontal-axis tidal current energy water turbine with bionic falcon wing-shaped blades, a power generation device and a control method. Background Art

[0002] As a renewable marine energy, tidal energy has the advantages of large theoretical reserves, reliability, periodicity, sustainability, and wide distribution. The turbine is an important device for generating electricity using tidal energy. The blade is the core component of the turbine, and the airfoil is the basis of the blade. Therefore, the choice of blade airfoil will directly affect the energy efficiency of the turbine.

[0003] Horizontal axis tidal energy turbines started relatively late, so there is little research on horizontal axis tidal energy turbine blades. However, because the properties of tidal energy are similar to those of wind energy, most people draw on the design methods of mature wind turbines. However, the working media of wind turbines and tidal energy turbines are quite different in terms of physical properties such as viscosity, flow rate, and density, resulting in low energy efficiency of existing tidal energy turbines made by imitating wind turbines; and tidal energy turbines made by imitating wind turbines make a lot of noise during operation. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a horizontal axis tidal energy turbine with bionic falcon wing blades, a power generation device and a control method, which solve the technical problems in the prior art that the tidal energy turbine made by imitating wind turbines has low energy acquisition efficiency and produces high noise during operation.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following solutions:

[0006] A horizontal axis tidal energy turbine with bionic falcon wing blades comprises a shell, a rotating shaft and a plurality of blades; the rotating shaft is rotatably arranged in the shell through a bearing, one end of the rotating shaft extends out of the shell and is fixedly connected to a connecting piece, and the plurality of blades are arranged on the connecting piece.

[0007] The blade is a bionic falcon wing shape, with arc-shaped edges on both sides in the width direction, an arc-shaped top streamline in the thickness direction, and a flat bottom; along its length direction, the width of the blade changes from narrow to wide and then to narrow, and the thickness of the blade changes from thin to thick and then to thin; the tip of the blade is folded to form a small wing, and the length of the small wing is 5-10% of the overall length of the blade.

[0008] In the present invention, the blades of the horizontal axis tidal energy turbine are made of composite materials with reference to the falcon airfoil. The top streamline in the thickness direction of the blade is a bionic eagle wing streamline, which can delay the stall range, resolve turbulence and reduce the resistance of the turbine, thereby improving the energy acquisition efficiency of the device; at the same time, it can effectively resolve the impact force of the water flow, alleviate stress concentration, and save plying materials. The tip of the blade is provided with a flipped diamond winglet, which can stabilize the flow field and improve the lift-to-drag ratio.

[0009] Further optimized, the angle between the winglet and the blade body is 60 degrees.

[0010] Further optimization is performed in that the edge of one side of the blade is serrated to reduce operating noise, thereby reducing the impact on marine life.

[0011] Further optimization is that the connector is provided with multiple motors, the number of motors is the same as the number of blades; in the cavity of the connector where the motor is installed, the motor output shaft is fixedly connected to the root of a corresponding blade, and the motor can drive the blade to rotate relative to the connector. By providing the motor, the deflection angle of the blade is adjusted according to the flow rate and direction of the tidal current, and the resistance is reduced, so that the turbine can improve the energy acquisition efficiency, and at the same time, it can reduce the impact of force on the entire hydropower unit and increase the service life.

[0012] Further optimization is that a support ring is sleeved on the blade near its root, the support ring is rotatably connected to the blade through a bearing, and the support ring has multiple support rods evenly arranged along the circumference, and the other end of the support rod is fixedly connected to the connecting piece.

[0013] Further optimization is performed in that the connecting piece is hemispherical in shape, and the water-facing surface is a curved surface to reduce resistance.

[0014] Further optimized, the number of the blades is three.

[0015] The tidal current energy power generation device of the horizontal axis tidal current energy turbine based on the above-mentioned bionic falcon wing blades includes a floating base, and an energy storage component and M power generation units arranged on the floating base; M is a positive integer greater than or equal to 3.

[0016] Each power generation unit includes a buoy, a horizontal axis tidal energy turbine, a column and a generator. The buoy is vertically fixed on a floating base, and the generator is fixed in the buoy; the column is a hollow pipe, the upper end of which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the buoy, and the lower end is fixedly connected to the shell of the horizontal axis tidal energy turbine. The output shaft of the generator extends out of the bottom plate of the buoy and then extends into the column, and is rotatably connected to the bottom plate of the buoy through a bearing. A first bevel gear is arranged at the lower end of the output shaft, and a second bevel gear is arranged at the end of the rotating shaft of the horizontal axis tidal energy turbine, and the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are meshed; the generator is connected to the energy storage component; an angle sensor is arranged on each turbine to detect the deflection angle of the blade.

[0017] The bottom of the floating base is provided with a flow rate sensor, a motor, an angle sensor, and the flow rate sensor is electrically connected to a controller, and an energy storage component supplies power to the motor, the controller and the flow rate sensor.

[0018] According to further optimization, the number of the power generation units is three, and the three power generation units are evenly arranged along the circumference of the floating base.

[0019] Based on the control method of the above tidal energy power generation device, each angle sensor corresponds to a unique number. C i , the number is stored in the controller, and the flow sensor measures the current flow speed V t and direction angle α t , and transmit it to the controller. Each sensor detects the deflection angle of the blades of the corresponding horizontal axis tidal energy turbine in real time. β i , and passed to the controller, i ∈[1,M].

[0020] The controller detects the value V t , α t and β i , and send instructions to the corresponding motor to start the motor and drive the blade to rotate a certain angle Δ β i When the angle sensor detects that the deflection angle of the blade reaches the set value, the motor stops working.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The blades of the horizontal axis tidal energy turbine are based on the hawk airfoil and made of composite materials. The top streamline in the thickness direction of the blade is a bionic hawk wing streamline, which can delay the stall range, resolve turbulence and reduce turbine resistance, thereby improving the energy efficiency of the device; at the same time, it can effectively resolve the impact force of the water flow, alleviate stress concentration, and save ply materials. The tip of the blade is set with a diamond-shaped winglet, which can stabilize the flow field and improve the lift-to-drag ratio.

[0023] 2. The edge of one side of the blade is serrated to reduce operating noise, thereby reducing the impact on marine life.

[0024] 3. By installing a motor on the horizontal axis tidal energy turbine, the deflection angle of the blades can be adjusted according to the flow velocity and direction of the tidal current to reduce resistance, thereby improving the energy efficiency of the turbine. At the same time, it can reduce the impact of force on the entire hydropower unit and increase its service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a horizontal-axis tidal current energy turbine with bionic falcon-shaped airfoil blades according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the blade;

[0028] Figure 3 is another structural schematic diagram of a blade;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a partial enlarged view of a horizontal axis tidal current energy turbine;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a tidal current energy power generation device based on a horizontal axis tidal current energy turbine with bionic falcon wing-shaped blades;

[0031] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of the middle A part;

[0032] Figure 7 This is the control block diagram of the tidal energy power generation device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Embodiment 1:

[0035] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a horizontal axis tidal energy turbine with bionic falcon wing blades includes a housing 3, a rotating shaft 31 and three blades 1; the rotating shaft is rotatably arranged in the housing through a bearing, one end of the rotating shaft extends out of the housing and is fixedly connected to a connecting member 2, and the three blades 1 are arranged on the connecting member.

[0036] The blade 1 is a bionic falcon airfoil, with arc-shaped edges on both sides in the width direction, an arc-shaped top streamline in the thickness direction, and a flat bottom; along its length direction, the width of the blade changes from narrow to wide and then to narrow, and the thickness of the blade changes from thin to thick and then to thin; the tip of the blade is folded to form a winglet, and the length of the winglet is 5-10% of the overall length of the blade.

[0037] In the present invention, the blades of the horizontal axis tidal energy turbine are made of composite materials with reference to the hawk airfoil. Taking into account the hydrodynamic characteristics and combining the blade element momentum theory and vortex theory, the blade length is 0.5m and the maximum thickness is 0.15m. The top streamline in the thickness direction of the blade is a bionic hawk wing streamline, which can delay the stall range, resolve turbulence and reduce the resistance of the turbine, thereby improving the energy acquisition efficiency of the device; at the same time, it can effectively resolve the impact force of the water flow and alleviate the stress concentration phenomenon, so that it has stronger torsion and shear resistance, and can work stably for a long time in complex deep sea environments; a flipped diamond winglet is set at the tip of the blade to stabilize the flow field and improve the lift-to-drag ratio.

[0038] In this embodiment, the angle between the winglet 11 and the blade body is 60 degrees. The length of the winglet is 10% of the overall length of the blade, i.e., 5 cm. In other embodiments, the length of the winglet can account for 5%, 6%, 8%, etc. of the overall length of the blade, depending on the specific situation.

[0039] In this embodiment, the edge of one side of the blade 1 is serrated 12, which reduces the operating noise, thereby reducing the impact on marine life. The tip of the sawtooth is arc-shaped, and one side of the blade is a sinusoidal leading edge surface. The blade is a sandwich structure, and a noise reduction filler is arranged inside, and the noise reduction filler is made of damping material. The actual on-site application of the serrated noise reduction structure on large-scale turbine units has achieved initial results. Comparing the noise values ​​before and after the installation of the noise reduction structure, the noise reduction is obvious in the flow rate section of 5 m / s to 6 m / s; further spectrum analysis shows that the noise values ​​of most frequency bands at the remote measurement point 135 m away from the unit in the horizontal direction of the water flow can be reduced by 2 dB to 8 dB.

[0040] In this embodiment, three motors 4 are arranged in the connector 2; in the cavity of the connector where the motor is installed, the output shaft of the motor 4 is fixedly connected to the root of a corresponding blade, and the motor can drive the blade to rotate relative to the connector. By arranging the motor, the deflection angle of the blade is adjusted according to the flow velocity and direction of the tidal current, and the resistance is reduced, so that the water turbine can improve the energy acquisition efficiency, and at the same time, it can reduce the impact of the force on the entire hydropower unit and increase the service life.

[0041] In this embodiment, if Figure 4As shown, a support ring 5 is sleeved at a position 10 cm near the root of the blade. The support ring 5 is rotatably connected to the blade 1 through a bearing. The support ring 5 has three support rods 6 evenly arranged along the circumference. The other end of the support rod 6 is fixedly connected to the connecting piece 2.

[0042] In this embodiment, the connecting member 2 is hemispherical, and the water-facing surface is a curved surface to reduce resistance.

[0043] In other embodiments, the number of blades may be four, five, etc.

[0044] Embodiment 2:

[0045] like Figure 5 , 6 As shown in , 7 , the tidal energy power generation device of the horizontal axis tidal energy turbine based on the above-mentioned bionic falcon wing blades includes a floating base 9, and an energy storage component and M power generation units arranged on the floating base 9, where M is a positive integer greater than or equal to 3.

[0046] Each power generation unit includes a buoy 8, a horizontal axis tidal energy turbine, a column 7 and a generator. The buoy 8 is vertically fixed on a floating base 9, and the generator is fixed in the buoy; the column is a hollow pipe, the upper end of which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the buoy, and the lower end is fixedly connected to the shell of the horizontal axis tidal energy turbine. The output shaft 10 of the generator extends out of the bottom plate of the buoy and then extends into the column, and is rotatably connected to the bottom plate of the buoy through a bearing. A first bevel gear 33 is arranged at the lower end of the output shaft, and a second bevel gear 32 is arranged at the end of the rotating shaft of the horizontal axis tidal energy turbine, and the first bevel gear 33 and the second bevel gear 32 are meshed; the generator is connected to the energy storage component; an angle sensor is arranged on each turbine to detect the deflection angle of the blade.

[0047] The bottom of the floating base is provided with a flow rate sensor, a motor, an angle sensor, and the flow rate sensor is electrically connected to a controller, and an energy storage component supplies power to the motor, the controller and the flow rate sensor.

[0048] In this embodiment, the number of the power generation units is three, and the three power generation units are evenly arranged along the circumference of the floating base. In other embodiments, the number of the power generation units can be four, five or more.

[0049] Embodiment three:

[0050] Based on the control method of the above tidal energy power generation device, each angle sensor corresponds to a unique number. C i , the number is stored in the controller, and the flow sensor measures the current flow speed V t and direction angle α t, and transmit it to the controller. Each angle sensor detects the deflection angle of the blade of the corresponding horizontal axis tidal energy turbine in real time. β i , and passed to the controller, i ∈[1,M].

[0051] The controller detects the value V t , α t and β i , and send instructions to the corresponding motor to start the motor and drive the blade to rotate a certain angle Δ β i When the angle sensor detects that the deflection angle of the blade reaches the set value, the motor stops working.

[0052] By installing a motor on the horizontal axis tidal energy turbine, the deflection angle of the blades is adjusted according to the flow velocity and direction of the tide to reduce resistance, thereby improving the energy acquisition efficiency of the turbine. At the same time, it can reduce the impact of force on the entire hydropower unit and increase its service life.

[0053] Based on the above ideal embodiments of the present invention, the relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention through the above description. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A horizontal axis tidal current energy turbine with bionic falcon wing blades, characterized in that: It includes a shell, a rotating shaft and a plurality of blades; The rotating shaft is rotatably arranged in the housing through a bearing, one end of the rotating shaft extends out of the housing and is fixedly connected to the connecting piece, and a plurality of blades are arranged on the connecting piece; The blade is a bionic falcon wing shape, with arc-shaped edges on both sides in the width direction, an arc-shaped top streamline in the thickness direction, and a flat bottom; along its length direction, the width of the blade changes from narrow to wide and then to narrow, and the thickness of the blade changes from thin to thick and then to thin; The tip of the blade is folded to form a winglet, and the length of the winglet is 5-10% of the overall length of the blade; The angle between the winglet and the blade body is 60 degrees; The connecting piece is provided with a plurality of motors, and the number of the motors is the same as the number of the blades; in the cavity of the connecting piece where the motor is installed, the motor output shaft is fixedly connected to the root of a corresponding blade, and the motor can drive the blade to rotate relative to the connecting piece.

2. The horizontal axis tidal current energy turbine with bionic falcon airfoil blades according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The edge of one side of the blade is serrated.

3. The horizontal axis tidal current energy turbine with bionic falcon airfoil blades according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A support ring is sleeved on the blade near its root, the support ring is rotatably connected to the blade through a bearing, and a plurality of support rods are evenly arranged on the support ring along the circumference, and the other end of the support rod is fixedly connected to the connecting piece.

4. The horizontal axis tidal current energy turbine with bionic falcon airfoil blades according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting piece is hemispherical.

5. The horizontal axis tidal current energy turbine with bionic falcon airfoil blades according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the blades is three.

6. A method for controlling a tidal current energy generating device, characterized in that: The tidal current energy power generation device is a horizontal axis tidal current energy turbine based on the bionic falcon wing blades described in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising a floating base, and an energy storage component and M power generation units arranged on the floating base; M is a positive integer greater than or equal to 3; Each power generation unit includes a buoy, a horizontal axis tidal energy turbine, a column and a generator, wherein the buoy is vertically fixed on a floating base, and the generator is fixed in the buoy; the column is a hollow pipe, the upper end of which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the buoy, and the lower end is fixedly connected to the housing of the horizontal axis tidal energy turbine, the output shaft of the generator extends out of the bottom plate of the buoy and then extends into the column, and is rotatably connected to the bottom plate of the buoy through a bearing, the lower end of the output shaft is provided with a first bevel gear, the end of the rotating shaft of the horizontal axis tidal energy turbine is provided with a second bevel gear, and the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are meshed; The generator is connected to the energy storage component; Each turbine is provided with an angle sensor for detecting the deflection angle of the blades; A flow rate sensor is provided at the bottom of the floating base, the motor, the angle sensor, the flow rate sensor are electrically connected to the controller, and the energy storage component supplies power to the motor, the controller and the flow rate sensor; The control method is: each angle sensor has a unique number. C i , the number is stored in the controller, and the flow sensor measures the current flow speed V t and direction angle α t , and transmit it to the controller. Each sensor detects the deflection angle of the blades of the corresponding horizontal axis tidal energy turbine in real time. β i , and passed to the controller, i ∈[1, M]; the controller is based on the detection value V t , α t and β i , and send instructions to the corresponding motor to start the motor and drive the blade to rotate a certain angle Δ β i When the angle sensor detects that the deflection angle of the blade reaches the set value, the motor stops working.

7. The control method of the tidal current energy generating device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The number of the power generation units is three, and the three power generation units are evenly arranged along the circumference of the floating base.

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