A pretreatment system for recycling sheet lithium batteries

Abstract

The present invention discloses a pretreatment system for recycling sheet lithium batteries, comprising a discharge device, a drying device, a crushing device and a roasting device, wherein the output end of the discharge device is connected to the input end of the drying device, the output end of the drying device is connected to the input end of the crushing device, and the output end of the crushing device is connected to the input end of the roasting device. The present invention lays a foundation for subsequent chemical extraction through the pretreatment of discharge, drying, crushing and roasting in a streamlined operation. At the same time, due to the continuous operation, the pretreatment efficiency is significantly improved, which is convenient for adapting to large-scale recycling operations in factories.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of lithium battery recycling, and in particular to a pretreatment system for recycling sheet lithium batteries. Background Art

[0002] Currently, sheet lithium batteries are widely used in smart phones. As a large number of mobile phones are unused and scrapped, the recycling of sheet lithium batteries has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0003] Before recycling metals such as cobalt, copper, lithium, and aluminum from waste lithium-ion batteries, it is usually necessary to discharge, crush, and roast the lithium-ion batteries. Currently, the processing within and between each pretreatment stage is separate, resulting in low processing efficiency and inability to adapt to large-scale recycling operations. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a pretreatment system for recycling sheet-shaped lithium batteries, thereby solving the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention discloses a pretreatment system for recycling sheet lithium batteries, including a discharge device, a drying device, a crushing device and a roasting device, wherein the output end of the discharge device is connected to the input end of the drying device, the output end of the drying device is connected to the input end of the crushing device, and the output end of the crushing device is connected to the input end of the roasting device.

[0006] Furthermore, the discharge device includes a discharge frame and a brine tank, a discharge conveyor belt, a reversing short roller, a transmission long roller and a discharge conveyor belt driving motor installed on the discharge frame. A battery box for inserting the sheet-like lithium battery in the vertical gap relative to the discharge conveyor belt is fixedly connected to the discharge conveyor belt. The bottom and side walls of the battery box are penetrated with leakage holes. The reversing short rollers are arranged on both sides of the conveying direction of the sheet-like lithium battery. The middle part of the upper layer of the discharge conveyor belt is tensioned by the reversing short rollers and sinks downward into the brine in the brine tank. One end of the reversing short roller in the brine tank is sealed and pivotally connected to the inner wall of the brine tank, and the other end is tensioned on the edge of the discharge conveyor belt in the brine tank. The battery box is arranged between the reversing short rollers on both sides. The transmission long rollers are arranged at both ends of the brine tank. The discharge conveyor belt driving motor is connected to the transmission long rollers in driving manner. The middle part of the lower layer of the discharge conveyor belt is tensioned on the lower side of the middle part of the upper layer of the discharge conveyor belt by at least one of the transmission long rollers.

[0007] Furthermore, a plurality of the short reversing rollers are arranged along the conveying direction of the sheet-shaped lithium batteries so that the upper layer of the discharge conveyor belt entering the brine tank forms a horizontal discharge conveyor belt.

[0008] Furthermore, the volume size of any of the battery boxes is set so that the sheet-like lithium battery can only be inserted vertically into the battery box, and a gap is provided between the battery box and the sheet-like lithium battery to facilitate sliding out, and when the sheet-like lithium battery is inserted into the battery box, the height of the battery box is lower than the height of the sheet-like lithium battery.

[0009] Furthermore, the drying device includes a drying frame, a drying box installed on the drying frame, and a drying conveyor belt, the drying conveyor belt passes through the interior of the drying box, the input end of the drying conveyor belt is located below the output end of the discharge conveyor belt, and the input end and output end of the drying box are provided with a dry hot air inlet and a hot air outlet.

[0010] Furthermore, a plurality of support rods for keeping the sheet-like lithium batteries vertical or for horizontally suspending the sheet-like lithium batteries are evenly distributed on the outside of the drying conveyor belt, and the drying conveyor belt is evenly penetrated by drying conveyor belt holes, and the support rods are in sliding connection with the sheet-like lithium batteries.

[0011] Furthermore, a cleaning device is provided outside the input end of the drying conveyor belt, and cleaning nozzles are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the discharge conveyor belt in the cleaning device. The bottom of the cleaning device is connected to the upper side of the brine tank through a recovery pump.

[0012] Furthermore, the crushing device includes a crushing frame and a crusher installed on the crushing frame, a screw conveyor and a boat conveyor belt with a loading boat, the upper input port of the crusher is located at the lower side of the output end of the drying conveyor belt, the lower output port is connected to the input port of the screw conveyor, and the output port of the screw conveyor is located above the loading boat of the boat conveyor belt.

[0013] Furthermore, the roasting device includes a roasting furnace, the input and output ends of the roasting furnace are equipped with gate valves, and a boat pushing mechanism for pushing the loading boat into the roasting tunnel of the roasting furnace is arranged between the roasting device and the crushing device, and the boat pushing mechanism includes a vertical pushing cylinder vertical to the conveying direction of the loading boat and a parallel boat pushing cylinder parallel to the conveying direction of the loading boat.

[0014] Furthermore, a plurality of positioning holes are evenly distributed at the bottom of the roasting tunnel along the conveying direction of the loading boat, guide bars are inserted into the positioning holes, and a guide groove that can be slidably connected with the guide bar is provided at the bottom of the loading boat.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0016] The present invention lays a foundation for subsequent chemical extraction through the flow-line pretreatment of discharging, drying, crushing and roasting; at the same time, due to the continuous operation, the pretreatment efficiency is significantly improved, which is convenient for adapting to large-scale recycling operations in factories.

[0017] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a pretreatment system for recycling sheet lithium batteries disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic front view of a discharge device disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic top view of a discharge device disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a drying conveyor belt disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the guide strip and the loading boat disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Legend:

[0025] 1. Discharge device; 11. Motor frame; 12. Brine tank; 13. Discharge conveyor belt; 14. Reversing short roller; 15. Transmission long roller; 16. Discharge conveyor belt drive motor; 17. Leakage hole; 18. Battery box;

[0026] 2. Drying device; 21. Drying rack; 22. Drying box; 23. Drying conveyor belt; 24. Drying hot air inlet; 25. Hot air outlet; 26. Support rod; 27. Drying conveyor belt hole;

[0027] 3. Crushing device; 31. Crushing frame; 32. Crusher; 33. Screw conveyor;

[0028] 4. roasting device; 41. roasting furnace; 42. gate valve; 43. roasting tunnel; 44. positioning hole; 45. guide strip;

[0029] 5. Boat pushing mechanism; 51. Vertical pushing cylinder; 52. Parallel boat pushing cylinder;

[0030] 6. Loading boat; 61. Guide groove;

[0031] 7. Cleaning device; 71. Cleaning nozzle; 72. Recovery pump;

[0032] 8. Sheet lithium battery. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.

[0034] like Figure 1-5 As shown, the present invention discloses a pretreatment system for recycling sheet lithium batteries, comprising a discharge device 1, a drying device 2, a crushing device 3 and a roasting device 4, wherein the output end of the discharge device 1 is connected to the input end of the drying device 2, the output end of the drying device 2 is connected to the input end of the crushing device 3, and the output end of the crushing device 3 is connected to the input end of the roasting device 4. Thus, the pretreatment through the flow operation of discharge, drying, crushing and roasting lays the foundation for the subsequent chemical extraction, and at the same time, due to the continuous operation, the pretreatment efficiency is significantly improved, which is convenient for adapting to the large-scale recycling operation of the factory.

[0035] In this embodiment, the discharge device 1 includes a discharge frame 11 and a salt water tank 12 installed on the discharge frame 11, a discharge conveyor belt 13, a reversing short roller 14, a driving long roller 15 and a discharge conveyor belt driving motor 16. The salt water tank 12 is filled with salt water for short-circuiting the sheet-shaped lithium battery 8. The discharge conveyor belt 13 is provided with a battery box 18 for inserting the sheet-shaped lithium battery 8 into the vertical gap relative to the discharge conveyor belt 13. The battery box 18 and the discharge conveyor belt 13 are both made of rubber. The battery box 18 is used to place the waste sheet-shaped lithium battery 8. The bottom and side walls of the battery box 18 are penetrated with a water leakage hole 17. The water leakage hole 17 provided on the side wall can prevent the sheet-shaped lithium battery 8 from sticking, so as to facilitate it to fall from the discharge conveyor belt 13 later. When the sheet lithium battery 8 in the battery box 18 is discharged and comes out of the salt water along the conveying direction, the salt water can be discharged from the leak hole 17 into the salt water tank 12, which is also convenient for draining the water. The middle part of the discharge conveyor belt 13 sinks downward into the salt water in the salt water tank 12, forming a U-shaped structure. The reversing short rollers 14 are arranged on both sides of the salt water tank 12. One end of any reversing short roller 14 is sealed and pivoted with the inner wall of the salt water tank 12, and the other end is stretched on the edge of the discharge conveyor belt 13 in the salt water tank 12, so that the discharge conveyor belt 13 is "pressed" into the salt water. The discharge conveyor belt 13 is fixedly connected with the battery box 18 between the reversing short rollers 14 on both sides. The transmission long rollers 15 are arranged at both ends of the salt water tank 12, and the discharge conveyor belt driving motor 16 is connected to a transmission long roller 15. The middle part of the lower layer of the discharge conveyor belt 13 is stretched on the lower side of the middle part of the upper layer of the discharge conveyor belt 13 through at least one transmission long roller 15, forming a V-shaped structure. Furthermore, a plurality of short reversing rollers 14 are arranged along the conveying direction of the sheet-shaped lithium battery 8 so that the upper portion of the discharge conveyor belt 13 entering the salt water tank 12 forms a horizontal discharge conveyor belt 13, thereby preventing adjacent battery boxes 18 from interfering with each other during reversal. Furthermore, a protrusion is arranged on the side wall of the battery box 18 to further prevent the sheet-shaped lithium battery 8 from sticking.

[0036] At the same time, more importantly, in some cases, if the gap between the sheet-like lithium battery 8 and the discharge conveyor belt 13 is filled with water, under the action of atmospheric pressure, a similar bonding effect will occur, so that the sheet-like lithium battery 8 is difficult to detach from the discharge conveyor belt 13 under the action of gravity. Therefore, in order to prevent the sheet-like lithium battery 8 from being closely attached to the discharge conveyor belt 13, the volume size of any battery box 18 is set so that the sheet-like lithium battery 8 can only be inserted vertically into the battery box 18, and a gap is set between the battery box 18 and the sheet-like lithium battery 8 to facilitate sliding out. When the sheet-like lithium battery 8 is inserted into the battery box 18, the height of the battery box 18 is lower than the height of the sheet-like lithium battery 8, so that the sheet-like lithium battery 8 is conveyed vertically, and the main plane cannot produce a plane fit with the discharge conveyor belt 13. At the same time, because the side wall of the battery box 18 is lower than the sheet-like lithium battery 8 and is evenly distributed with water leakage holes 17, atmospheric pressure can easily enter, avoiding the fit effect with the side wall of the battery box 18.

[0037] In this embodiment, in order to achieve timely drying of the water content of the salt water after discharge, the drying device 2 includes a drying frame 21, a drying box 22 and a drying conveyor belt 23 installed on the drying frame 21. The drying conveyor belt 23 passes through the interior of the drying box 22. The input end of the drying conveyor belt 23 is connected to the output end of the discharge conveyor belt 13. The input end and the output end of the drying box 22 are provided with a dry hot air inlet 24 and a hot air outlet 25. The dry air introduced by the dry hot air inlet 24 can take away the water content on the surface of the sheet lithium battery 8, thereby conveying it forward and drying it at the same time. Similarly, see Figure 4 In order to prevent the sheet lithium battery 8 on the discharge conveyor belt 13 from falling onto the drying conveyor belt 23 and causing a bonding effect with the drying conveyor belt 23, thereby reducing the drying effect (the bonding surface is difficult to dry as quickly as possible), the outer side of the drying conveyor belt 23 is evenly distributed with a plurality of support rods 26 for keeping the sheet lithium battery 8 vertical or for horizontally suspending the sheet lithium battery 8. Therefore, after the sheet lithium battery 8 falls into the drying conveyor belt 23, it is either vertically inserted between the support rods 26 or horizontally supported on the top of the support rods 26, and can be in contact with the dry hot air to the maximum extent, thereby drying quickly. At the same time, the drying conveyor belt 23 is evenly penetrated with drying conveyor belt holes 27 to facilitate the rapid passage of hot air. The support rods 26 are in sliding contact with the sheet lithium battery 8, which facilitates the sheet lithium battery 8 to slide out and fall into the crushing device 3.

[0038] At the same time, in order to clean the salt water adhered to the sheet-shaped lithium battery 8 and avoid the introduction of impurities, a cleaning device 7 is also set outside the input end of the drying conveyor belt 23. The cleaning device 7 is located on the upper and lower sides of the drying conveyor belt 23 and is provided with cleaning nozzles 71, so that the sheet-shaped lithium battery 8 can be cleaned from the upper and lower sides of the sheet-shaped lithium battery 8. The bottom of the cleaning device 7 is connected to the upper side of the salt water tank 12 through a recovery pump 72. Therefore, the salt water can be recovered in time.

[0039] In this embodiment, the crushing device 3 includes a crushing frame 31 and a crusher 32 installed on the crushing frame 31, a screw conveyor 33 and a boat conveyor belt 35 on which a loading boat 6 is placed. The crusher 32 is a gear crusher. The upper input port of the crusher 32 is connected to the output end of the drying conveyor belt 23 through a chute, and the lower output port is connected to the input port of the screw conveyor 33. The output port of the screw conveyor 33 is located above the loading boat 6 of the boat conveyor belt 35. The screw conveyor 33 can achieve uniform output of powder materials.

[0040] In this embodiment, the roasting device 4 includes a roasting furnace 41, and a gate valve 42 is installed at the input end and the output end of the roasting furnace 41. A boat pushing mechanism 5 for pushing the loading boat 6 into the roasting tunnel 43 of the roasting furnace 41 is provided between the roasting device 4 and the crushing device 3. Specifically, the boat pushing mechanism 5 includes a vertical pushing cylinder 51 perpendicular to the conveying direction of the loading boat and a parallel boat pushing cylinder 52 parallel to the conveying direction of the loading boat. The vertical pushing cylinder 51 pushes the loading boat 6 out of the boat conveyor belt 35. Specifically, the vertical pushing cylinder 51 and the parallel boat pushing cylinder 52 are arranged in a manner similar to that of a loading and unloading conveyor disclosed in Chinese Patent 202010465680X, and are pushed into the front of the roasting tunnel 43, and then the gate valve 42 is opened, and the loading boat 6 is pushed in by the parallel boat pushing cylinder 52.

[0041] In this embodiment, in order to protect the roasting tunnel 43 and prevent the loading boat 34 from constantly rubbing or bumping against the graphite side walls of the roasting tunnel 43 during the pushing process, causing the loading boat 34 to be damaged and the sintered material to leak out, resulting in line stoppage, or damaging the soft graphite side walls, a plurality of positioning holes 44 are evenly distributed on the bottom of the roasting tunnel 43 along the conveying direction of the loading boat 34, and guide bars 45 are inserted into the positioning holes 44. A guide groove 61 that can be slidably connected with the guide bar 45 is provided at the bottom of the loading boat 6. Therefore, through the positioning and guiding function of the guide bar 45, the width of the guide bar 45 is smaller than the guide groove 61, and the loading boat 34 can always maintain a certain distance from the side wall of the roasting tunnel 43 during the conveying process, thereby protecting the roasting tunnel 43 and the loading boat 34.

[0042] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pretreatment system for recycling sheet lithium batteries, characterized in that: The invention comprises a discharge device, a drying device, a crushing device and a roasting device, wherein the output end of the discharge device is connected to the input end of the drying device, the output end of the drying device is connected to the input end of the crushing device, and the output end of the crushing device is connected to the input end of the roasting device; the discharge device comprises a discharge frame and a salt water tank, a discharge conveyor belt, a reversing short roller, a transmission long roller and a discharge conveyor belt driving motor installed on the discharge frame; a battery box for inserting the sheet-like lithium battery in the vertical gap relative to the discharge conveyor belt is fixedly connected to the discharge conveyor belt, and water leakage holes are penetrated through the bottom and side walls of the battery box; the reversing short roller is arranged on both sides of the conveying direction of the sheet-like lithium battery; the middle part of the upper layer of the discharge conveyor belt is tensioned by the reversing short roller and sinks downward into the salt water in the salt water tank; one end of the reversing short roller in the salt water tank is connected to the The inner wall seal of the brine tank is pivotally connected, and the other end is tensioned on the edge of the discharge conveyor belt in the brine tank. The battery box is arranged between the short reversing rollers on both sides, and the long transmission rollers are arranged at both ends of the brine tank. The discharge conveyor belt drive motor is connected to the long transmission rollers in driving connection, and the middle part of the lower layer of the discharge conveyor belt is tensioned on the lower side of the middle part of the upper layer of the discharge conveyor belt through at least one long transmission roller; multiple short reversing rollers are arranged along the conveying direction of the sheet lithium battery so that the upper layer of the discharge conveyor belt entering the brine tank forms a horizontal discharge conveyor belt; the volume size of any battery box is set so that the sheet lithium battery can only be vertically inserted into the battery box, and a gap is provided between the battery box and the sheet lithium battery for easy sliding out. When the sheet lithium battery is inserted into the battery box, the height of the battery box is lower than the height of the sheet lithium battery.

2. The pretreatment system for recycling sheet lithium batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying device includes a drying frame, a drying box installed on the drying frame, and a drying conveyor belt, the drying conveyor belt passes through the interior of the drying box, the input end of the drying conveyor belt is located below the output end of the discharge conveyor belt, and the input end and output end of the drying box are provided with a dry hot air inlet and a hot air outlet.

3. The pretreatment system for recycling sheet lithium batteries according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer side of the drying conveyor belt is evenly distributed with a plurality of support rods for keeping the sheet-like lithium batteries vertical or for horizontally suspending the sheet-like lithium batteries, and the drying conveyor belt is evenly penetrated with drying conveyor belt holes, and the support rods are in sliding connection with the sheet-like lithium batteries.

4. The pretreatment system for recycling sheet lithium batteries according to claim 3, characterized in that: A cleaning device is also provided outside the input end of the drying conveyor belt. Cleaning nozzles are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the discharge conveyor belt in the cleaning device. The bottom of the cleaning device is connected to the upper side of the brine tank through a recovery pump.

5. The pretreatment system for recycling sheet lithium batteries according to claim 2, characterized in that: The crushing device includes a crushing frame and a crusher installed on the crushing frame, a screw conveyor and a boat conveyor belt with a loading boat placed thereon, the upper input port of the crusher is located at the lower side of the output end of the drying conveyor belt, the lower output port is connected to the input port of the screw conveyor, and the output port of the screw conveyor is located above the loading boat of the boat conveyor belt.

6. The pretreatment system for recycling sheet lithium batteries according to claim 2, characterized in that: The roasting device includes a roasting furnace, the input and output ends of the roasting furnace are equipped with gate valves, a boat pushing mechanism for pushing the loading boat into the roasting tunnel of the roasting furnace is arranged between the roasting device and the crushing device, and the boat pushing mechanism includes a vertical pushing cylinder vertical to the conveying direction of the loading boat and a parallel boat pushing cylinder parallel to the conveying direction of the loading boat.

7. The pretreatment system for recycling sheet lithium batteries according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the roasting tunnel is evenly distributed with a plurality of positioning holes along the conveying direction of the loading boat, the positioning holes are plugged with guide bars, and the bottom of the loading boat is provided with guide grooves that can be slidably connected with the guide bars.

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