Anchoring assembly and anchoring method

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application discloses an anchoring assembly and an anchoring method, the anchoring assembly comprising an anchor rod, a lock, a drill bit and a driving member, the anchor rod having a channel penetrating in the axial direction, the lock being arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the anchor rod and adjacent to one end of the anchor rod, the drill bit being arranged on the other end of the anchor rod, and the driving member being sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the anchor rod, the driving member comprising a first member and a second member, the first member abutting against the side of the lock facing the other end of the anchor rod, and the second member being connected with the first member and capable of moving relatively in the axial direction of the anchor rod. The anchoring assembly of the present application sets the drill bit on the anchor rod so as to be used as a drill rod to punch a hole, sets the channel penetrating through the anchor rod on the anchor rod for injecting anchoring agent into the hole, and sets the driving member on the anchor rod to drive the lock to move in the direction away from the other end of the anchor rod, so as to replace the jack to tension the anchor cable, thereby simplifying the construction steps, realizing automatic construction, and achieving the advantages of high-quality automatic tensioning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of anchoring structure technology, and more specifically to an anchoring component and anchoring method. Background Technology

[0002] As an important component of anchoring systems, anchor cables are characterized by their large support range, strong bearing capacity, and high preload, and are widely used in geotechnical engineering such as slope reinforcement and tunnel rock support.

[0003] Anchor cable construction includes steps such as drilling, dismantling drill rods, installing anchoring agent, mixing anchoring agent and anchoring, and tensioning. Traditional construction methods have the following main problems: 1. The construction process is complex and difficult to automate, relying entirely on manual labor; 2. Repeated dismantling of drill rods is time-consuming and labor-intensive. If the surrounding rock in the tunnel is fractured, the process of dismantling drill rods and conveying anchor cables into the borehole can easily lead to borehole collapse, resulting in anchor cable installation failure; 3. To fully utilize the load-bearing capacity of the anchor cable, the anchoring section is generally long, requiring a large amount of anchoring agent. Traditional resin anchoring agents are soft, making it difficult to convey soft anchoring agents over long distances into the borehole; 4. Anchor cables are typically tensioned using anchor cable tensioning jacks, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive; 5. Anchor cable construction steps are cumbersome, with all steps completed manually using different construction tools, making automation difficult.

[0004] To address the above issues, an anchoring component is proposed that simplifies construction steps and enables automated construction while achieving the same support effect as anchor cables. At the same time, an anchoring method is proposed to achieve high-quality automatic tensioning. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0006] Therefore, embodiments of the present invention provide an anchoring assembly that has the advantages of simple construction and automation.

[0007] An anchoring method is also proposed in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0008] The anchoring assembly of this invention includes: an anchor rod having a channel extending through the anchor rod along its axial direction;

[0009] A locking device is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the anchor rod and adjacent to one end of the anchor rod;

[0010] A drill bit, which is located at the other end of the anchor rod;

[0011] A driving component is sleeved on the outer periphery of the anchor rod. The driving component includes a first component and a second component. The first component abuts against the side of the lock facing the other end of the anchor rod, and the second component is connected to the first component and is capable of moving relative to the anchor rod in the axial direction.

[0012] The anchoring assembly of this invention features a drill bit on the anchor rod instead of a drill rod, and a channel through the anchor rod for injecting anchoring agent into the borehole. Simultaneously, a driving component on the anchor rod drives the locking device to move away from the anchor rod, replacing the jack for tensioning the anchor cable. This design offers advantages such as simple construction and automation.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first component is provided with a first receiving groove, the second component is provided with a second receiving groove, the first receiving groove and the second receiving groove are connected to form a receiving cavity, the receiving cavity contains an expanding agent, the expanding agent is used to drive the first component and the second component to move relative to each other.

[0014] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the first component is located within the second receiving groove, or at least a portion of the second component is located within the first receiving groove.

[0015] In some embodiments, the drive member has a through hole through which the anchor rod passes, and the inner wall surface of the drive member contacts the outer peripheral surface of the anchor rod.

[0016] In some embodiments, both the first receiving groove and the second receiving groove are annular grooves extending around the centerline of the anchor rod.

[0017] In some embodiments, the anchoring assembly further includes:

[0018] A self-aligning ball pad is sleeved on the outer periphery of the anchor rod, and the self-aligning ball pad is located on the side of the lock facing the drive member, and the end face of the self-aligning ball pad facing the drive member is an arc-shaped surface;

[0019] An anchor bolt tray is fitted around the outer periphery of the anchor bolt and is located between the drive component and the self-aligning ball pad. The anchor bolt tray abuts against the arc-shaped surface of the self-aligning ball pad.

[0020] In some embodiments, the other end of the anchor bolt is provided with an outlet, the outlet is in communication with the channel, and there is a gap between the drill bit and the outlet.

[0021] In some embodiments, the anchor bolt comprises at least two sections, adjacent sections being connected by a connecting sleeve.

[0022] The anchoring method of this invention, implemented using the anchoring component described in any of the above embodiments, includes the following steps:

[0023] The anchor rod is driven to rotate about its axis so that the drill bit rotates synchronously to drill a borehole and place the anchor rod in the borehole, and the second member abuts against the rock mass forming the borehole;

[0024] An anchoring agent is injected into the borehole through the channel to anchor the anchor rod within the borehole.

[0025] The first component is driven to move axially relative to the second component in the anchor rod, so that the drive member drives the lock to move away from the borehole to tension the anchor rod.

[0026] The anchoring method of this invention can directly drill holes by synchronously rotating the drill bit with the anchor rod, and can inject anchoring agent into the drill hole through the channel. Then, the anchor rod is tensioned by the driving component, thereby reducing the complexity of the construction process and achieving high-quality automatic tensioning.

[0027] In some embodiments, the drive to rotate the anchor about its axis drives the drill bit and the drive element to rotate.

[0028] The step of driving the first component to move relative to the second component in the axial direction of the anchor bolt includes: triggering the expansion agent to undergo an expansion reaction within the receiving cavity to drive the first component and the second component to move away from each other in the axial direction of the anchor bolt;

[0029] The step of injecting anchoring agent into the borehole through the channel includes: injecting different components of the anchoring agent into the channel, and after passing through a mixer located in the channel, entering from the outlet into the gap between the borehole wall and the anchor rod. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anchoring assembly proposed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The front view of the first component;

[0032] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Side sectional view of the first component;

[0033] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 The front view of the second component;

[0034] Figure 5 yes Figure 4Side sectional view of the second component;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the anchoring method proposed in the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the anchoring method proposed in the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the anchoring method proposed in the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 3 .

[0038] Figure label:

[0039] 1. Lock; 2. Self-aligning ball pad; 3. Anchor bolt tray; 4. Drive component; 5. Anchor bolt; 51. Channel; 6. Connecting sleeve; 7. Drill bit; 8. First component; 81. First receiving groove; 9. Second component; 91. Second receiving groove; 10. Receiving cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0040] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0041] The following is a reference appendix. Figure 1-8 An anchoring assembly and anchoring method according to embodiments of the present invention are described.

[0042] When using the anchoring assembly, a hole needs to be drilled in the rock mass first. The anchor rod in the anchoring assembly is then inserted into the hole. The anchor rod is then connected to the rock mass by the anchoring agent located between the anchor rod and the borehole wall. Finally, the anchor rod of the anchoring assembly is tensioned and pre-tightened.

[0043] like Figure 1-8 As shown, the anchoring assembly of this embodiment includes an anchor bolt 5, a locking device 1, a drill bit 7, and a driving component 4. The anchor bolt 5 has a axial direction along its length (e.g., along its axial direction along its axial direction). Figure 1 The channel 51 (shown in the left-right direction) passes through the anchor rod 5. In this embodiment of the invention, the anchoring assembly allows the anchoring agent to be injected into the gap between the anchor rod 5 and the borehole wall through the channel 51 on the anchor rod 5, thereby connecting the anchor rod 5 and the rock mass. Compared to the related art method of manually injecting the anchoring agent into the borehole and then mixing it, this reduces construction complexity and labor consumption.

[0044] Lock 1 is located on the outer periphery of anchor rod 5 and near one end of anchor rod 5 (e.g. Figure 1 (The left end of anchor bolt 5 shown). Figure 1As shown, the lock 1 has a central hole that runs through the left and right directions, and the anchor rod 5 passes through the central hole and is mounted on the lock 1.

[0045] Drill bit 7 is located on the end face of the other end of anchor rod 5 (e.g., Figure 1 The right end face of anchor bolt 5 shown. Figure 6 As shown, during the construction of the anchoring assembly in this embodiment of the invention, the anchor rod 5 drives the drill bit 7 to rotate synchronously to directly drill the hole, eliminating the need to use a drill rod. The drill rod is then removed and placed back into the anchor rod, thereby saving construction time and reducing construction complexity.

[0046] The driving component 4 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the anchor rod 5. The driving component 4 includes a first component 8 and a second component 9. The first component 8 abuts against the side of the locking device 1 facing the other end of the anchor rod 5. The second component 9 is connected to the first component 8 and can move relative to it in the axial direction of the anchor rod 5. Figure 1 As shown, the first component 8 is located to the left of the second component 9, the first component 8 is connected to the right side of the lock 1, and the second component 9 is adapted to abut against the rock mass.

[0047] During the construction process of the anchoring assembly of this invention, when the drilling is completed, the second component abuts against the rock wall of the rock mass, and the first and second components are relatively far apart in the axial direction of the anchor rod. This allows the first component to push the locking device to move away from the rock mass, so that the locking device can drive the anchor rod to be tensioned and pre-tightened. Unlike related technologies, it is not necessary to install additional jacks to tension and pre-tighten the anchor cable. Therefore, the anchoring assembly of this invention has the advantages of simple construction process and automated construction.

[0048] In some embodiments, the first component 8 is provided with a first receiving groove 81, and the second component 9 is provided with a second receiving groove 91. The first receiving groove 81 and the second receiving groove 91 are connected to form a receiving cavity 10, which contains an expanding agent for driving the first component 8 and the second component 9 to move relative to each other.

[0049] like Figure 1-5 As shown, the first component 8 has a first receiving groove 81 that opens to the right, and the second component 9 has a second receiving groove 91 that opens to the left. The first receiving groove 81 and the second receiving groove 91 are opposite to each other in the left-right direction and are connected to form a receiving cavity 10.

[0050] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the second member 9 is located within the first receiving groove 81, or at least a portion of the first member 8 is located within the second receiving groove 91.

[0051] like Figure 1-8As shown, both the first component 8 and the second component 9 consist of a base plate extending circumferentially along the anchor rod 5 and a surrounding plate extending axially along the anchor rod 5. Specifically, the surrounding plate of the first component 8 extends to the right from the outer periphery of the base plate of the first component 8 to form a first receiving groove 81 between the surrounding plate and the base plate of the first component 8, and the surrounding plate of the second component 9 extends to the left from the base plate of the second component to form a second receiving groove 91 between the surrounding plate and the base plate of the second component 9.

[0052] like Figure 6-8 As shown, during the process of the first component 8 and the second component 9 moving away from each other, the left end of the enclosure of the second component 9 is always located in the first receiving groove 81, and the outer wall surface of the enclosure of the second component 9 abuts against the inner wall surface of the enclosure of the first component 8 to prevent the expansion agent from leaking from the receiving cavity 10.

[0053] The connection between the first and second components is not limited to one being located within the receiving groove formed by the other. In other embodiments, the first and second components are connected by a telescopic tube. In other words, the first and second receiving grooves are connected by the lumen of the telescopic tube to form a receiving cavity, and the telescopic tube extends axially in the anchor bolt as the expanding agent expands.

[0054] An expanding agent is a material that can cause its own volume to expand through a physicochemical reaction. For example, it can be a calcium oxide-based expanding agent. After thorough mixing, it expands its volume through a hydration reaction. Under the constraint of the cavity 10, the expanding agent expands along the axial direction of the anchor rod 5, thereby pushing the first component 8 and the second component 9 to move relatively away from each other along the axial direction of the anchor rod 5 (e.g., ...). Figure 8 As shown, the first component 8 and the second component 9 move away from each other in the left and right directions.

[0055] like Figure 6-8 As shown, during the construction of the anchoring assembly in this embodiment of the invention, since the second component abuts against the rock wall at the end of drilling, the expansion agent expands along the axial direction of the anchor rod 5, which pushes the first component 8 to move to the left, thereby causing the first component 8 to push the locking device 1 to move to the left, so as to tension and pre-tighten the anchor rod 5.

[0056] The method of driving the relative movement of the first component 8 and the second component 9 with an expanding agent can reduce energy consumption compared to the method of driving the relative movement of the first component 8 and the second component 9 with a mechanical structure.

[0057] The first and second components are not limited to being driven apart relative to each other along the axial direction of the anchor rod by an expanding agent. In other embodiments, a telescopic device is provided between the first and second components along the axial direction of the anchor rod. For example, it can be a telescopic cylinder. The fixed end of the telescopic cylinder is connected to the second component, and the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder is connected to the first component. When the telescopic device extends, it pushes the first and second components apart relative to each other along the axial direction of the anchor rod.

[0058] In some embodiments, the drive member 4 has a through hole, and the anchor rod 5 passes through the through hole onto the drive member 4, with the inner wall surface of the drive member 4 in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the anchor rod 5.

[0059] like Figures 1-5 As shown, both the first component 8 and the second component 9 are provided with through holes extending in the left-right direction, and the through holes of the first component 8 and the second component 9 are connected to form a perforation. Specifically, as shown... Figure 1 As shown, the diameter of the through hole in the first component 8 is smaller than the diameter of the through hole in the second component 9. The inner wall surface of the through hole in the first component 8 is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the anchor rod 5, and at least a portion of the enclosure of the first component 8 is located within the through hole of the second component 9. Similarly, when at least a portion of the first component is located within the second receiving groove, the inner wall surface of the through hole in the second component is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the anchor rod, and at least a portion of the enclosure of the second component is located within the through hole of the first component.

[0060] The inner wall of the drive component 4 contacts the outer peripheral surface of the anchor rod 5, creating friction between them. When the anchor rod 5 rotates to drill the hole, the drive component 4 rotates synchronously with the anchor rod 5 under the action of friction, causing the expansion agent in the cavity 10 to mix evenly and triggering the expansion reaction. Therefore, the drive component 4 can automatically tension and pre-tighten the anchor rod 5 without the need for a controlled mixing device or additional mixing steps to trigger the expansion reaction of the expansion agent, reducing the construction complexity of the anchoring assembly and enabling high-quality automatic tensioning.

[0061] The method of mixing the expanding agent is not limited to the above-mentioned use of the rotation of the driving component. In other embodiments, the driving component is equipped with a stirring device, such as a rotary motor. The rotating shaft of the rotary motor extends into the receiving cavity and is connected to the stirring blades. The stirring blades stir the expanding agent in the receiving cavity under the drive of the rotary motor.

[0062] In some embodiments, the first receiving groove 81 and the second receiving groove 91 are both annular grooves extending around the centerline of the anchor rod 5.

[0063] like Figure 1-5 As shown, both the first component 8 and the second component 9 are provided with two coaxial enclosures with different diameters. An annular first receiving groove 81 is formed between the two enclosures of the first component 8. The enclosure with the smaller diameter of the first component 8 has a through hole. An annular second receiving groove 91 is formed between the two enclosures of the second component 9. The enclosure with the smaller diameter of the second component 9 has a through hole. The left ends of both enclosures of the second component 9 are located in the first receiving groove 81.

[0064] The first receiving groove 81 and the second receiving groove 91 are annular grooves so that the expanding agent is annular around the center line of the anchor rod 5. When the expanding agent expands, the amount of expansion is the same at different positions in the circumferential direction of the anchor rod 5. The first component 8 and the second component 9 will not form an angle during the relatively far movement, thereby avoiding the anchor rod 5 from being bent and damaged by bending moment during the tensioning process.

[0065] The shapes of the first and second receiving grooves are not limited to annular grooves. In other embodiments, the projection of the first receiving groove in a cross section orthogonal to the axial direction of the anchor rod is a circle or a polygon. There are multiple first receiving grooves, which are arranged around the center line of the anchor rod. Each first receiving groove is connected to a second component with a corresponding shape.

[0066] In some embodiments, the anchor rod 5 includes at least two tubular rod sections, adjacent rod sections are connected by a connecting sleeve 6. For example, the outer circumferential surface of the rod section is provided with external threads, and the inner circumferential surface of the connecting sleeve 6 is provided with internal threads adapted to the external threads.

[0067] like Figure 6 As shown, the right end of the left rod section is connected to the left end of the right rod section by a connecting sleeve 6, the drill bit 7 is set on the right end face of the first rod section, and the lock 1 and the drive unit 4 are set on the tail rod section.

[0068] The anchor bolt 5 consists of at least two tubular rod sections, which can reduce the length of the transport space and the length of the storage space for the anchor bolt 5, so as to facilitate the transport and storage of the anchor bolt 5. At the same time, it is also convenient for the operation of the drilling machine when drilling deep holes. First, the first rod section equipped with a drill bit is used to drill the hole, and when the previous rod section cannot be drilled down, the next rod section is connected by the connecting sleeve 6 to continue drilling.

[0069] It is understood that the structure of the anchor bolt 5 is not limited to consisting of at least two tubular rod sections; in other embodiments, the anchor bolt 5 may also be a one-piece structure.

[0070] In some embodiments, the lock 1 is detachably connected to the anchor rod 5 so that the lock 1 can be replaced. It is understood that the connection method between the lock 1 and the anchor rod 5 is not limited to this. For example, in other embodiments, the lock 1 may be fixedly mounted on the anchor rod 5 or may be an integral structure with the anchor rod 5.

[0071] In some embodiments, the anchoring assembly further includes a self-aligning ball pad 2 and an anchor rod tray 3, the self-aligning ball pad 2 being sleeved on the outer periphery of the anchor rod 5, and the self-aligning ball pad 2 being located on the side of the lock 1 facing the drive member 4. Figure 1 The right side of the lock 1 shown), the self-aligning ball pad 2 faces the end face of the drive member 4. Figure 1The right end face of the lock 1 shown is an arc-shaped surface. The anchor plate 3 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the anchor 5, and the anchor plate 3 is located between the drive component 4 and the self-aligning ball pad 2. The anchor plate 3 abuts against the arc-shaped surface of the self-aligning ball pad 2.

[0072] like Figure 1 As shown, the self-aligning ball pad 2 has a central hole extending in the left-right direction. The anchor rod 5 passes through the central hole and is mounted on the self-aligning ball pad 2. The left end face of the self-aligning ball pad 2 is flat and abuts against the right end face of the lock 1. The anchor rod tray 3 has a central hole extending in the left-right direction. The anchor rod 5 passes through the central hole and is mounted on the anchor rod tray 3. The anchor rod tray 3 is an arched tray, and its arched end face ( Figure 1 The left end face of the anchor tray 3 shown abuts against the arc-shaped surface of the self-aligning ball pad 2. At this time, the first component 8 and the side of the lock 1 facing the other end of the anchor 5 are indirectly abutted by the anchor tray 3 and the self-aligning ball pad 2. It can be understood that the shape of the anchor tray 3 is not limited to this. For example, in some other embodiments, the anchor tray 3 is a flat tray.

[0073] The anchor plate 3 abuts against the arc-shaped surface of the self-aligning ball pad 2, allowing the anchor plate 3 to rotate around the arc-shaped surface. This prevents the anchor 5 from being bent and damaged by bending moment during tensioning when the central axis of the anchor 5 is not perpendicular to the rock wall surface of the rock mass.

[0074] In other embodiments, the anchor bolt is set perpendicular to the rock face of the rock mass, the anchoring assembly does not have a self-aligning ball pad and anchor bolt tray, and the drive component directly abuts against the locking device.

[0075] In some embodiments, the end face of the other end of the anchor bolt 5 ( Figure 1 The right end face of the anchor rod 5 shown has an outlet, which is connected to the channel 51, and there is a gap between the drill bit 7 and the outlet.

[0076] During the construction of the anchoring components in the above embodiments, such as Figure 6-7 As shown, before the anchoring agent is injected into the borehole, the outlet of the anchor bolt 5 is located at the bottom of the borehole. Figure 6 (As shown at the right end of the borehole), the anchoring agent enters the borehole from the outlet through the gap between the drill bit 7 and the outlet, and then fills the borehole from the bottom upwards. During the filling process, the anchoring agent can completely fill the gap between the anchor rod 5 and the borehole wall. In related technologies, the anchoring agent is first injected into the borehole, and then the anchor rod is placed in the borehole. Anchoring is achieved after the anchor rod stirs the anchoring agent. In related technologies, the stirring action of the anchor rod will cause cavities to be generated in the anchoring agent, or when there are pits in the borehole wall, the anchoring agent will be stuck in the pits, resulting in cavities between the anchor rod and the borehole wall, which will lead to insufficient anchoring effect. However, the method of filling the anchoring agent from the bottom upwards of the borehole through the outlet will not have the above-mentioned drawbacks of related technologies.

[0077] Furthermore, since the anchor rod is already inside the borehole before the anchoring agent is injected, and the anchoring agent is filled from the bottom of the borehole upwards under pressure, even if the borehole collapses after the anchor rod is inside the borehole, the anchoring agent can still be injected into the voids, including the cracks formed by the collapse of the rock mass, through the channels and outlets to achieve anchoring of the anchor rod.

[0078] The gap between the drill bit and the outlet prevents the drill bit from obstructing the anchoring agent from entering the borehole from the outlet.

[0079] The outlet of the anchor bolt is not limited to being located on the right end face of the anchor bolt. In other embodiments, the outer peripheral wall of the anchor bolt is provided with multiple outlets evenly arranged along the axial direction of the anchor bolt. The anchoring agent is discharged from the multiple outlets and diffuses around the outlets to fill the gap between the anchor bolt and the borehole wall.

[0080] In some embodiments, the anchoring assembly further includes a mixer connected to the anchor bolt and located within the channel 51 of the anchor bolt 5, with the mixer adjacent to one end of the anchor bolt 5 (e.g., Figure 1 (Left end of anchor rod 5 shown). During the construction of the anchoring assembly, different components of the anchoring agent are injected into channel 51. The different components are mixed and stirred by the mixer when passing through it, and then discharged from the outlet. There is no need to drive the anchor rod to rotate and stir the anchoring agent, which reduces the complexity of construction.

[0081] The anchoring agent is not limited to being mixed and stirred by a mixer located in the channel. In some embodiments, the different components of the anchoring agent are stirred in a mixing device before being injected into the channel.

[0082] This embodiment also provides an anchoring method, which is implemented using the anchoring component described in the above embodiment of the present invention. The anchoring method includes the following steps:

[0083] The anchor rod 5 is driven to rotate around its axis, so that the drill bit 7 rotates synchronously to drill a borehole and place the anchor rod 5 inside the borehole, and the second component 9 abuts against the rock mass forming the borehole. The state after the steps are performed is as follows. Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the anchoring method of this invention uses the anchor rod 5 to drive the drill bit 7 to rotate synchronously to directly drill the hole, eliminating the need for a drill rod. The drill rod is then removed and placed back into the anchor rod, thereby saving construction time and reducing construction complexity.

[0084] Anchoring agent is injected into the borehole through channel 51 to anchor the anchor rod 5 within the borehole. The state after this step is as follows: Figure 7 As shown. The anchoring method of this embodiment of the invention injects anchoring agent into the gap between the anchor rod 5 and the borehole wall through the channel 51 on the anchor rod 5 to connect the anchor rod 5 and the rock mass. Compared with the related technology of manually injecting anchoring agent into the borehole and then mixing it, it reduces the complexity of construction and labor consumption.

[0085] The first component 8 is moved axially relative to the second component 9 in the anchor rod 5, so that the driving component 4 drives the locking device 1 to move away from the borehole to tension the anchor rod 5. The state after the step is performed is as follows. Figure 8 As shown.

[0086] The anchoring method of this embodiment uses a first component and a second component that are relatively far apart in the axial direction of the anchor rod. This allows the first component to push the locking device to move away from the rock mass, so that the locking device can drive the anchor rod to be tensioned and pre-tightened. Unlike related technologies, there is no need to install additional jacks to tension and pre-tighten the anchor cable. Therefore, the anchoring assembly of this embodiment has the advantages of simple construction process and high-quality automatic tensioning.

[0087] In some embodiments, the anchor rod 5 includes at least two rod sections. The steps of driving the anchor rod 5 to rotate about its axis to make the drill bit 7 rotate synchronously to drill a borehole and placing the anchor rod 5 in the borehole include: using a drilling rig to drive the first rod section equipped with the drill bit 7 to rotate about its axis; when the previous rod section cannot continue to drill, grabbing the next rod section by a robotic arm and connecting the next rod section to the previous rod section through a connecting sleeve 6; and driving the next rod section to rotate about its axis.

[0088] It is understood that the structure of the anchor bolt 5 is not limited to consisting of at least two sections; in other embodiments, the anchor bolt 5 may also be a single-piece structure.

[0089] In some embodiments, the step of driving the anchor bolt 5 to rotate about its axis to synchronously rotate the drill bit 7 to drill a borehole and placing the anchor bolt 5 inside the borehole includes: injecting a slag-removing medium, such as water or air, into the channel 51 through a passage provided in the drill box of the drilling rig; the slag-removing medium enters the borehole from the outlet and then returns. Upon returning, the slag-removing medium carries away the slag and soil generated during the drilling process, thereby discharging the slag and soil from the borehole.

[0090] In some embodiments, the step of driving the anchor 5 to rotate about its axis to drive the drill bit 7 and the drive member 4 to rotate, and driving the first member 8 to move axially relative to the second member 9 in the anchor 5 includes: triggering an expansion reaction of an expansion agent within a receiving cavity to drive the first member 8 and the second member 9 to move axially away from each other in the anchor 5.

[0091] The anchor rod 5 drives the drive component 4 to rotate, which mixes the expansion agent in the cavity 10 evenly, thereby triggering the expansion reaction after time T. Therefore, the drive component 4 can automatically tension and pre-tighten the anchor rod 5 without the need for a controlled mixing device or additional mixing steps to trigger the expansion reaction of the expansion agent, thus reducing the construction complexity of the anchoring assembly.

[0092] To prevent the expansion reaction from being triggered before the anchor bolt is fully anchored, the drive mechanism moves the anchor bolt in the direction it exits the borehole (e.g., Figure 7(As shown, it moves to the left), so within time T, the anchoring agent needs to be injected into the borehole through the channel so that the anchor rod can be anchored and tensioned.

[0093] In some embodiments, the step of injecting anchoring agent into the borehole through channel 51 includes: injecting different components of the anchoring agent into channel 51, and then, after passing through a mixer located in channel 51, entering from the outlet into the gap between the borehole wall and the anchor rod 5.

[0094] The different components of the anchoring agent are mixed and stirred by the mixer when passing through the mixer to form a non-Newtonian fluid, and then discharged from the outlet. There is no need to drive the anchor rod to rotate and stir the anchoring agent, which reduces the complexity of construction.

[0095] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "left", "right", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0096] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish components and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0097] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0098] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0099] Although the above embodiments have been shown and described, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Any changes, modifications, substitutions and variations made to the above embodiments by those skilled in the art are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anchoring assembly, characterized by, The anchor rod (5) has a channel (51) through the anchor rod (5) along the axial direction of the anchor rod (5); The lock (1) is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the anchor rod (5) and adjacent to one end of the anchor rod (5); The drill bit (7) is arranged on the other end of the anchor rod (5); The driving member (4) is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the anchor rod (5), and the driving member (4) comprises a first component (8) and a second component (9), the first component (8) abuts against the side of the lock (1) facing the other end of the anchor rod (5), the second component (9) is connected with the first component (8) and can move relatively in the axial direction of the anchor rod (5), the first component (8) is provided with a first accommodating groove (81), the second component (9) is provided with a second accommodating groove (91), the first accommodating groove (81) and the second accommodating groove (91) are communicated to form an accommodating cavity (10), the accommodating cavity (10) contains an expanding agent, the expanding agent is used to drive the relative movement of the first component (8) and the second component (9), when the anchor rod (5) is rotated to drill a hole, the driving member (4) rotates synchronously with the anchor rod (5) under the action of friction, so that the expanding agent in the accommodating cavity (10) is mixed uniformly; during the construction process of the anchoring assembly, when the drilling is completed, the second component (9) abuts against the rock wall surface of the rock mass, the first component (8) and the second component (9) move away from each other in the axial direction of the anchor rod (5), so that the first component (8) drives the lock to move away from the rock mass, so that the lock (1) drives the anchor rod (5) to be tensioned and pre-tightened. At least part of the first component (8) is located in the second accommodating groove (91), or at least part of the second component (9) is located in the first accommodating groove (81).

2. The anchoring assembly of claim 1, wherein, The driving member (4) has a through hole, the anchor rod (5) passes through the through hole of the driving member (4), and the inner wall surface of the driving member (4) is in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the anchor rod (5).

3. An anchoring assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The first accommodating groove (81) and the second accommodating groove (91) are annular grooves extending around the center line of the anchor rod (5).

4. The anchoring assembly of claim 2, wherein, Further comprising:

5. The anchoring assembly of claim 1, wherein, The self-aligning ball pad (2) is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the anchor rod (5), and the self-aligning ball pad (2) is located on the side of the lock (1) facing the driving member (4), and the end face of the self-aligning ball pad (2) facing the driving member (4) is an arc surface; The anchor rod tray (3) is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the anchor rod (5), and the anchor rod tray (3) is located between the driving member (4) and the self-aligning ball pad (2), and the anchor rod tray (3) abuts against the arc surface of the self-aligning ball pad (2). The other end of the anchor rod (5) is provided with an outlet, the outlet is communicated with the channel (51), and the drill bit (7) has a gap with the outlet.

6. The anchoring assembly of claim 1, wherein, ​ 7. The anchoring assembly of claim 1, wherein, The anchor rod (5) comprises at least two rod sections, adjacent rod sections being connected by a connecting sleeve (6).

8. A method of anchoring, characterized by The anchoring method is implemented by using the anchoring assembly according to any one of claims 1-7, and comprises the following steps: driving the anchor rod (5) to rotate around its axis to synchronously rotate the drill bit (7) to drill a borehole and place the anchor rod (5) in the borehole, and to abut the second member (9) against the rock mass forming the borehole; injecting anchoring agent into the borehole through the channel (51) to anchor the anchor rod (5) in the borehole; driving the first member (8) to move relative to the second member (9) in the axial direction of the anchor rod (5) to drive the driving member (4) to move the lockset (1) away from the borehole to tension the anchor rod (5).

9. The anchoring method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The driving of the anchor rod (5) to rotate around its axis drives the rotation of the drill bit (7) and the driving member (4); The driving of the first member (8) to move relative to the second member (9) in the axial direction of the anchor rod (5) comprises triggering the expansion reaction of the expansion agent in the accommodation cavity to drive the first member (8) and the second member (9) to relatively move away in the axial direction of the anchor rod (5); The injecting of the anchoring agent into the borehole through the channel (51) comprises injecting different components of the anchoring agent into the channel (51) and entering the gap between the borehole wall and the anchor rod (5) from the outlet after passing through the flow mixer located in the channel (51).

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