Fire flashback test box and use method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a fire flashback test box and a method of using the same, which solves the technical problem of the lack of a corresponding visualized flashback box for simulating the fire flashback environment and studying the influence of open air intake. The present invention comprises a test box, a box door detachably arranged on the front of the test box and a flashback door detachably arranged on the back of the test box; a card slot group is arranged in the test box, the box door is provided with a window, a plurality of flashback windows and flashback window doors are arranged on the flashback door, and the outer walls of the box door and the flashback door are provided with fastening mechanisms. When in use, the box door is opened, a fireproof board is installed, combustibles are placed and ignited, the box door and the flashback door are closed after the flashback door is replaced, and the flashback door is opened when the seal reaches the flashback condition to allow the flashback to be re-ignited. The present invention has a simple structure, a scientific and reasonable design, and is easy to use. It guides rescue operations by simulating a fire flashback test in a high-temperature visualized closed test box, and optimizes rescue methods by tests with different air intake openings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fire prevention training, and in particular relates to a fire flashback test box and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The flashback phenomenon is an important special fire behavior in indoor fires. Flashback is defined as "a rapid deflagration process that occurs when oxygen flows into a room filled with incomplete combustion products." During a fire in a building with limited ventilation, the fresh air supply is insufficient to meet the requirements for accelerated combustion, and the combustion will gradually enter an oxygen-deficient combustion state. At this time, the hot smoke in the building will contain a large amount of combustible components. If fresh air suddenly enters for some reason (sudden opening of the door or sudden breakage of window glass, etc.), the hot smoke will burn extremely intensely, the indoor temperature will rise rapidly, and the initial fire will be transformed into a flashover or deflagration. When the flame spreads to the outside of the room, it will ignite the mixed gas outside the room to form a huge fireball or shock wave. This is the flashback phenomenon in building fires.

[0003] The flashback phenomenon threatens human safety, especially the safety of firefighters, due to its suddenness and strong destructiveness. The sudden rise in pressure can cause the collapse of a local enclosed space, and firefighters may also be injured by sudden shock waves, flames and hot smoke. The occurrence of flashback usually requires the following conditions: first, ventilation-controlled fire; second, a large amount of unburned gas accumulates in the burning room; third, air flows in when the doors and windows are opened; and fourth, the inflowing air and smoke form a premixed gas area. During the firefighting and rescue process, firefighters will deliberately break windows to exhaust smoke. At this time, outside air flows in, smoke is ignited, and a fireball is shot out from the opening. At this time, diffuse flames and premixed flames will appear. Therefore, air inflow from the opening of doors and windows is a necessary condition for firefighting and rescue. Relevant studies have shown that different opening forms and air intake airflows at opening positions have a significant impact on flashback. However, in current fire drills, training or fire research, there is no flashback device that is used to guide the key points of rescue operations and improve rescue methods for the purpose of studying air inflow.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention provides a fire flashback test box and a method of use, which guides rescue operations and optimizes rescue methods by simulating high-temperature visualized closed test boxes to simulate fire flashback tests and different air intake opening structures. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a fire flashback test box and a method of use, so as to solve the technical problem that there is a lack of a corresponding visual flashback box for simulating a fire flashback environment and studying the influence of open air intake.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A fire flashback test box includes a test box body, a box door detachably arranged on the front side of the test box body, and a flashback door detachably arranged on the back side of the test box body; the test box body is provided with a plurality of card slot groups for installing fireproof panels, the box door is detachably provided with a window for convenient observation from the outside, the flashback door is provided with a plurality of flashback windows for air intake and a plurality of flashback window doors hinged to one side of the flashback windows, and the outer walls of the box door and the flashback door are provided with a fastening mechanism fixed to the test box body.

[0008] Furthermore, the slot group includes a first slot and a second slot which are arranged in parallel on each inner wall of the test box, and both sides of the fireproof board are slidably embedded in the first slot and the second slot respectively.

[0009] Furthermore, a plurality of connecting sleeves are provided on the sides of the box door and the backdraft door, and a plurality of sleeve groups correspondingly connected to the connecting sleeves are provided on the side of the test box body;

[0010] The sleeve group includes a first sleeve and a second sleeve distributed vertically, a spacing is provided between the first sleeve and the second sleeve, and the length of the spacing is greater than the height of the connecting sleeve. Each connecting sleeve is arranged between the corresponding first sleeve and the second sleeve and fixed by a pin.

[0011] Furthermore, a window mounting groove matching the window is opened on the box door, and a retaining edge surrounding the window mounting groove is provided on the inner wall of the box door. The window is embedded in the window mounting groove and fixed by aluminum alloy mounting parts and retaining edge bolts. The window is made of heat-resistant glass.

[0012] Furthermore, the outer walls of the box door and the flashback door are respectively provided with an upper wing plate, a lower wing plate, a left wing plate and a right wing plate for increasing the pressure bearing capacity.

[0013] Further, the fastening mechanism includes a first fixing sleeve arranged on the outer wall of the box door or the flashback door, a first fastening rod sleeved in the first fixing sleeve and inserted between the upper wing plate and the lower wing plate, a first locking hook and a second locking hook respectively arranged at the top and bottom ends of the first fastening rod, a fixing plate arranged on the first fastening rod, a rotating handle hinged on the fixing plate, and a first locking mechanism arranged on the outer wall of the box door or the flashback door for locking the rotating handle;

[0014] A first lock column rotatably connected to the first lock hook is provided on the top of the test box, and a second lock column rotatably connected to the second lock hook is provided on the bottom;

[0015] The first locking mechanism includes a first screw rod arranged on the outer wall of the box door or the flashback door, a locking ring sleeved on the screw rod, and a first fastening nut threadedly connected to the first screw rod for fastening the locking ring.

[0016] Further, the backdraft windows are three rectangular openings evenly distributed in rows or columns, each backdraft window corresponds to a backdraft window door, and the area of ​​the backdraft window door is larger than the area of ​​the backdraft window;

[0017] The backfire door is provided with a first closing mechanism for locking the backfire window and the backfire window door. The first closing mechanism includes a fixing part provided on the backfire door, a fastener and a clamping handle respectively hinged on the fixing part, and a rotating part whose two ends are respectively hinged to the middle end of the fastener and the middle end of the clamping handle. A fastening column is provided at the end of the fastener, and a rubber sleeve is provided on the fastening column.

[0018] Furthermore, the backdraft windows are nine rectangular openings distributed in a 3×3 pattern, each backdraft window corresponds to a backdraft window door, the backdraft window door area is larger than the backdraft window area, and the outer walls of the backdraft window door are respectively provided with an upper window wing, a lower window wing, a left window wing and a right window wing;

[0019] The flashback window and door are provided with a second closing mechanism for locking the flashback window and the flashback window and door, the second closing mechanism comprises a second fixing sleeve provided on the flashback window and door, a second fastening rod sleeved on the second fixing sleeve and inserted between the upper window wing and the lower window wing, a rotating gripping rod provided on the second fastening rod, a third locking hook and a fourth locking hook respectively provided at the top and bottom ends of the second fastening rod, and a second locking mechanism provided on the flashback window and door for locking the rotating gripping rod, an upper locking column rotatably connected to the third locking hook is provided at the top of the flashback window, and a lower locking column rotatably connected to the fourth locking hook is provided at the bottom;

[0020] The second locking mechanism comprises a second screw rod arranged on the outer wall of the flashback window door, a blocking piece sleeved on the second screw rod and a second fastening nut threadedly connected to the second screw rod for fastening the blocking piece.

[0021] Furthermore, sealing grooves are provided on the inner walls of the box door, the backdraft door and the backdraft window door, and sealing rings are provided in the sealing grooves. The sealing rings are flexible graphite gaskets, and foot brake-type universal wheels are provided at the four corners of the bottom of the test box.

[0022] A method for using a fire backdraft test box. When using the box, open the box door, install fireproof panels on each slot group of the test box body respectively, then place combustibles on the bottom fireproof panel, replace the backdraft door of the structure required for the test and ignite it, close the box door and the backdraft door, and manually operate the fastening mechanisms on the box door and the backdraft door so that the two doors are sealed and the outside air cannot enter; when the test box body reaches the required backdraft conditions, open the backdraft window door on the backdraft door to allow the outside air to enter the test box body through the opened backdraft window, and a backdraft reaction occurs.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The present invention has a simple structure, a scientific and reasonable design, and is easy to use. It solves the technical problem of the lack of a corresponding visual flashback box for simulating a fire flashback environment and studying the influence of open air intake. It guides rescue operations by simulating a high-temperature visual closed test box to simulate a fire flashback test, and optimizes rescue methods through tests with different air intake openings.

[0025] The present invention includes a test box, a box door and a backfire door, which can effectively simulate the high-temperature closed environment of fire backfire and be used to explore the influence of different opening forms and opening positions on the backfire of intake airflow, and facilitate the teaching and observation of test phenomena by outside firefighters through the window, so as to provide corresponding rescue training and method optimization for actual fire rescue. When in use, open the box door, install the fireproof board on each slot group of the test box respectively, and then place the combustible material on the bottom fireproof board, and at the same time replace the backfire door of the structure required for the test and ignite it, close the box door and the backfire door, and manually operate the fastening mechanism on the box door and the backfire door, so that the two doors are sealed and closed until the outside air cannot enter; when the test box reaches the required conditions for backfire, that is, the test box is filled with a large amount of combustible components, open the backfire window on the backfire door to allow the outside air to enter the test box through the opened backfire window, and a backfire reaction occurs. Outsiders can observe the whole process in the test box through the window, which is convenient for visual safety teaching.

[0026] The detachable installation structure of the box door and the flashback door of the present invention expands the application range and service life of the overall device, and makes each component easy to repair and replace. In particular, the flashback door can be used for airflow impact tests of different openings, so as to optimize the rescue method. The flashback windows are divided into two layouts, one is three rectangular openings evenly distributed in rows or columns, and the other is nine rectangular openings distributed in a 3×3 pattern. The flashback windows of the two window distributions are both provided with corresponding flashback windows and doors, wherein the flashback doors distributed in rows and columns are provided with a first closing mechanism, and the flashback windows and doors are sealed by rotating hinges; the flashback windows distributed in a rectangular array are provided with a second closing mechanism, and the second closing mechanism is similar in structure to the fastening mechanism, and the flashback windows and doors are pressed by applying force through the second fastening rod, so as to achieve a sealing operation.

[0027] The outer walls of the box door and the flashback door of the present invention are both provided with a fastening mechanism fixed to the test box. When the box door or the flashback door is closed, the first fastening rod is rotated until the first locking hook and the second locking hook at both ends thereof are respectively interlocked with the first locking column and the second locking column at the upper and lower ends of the test box to lock the flashback door; then the rotating handle on the first fastening rod is manually rotated to be embedded in the first locking mechanism and a second reinforcement and locking is performed. The above-mentioned fastening method uses the first fastening rod to reinforce at the upper, middle and lower points when the box door or the flashback door is closed, thereby ensuring the airtightness of the internal flashback and providing stable conditions for the test. In addition, the inner walls of the box door, the flashback door and the flashback window door are all provided with high temperature resistant sealing rings to further strengthen the sealing and isolation of the test box and provide more stringent conditions for the flashback. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a closed front view of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a closed view of the back side of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 This is an enlarged view of the card slot assembly.

[0032] Figure 5 This is an enlarged view of the sleeve connection between the box door or flashback door and the test box body.

[0033] Figure 6 Zoom in on the viewport.

[0034] Figure 7 This is an enlarged view of the fastening mechanism.

[0035] Figure 8 It is a side view of the fastening of the rotating handle and the first screw rod - locking ring - first fastening nut.

[0036] Fig. 9 It is the first structure of the backfire door.

[0037] Fig.10 This is the second backfire door structure.

[0038] Fig.11 It is a top view of the first closing mechanism.

[0039] Fig.12 It is the backfire door structure three.

[0040] Fig.13 This is an enlarged view of the second closing mechanism.

[0041] Fig.14 It is a cross-sectional view of a box door, a backdraft door or a backdraft window door.

[0042] The names corresponding to the reference numerals are:

[0043] 1-test box, 2-box door, 3-backfire door, 4-window, 5-backfire window, 6-backfire window door, 7-first slot, 8-second slot, 9-connecting sleeve, 10-first sleeve, 11-second sleeve, 12-pin, 13-window mounting slot, 14-rib, 15-aluminum alloy mounting part, 16-upper wing plate, 17-lower wing plate, 18-left wing plate, 19-right wing plate, 20-first fixed sleeve, 21-first fastening rod, 22-first lock hook, 23-second lock hook, 24-fixed plate, 25-rotating handle, 26-first lock column, 27-second lock column, 2 8-first screw rod, 29-locking ring, 30-first fastening nut, 31-fixing part, 32-fastening part, 33-clamping handle, 34-rotating part, 35-fastening column, 36-rubber sleeve, 37-upper window wing, 38-lower window wing, 39-left window wing, 40-right window wing, 41-second fixed sleeve, 42-second fastening rod, 43-rotating grip rod, 44-third locking hook, 45-fourth locking hook, 46-second screw rod, 47-blocking piece, 48-second fastening nut, 49-upper locking column, 50-lower locking column, 51-sealing ring, 52-foot brake universal wheel, 53-sealing groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore they cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0046] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; of course, it can also be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; in addition, it can also be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0047] like Figure 1-14 As shown, the fire flashback test box provided by the present invention has a simple structure, scientific and reasonable design, and is easy to use. It solves the technical problem of the lack of corresponding visual flashback boxes for simulating fire flashback environments and studying the influence of open air intake. It guides rescue operations by simulating high-temperature visual closed test boxes to simulate fire flashback tests, and optimizes rescue methods through tests with different air intake openings.

[0048] The present invention includes a test box 1, a box door 2 and a backdraft door 3, which can effectively simulate the high-temperature closed environment of fire backdraft and be used to explore the influence of different opening forms and opening positions of air intake airflow on backdraft, and provide corresponding rescue training and method optimization for actual fire rescue. When in use, open the box door 2, install the fireproof panels on each slot group of the test box 1 respectively, and then place the combustibles on the bottom fireproof panels, and at the same time replace the backdraft door of the structure required for the test and ignite it, close the box door 2 and the backdraft door 3, and manually operate the fastening mechanism on the box door 2 and the backdraft door 3 so that the two doors are sealed and closed until the outside air cannot enter; when the test box 1 meets the conditions required for backdraft, that is, the test box 1 is filled with a large amount of combustible components, open the backdraft window door 6 on the backdraft door 3 at this time to allow the outside air to enter the test box 1 through the opened backdraft window 5, and a backdraft reaction occurs.

[0049] The present invention has a high temperature resistance function. A plurality of slot groups are arranged in the test box 1. The slot groups include a first slot 7 and a second slot 8 arranged in parallel to the inner walls of the test box 1. The first slot 7 and the second slot 8 can be used for the installation of the fireproof board. Since the high temperature generated by the fire has great damage to the entire structure, the fireproof board is fixed by the slot group, which avoids the direct baking of the test box 1 by the high temperature and prolongs the service life of the test box 1.

[0050] The present invention has the function of two doors being detachable and replaceable. The sides of the box door 2 and the backfire door 3 are both provided with a plurality of connecting sleeves 9. The side of the test box body 1 is provided with a plurality of sleeve groups corresponding to the connecting sleeves 9. The sleeve group includes a first sleeve 10 and a second sleeve 11 distributed vertically. A spacing is provided between the first sleeve 10 and the second sleeve 11, and the length of the spacing is greater than the height of the connecting sleeve 9. Each connecting sleeve 9 is provided between the corresponding first sleeve 10 and the second sleeve 11 and fixed by a pin 12. The detachable sleeve structure is convenient for replacing the box door 2 and the backfire door 3 damaged under multiple high temperature tests on the one hand, and is also convenient for replacing the backfire door 3 with different backfire window 5 structures in the open air intake test on the other hand.

[0051] The present invention has a visualization function. The box door 2 is detachably provided with a window 4. The box door 2 is provided with a window mounting groove 13 adapted to the window 4. The inner wall of the box door 2 is provided with a retaining edge 14 surrounding the window mounting groove 13. The window 4 is embedded in the window mounting groove 13 and is fixed to the retaining edge 14 by bolts of an aluminum alloy mounting member 15. The window 5 is convenient for outside firefighters to directly observe the occurrence process of the fire in the test box 1 and the backfire phenomenon. The window 4 is made of heat-resistant glass and can withstand the high temperature inside. The smoke and combustible particles generated by the fire inside the test box 1 will contaminate the surface of the window 4, produce dirt and cause sight obstruction. The above-mentioned detachable structure facilitates the replacement and cleaning of the window 4.

[0052] The present invention has a sealing and fastening function, and the outer walls of the box door 2 and the backfire door 3 are both provided with a fastening mechanism fixed to the test box body 1. The fastening mechanism includes a first fixed sleeve 20 provided on the outer wall of the box door 2 or the backfire door 3, a first fastening rod 21 sleeved in the first fixed sleeve 20, a first locking hook 22 and a second locking hook 23 respectively provided at the top and bottom ends of the first fastening rod 21, a fixing plate 24 provided on the first fastening rod 21, a rotating handle 25 hinged on the fixing plate 24, and a first locking mechanism provided on the outer wall of the box door 2 or the backfire door 3 for locking the rotating handle 25; the first locking mechanism includes a first screw rod 28 provided on the outer wall of the box door 2 or the backfire door 3, a locking ring 29 sleeved on the screw rod 28, and a first fastening nut 30 threadedly connected to the first screw 28 for fastening the locking ring 29; the top and bottom of the test box body 1 are respectively provided with a first locking column 26 and a second locking column 27 for fixedly cooperating with the first locking hook 22 and the second locking hook 23. When the box door 2 or the backfire door 3 is closed, the first fastening rod 21 is rotated until the first locking hooks 22 and the second locking hooks 23 at both ends thereof are respectively locked with the first locking columns 26 and the second locking columns 27 at the upper and lower ends of the test box body 1, thereby locking the box door 2 or the backfire door 3; then the rotating handle 25 on the first fastening rod 21 is manually rotated to the inner side of the locking ring 29 on the first screw 28, and then the outer first fastening nut 30 is rotated to lock the rotating handle 25. When the box door 2 or the backfire door 3 is closed, the fastening mechanism uses the first fastening rod 21 to reinforce the upper, middle and lower points of the door body, thereby ensuring the internal airtightness and providing stable conditions for the test. In addition, the inner walls of the box door 2, the backfire door 3 and the backfire window door 6 are all provided with sealing grooves 53, and sealing rings 51 are provided in the sealing grooves 53 to enhance the sealing of the gaps of the test box 1, ensure that the outside air cannot enter, and provide the necessary oxygen-free conditions for backfire. The sealing ring 51 is a flexible graphite gasket made of scale graphite, which can withstand a high temperature of 1650° C. and fully meet the internal high temperature environment from fire to backdraft.

[0053] The present invention has pressure resistance. The outer walls of the box door 2 and the backfire door 3 are respectively provided with an upper wing plate 16, a lower wing plate 17, a left wing plate 18 and a right wing plate 19. The wing plates can increase the pressure-bearing capacity of the box door 2 or the backfire door 3, so that the box door 2 or the backfire door 3 is sufficient to withstand the pressure inside the test box 1.

[0054] The present invention has the function of exploring the intake airflow, and uses the backfire window 5 set on the backfire door 3 to explore the influence of intake airflow of different opening forms and opening positions on the backfire, so as to optimize the rescue method. The backfire window 5 is divided into two layouts, one is three rectangular openings evenly distributed in rows or columns, and the other is nine rectangular openings distributed in 3×3. Under the two layouts, each backfire window 5 corresponds to a backfire window door 6, and the area of ​​the backfire window door 6 is larger than that of the backfire window 5; at the same time, the two different distributions of the backfire windows 5 have different locking mechanisms with the backfire window door 6.

[0055] The three flashback windows 5 are evenly distributed in rows or columns, and the closing mechanism is a first closing mechanism provided on the flashback door 3. The first closing mechanism includes a fixing member 31 provided on the flashback door 3, a fastener 32 and a clamping handle 33 respectively hinged on the fixing member 31, and a rotating member 34 whose two ends are respectively hinged to the middle end of the fastener 32 and the middle end of the clamping handle 33. A fastening column 35 is provided at the end of the fastener 32, and a rubber sleeve 36 is provided on the fastening column 35. When the flashback window 6 is closed, the clamping handle 33 is manually rotated to one side of the flashback window 6. At this time, the clamping handle 33 drives the rotating member 34 hinged thereto to rotate, and the rotating member 34 drives the fastener 32 hinged thereto to rotate until the fastening column 35 on the fastener 32 vertically presses the flashback window 6. The fastening column 35 is preferably connected to the fastener 32 by bolts, and the rubber sleeve 12 on the fastening column 35 increases the pressing area and friction. The outer end of the clamping handle 33 can also be used to fit a metal rod, and the user completes the tightening of the first closing mechanism by rotating the metal rod, thereby saving effort by using the lever principle.

[0056] There are nine flashback windows 5 distributed in a 3×3 pattern, and the outer walls of the flashback window door 6 are respectively provided with an upper window wing 37 , a lower window wing 38 , a left window wing 39 and a right window wing 40 , and the closing mechanism is a second closing mechanism provided on the flashback door 3 . The second closing mechanism includes a second fixed sleeve 41 arranged on the flashback window 6, a second fastening rod 42 which is sleeved on the second fixed sleeve 41 and passed through the upper window wing 37 and the lower window wing 38, a rotating handle 43 arranged on the second fastening rod 42, a third locking hook 44 and a fourth locking hook 45 which are respectively arranged at the top and bottom ends of the second fastening rod 42, and a second locking mechanism arranged on the flashback window 6 for locking the rotating handle 43, the second locking mechanism includes a second screw 46 arranged on the outer wall of the flashback window 6, a baffle 47 sleeved on the second screw 46 and a second fastening nut 48 which is threadedly connected to the second screw 46 for fastening the baffle 47; an upper locking column 49 and a lower locking column 50 which are fixedly cooperated with the third locking hook 44 and the fourth locking hook 45 are respectively arranged at the top and bottom of the flashback window 5. The closing and tightening principle of the second closing mechanism is similar to that of the tightening mechanism, and the second tightening rod 42 presses the flashback window 6 and reinforces it at the upper, middle and lower points. The operation is as follows: rotate the second tightening rod 42 until the third locking hook 44 and the fourth locking hook 45 at both ends thereof are respectively connected to the upper locking column 49 and the lower locking column 50 at the upper and lower ends of the flashback window 5, thereby locking the flashback window 6; then connect the rotating grip rod 43 with the second screw rod 46, and then manually rotate the second tightening nut 48 until the baffle 47 locks the rotating grip rod 43. The rotating grip rod 43 is preferably an integrated rod body of a straight rod and a curved rod, wherein the straight rod is connected to the second locking mechanism, and the curved rod is convenient for the operator to apply force.

[0057] The present invention is also mobile and fixed. The four corners of the bottom of the test box 1 are respectively provided with foot-brake type universal wheels 52, which are convenient for carrying and moving the entire device and fixing it during use.

[0058] A method for using a fire backdraft test box. When using the box, open the box door, install fireproof panels on each slot group of the test box body respectively, then place combustibles on the bottom fireproof panel, replace the backdraft door of the structure required for the test and ignite it, close the box door and the backdraft door, and manually operate the fastening mechanisms on the box door and the backdraft door so that the two doors are sealed and the outside air cannot enter; when the test box body reaches the required backdraft conditions, open the backdraft window door on the backdraft door to allow the outside air to enter the test box body through the opened backdraft window, and a backdraft reaction occurs.

[0059] The above method can well demonstrate fire flashback, and outside personnel can observe the whole process inside the test chamber through the window, which is convenient for visual safety teaching.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than limiting them, and certainly not limiting the patent scope of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. In other words, any changes or modifications made to the main design concept and spirit of the present invention that have no substantive significance, and the technical problems they solve are still consistent with the present invention, should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, the direct or indirect application of the technical solutions of the present invention in other related technical fields is also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fire flashback test chamber, characterized in that: The invention comprises a test box (1), a box door (2) detachably arranged on the front of the test box (1), and a backfire door (3) detachably arranged on the back of the test box (1); the test box (1) is provided with a plurality of slot groups for installing fireproof panels, the box door (2) is detachably provided with a viewing window (4) for convenient observation from the outside, the backfire door (3) is provided with a plurality of backfire windows (5) for air intake and a plurality of backfire window doors (6) hingedly connected to one side of the backfire windows (5), and the outer walls of the box door (2) and the backfire door (3) are both provided with a fastening mechanism fixed to the test box (1); The slot group comprises a first slot (7) and a second slot (8) which are arranged parallel to each inner wall of the test box (1), and the two sides of the fireproof board are slidably embedded in the first slot (7) and the second slot (8) respectively; The outer walls of the box door (2) and the backfire door (3) are respectively provided with an upper wing plate (16), a lower wing plate (17), a left wing plate (18) and a right wing plate (19) for increasing the pressure bearing capacity; The fastening mechanism comprises a first fixing sleeve (20) arranged on the outer wall of the box door (2) or the backfire door (3), a first fastening rod (21) sleeved in the first fixing sleeve (20) and inserted between the upper wing plate (16) and the lower wing plate (17), a first locking hook (22) and a second locking hook (23) respectively arranged at the top and bottom ends of the first fastening rod (21), a fixing plate (24) arranged on the first fastening rod (21), a rotating handle (25) hinged on the fixing plate (24), and a first locking mechanism arranged on the outer wall of the box door (2) or the backfire door (3) for locking the rotating handle (25); The top of the test box (1) is provided with a first lock column (26) rotatably connected to the first lock hook (22), and the bottom is provided with a second lock column (27) rotatably connected to the second lock hook (23); The first locking mechanism comprises a first screw rod (28) arranged on the outer wall of the box door (2) or the backfire door (3), a locking ring (29) sleeved on the first screw rod (28), and a first fastening nut (30) threadedly connected to the first screw rod (28) for fastening the locking ring (29).

2. A fire flashback test chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of connecting sleeves (9) are provided on the sides of the chamber door (2) and the backfire door (3), and a plurality of sleeve groups correspondingly connected to the connecting sleeves (9) are provided on the side of the test chamber body (1); The sleeve assembly comprises a first sleeve (10) and a second sleeve (11) which are vertically distributed. A spacing is provided between the first sleeve (10) and the second sleeve (11), and the length of the spacing is greater than the height of the connecting sleeve (9). Each connecting sleeve (9) is provided between the corresponding first sleeve (10) and the second sleeve (11) and is fixed by a pin (12).

3. A fire flashback test chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: A window mounting groove (13) matched with the window (4) is provided on the box door (2), a retaining edge (14) surrounding the window mounting groove (13) is provided on the inner wall of the box door (2), the window (4) is embedded in the window mounting groove (13) and fixed to the retaining edge (14) by bolts of an aluminum alloy mounting piece (15), and the window (4) is made of heat-resistant glass.

4. A fire flashback test chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The backdraft windows (5) are three rectangular openings evenly distributed in rows or columns, each backdraft window (5) corresponds to a backdraft window door (6), and the area of ​​the backdraft window door (6) is larger than the area of ​​the backdraft window (5); The backfire door (3) is provided with a first closing mechanism for locking the backfire window (5) and the backfire window door (6), the first closing mechanism comprising a fixing member (31) provided on the backfire door (3), a fastener (32) and a clamping handle (33) respectively hinged on the fixing member (31), and a rotating member (34) having two ends respectively hinged to the middle end of the fastener (32) and the middle end of the clamping handle (33), a fastening column (35) is provided at the end of the fastener (32), and a rubber sleeve (36) is provided on the fastening column (35).

5. The fire flashback test chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The backdraft windows (5) are nine rectangular openings distributed in a 3×3 pattern. Each backdraft window (5) corresponds to a backdraft window door (6). The area of ​​the backdraft window door (6) is larger than the area of ​​the backdraft window (5). The outer walls of the backdraft window door (6) are respectively provided with an upper window wing (37), a lower window wing (38), a left window wing (39) and a right window wing (40). The flashback window (6) is provided with a second closing mechanism for locking the flashback window (5) and the flashback window (6), the second closing mechanism comprising a second fixing sleeve (41) provided on the flashback window (6), a second fastening rod (42) sleeved on the second fixing sleeve (41) and inserted between the upper window wing (37) and the lower window wing (38), a rotating gripping rod (43) provided on the second fastening rod (42), a third locking hook (44) and a fourth locking hook (45) respectively provided at the top and bottom ends of the second fastening rod (42), and a second locking mechanism provided on the flashback window (6) for locking the rotating gripping rod (43), an upper locking column (49) rotatably connected to the third locking hook (44) is provided at the top of the flashback window (5), and a lower locking column (50) rotatably connected to the fourth locking hook (45) is provided at the bottom; The second locking mechanism comprises a second screw rod (46) arranged on the outer wall of the flashback window (6), a blocking piece (47) sleeved on the second screw rod (46), and a second fastening nut (48) threadedly connected to the second screw rod (46) for fastening the blocking piece (47).

6. The fire flashback test chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner walls of the chamber door (2), the backdraft door (3) and the backdraft window door (6) are all provided with sealing grooves (53), and a sealing ring (51) is provided in the sealing groove (53). The sealing ring (51) is a flexible graphite gasket, and foot brake-type universal wheels (52) are respectively provided at the four corners of the bottom of the test chamber (1).

7. The method for using a fire flashback test chamber according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: When in use, open the box door, install the fireproof panels on each slot group of the test box respectively, and then place the combustibles on the bottom fireproof panel. At the same time, replace the backdraft door of the structure required for the test and ignite it, close the box door and the backdraft door, and manually operate the fastening mechanism on the box door and the backdraft door to make the two doors sealed so that the outside air cannot enter; wait until the test box meets the required conditions for backdraft, then open the backdraft window on the backdraft door to allow outside air to enter the test box through the opened backdraft window, causing a backdraft reaction.

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