A whirling pressure hull equivalent simulation test device and test method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a cyclotron pressure hull equivalent simulation test device, including a base, a wall structure is provided on the upper end surface of the base, a groove is provided at the lower end of the wall structure, an equivalent sample is provided above the groove, a pressure cap is provided above the equivalent sample, the lower end of the pressure cap matches the inner contour of the wall structure, an equivalent medium is provided between the pressure cap and the equivalent sample, and the equivalent sample is pressed by the lower end of the pressure cap, an infrared detector is provided at the position of the equivalent sample on the outer side of the wall structure, a laser rangefinder and a CCD industrial microscope are provided in the groove of the base; an A / D converter, an industrial computer, a data acquisition device, a D / A converter, a monitor and a driver are also provided; and a cyclotron pressure hull equivalent simulation test method is also disclosed. The device does not require a complete pressure hull and a water pressure environment, and while ensuring a true simulated water pressure test, it saves costs, materials, energy and manpower, simplifies the test equipment, and can observe and record the fatigue crack extension inside the test piece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of marine equipment, and in particular to a rotating pressure hull equivalent simulation test device and a test method. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of science and technology, human beings have an increasingly strong demand for the exploration and development of marine resources. The exploration of the ocean is based on the research and development of deep-sea equipment. Manned submersibles still occupy a core position in the development of deep-sea technology equipment. The future technical trend of submersibles is mainly focused on challenging the maximum depth of the ocean, which requires continuous breakthroughs in improving the reliability of pressure chambers. Therefore, the research and development of simulated marine environment test equipment is very important. Marine environment simulation test equipment can effectively reduce the cost and cycle of marine equipment research and development.

[0003] Scientific experiments are indispensable for the study of pressure chambers, among which "simulating real seawater pressure experiments" is one of the most important experiments in the entire scientific experiment. Usually, to simulate seawater pressure tests, it is necessary to manufacture a sealed pressure chamber, put the pressure hull model into the chamber, and inject high-pressure water to simulate the pressure of seawater on the outer surface of the pressure hull. However, water pressure tests often require a complete pressure hull model to be implemented, which makes problems such as water pressure tests on pressure hulls difficult. If a large pressure hull is used for experiments, it will be difficult to transport it, and the requirements for experimental sites and water pressure test equipment are higher. Even oversized pressure hulls may not be able to find suitable equipment to meet the experimental requirements, especially for fatigue experiments, which consumes huge financial, human and material resources. Some fatigue experiments use standard specimens, which can only obtain the fatigue properties of the pressure hull material, and cannot accurately obtain the data parameters of the complete pressure hull water pressure fatigue. In summary, the current fatigue experiments of pressure hulls mainly face the following problems:

[0004] (1) The water ballast tank test has strict requirements on the sealing performance of the equipment;

[0005] (2) Fatigue cracks mostly propagate on the inner surface of the specimen, and existing simulation test equipment can only observe cracks on the outer surface of the specimen;

[0006] (3) The test chamber in the water pressure simulation test equipment has a high pressure and high sealing requirements. Placing the observation equipment in it is likely to cause damage to the observation equipment;

[0007] (4) Water pressure test equipment consumes a lot of energy, consumes a lot of materials, and has high experimental costs. Summary of the invention

[0008] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the shortcomings of the background technology, the first purpose of the present invention is to disclose a rotating pressure hull equivalent simulation test device; the second purpose is to disclose a rotating pressure hull equivalent simulation test method using the above device.

[0009] Technical solution: The equivalent simulation test device for a swivelling pressure hull disclosed in the present invention comprises a base installed on a pressure fatigue machine platform, the upper end surface of the base is provided with a surrounding wall structure, the base is provided with a groove corresponding to the lower end of the surrounding wall structure, an equivalent sample is provided above the groove, a pressure cap clamped by an actuator on the pressure fatigue machine is provided above the equivalent sample, the lower end of the pressure cap is consistent with the inner contour of the surrounding wall structure, an equivalent medium is provided between the pressure cap and the equivalent sample, and is pressed on the equivalent sample through the lower end of the pressure cap, an infrared detector is provided on the outer side of the surrounding wall structure corresponding to the position of the equivalent sample, and the groove of the base is provided with a pressure cap clamped by an actuator on the pressure fatigue machine, and the lower end of the pressure cap is consistent with the inner contour of the surrounding wall structure, an equivalent medium is provided between the pressure cap and the equivalent sample, and an infrared detector is provided on the outer side of the surrounding wall structure corresponding to the position of the equivalent sample, and the groove of the base is provided with a pressure cap clamped by an actuator on the pressure fatigue machine. A laser rangefinder and a CCD industrial microscope are arranged in the tank; an A / D converter, an industrial computer, a data collector, a D / A converter, a monitor and a driver are also included. The infrared detector, the laser rangefinder and the CCD industrial microscope are respectively connected to the A / D converter, the A / D converter is connected to the industrial computer, the industrial computer, the data collector and the D / A converter are connected, the data collector acquisition interface is connected to the pressure fatigue machine, the data collector is connected to the monitor, and the D / A converter is connected to the driver to control the infrared detector, the laser rangefinder and the CCD industrial microscope.

[0010] Furthermore, the equivalent specimen is a sectioned part of the equivalent whirlpool pressure hull specimen along the generatrix direction.

[0011] Furthermore, the equivalent medium is rubber, and its upper and lower ends are respectively matched with the lower end of the gland and the upper end of the equivalent sample, and the surrounding areas are matched with the inner wall of the surrounding wall structure.

[0012] Furthermore, the surrounding wall structure is made of metal, and the infrared detector is movably adsorbed on the outer surface of the surrounding wall structure by a strong magnet.

[0013] Furthermore, the curvature and thickness of the equivalent specimen are the same as the generatrix curvature and thickness of the gyroscopic pressure-resistant shell required for the experiment, the width is equal to the inner width of the base wall, and there is a gap between the two ends in the axial direction and the inner length of the base wall, and it exceeds the groove.

[0014] Furthermore, the laser rangefinder and the CCD industrial microscope are aligned along the width direction of the equivalent sample and are located at the same height.

[0015] A whirling pressure hull equivalent simulation test method, using the whirling pressure hull equivalent simulation test device, comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1. Preparation for the test

[0017] Fix the base on the working platform of the pressure fatigue machine, put the equivalent sample used in the experiment into the surrounding wall of the base, and place the surface with large curvature as the upper surface, then put in the cut equivalent medium, and then cover it with a gland, and then clamp the top of the gland with the upper actuator of the pressure fatigue machine. After installation and fixing, connect the data acquisition interface to the industrial computer of the pressure fatigue machine;

[0018] S2. Before starting the experiment

[0019] Turn on the CCD industrial microscope and laser rangefinder, measure the distance from the CCD industrial microscope to the lower surface of the equivalent sample, and send the measurement signal to the industrial computer through the A / D converter. The industrial computer sends instructions to the driver through the D / A converter to adjust the magnification of the CCD industrial microscope according to the measured distance, so that the observed part is clearly visible, and calibrate the parameters. The adjusted CCD industrial microscope sends the captured image signal to the industrial computer through the A / D converter, calculates the actual size of the captured part according to the magnification of the CCD industrial microscope, and sends the image to the data collector. The data collector transmits the data to the monitor, turns on the infrared detector, and transmits the captured signal to the industrial computer through the A / D converter, processes the captured signal, and sends it to the data collector;

[0020] S3. After starting the experiment

[0021] When the pressure fatigue machine starts working, the data collector starts to collect data such as the force applied by the pressure fatigue machine and the number of cyclic pressurization cycles, and sends the collected data to the monitor, which is displayed and stored in real time. When fatigue cracks appear in the equivalent specimen, the temperature at the crack tip will be higher than the temperature of the nearby parts, and the infrared detector can observe the changes in the temperature field. The industrial computer captures and calculates the defects in the crack depth direction according to the captured signals, obtains the crack depth, and transmits the crack depth data to the data collector and to the monitor in real time. At the same time, the length and width defects of the crack are observed by the CCD industrial microscope. After the industrial computer captures and calculates, the specific defect values ​​are obtained, and the relevant data are transmitted to the data collector in real time. The data is transmitted to the monitor, and the data collected by the collector can be expressed and stored in real time, and the dimensions of the fatigue crack depth, width and length at each time point, as well as the pressure size and number of cycles of the fatigue machine, etc.

[0022] S4. After the test

[0023] The control industrial computer sends the end signal to the driver through the D / A converter, controls the infrared detector and CCD industrial microscope to stop working, saves the relevant data of the data acquisition device, imports the collected and saved data into the computer for post-processing, turns off the industrial computer, and removes the test device from the fatigue machine.

[0024] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0025] (1) The present invention uses rubber instead of water as the medium, giving full play to the properties of rubber that are easy to deform and not easily compressed, and can well simulate the effect of water pressure forming a uniform pressure on the surface of the pressure hull, and can better simulate the stress condition of the complete pressure hull in the marine environment through an equivalent specimen; it overcomes the strong flow property of water, and does not require high precision of the device, only needs to meet the requirements of overfitting, or even clearance fit, which solves the problem of strict requirements on the sealing of the device in the water ballast tank, making the device simple to manufacture and low in production cost; in addition, the entire device has a simple structure, is easy to install, and is convenient to maintain.

[0026] (2) The present invention adopts an equivalent specimen to replace the complete specimen, and cleverly utilizes the structure of the gyroscopic pressure hull as a rotating body. It only needs to take the equal curvature, equal thickness and appropriate width at any generatrix to manufacture an ideal equivalent specimen. Then, through the characteristics of the device, the axially symmetrical side of the specimen is pressed against to achieve a stress state in which the equivalent specimen is symmetrically stressed along the symmetry axis, simulating the stress condition of the complete pressure hull. The entire invented device simplifies the stress process of the water pressure test cabin, saves experimental materials, and reduces material costs.

[0027] (3) The present invention is used with a fatigue press, which is equivalent to saving the special power equipment required for the water pressure test chamber experiment, optimizing the construction of the laboratory test system, saving the cost of purchasing equipment, and reducing the space occupied by the experimental site.

[0028] (4) In the pressure fatigue test of the pressure hull, the stress on the inner surface is greater than the stress on the outer surface. Therefore, fatigue cracks generally initiate on the inner surface first. This makes it impossible to observe the entire process of crack growth in real time from the inside of the complete spherical shell in the water pressure chamber test. The present invention overcomes this defect and solves the problem of observing the expansion of fatigue cracks on the inner surface of the specimen. In addition, all measuring instruments can use ordinary non-pressure instruments. All measuring instruments are not under pressure, which prolongs the service life of the measuring instruments and makes the measured data more accurate.

[0029] (5) The measuring instruments used in the present invention and their clever arrangement can observe the depth, length, width and other dimensions of the crack in real time, and can also process the data to obtain the crack extension life at each stage (the relationship between the number of fatigue cycles and the crack size), which facilitates the experimenter's later sorting of the experimental data, saves research time and costs, and ensures the authenticity of the data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is a main structural diagram of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a side sectional view of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0033] like Figure 1 and 2 The equivalent simulation test device for the swirling pressure hull shown in the figure comprises a base 1 installed on the platform of the pressure fatigue machine, the upper end surface of the base 1 is provided with a surrounding wall structure, the base 1 is provided with a groove corresponding to the lower end of the surrounding wall structure, an equivalent sample 2 is provided above the groove, a pressure cover 3 clamped by an actuator on the pressure fatigue machine is provided above the equivalent sample 2, the lower end of the pressure cover 3 is consistent with the inner contour of the surrounding wall structure, an equivalent medium 4 is provided between the pressure cover 3 and the equivalent sample 2, and is pressed on the equivalent sample 2 through the lower end of the pressure cover 3, an infrared detector 5 is provided on the outer side of the surrounding wall structure corresponding to the position of the equivalent sample 2, and a laser rangefinder 7 and a CCD industrial display are provided in the groove of the base 1 micromirror 8; also includes A / D converter 9, industrial computer 10, data acquisition device 11, D / A converter 12, monitor 13 and driver 14, the infrared detector 5, laser rangefinder 7, CCD industrial microscope 8 are respectively connected with A / D converter 9, the A / D converter 9 is connected with industrial computer 10, the industrial computer 10, data acquisition device 11, D / A converter 12 are connected, the acquisition interface of data acquisition device 11 is connected with pressure fatigue machine, the data acquisition device 11 is connected with monitor 13, the D / A converter 12 is connected with driver 14, and the infrared detector 5, laser rangefinder 7 and CCD industrial microscope 8 are controlled.

[0034] The equivalent specimen 2 is a sectioned component of the equivalent rotary pressure hull specimen along the generatrix direction.

[0035] The equivalent medium is rubber, and its upper and lower ends are respectively matched with the lower end of the gland 3 and the upper end of the equivalent sample 2, and the surrounding areas are matched with the inner wall of the surrounding wall structure.

[0036] The surrounding wall structure is made of metal. The infrared detector 5 is movably adsorbed on the outer surface of the surrounding wall structure through a strong magnet 6. One infrared detector 5 is arranged at each position aligned at the same height of the equivalent sample 2.

[0037] The curvature and thickness of the equivalent sample 2 are the same as the generatrix curvature and thickness of the swirling pressure-resistant shell required for the experiment, and the width is equal to the inner width of the base 1 wall. There is a gap between the two ends in the axial direction and the inner length of the base 1 wall, and it exceeds the groove.

[0038] The laser rangefinder 7 and the CCD industrial microscope 8 are aligned along the width direction of the equivalent sample 2 and are located at the same height.

[0039] A whirling pressure hull equivalent simulation test method, using the whirling pressure hull equivalent simulation test device, comprises the following steps:

[0040] S1. Preparation for the test

[0041] Fix the base 1 on the working platform of the pressure fatigue machine, put the equivalent sample 2 used in the experiment into the surrounding wall of the base 1, and place the surface with large curvature as the upper surface, then put the cut equivalent medium 4, and then cover it with the pressure cover 3, and then use the upper actuator head of the pressure fatigue machine to clamp the top of the pressure cover 3. After installation and fixing, connect the interface of the data acquisition device 11 to the industrial computer of the pressure fatigue machine;

[0042] S2. Before starting the experiment

[0043] Turn on the CCD industrial microscope 8 and the laser rangefinder 7, measure the distance from the CCD industrial microscope 8 to the lower surface of the equivalent sample 2, and send the measurement signal to the industrial computer 10 via the A / D converter 9. The industrial computer 10 sends an instruction to the driver 14 via the D / A converter 12 to adjust the magnification of the CCD industrial microscope 8 according to the measured distance, so that the observed part is clearly visible, and correct the parameters. The adjusted CCD industrial microscope 8 sends the captured image signal to the industrial computer 10 via the A / D converter 9, calculates the actual size of the captured part according to the magnification of the CCD industrial microscope 8, and sends the image to the data acquisition device 11. The data acquisition device 11 transmits the data to the monitor 13, turns on the infrared detector 5, transmits the captured signal to the industrial computer 10 via the A / D converter 9, processes the captured signal, and sends it to the data acquisition device 11;

[0044] S3. After starting the experiment

[0045] The pressure fatigue machine starts to work, and the data collector 11 starts to collect data such as the force applied by the pressure fatigue machine and the number of cyclic pressurization, and sends the collected data to the monitor 13, and displays and stores the collected data in real time. When fatigue cracks appear in the equivalent sample 2, the temperature at the crack tip will be higher than the temperature of the nearby parts, and the infrared detector 5 can observe the change of the temperature field. The industrial computer 10 captures and calculates the defects in the crack depth direction according to the captured signal, obtains the crack depth, and transmits the crack depth data to the data collector 11 and transmits it to the monitor 13 in real time; at the same time, the length and width defects of the crack are observed by the CCD industrial microscope 8, and the specific defect values ​​are obtained after the industrial computer 10 captures and calculates, and transmits the relevant data to the data collector 11 in real time, and transmits the data to the monitor 13. The collector 11 can express and store the obtained data in real time, and can obtain the dimensions of the fatigue crack depth, width and length at each time point, as well as the pressure size and cycle number of the fatigue machine;

[0046] S4. After the test

[0047] The control industrial computer 10 sends an end signal to the driver 14 via the D / A converter 12, controls the infrared detector 5 and the CCD industrial microscope 8 to stop working, saves the relevant data of the data acquisition device 11, imports the collected and saved data into the computer for post-processing, turns off the industrial computer, and removes the test device from the fatigue machine.

Claims

1. A whirling pressure hull equivalent simulation test device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base (1) mounted on a platform of a pressure fatigue machine, wherein the upper end surface of the base (1) is provided with a surrounding wall structure, the base (1) is provided with a groove corresponding to the lower end of the surrounding wall structure, an equivalent sample (2) is provided above the groove, a pressure cover (3) clamped by an actuator on the pressure fatigue machine is provided above the equivalent sample (2), the lower end of the pressure cover (3) matches the inner contour of the surrounding wall structure, an equivalent medium (4) is provided between the pressure cover (3) and the equivalent sample (2), and an infrared detector (5) is provided on the outer side of the surrounding wall structure at a position corresponding to the equivalent sample (2), and a laser rangefinder (7) and a CCD industrial microscope (8) are provided in the groove of the base (1); and an A / D converter ( 9), an industrial computer (10), a data acquisition device (11), a D / A converter (12), a monitor (13) and a driver (14), the infrared detector (5), the laser rangefinder (7) and the CCD industrial microscope (8) are respectively connected to the A / D converter (9), the A / D converter (9) is connected to the industrial computer (10), the industrial computer (10), the data acquisition device (11) and the D / A converter (12) are connected, the acquisition interface of the data acquisition device (11) is connected to the pressure fatigue machine, the data acquisition device (11) is connected to the monitor (13), the D / A converter (12) is connected to the driver (14), and controls the infrared detector (5), the laser rangefinder (7) and the CCD industrial microscope (8); The equivalent specimen (2) is a sectioned part of the equivalent whirlpool pressure hull specimen along the generatrix direction; The equivalent medium is rubber, the upper and lower ends of which respectively match the lower end of the gland (3) and the upper end of the equivalent test specimen (2), and the surrounding areas match the inner wall of the surrounding wall structure; The curvature and thickness of the equivalent specimen (2) are the same as the generatrix curvature and thickness of the cycloid pressure hull required for the experiment, the width is equal to the inner width of the base (1) surrounding wall, and a gap is left between the two ends in the axial direction and the inner length of the base (1) surrounding wall, and exceeds the groove.

2. The equivalent simulation test device for the rotating pressure hull according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The surrounding wall structure is made of metal, and the infrared detector (5) is movably adsorbed on the outer surface of the surrounding wall structure via a strong magnet (6).

3. The equivalent simulation test device for the rotating pressure hull according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The laser rangefinder (7) and the CCD industrial microscope (8) are aligned along the width direction of the equivalent sample (2) and are located at the same height.

4. A whirlpool pressure hull equivalent simulation test method, characterized in that: The equivalent simulation test device for the rotating pressure hull according to claim 1 is used, comprising the following steps: S1. Preparation for the test The base (1) is fixed on the working platform of the pressure fatigue machine, and the equivalent sample (2) used for the experiment is placed in the surrounding wall of the base (1), with the surface with a large curvature as the upper surface, and then the cut equivalent medium (4) is placed, and then the pressure cover (3) is covered, and then the top of the pressure cover (3) is clamped with the upper actuator head of the pressure fatigue machine. After installation and fixing, the interface of the data acquisition device (11) is connected to the industrial computer of the pressure fatigue machine; S2. Before starting the experiment Turn on the CCD industrial microscope (8) and the laser rangefinder (7), measure the distance from the CCD industrial microscope (8) to the lower surface of the equivalent sample (2), send the measurement signal to the industrial computer (10) via the A / D converter (9), and the industrial computer (10) sends an instruction to the driver (14) via the D / A converter (12) to adjust the magnification of the CCD industrial microscope (8) according to the measured distance, so that the observed part is clearly visible, and correct the parameters. After the adjustment, the CCD industrial microscope (8) sends the captured image signal to the industrial computer (10) via the A / D converter (9), calculates the actual size of the captured part according to the magnification of the CCD industrial microscope (8), and sends the image to the data acquisition device (11). The data acquisition device (11) transmits the data to the monitor (13), turns on the infrared detector (5), transmits the captured signal to the industrial computer (10) via the A / D converter (9), processes the captured signal, and sends it to the data acquisition device (11); S3. After starting the experiment The pressure fatigue machine starts to work, and the data acquisition device (11) starts to collect data such as the force applied by the pressure fatigue machine and the number of cyclic pressurization cycles, and sends the collected data to the monitor (13), and displays and stores the collected data in real time. When fatigue cracks appear in the equivalent sample (2), the temperature at the crack tip will be higher than the temperature of nearby parts, and the infrared detector (5) can observe the change of the temperature field. The industrial control computer (10) captures and calculates the defects in the crack depth direction according to the captured signals to obtain the crack depth, and transmits the crack depth data to the data acquisition device (11) and to the monitor (13) in real time. At the same time, the length and width defects of the crack are observed by the CCD industrial microscope (8). After the industrial control computer (10) captures and calculates, the specific defect value is obtained, and the relevant data is transmitted to the data acquisition device (11) in real time, and the data is transmitted to the monitor (13). The acquisition device (11) can express and store the obtained data in real time, and can obtain the dimensions of the fatigue crack depth, width and length at each time point, as well as the pressure size and number of cycles of the fatigue machine. S4. After the test The industrial computer (10) is controlled to send an end signal to the driver (14) via the D / A converter (12), the infrared detector (5) and the CCD industrial microscope (8) are controlled to stop working, the relevant data of the data acquisition device (11) are saved, the collected and saved data are imported into the computer for post-processing, the industrial computer is turned off, and the test device is removed from the fatigue machine.

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