Grate frame, grate section and incinerator

Abstract

The present invention discloses a grate frame, comprising: a frame body; a grate side beam, which has a grate side beam ventilation cavity, a grate side beam air inlet and a grate side beam air outlet, and is arranged on both sides of the top of the frame body, and the grate side beam air outlet is located at the top of the grate side beam; a plurality of side grate blocks, which are arranged in sequence on the top of the grate side beam, and a ventilation channel connected to the grate side beam air outlet is formed between the grate side beam, and a ventilation gap connected to the ventilation channel and the furnace is provided between two adjacent side grate blocks. The present invention can forcefully cool the grate side beam of the grate frame by introducing cooling air into the grate side beam, reduce the ambient temperature of the grate frame, prevent the grate frame from deforming at high temperature, and improve the service life of the grate frame. In addition, the temperature of the cooling air rises after heat exchange with the grate side beam, reaches the combustion-supporting temperature, and flows into the furnace to form a combustion-supporting effect. The present invention also discloses a grate section and an incinerator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of garbage incineration, and in particular to a grate frame, a grate section and an incinerator. Background Art

[0002] Waste incineration is one of the main ways to achieve waste reduction, harmlessness and resource utilization. At present, waste incineration has gradually become the main way to dispose of waste. After modern incineration treatment, the volume of waste can generally be reduced by 80%-90%. At the same time, it can eliminate various pathogens, convert harmful substances into harmless substances, and realize resource utilization. In my country, there are many kinds of domestic waste incinerators in use. The existing waste incineration mostly adopts mechanical waste incinerators. The waste is poured into the waste incinerator from the feed port, and the domestic waste is sent to the grate surface through the pusher for drying, burning and burning.

[0003] The grate is divided into multiple grate sections according to the three stages of combustion, such as drying section grate, combustion section grate, and ember section grate. Each grate section can be composed of different numbers of module grates, where the module grates can be the same or designed in different sizes according to the working conditions.

[0004] Generally, when the grate surface is burning garbage, the internal temperature of the furnace can reach 1200℃, and the grate surface temperature can reach 400℃ or even higher. Although the lower surface of the grate provides primary air cooling, in order to achieve combustion support and under the premise that the furnace temperature cannot be reduced, the primary air temperature is often set at around 200℃. Taking into account the loss and cooling effect of the primary air temperature, it cannot meet the function of cooling the grate frame when burning high calorific value garbage or over-burning garbage. Due to the effects of heat radiation and heat conduction, the temperature of the grate frame under the grate surface (i.e., the grate side beam) can reach above 200℃, which will affect the service life of the grate frame, and the material will deform and twist at this temperature.

[0005] Therefore, how to reduce the temperature of the grate frame and increase its service life is a technical problem that those skilled in the art need to solve at present. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a grate frame to reduce the temperature of the grate frame and increase its service life.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A grate frame, comprising:

[0009] The frame body is used to set the movable grate block driving system;

[0010] The grate side beam has a grate side beam ventilation cavity, which is arranged on both sides of the top of the frame body and extends along the conveying direction of the incinerated garbage, and is used to support and fix the grate block. The grate side beam is provided with a grate side beam air inlet and a grate side beam air outlet which are connected to the grate side beam ventilation cavity, and the grate side beam air outlet is located at the top of the grate side beam;

[0011] There are multiple side grate blocks, which are arranged in sequence on the top of the grate side beams, and a ventilation channel connected to the air outlet of the grate side beams is formed between the grate side beams and extends along the conveying direction of the incinerated garbage. A ventilation gap is provided between two adjacent side grate blocks, which are connected to the ventilation channel and the furnace respectively.

[0012] Optionally, in the above-mentioned grate frame, a plurality of partitions are arranged at intervals in the ventilation cavity of the grate side beam, and a plurality of partition ventilation holes are opened on the partition for connecting the ventilation cavities of the grate side beams on both sides.

[0013] Optionally, in the above-mentioned grate frame, the spacing distance between any two adjacent partitions is the same or different.

[0014] Optionally, in the above-mentioned grate frame, the grate side beam air inlet is arranged upstream of the grate side beam along the conveying direction of the incinerated garbage, and the grate side beam has multiple air outlets, which are arranged at intervals on the top of the grate side beam.

[0015] Preferably, in the above-mentioned grate frame, a plurality of grate side beam temperature sensors are arranged on the grate side beam;

[0016] A grate side beam regulating valve is provided on the air duct connected to the grate side beam air inlet;

[0017] The control system of the grate frame is used to control the opening value of the grate side beam regulating valve to an initial opening value when the temperature detected by the grate side beam temperature sensor is lower than a first preset temperature threshold, and to increase the opening value of the grate side beam regulating valve when the temperature detected by the grate side beam temperature sensor is higher than the first preset temperature threshold.

[0018] Preferably, in the above-mentioned grate frame, the control system further comprises a manual mode, in which the opening value of the grate side beam regulating valve can be manually adjusted on the control panel of the control system.

[0019] Preferably, in the above-mentioned grate frame, the control panel of the control system can display the temperature measured by the grate side beam temperature sensor and the opening value of the grate side beam regulating valve.

[0020] Preferably, in the above grate frame, the movable grate block driving system comprises:

[0021] A guide wheel device is arranged on the frame body;

[0022] A grate driving device connected to the movable grate beam of the movable grate block, wherein the sliding plate of the grate driving device is supported on the guide wheel of the guide wheel device, and the sliding plate is parallel to the upper surface of the movable grate block;

[0023] A power device is used to drive the grate driving device to move.

[0024] Preferably, in the above grate frame, the power device comprises:

[0025] A grate driving shaft is rotatably supported on the frame body and crosses both sides of the frame body;

[0026] A push rod crank, fixed to the grate drive shaft;

[0027] A push rod, wherein a first end of the push rod is hinged to a first end of the push rod crank, and a second end of the push rod is hinged to the grate driving device;

[0028] A hydraulic cylinder, a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the second end of the push rod crank.

[0029] Preferably, in the above grate frame, the grate driving device comprises:

[0030] a grate driving base plate, the second end of the push rod being hingedly connected to the grate driving base plate;

[0031] A connecting arm, fixed to the grate driving base plate and connected to the movable grate beam;

[0032] The sliding plate is arranged on the grate driving substrate. There are two sliding plates corresponding to the two guide wheel devices one by one. The hinge point between the push rod and the grate driving substrate is located between the two sliding plates.

[0033] The grate frame provided by the present invention is designed with a grate side beam ventilation cavity on the grate side beam, and has a grate side beam air inlet and a grate side beam air outlet connected to the grate side beam ventilation cavity. Cooling air can be introduced into the air duct through the induced draft fan, and introduced into the grate side beam air inlet through the air duct, so that the cooling air enters the grate side beam ventilation cavity. After the cooling air exchanges heat with the grate side beam, it is discharged through the grate side beam air outlet and enters the ventilation channel between the grate side beam and the side grate block, and finally enters the furnace through the ventilation gap between the side grate blocks.

[0034] The present invention can forcefully cool the grate side beams of the grate frame by introducing cooling air into the grate side beams, thereby reducing the ambient temperature of the grate frame, stabilizing the strength structure of the equipment, preventing the grate frame material from deforming and twisting at high temperatures, and increasing the service life of the grate frame. In addition, the temperature of the cooling air increases after heat exchange with the grate side beams, reaching a suitable combustion-supporting temperature, and flows into the furnace to form a combustion-supporting effect.

[0035] A grate section comprises a plurality of modular grates arranged in sequence, wherein the modular grate comprises a grate frame, and the grate frame is the grate frame as described in any one of the above items.

[0036] Optionally, in the above-mentioned grate section, a drop wall is provided at the end of the most downstream module grate along the conveying direction of the incinerated garbage, and the drop wall has a drop wall cooling air duct, and the drop wall cooling air duct has a drop wall air inlet and a drop wall air outlet, and the drop wall air outlet is connected to the air chamber of the grate section.

[0037] Optionally, in the above-mentioned grate section, a drop wall temperature sensor is provided on the drop wall;

[0038] A drop wall regulating valve is provided on the air duct connected to the drop wall air inlet;

[0039] The control system of the drop wall is used to control the opening value of the drop wall regulating valve to an initial opening value when the temperature detected by the drop wall temperature sensor is lower than a second preset temperature threshold, and to increase the opening value of the drop wall regulating valve when the temperature detected by the drop wall temperature sensor is higher than the second preset temperature threshold.

[0040] Optionally, in the above-mentioned grate section, the control system further includes a manual mode, in which the opening value of the drop wall regulating valve can be manually adjusted.

[0041] Optionally, in the above-mentioned grate section, the control panel of the control system can display the temperature measured by the drop wall temperature sensor and the opening value of the drop wall regulating valve.

[0042] Optionally, in the above-mentioned grate section, the side of the grate block of the modular grate facing the wind chamber of the modular grate is divided into at least two air ducts by a rib plate, and the air duct is connected to the grate block air outlet located at the end of the grate block, and a guide plate is arranged in the air duct for dividing the air duct into a maze-like air duct.

[0043] Optionally, in the above-mentioned grate section, the guide plates in each of the air ducts include at least two first guide plates of the same height as the depth of the air duct, and one end of any two adjacent first guide plates is connected to the first air duct wall of the air duct, and the other end forms a first side air duct gap with the second air duct wall of the air duct;

[0044] One end of the other of any two adjacent first guide plates is connected to the second air duct wall of the air duct, and a second side air duct gap is formed between the other end and the first air duct wall of the air duct.

[0045] Optionally, in the above-mentioned grate section, the guide plate in at least one of the air ducts includes a second guide plate whose height is lower than the depth of the air duct, and the two ends of the second guide plate are respectively connected to the first air duct wall and the second air duct wall of the air duct; or, at least one end of the second guide plate has an air duct gap with the air duct wall of the air duct.

[0046] Optionally, in the above grate section, the air outlet of the grate block forms a downward angle θ with the movement direction of the movable grate block of the grate block.

[0047] Optionally, in the above-mentioned grate section, the angle θ is 10°-60°.

[0048] Optionally, in the above-mentioned grate section, a grate block temperature sensor is provided on the fixed grate block;

[0049] A grate block regulating valve is provided on the air duct connected to the air duct;

[0050] The control system of the grate block is used to control the opening value of the grate block regulating valve to an initial opening value when the temperature detected by the grate block temperature sensor is lower than a third preset temperature threshold, and to increase the opening value of the grate block regulating valve when the temperature detected by the grate block temperature sensor is higher than the third preset temperature threshold.

[0051] Optionally, in the above-mentioned grate section, the control system of the grate block further includes a manual mode, in which the opening value of the grate block regulating valve can be manually adjusted on the control panel of the control system of the grate block.

[0052] Optionally, in the above-mentioned grate section, the control panel of the control system of the grate block can display the temperature measured by the grate block temperature sensor and the opening value of the grate block regulating valve.

[0053] The grate segment provided by the present invention has all the technical effects of the above-mentioned grate frame due to its having the above-mentioned grate frame, which will not be described in detail herein.

[0054] In addition, in another solution of the grate section provided by the present invention, a solution of forced cooling is provided for the drop wall. A drop wall cooling air duct is arranged on the drop wall, and cooling air can be introduced into the air duct through the induced draft fan, and introduced into the drop wall air inlet through the air duct, so that the cooling air enters the drop wall cooling air duct, and after the cooling air exchanges heat with the drop wall, it is discharged through the drop wall air outlet and enters the air chamber of the grate section, and finally enters the furnace from the air chamber.

[0055] The present invention can forcefully cool the drop wall by introducing cooling air into the drop wall, thereby reducing the ambient temperature of the drop wall, stabilizing the strength structure of the equipment, preventing the drop wall from being damaged at high temperatures, and increasing the service life of the drop wall. In addition, the temperature of the cooling air increases after heat exchange with the drop wall, reaching a suitable combustion-supporting temperature, and finally flows into the furnace through the wind chamber, thereby forming a combustion-supporting effect.

[0056] An incinerator comprises a plurality of grate segments, wherein the grate segments are the grate segments as described in any one of the above items.

[0057] The incinerator provided by the present invention has all the technical effects of the above-mentioned grate segment due to its presence, which will not be described in detail herein. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0058] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0059] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the incinerator disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 2 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a modular grate disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a grate driving device disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 4 A side view of a modular grate disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a grate side beam and a side grate block disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of a partition disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 7A top view of a grate side beam disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of air inlet and outlet of a grate side beam disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of a grate block disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0068] Fig.10 A partial cross-sectional view of a grate block disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the opening adjustment of the grate side beam regulating valve disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0070] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the opening adjustment of the cooling wall regulating valve disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0071] Fig.13 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the opening adjustment of the grate block regulating valve disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0072] Figures 1 to 13 The meanings of the reference numerals in the figure are as follows:

[0073] 1 is the drying section, 2 is the combustion section, 3 is the burning section, and 4 is the pusher;

[0074] 100 is the grate frame, 200 is the drop wall, and 300 is the grate block;

[0075] 101 is a frame body, 102 is a grate side beam, 1021 is an air inlet of the grate side beam, 1022 is a partition, 10221 is a partition ventilation hole, 1023 is a grate side beam temperature sensor, 1024 is a grate side beam air outlet, 103 is a hydraulic cylinder, 104 is a grate drive shaft, 105 is a push rod crank, 106 is a push rod, 107 is a grate drive device, 1071 is a grate drive base plate, 1072 is a sliding plate, 1073 is a connecting arm, 108 is a guide wheel device, 1081 is a guide wheel, 1082 is a guide wheel support, 109 is a sealing device, 110 is a bearing seat, 111 is a side grate block, 1111 is a ventilation gap, and 1112 is a ventilation channel;

[0076] 201 is a temperature sensor of the drop wall, 202 is an air outlet of the drop wall, and 203 is an air inlet of the drop wall;

[0077] 301 is a fixed grate block, 302 is a movable grate block, 303 is a grate block body, 304 is a rib plate, 305 is a guide plate, 3051 is a first guide plate, 3052 is a second guide plate, 306 is an air duct, 307 is a grate block temperature sensor, and 308 is a grate block air outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0078] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0079] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a grate frame including a frame body 101 , a grate side beam 102 and a side grate block 111 .

[0080] The frame body 101 is used to set the movable grate block driving system, the grate side beam 102 has a grate side beam ventilation cavity, the grate side beam 102 is arranged on both sides of the top of the frame body 101, and extends along the conveying direction of the incinerated garbage, and is used to support the fixed grate block 301. The fixed grate block 301 is installed on the fixed grate beam, and the fixed grate blocks 301 on the fixed grate beam are respectively limited and locked by the fixed clamping plate, and finally the fixed grate beam is supported on the grate side beams 102 on both sides of the top of the frame body 101.

[0081] The grate side beam 102 is provided with a grate side beam air inlet 1021 and a grate side beam air outlet 1024 which are connected to the grate side beam ventilation cavity. The grate side beam air outlet 1024 is located at the top of the grate side beam 102. The top of the grate side beam 102 is the side close to the furnace. The grate side beam air outlet 1024 is arranged at the top of the grate side beam 102, so that the cooling air can be conveniently discharged into the furnace for combustion. The grate side beam air outlet 1024 can be a hole of any shape such as a square hole, a round hole, or a long hole.

[0082] Since the grate side beam 102 is close to the garbage burning area, especially the top of the grate side beam 102 is basically exposed to the burning area and has a high temperature, adding a high temperature resistant side grate block 111 to the grate side beam 102 can reduce the material requirements of the grate side beam 102 and reduce the cost. It is only necessary to select a high temperature resistant material for the side grate block 111.

[0083] There are multiple side grate blocks 111, which are arranged in sequence on the top of the grate side beam 102, and a ventilation channel 1112 is formed between the grate side beam 102, which is connected to the grate side beam air outlet 1024 and extends along the conveying direction of the incinerated garbage. Adding the side grate block 111 on the upper part of the grate side beam air outlet 1024 can also block ash and prevent ash from blocking the grate side beam air outlet 1024. There is a ventilation gap 1111 between two adjacent side grate blocks 111, which is connected to the ventilation channel 1112 and the furnace respectively. In order to prevent ash from entering the ventilation gap 1111 and blocking the grate side beam air outlet 1024, the grate side beam air outlet 1024 and the ventilation gap 1111 can be avoided.

[0084] The grate frame 100 provided by the present invention is designed with a grate side beam ventilation cavity for the grate side beam 102, and has a grate side beam air inlet 1021 and a grate side beam air outlet 1024 communicated with the grate side beam ventilation cavity. Cooling air can be introduced into the air duct through the induced draft fan, and introduced into the grate side beam air inlet 1021 through the air duct, so that the cooling air enters the grate side beam ventilation cavity, and after the cooling air exchanges heat with the grate side beam 102, it is discharged through the grate side beam air outlet 1024 and enters the ventilation channel 1112 between the grate side beam 102 and the side grate block 111, and finally enters the furnace through the ventilation gap 1111 between the side grate blocks 111.

[0085] The present invention can forcefully cool the grate side beams 102 of the grate frame 100 by introducing cooling air into the grate side beams 102, thereby reducing the ambient temperature of the grate frame 100, stabilizing the strength structure of the equipment, preventing the material of the grate frame 100 from deforming and twisting at high temperatures, and increasing the service life of the grate frame 100. In addition, the temperature of the cooling air increases after heat exchange with the grate side beams 102, reaching a suitable combustion-supporting temperature, and flows into the furnace to form a combustion-supporting effect.

[0086] In order to cool down the grate side beam 102 and increase the service life of the grate frame 100, the embodiment of the present invention designs the grate side beam 102 as a sandwich structure, so that the middle part of the grate side beam 102 is a hollow structure, in order to ensure that the grate side beam 102 has a certain rigidity, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a plurality of partitions 1022 are arranged in the ventilation cavity of the grate side beam at intervals, and a plurality of partition ventilation holes 10221 are opened on the partition 1022 for connecting the ventilation cavities of the grate side beams on both sides. The partition ventilation holes 10221 can be Figure 6 The waist-shaped holes shown can also be designed as holes of other shapes according to actual conditions, as long as the two sides of the partition 1022 can be connected. In this embodiment, by adding the partition 1022, the overall rigidity of the grate side beam 102 is improved while satisfying the requirement of cooling the grate side beam 102.

[0087] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the spacing between any two adjacent partitions 1022 can be the same or different, and can be set according to the needs. Specifically, the spacing between the partitions 1022 can be set smaller in the part with higher rigidity requirements, and the spacing between the partitions 1022 can be set larger in the part with lower rigidity requirements.

[0088] like Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, in order to increase the path of the cooling air, the cooling air can fully exchange heat with the grate side beam 102. In this embodiment, the grate side beam air inlet 1021 is arranged upstream of the grate side beam 102 along the conveying direction of the incinerated garbage. In this embodiment, by arranging the grate side beam air inlet 1021 at the most upstream, the residence time of the cooling air can be increased, and heat exchange with various positions of the grate side beam 102 can be achieved.

[0089] like Figure 7 As shown, there are multiple grate side beam air outlets 1024, which are spaced apart at the top of the grate side beam 102. The spacing between any two adjacent grate side beam air outlets 1024 can be the same or different, and can be set according to the needs. Specifically, the spacing between the grate side beam air outlets 1024 can be set smaller in the part with more oxygen demand, and the spacing between the grate side beam air outlets 1024 can be set larger in the part with less oxygen demand.

[0090] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of grate side beam temperature sensors 1023 are provided on the grate side beam 102 to detect the temperature on the grate side beam 102. Since the length of a grate side beam 102 is long, the temperature at different positions may be different, so the grate side beam temperature sensors 1023 can be respectively provided at different positions of the grate side beam 102.

[0091] The air duct connected to the grate side beam air inlet 1021 is provided with a grate side beam regulating valve, through which the flow of cooling air entering the grate side beam 102 can be adjusted. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that the greater the flow of cooling air entering the grate side beam 102, the better the cooling effect; on the contrary, the worse the cooling effect. Therefore, the cooling effect of the grate side beam 102 can be adjusted by controlling the opening size of the grate side beam regulating valve.

[0092] The control system of the grate frame 100 is used to control the opening value of the grate side beam regulating valve to an initial opening value when the temperature detected by the grate side beam temperature sensor 1023 is lower than the first preset temperature threshold, and to increase the opening value of the grate side beam regulating valve when the temperature detected by the grate side beam temperature sensor 1023 is higher than the first preset temperature threshold.

[0093] The set initial opening value of the grate side beam regulating valve should be able to meet the requirement that the temperature of the grate frame 100 is lower than the first preset temperature threshold under most working conditions, but it should not be too much lower than the first preset temperature threshold. It should be noted that the set initial opening value of the grate side beam regulating valve should be able to meet the requirement that the temperature of the grate frame 100 is lower than and close to the first preset temperature threshold under most working conditions, that is, the initial opening value of the grate side beam regulating valve is set to the minimum value that meets the grate side beam temperature requirement, which helps to save energy. When the temperature detected by the grate side beam temperature sensor 1023 is higher than the first preset temperature threshold, the opening value of the grate side beam regulating valve can be increased, so that the air intake of the cooling air increases, and the grate side beam 102 gradually decreases until it drops below the first preset temperature threshold, and the opening of the grate side beam regulating valve can be adjusted to the initial opening value.

[0094] Specific control method of grate side beam regulating valve, such as Fig.11 As shown, the control method includes:

[0095] Step S101: collecting the temperature of the grate side beam;

[0096] That is, the temperature at the corresponding position of the grate side beam is detected by the grate side beam temperature sensor 1023. When there are multiple grate side beam temperature sensors 1023, the maximum temperature value measured is taken, or the average temperature value measured by each grate side beam temperature sensor 1023 is taken.

[0097] Step S102: Determine whether the temperature of the grate side beam exceeds a first preset temperature, if yes, execute step S103, if no, execute step S104. The first preset temperature can be set according to actual conditions, for example, 250°C.

[0098] Step S103: increasing the opening of the grate side beam regulating valve;

[0099] The increased opening value can be preset, for example, an increase of 20% of the opening. The increased opening value can also be in direct proportion to the temperature value of the grate side beam, that is, the greater the temperature value of the grate side beam, the greater the increased opening value, and vice versa. The opening value can also be gradually increased over time, such as increasing the preset opening value per unit time, such as increasing the opening by 5% per minute, until the temperature of the grate side beam drops below the first preset temperature.

[0100] Step S104: maintaining the initial opening of the grate side beam regulating valve; the initial opening value of the grate side beam regulating valve can be preset, such as 40% opening.

[0101] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the control system of the grate frame 100 also includes a manual mode. In the manual mode, the opening value of the grate side beam regulating valve can be manually adjusted on the control panel of the control system of the grate frame 100, that is, the opening value of the grate side beam regulating valve can be manually controlled. The manual mode can always use the maximum cooling air volume (for example, the opening value of the grate side beam regulating valve is adjusted to the maximum) to increase the cooling effect. The manual mode can also be used when starting and stopping the furnace or overhauling to achieve a rapid cooling effect.

[0102] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the control panel of the control system of the grate frame 100 can display the temperature measured by the grate side beam temperature sensor 1023 and the opening value of the grate side beam regulating valve, so as to facilitate the operator to monitor the cooling condition of the grate side beam 102 at all times.

[0103] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the movable grate block driving system includes a guide wheel device 108, a grate driving device 107 and a power device.

[0104] The guide wheel device 108 is disposed on the frame body 101 . In order to provide stable support for the grate driving device 107 , two guide wheel devices 108 are usually disposed to support the two ends of the grate driving device 107 .

[0105] The grate driving device 107 is connected to the movable grate beam of the movable grate block 302. The movable grate block 302 is installed on the movable grate beam. The movable grate blocks 302 on the movable grate beam are respectively limited and locked by fixed clamps, and finally the movable grate beam is supported on the grate driving device 107.

[0106] The included angle β between the upper surface of the movable grate block 302 and the fixed grate block 301 and the extending direction of the grate frame 100 can be designed to be between 10° and 50°.

[0107] The sliding plate 1072 of the grate driving device 107 is supported on the guide wheel 1081 of the guide wheel device 108. The guide wheel device 108 includes a guide wheel support 1082 and a guide wheel 1081 rotatably arranged on the guide wheel support 1082. The guide wheel support 1082 is fixed on the frame body 101.

[0108] The sliding plate 1072 is parallel to the upper surface of the movable grate block 302, so when the sliding plate 1072 moves along the guide wheel 1081, it drives the grate driving device 107 to move in a direction parallel to the upper surface of the movable grate block 302. The power device is used to drive the grate driving device 107 to move.

[0109] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the power device may include a grate drive shaft 104 , a push rod crank 105 , a push rod 106 and a hydraulic cylinder 103 .

[0110] like Figure 4 As shown, the grate drive shaft 104 is rotatably supported on the frame body 101 and crosses both sides of the frame body 101. A fixed-end bearing seat 110 is provided on one side of the grate drive shaft 104, and a free-end bearing seat 110 is provided on the other side. A sealing device 109 is provided at the junction of the grate frame 100 and the grate drive shaft 104 to play a protective and sealing role.

[0111] like Figure 2 As shown, the push rod crank 105 is fixed on the grate driving shaft 104, the first end of the push rod 106 is hinged to the first end of the push rod crank 105, and the second end of the push rod 106 is hinged to the grate driving device 107. The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 103 is hinged to the second end of the push rod crank 105. The push rod crank 105 is driven to rotate by the hydraulic cylinder 103, and the push rod crank 105 drives the push rod 106 to move, and the push rod 106 pushes the grate driving device 107 to move in a direction parallel to the upper surface of the movable grate block 302.

[0112] like Figure 3 As shown, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the grate driving device 107 includes a grate driving substrate 1071, a connecting arm 1073 and a sliding plate 1072. Among them, the second end of the push rod 106 is hinged to the grate driving substrate 1071, and the connecting arm 1073 is fixed to the grate driving substrate 1071 and connected to the movable grate beam. The sliding plate 1072 is arranged on the grate driving substrate 1071, and there are two sliding plates 1072 corresponding to the two guide wheel devices 108, and the hinge point between the push rod 106 and the grate driving substrate 1071 is located between the two sliding plates 1072.

[0113] The embodiment of the present invention further discloses a grate segment, comprising a plurality of modular grates arranged in sequence, the modular grate comprising a grate frame 100, the grate frame 100 is the grate frame disclosed in the above embodiment, and therefore has all the technical effects of the above grate frame 100, which will not be repeated herein.

[0114] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a drop wall 200 is provided at the end of the most downstream module grate along the conveying direction of the incinerated garbage. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that, since there is a height difference between the grate sections of the garbage incinerator, a drop wall 200 is usually provided at the transition portion between the grate sections. The drop wall 200 has a drop wall cooling air duct, a drop wall air inlet 203 and a drop wall air outlet 202 connected to the drop wall cooling air duct, and the drop wall air outlet 202 is connected to the air chamber of the grate section.

[0115] The embodiment of the present invention provides a forced cooling solution for the drop wall 200. A drop wall cooling air duct is provided on the drop wall 200, and cooling air can be introduced into the air duct through the induced draft fan, and then introduced into the drop wall air inlet 203 through the air duct, so that the cooling air enters the drop wall cooling air duct, and after the cooling air exchanges heat with the drop wall 200, it is discharged through the drop wall air outlet 202 and enters the air chamber of the grate section, and finally enters the furnace from the air chamber.

[0116] The present invention can forcefully cool the drop wall 200 by introducing cooling air into the drop wall 200, thereby reducing the ambient temperature of the drop wall 200, stabilizing the strength structure of the equipment, preventing the drop wall 200 from being damaged at high temperatures, and increasing the service life of the drop wall 200. In addition, the temperature of the cooling air increases after heat exchange with the drop wall 200, reaching a temperature suitable for combustion, and finally flows into the furnace through the wind chamber, forming a combustion-supporting effect.

[0117] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of drop wall temperature sensors 201 are provided on the drop wall 200 to detect the temperature on the drop wall 200. Since the drop wall 200 is not as long as the grate side beam 102, only one drop wall temperature sensor 201 may be provided on the drop wall 200, and of course, multiple drop wall temperature sensors 201 may also be provided at different positions.

[0118] A drop wall regulating valve is provided on the air duct connected to the drop wall air inlet 203, and the flow rate of the cooling air entering the drop wall cooling air duct can be adjusted by the drop wall regulating valve. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that the greater the flow rate of the cooling air entering the drop wall cooling air duct, the better the cooling effect; on the contrary, the worse the cooling effect. Therefore, the cooling effect of the drop wall 200 can be adjusted by controlling the opening size of the drop wall regulating valve.

[0119] The control system of the drop wall 200 is used to control the opening value of the drop wall regulating valve to an initial opening value when the temperature detected by the drop wall temperature sensor 201 is lower than the second preset temperature threshold, and to increase the opening value of the drop wall regulating valve when the temperature detected by the drop wall temperature sensor 201 is higher than the second preset temperature threshold.

[0120] The set initial opening value of the drop wall regulating valve should be able to meet the requirement that the temperature of the drop wall 200 is lower than the second preset temperature threshold under most working conditions, but it should not be too much lower than the second preset temperature threshold. It should be noted that the set initial opening value of the drop wall regulating valve should be able to meet the requirement that the temperature of the drop wall 200 is lower than and close to the second preset temperature threshold under most working conditions, that is, the initial opening value of the drop wall regulating valve is set to the minimum value that meets the temperature requirement of the drop wall 200, which helps to save energy. When the temperature detected by the drop wall temperature sensor 201 is higher than the second preset temperature threshold, the opening value of the drop wall regulating valve can be increased, so that the air intake of the cooling air increases, and the temperature of the drop wall 200 gradually decreases until it drops below the second preset temperature threshold, and the opening of the drop wall regulating valve can be adjusted to the initial opening value.

[0121] Specific control methods of drop wall regulating valve, such as Fig.12 As shown, the control method includes:

[0122] Step S201: collecting the temperature of the drop wall;

[0123] That is, the temperature at the corresponding position of the drop wall 200 is detected by the drop wall temperature sensor 201. When there are multiple drop wall temperature sensors 201, the maximum temperature value measured is taken, or the average temperature value measured by each drop wall temperature sensor 201 is taken.

[0124] Step S202: determine whether the temperature of the drop wall 200 exceeds the second preset temperature, if yes, execute step S203, if no, execute step S204. The second preset temperature can be set according to actual conditions, for example, 220°C.

[0125] Step S203: increasing the opening of the drop wall regulating valve;

[0126] The increased opening value can be preset, for example, an increase of 20% of the opening. The increased opening value can also be in direct proportion to the temperature value of the drop wall 200, that is, the greater the temperature value of the drop wall 200, the greater the increased opening value, and vice versa. The opening value can also be gradually increased over time, such as increasing the preset opening value per unit time, such as increasing the opening by 5% per minute, until the temperature of the drop wall 200 drops below the second preset temperature.

[0127] Step S204: maintaining the initial opening of the drop wall regulating valve; the initial opening value of the drop wall regulating valve can be preset, such as 40% opening.

[0128] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the control system of the drop wall 200 also includes a manual mode. In the manual mode, the opening value of the drop wall regulating valve can be manually adjusted on the control panel of the control system of the drop wall 200, that is, the opening value of the drop wall regulating valve can be manually controlled. The manual mode can always use the maximum cooling air volume to increase the cooling effect. The manual mode can also be used when starting and stopping the furnace or for maintenance to achieve a rapid cooling effect.

[0129] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the control panel of the control system of the drop wall 200 can display the temperature measured by the drop wall temperature sensor 201 and the opening value of the drop wall regulating valve, so as to facilitate the operator to monitor the cooling condition of the drop wall 200 at all times.

[0130] like Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the grate block 300 (fixed grate block 301 and movable grate block 302) of the modular grate is divided into at least two air ducts 306 by a rib plate 304 on one side of the wind chamber facing the modular grate, and the air duct 306 is connected to the grate block air outlet 308 located at the end of the grate block 300, and a guide plate 305 is arranged in the air duct 306 for dividing the air duct 306 into a maze-like air duct.

[0131] The cooling air can be guided along the air duct 306 to the grate block air outlet 308. During the guiding process, the cooling air can always keep in contact with the internal rib plate 304 and the guide plate 305. As the contact surface increases, the heat exchange area is increased, which can not only effectively control the air flow path, but also increase the cooling time, achieve the effect of forced cooling, greatly reduce the temperature of the grate block 300, and keep the temperature of the grate block 300 within 280°C under the condition of long-term high-temperature incineration operation. Because the cooling air flows into the furnace from the grate block air outlet 308 of the fixed grate block 301 and the movable grate block 302 through heat conduction, a combustion-supporting effect is formed.

[0132] Specifically, the guide plates 305 in each air duct 306 include at least two first guide plates 3051 having the same height as the depth of the air duct 306, one end of one of any two adjacent first guide plates 3051 is connected to the first air duct wall of the air duct 306, and the other end forms a first side air duct gap with the second air duct wall of the air duct 306. One end of the other of any two adjacent first guide plates 3051 is connected to the second air duct wall of the air duct 306, and the other end forms a second side air duct gap with the first air duct wall of the air duct 306, thereby forming a labyrinth-shaped air duct.

[0133] Further, the guide plate 305 in at least one air duct 306 includes a second guide plate 3052 whose height is lower than the depth of the air duct 306, and the two ends of the second guide plate 3052 are respectively connected to the first air duct wall and the second air duct wall of the air duct 306. Since the height of the second guide plate 3052 is lower than the depth of the air duct 306, the cooling air can also pass through. It should be noted that the two ends of the second guide plate 3052 may also be unevenly connected to the first air duct wall and the second air duct wall of the air duct 306, that is, at least one end of the second guide plate 3052 has an air duct gap with the air duct wall of the air duct 306.

[0134] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the grate block air outlet 308 forms a downward angle θ with the movement direction of the movable grate block 302 of the grate block 300, and the angle θ can be between 10° and 60°. When the ash generated during the incineration of garbage will not fall into the grate block 300 along the grate block air outlet 308, so that the phenomenon of ash blocking the grate block air outlet 308 can be effectively avoided, and the ash is forced to be dispersed and blown out from the grate block air outlet 308 by cooling air, ensuring that the cooling air is blown into the furnace for combustion.

[0135] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a grate block temperature sensor 307 is provided on the fixed grate block 301 to detect the temperature on the fixed grate block 301. A plurality of grate block temperature sensors 307 may be provided on several rows of fixed grate blocks 301.

[0136] The air duct connected to the air duct 306 is provided with a grate block regulating valve, through which the flow of cooling air entering the air duct can be adjusted. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that the greater the flow of cooling air entering the air duct, the better the cooling effect; on the contrary, the worse the cooling effect. Therefore, the cooling effect of the grate block 300 can be adjusted by controlling the opening size of the grate block regulating valve.

[0137] The control system of the grate block 300 is used to control the opening value of the grate block regulating valve to an initial opening value when the temperature detected by the grate block temperature sensor 307 is lower than the third preset temperature threshold, and to increase the opening value of the grate block regulating valve when the temperature detected by the grate block temperature sensor 307 is higher than the third preset temperature threshold.

[0138] The set initial opening value of the grate block regulating valve should be able to meet the requirement that the temperature of the grate block 300 is lower than the third preset temperature threshold under most working conditions, but it should not be too much lower than the third preset temperature threshold. It should be noted that the set initial opening value of the grate block regulating valve should be able to meet the requirement that the temperature of the grate block 300 is lower than and close to the third preset temperature threshold under most working conditions, that is, the initial opening value of the grate block regulating valve is set to the minimum value that meets the temperature requirement of the grate block 300, which helps to save energy. When the temperature detected by the grate block temperature sensor 307 is higher than the third preset temperature threshold, the opening value of the grate block regulating valve can be increased, so that the air intake of the cooling air increases, and the temperature of the grate block 300 gradually decreases until it drops below the third preset temperature threshold, and the opening of the grate block regulating valve can be adjusted to the initial opening value.

[0139] Specific control method of grate block regulating valve, such as Fig.13 As shown, the control method includes:

[0140] Step S301: collecting the temperature of the fixed grate block;

[0141] That is, the temperature at the corresponding position of the grate block 300 is detected by the grate block temperature sensor 307. When there are multiple grate block temperature sensors 307, the maximum temperature value measured is taken, or the average temperature value measured by each grate block temperature sensor 307 is taken.

[0142] Step S302: determine whether the temperature of the grate block 300 exceeds a third preset temperature, if yes, execute step S303, if no, execute step S304. The third preset temperature can be set according to actual conditions, for example, 280°C.

[0143] Step S303: increase the opening of the grate block regulating valve; the increased opening value can be preset, for example, increase the opening by 20%. The increased opening value can also be in direct proportion to the temperature value of the grate block 300, that is, the greater the temperature value of the grate block 300, the greater the increased opening value, and vice versa. The method of gradually increasing the opening value over time can also be adopted, such as increasing the preset opening value per unit time, such as increasing the opening by 5% per minute, until the temperature of the grate block 300 drops below the third preset temperature.

[0144] Step S304: maintaining the initial opening of the grate block regulating valve; the initial opening value of the grate block regulating valve can be preset, such as 40% opening.

[0145] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the control system of the grate block 300 also includes a manual mode. In the manual mode, the opening value of the grate block regulating valve can be manually adjusted on the control panel of the control system of the grate block 300, that is, the opening value of the grate block regulating valve can be manually controlled. The manual mode can always use the maximum cooling air volume to increase the cooling effect. The manual mode can also be used when starting and stopping the furnace or overhauling to achieve a rapid cooling effect.

[0146] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the control panel of the control system of the grate block 300 can display the temperature measured by the grate block temperature sensor 307 and the opening value of the grate block regulating valve, so as to facilitate the operator to monitor the cooling condition of the grate block 300 at all times.

[0147] The control system of the grate block 300, the control system of the grate frame 100 and the control system of the drop wall 200 may be the same control system or three control systems.

[0148] The embodiment of the present invention further discloses an incinerator, comprising a plurality of grate segments, wherein the grate segments are the grate segments disclosed in the above embodiment. Since the above grate segments are provided, the incinerator has all the technical effects of the above grate segments, which will not be described in detail herein.

[0149] It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0150] As shown in this application and claims, unless the context clearly indicates an exception, the words "a", "an", "a kind" and / or "the" do not refer to the singular, but also include the plural. Generally speaking, the terms "include" and "comprise" only indicate the inclusion of clearly identified steps and elements, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list. The method or device may also include other steps or elements. The elements defined by the sentence "includes a..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity or device that includes the elements.

[0151] In the following, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0152] The principles and implementation methods of the present invention are described in this article using specific examples. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the core idea of ​​the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principles of the present invention, the present invention can also be improved and modified, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A grate section, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plurality of modular grates arranged in sequence, wherein the modular grate comprises a grate frame, wherein the grate frame comprises: a frame body (101) for arranging a movable grate block driving system; a grate side beam (102) having a grate side beam ventilation cavity, arranged on both sides of the top of the frame body (101) and extending along the conveying direction of the incinerated garbage, and used for supporting and fixing the grate block (301); the grate side beam (102) is provided with a grate side beam air inlet (1021) and a grate side beam air outlet (1024) which are communicated with the grate side beam ventilation cavity; ), the grate side beam air outlet (1024) is located at the top of the grate side beam (102); there are a plurality of side grate blocks (111), which are arranged in sequence at the top of the grate side beam (102), and a ventilation channel (1112) is formed between the grate side beam (102) and connected to the grate side beam air outlet (1024) and extending along the conveying direction of the incinerated garbage, and a ventilation gap (1111) is provided between two adjacent side grate blocks (111) and is connected to the ventilation channel (1112) and the furnace, respectively; A plurality of partitions (1022) are arranged in intervals in the grate side beam ventilation cavity, and a plurality of partition ventilation holes (10221) are provided on the partition (1022) for connecting the grate side beam ventilation cavities on both sides; A plurality of grate side beam temperature sensors (1023) are arranged on the grate side beam (102); a grate side beam regulating valve is arranged on the air duct connected to the grate side beam air inlet (1021); The control system of the grate frame is used to control the opening value of the grate side beam regulating valve to be an initial opening value when the temperature detected by the grate side beam temperature sensor (1023) is lower than a first preset temperature threshold, and to increase the opening value of the grate side beam regulating valve when the temperature detected by the grate side beam temperature sensor (1023) is higher than the first preset temperature threshold; The movable grate block driving system comprises: a guide wheel device (108) arranged on the frame body (101); a grate driving device (107) connected to the movable grate beam of the movable grate block (302); a sliding plate (1072) of the grate driving device (107) supported on a guide wheel (1081) of the guide wheel device (108); the sliding plate (1072) is parallel to the upper surface of the movable grate block (302); and a power device for driving the grate driving device (107) to move; The power device comprises: a grate drive shaft (104), rotatably supported on the frame body (101) and crossing the two sides of the frame body (101); a push rod crank (105), fixed on the grate drive shaft (104); a push rod (106), a first end of the push rod (106) being hinged to the first end of the push rod crank (105), and a second end of the push rod (106) being hinged to the grate drive device (107); and a hydraulic cylinder (103), a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (103) being hinged to the second end of the push rod crank (105); A side of the grate block (300) of the modular grate facing the wind chamber of the modular grate is divided into at least two air ducts (306) by a rib plate (304), the air duct (306) being connected to a grate block air outlet (308) located at an end of the grate block (300), and a guide plate (305) for dividing the air duct (306) into a labyrinth-shaped air duct is arranged in the air duct (306); The guide plates (305) in each of the air ducts (306) include at least two first guide plates (3051) having the same height as the depth of the air duct (306), one end of any two adjacent first guide plates (3051) being connected to a first air duct wall of the air duct (306), and a first side air duct gap being formed between the other end and a second air duct wall of the air duct (306); One end of the other of any two adjacent first guide plates (3051) is connected to the second air duct wall of the air duct (306), and a second side air duct gap is formed between the other end and the first air duct wall of the air duct (306); The guide plate (305) in at least one of the air ducts (306) comprises a second guide plate (3052) whose height is lower than the depth of the air duct (306), and two ends of the second guide plate (3052) are respectively connected to a first air duct wall and a second air duct wall of the air duct (306); or, at least one end of the second guide plate (3052) has an air duct gap with the air duct wall of the air duct (306).

2. The grate segment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spacing distance between any two adjacent partitions (1022) is the same or different.

3. The grate segment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grate side beam air inlet (1021) is arranged upstream of the grate side beam (102) along the conveying direction of the incinerated garbage, and the grate side beam air outlet (1024) is multiple and is arranged at intervals on the top of the grate side beam (102).

4. The grate segment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control system of the grate frame also includes a manual mode. In the manual mode, the opening value of the grate side beam regulating valve can be manually adjusted on the control panel of the control system of the grate frame.

5. The grate segment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The control panel of the control system of the grate frame can display the temperature measured by the grate side beam temperature sensor (1023) and the opening value of the grate side beam regulating valve.

6. The grate segment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grate driving device (107) comprises: a grate driving base plate (1071), the second end of the push rod (106) being hinged to the grate driving base plate (1071); A connecting arm (1073) is fixed to the grate driving base plate (1071) and connected to the movable grate beam; The sliding plate (1072) is arranged on the grate driving substrate (1071), and there are two sliding plates (1072) corresponding one to one to the two guide wheel devices (108). The hinge point between the push rod (106) and the grate driving substrate (1071) is located between the two sliding plates (1072).

7. The grate segment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drop wall (200) is provided at the end of the most downstream modular grate in the conveying direction of the incinerated garbage. The drop wall (200) has a drop wall cooling air duct. The drop wall cooling air duct has a drop wall air inlet (203) and a drop wall air outlet (202). The drop wall air outlet (202) is connected to the air chamber of the grate section.

8. The grate segment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The drop wall (200) is provided with a drop wall temperature sensor (201); A drop wall regulating valve is provided on the air duct connected to the drop wall air inlet (203); The control system of the drop wall (200) is used to control the opening value of the drop wall regulating valve to an initial opening value when the temperature detected by the drop wall temperature sensor (201) is lower than a second preset temperature threshold, and to increase the opening value of the drop wall regulating valve when the temperature detected by the drop wall temperature sensor (201) is higher than the second preset temperature threshold.

9. The grate segment according to claim 8, characterized in that: The control system of the drop wall (200) further comprises a manual mode, in which the opening value of the drop wall regulating valve can be manually adjusted on a control panel of the control system of the drop wall (200).

10. The grate segment according to claim 9, characterized in that: The control panel of the control system of the drop wall (200) is capable of displaying the temperature measured by the drop wall temperature sensor (201) and the opening value of the drop wall regulating valve.

11. The grate segment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grate block air outlet (308) and the movement direction of the movable grate block (302) of the grate block (300) form a downward angle θ.

12. The grate segment according to claim 11, characterized in that: The angle θ is 10°-60°.

13. The grate segment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed grate block (301) is provided with a grate block temperature sensor (307); A grate block regulating valve is provided on the air duct connected to the air duct (306); The control system of the grate block (300) is used to control the opening value of the grate block regulating valve to an initial opening value when the temperature detected by the grate block temperature sensor (307) is lower than a third preset temperature threshold, and to increase the opening value of the grate block regulating valve when the temperature detected by the grate block temperature sensor (307) is higher than the third preset temperature threshold.

14. The grate segment according to claim 13, characterized in that: The control system of the grate block (300) further comprises a manual mode, in which the opening value of the grate block regulating valve can be manually adjusted on the control panel of the control system of the grate block (300).

15. The grate segment according to claim 14, characterized in that: The control panel of the control system of the grate block (300) is capable of displaying the temperature measured by the grate block temperature sensor (307) and the opening value of the grate block regulating valve.

16. An incinerator, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of grate segments, and the grate segments are the grate segments according to any one of claims 1-15.

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