Excavation method of climbing section of subway entrance and exit

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for excavating a climbing section of a subway entrance and exit, which includes the following steps: excavating upward from the working surface in the station toward the subway entrance and exit to form a part of the upward excavation space, and the ground ramp angle of the upward excavation space is not greater than 20°; excavating downward from the subway entrance and exit toward the upward excavation space to form a part of the downward excavation space, and the downward excavation space is connected with the upward excavation space, and the ground ramp angle of the downward excavation space is not greater than 20°; excavating the remaining part of the downward excavation space and the upward excavation space, and cleaning the slag, so that the downward excavation space and the upward excavation space together form the climbing section. Through the excavation method combining upward excavation and downward excavation, combined with the excavation angle being kept within the range of not more than 20°, the problems of large slopes in the traditional downward excavation construction design, the risks of slippage and sliding of equipment during operation, and the limited space and the inability of large excavators to construct, resulting in a long operation time, are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of subway tunnel construction, and in particular to a method for excavating a climbing section of a subway entrance and exit. Background Art

[0002] In the construction of urban subways, subway entrances and exits are usually close to buildings, or located on sidewalks or green belts. Station entrances and exits usually need to be equipped with two layers of escalators. The current common practice is to use a combination of open and concealed excavation. The escalator above the ground is generally constructed by open excavation due to its shallow burial depth, and the climbing section of the second-layer escalator connecting the station is constructed by concealed excavation.

[0003] The common slope of the climbing section is 30°, which is relatively large. There are risks of slipping and rolling during equipment operation, as well as greater risks of collapse and deformation. In addition, due to space limitations, large excavators cannot go down to work during dark excavation construction, and small excavators have difficulty going up and down the slope. Sometimes, auxiliary measures such as cables and excavator bucket shovel relays are needed in the open excavation section to help them go up and down. As the excavation length increases, multiple excavators are required to relay slag removal, which is not only difficult to construct, but also takes a long time to complete, causing the excavation work to affect the subsequent structural construction of the station. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems or at least partially solve the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a method for excavating a climbing section of a subway entrance and exit.

[0005] The present disclosure provides a method for excavating a climbing section of a subway entrance and exit, which comprises the following steps:

[0006] Performing an upward excavation operation from the working surface in the station toward the subway entrance and exit to form a part of the upward excavation space, wherein the ground ramp angle of the upward excavation space is not greater than 20°;

[0007] Performing a downward excavation operation from the subway entrance toward the upward excavation space to form a part of the downward excavation space, and excavating until the downward excavation space is connected with the upward excavation space, wherein the ground ramp angle of the downward excavation space is not greater than 20°;

[0008] The remaining part of the downward excavation space is excavated, and the debris in the downward excavation space and the upward excavation space is cleaned, so that the downward excavation space and the upward excavation space together form the climbing section.

[0009] Optionally, the step of performing upward excavation from the working surface in the station toward the subway entrance and exit to form a partial upward excavation space specifically includes:

[0010] Excavating the top excavation section from the working surface in the station toward the subway entrance and exit, wherein the ground ramp angle of the top excavation section is not greater than 20°;

[0011] Excavating the bottom upturned excavation section from the ground of the top upturned excavation section, so that the top upturned excavation section and the bottom upturned excavation section together form the partial upturned excavation space;

[0012] The debris produced by the top overturned excavation section and the bottom overturned excavation section are piled up on the working surface in the station.

[0013] Optionally, after the step of accumulating the slag generated by the top overturned excavation section and the bottom overturned excavation section at the working surface in the station, the step further includes:

[0014] Part of the debris produced by the top upturned excavation section and the bottom upturned excavation section is backfilled into the bottom upturned excavation section, so that the top surface of the bottom upturned excavation section forms an upturned excavation climbing surface, and the ramp angle of the upturned excavation climbing surface is not greater than 20°.

[0015] Optionally, the step of performing downward excavation from the subway entrance toward the upward excavation space to form a part of the downward excavation space, and excavating until the downward excavation space is connected with the upward excavation space specifically includes:

[0016] Excavating the first downward excavation section from the subway entrance and exit toward the upward excavation space, and performing advance support;

[0017] A second downward excavation section is partially excavated from the first downward excavation section toward the upward excavation space until the second downward excavation section is connected with the upward excavation space, wherein the slope angle of the ground of the second downward excavation section is not greater than 20°.

[0018] Optionally, before the step of partially excavating the second downward excavation section from the first downward excavation section toward the upward excavation space until the second downward excavation section is connected with the upward excavation space, the step further includes:

[0019] The ground of the first excavated section is trimmed so that the ground of the first excavated section and the ground of the open-cut area connected to the subway entrance and exit are located on the same plane.

[0020] Optionally, after the step of partially excavating the second downward excavation section from the first downward excavation section toward the upward excavation space until the second downward excavation section is connected with the upward excavation space, the step further includes:

[0021] Performing secondary trimming on the ground of the first digging section so that the slope angle of the ground of the first digging section is not greater than 20°;

[0022] The remaining part of the second downward excavation section is excavated from the ground of the second downward excavation section toward the preset ground, so that the slope angle of the ground of the second downward excavation section is not greater than 20°, and the ground of the second downward excavation section is smoothly connected with the ground of the first downward excavation section and the ground of the upward excavation space respectively.

[0023] Optionally, the step of excavating the remaining part of the downward excavation space and cleaning the debris in the downward excavation space and the upward excavation space so that the downward excavation space and the upward excavation space together form the climbing section specifically includes:

[0024] Transporting all the debris accumulated on the working surface in the station and in the overturned excavation space toward the subway entrance and exit;

[0025] The remaining part of the cave body of the downward-cut space is excavated, and all the debris accumulated in the downward-cut space after excavation is transported toward the direction of the subway entrance and exit.

[0026] Optionally, the step of excavating the remaining part of the cave body of the excavated space and transporting all the debris accumulated in the excavated space toward the subway entrance and exit specifically includes:

[0027] A slag retaining wall is reserved at the junction of the downward excavation space and the upward excavation space to prevent the slag in the downward excavation space from sliding into the upward excavation space;

[0028] Excavating the main body of the cave between the ground of the downward excavation space and the preset ground of the climbing section;

[0029] All the debris accumulated in the excavation space is transported toward the subway entrance and exit.

[0030] Optionally, after the step of transporting all the debris accumulated in the excavation space toward the direction of the entrance and exit position, the step further includes:

[0031] The slag retaining wall is demolished, and the slag formed after the demolition is transported toward the direction of the subway entrance and exit.

[0032] Optionally, the horizontal length of the upturned excavation space is 8m to 12m.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

[0034] The climbing section excavation method of the subway entrance and exit provided by the present invention adopts an excavation method that combines overhead excavation and downward excavation, and the excavation angle is kept within a range of no more than 20°, so that the excavation slope is reduced, which makes it more convenient for personnel to go up and down, and the material handling, equipment entry and exit, and installation of work platforms are more convenient and safe, reducing the safety risks of personnel and equipment operations, and also reduces the difficulty of slag removal in the tunnel, speeds up the progress of slag removal operations after excavation, and can also effectively control surrounding rock deformation and tunnel collapse, ensuring safety after excavation, and solving the problems of traditional downward excavation construction design with a large slope, the risk of slippage and sliding of equipment operations, and the long operation time caused by limited space and the inability of large excavators to operate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the climbing section excavation method of the subway entrance and exit according to the embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure after the upward excavation space of the climbing section according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is completed;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure after the upward excavation space of the climbing section according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is completed;

[0040] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first downward excavation section of the downward excavation space of the climbing section according to the embodiment of the present disclosure after completion;

[0041] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a second downward excavation section of the downward excavation space of the climbing section according to an embodiment of the present disclosure after the section is partially completed;

[0042] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the completed digging space part of the climbing section according to the embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0043] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure after the debris in the upward excavation space of the climbing section according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is cleaned;

[0044] Figure 8It is a schematic diagram of the structure after the main body of the cave excavation of the downward excavation space of the climbing section according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is completed;

[0045] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the climbing section described in the embodiment of the present disclosure is excavated.

[0046] Among them, 1. working surface inside the station; 2. upturned excavation space; 21. top upturned excavation section; 22. bottom upturned excavation section; 3. subway entrance and exit; 4. downturned excavation space; 41. first downturned excavation section; 42. second downturned excavation section; 421. top downturned excavation section; 422. bottom downturned excavation section; 5. slag; 6. slag retaining wall; 7. main body inside the tunnel; α, ground ramp angle of the upturned excavation space. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the present disclosure, the scheme of the present disclosure will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present disclosure and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0048] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; it is obvious that the embodiments in the specification are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0049] In the construction of urban subways, subway entrances and exits are usually close to buildings, or located in sidewalks or green belts. Therefore, due to site restrictions, dark excavation is often used. Dark excavation station entrances and exits require the installation of two layers of escalators. When excavating, a combination of open and dark excavation is usually used. Since the escalator above the ground is shallowly buried, the first layer is generally constructed by open excavation, and the second layer of escalator climbing section is constructed by dark excavation.

[0050] The underground excavation construction of the station is generally carried out from top to bottom using the wind shaft and air duct construction at both ends. Because the entrance and exit are connected to the middle plate structure of the station hall layer, it is necessary to open a horse head door on the main structure. From a safety perspective, the underground excavation construction of the entrance and exit is allowed only after the secondary lining structure of the station arch is completed. After the secondary lining of the station arch is completed, the lower part of the station needs to be excavated and lining operations need to be carried out. If the underground excavation construction of the entrance and exit is carried out, the lower excavation and lining operations of the station will not be carried out, affecting the overall progress. Considering safety and progress, the usual practice is to excavate the straight section between the lower climbing section of the station entrance and exit to the middle plate of the station after the secondary lining of the station arch is completed, so as to reduce the safety hazards brought by the later underground excavation of the entrance and exit blasting operation to the main construction of the station. The underground excavation of the second climbing section is carried out from open excavation. For subway stations with relatively loose construction periods, the working surface inside the station can also be used to carry out underground excavation of the entrance and exit first, and then the lower excavation machine structure of the station main body is constructed. The climbing section of the entrance and exit adopts the step method of upward excavation.

[0051] Regardless of whether it is open-cut construction or using the station working surface for overturned construction, the designed slope is 30°. There are risks of slippage and sliding when the equipment is operating. In addition, due to space limitations, large excavators cannot go down to work, and small excavators have difficulty going up and down the slope. Sometimes, auxiliary measures such as cables and excavator bucket relays are needed in the open-cut section to help them go up and down. As the excavation length increases, multiple excavators are required to relay slag, which makes the operation more difficult. In addition, due to the large slope, slag removal is very difficult, and as the excavation length increases, the slag removal operation time increases. If the slag removal time is too long, the initial support and closure cannot be carried out in time, and the tunnel is at risk of collapse and excessive deformation.

[0052] In view of the above defects, this embodiment provides a method for excavating the climbing section of a subway entrance and exit. This method uses a combination of downward excavation and upward excavation, and adopts a height gradient method to adjust the excavation slope by height change, so that the excavation slope is reduced, thereby reducing the safety risks of personnel and equipment operations. Specifically, the content of the method for excavating the climbing section of a subway entrance and exit provided in this embodiment is described as follows;

[0053] like Figure 1-9 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for excavating the climbing section of a subway entrance and exit, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0054] Step 101, performing an upward excavation operation from the working surface 1 in the station toward the subway entrance 3 to form a part of the upward excavation space 2, wherein the ground slope angle α of the upward excavation space 2 is not greater than 20°;

[0055] Step 102, performing a downward excavation operation from the subway entrance 3 toward the upward excavation space 2 to form a part of the downward excavation space 4, and excavating until the downward excavation space 4 is connected with the upward excavation space 2, wherein the ground ramp angle of the downward excavation space 4 is not greater than 20°;

[0056] Step 103 , excavate the remaining part of the downward excavation space 4 and the remaining part of the upward excavation space 2 , and clean the debris 5 in the downward excavation space 4 and the upward excavation space 2 , so that the downward excavation space 4 and the upward excavation space 2 together form a climbing section.

[0057] Among them, the ground ramp angle α of the upward excavation space 2 and the ground ramp angle of the downward excavation space 4 specifically refer to the angle between the ground and the horizontal plane. The working surface 1 in the station is the connecting surface of the subway entrance and exit tunnel connecting the underground station. The top surface of the upward excavation space 2 forms the top surface of the climbing section. Similarly, the top surface of the downward excavation space 4 is also the top surface of the climbing section. That is to say, during the excavation process, the reference surface of the top surface of the climbing section is determined, with the top surface facing the bottom surface, and the upward excavation operation and the downward excavation operation are combined.

[0058] The climbing section excavation method of the subway entrance and exit 3 adopts an excavation method that combines overhead excavation and downward excavation, and the excavation angle is kept within a range of no more than 20°, so that the excavation slope is reduced, which makes it more convenient for personnel to go up and down, and the material handling, equipment entry and exit, and installation of work platforms are more convenient and safe, reducing the safety risks of personnel and equipment operations, and also reduces the difficulty of slag removal in the tunnel, speeds up the progress of slag removal operations after excavation, and can effectively control surrounding rock deformation and tunnel collapse, ensuring safety after excavation, and solving the problems of traditional downward excavation construction design with a large slope, risks of slippage and sliding in equipment operations, and limited space, which makes it impossible for large excavators to operate, resulting in long operation times.

[0059] In this embodiment, the bottom slope angles of the upward excavation space 2 and the downward excavation space 4 are both set to 20°. Of course, in other embodiments, the slope angles can also be flexibly adjusted according to the site conditions.

[0060] In addition, before the climbing section excavation, the arch lining construction inside the station is carried out first, and the station is used to complete the excavation of the straight section of the entrance and exit, and the shotcrete pump is used to compare the heading face. After the lower excavation, lining and middle plate structure of the station are completed, the entrance and exit are excavated from the straight section of the station entrance and exit working surface, that is, the station working surface 1.

[0061] For the overturning operation, step 101 specifically includes the following steps:

[0062] Excavating the top excavation section 21 from the working surface 1 in the station toward the subway entrance 3, wherein the ground slope angle of the top excavation section 21 is not greater than 20°;

[0063] Excavating the bottom excavation section 22 from the ground of the top excavation section 21 toward the preset ground of the climbing section, so that the top excavation section 21 and the bottom excavation section 22 together form a partial excavation space 2;

[0064] The slag 5 produced by the top excavation section 21 and the bottom excavation section 22 is piled up at the working surface 1 in the station. Figure 2 shown.

[0065] The upturned excavation space 2 is jointly affected by the top upturned excavation section 21 and the bottom upturned excavation section 22. When excavating the upturned excavation space 2, the upturned excavation space 2 can be divided into two parts. The top upturned excavation section 21 should be excavated first to avoid the problem that the design slope of the original climbing section is too large, which leads to greater difficulty and risk in the upturned excavation operation.

[0066] In addition, for the excavation process of the upward excavation space 2, it is necessary to control the cycle advance during the excavation process, that is, each cycle excavation advance is one grid installation length. Moreover, during the excavation of the top upward excavation section 21, the excavation drilling and grid installation are all prefabricated in steel pipes to facilitate rapid assembly on site.

[0067] As the excavation length of the top upturned excavation section 21 increases, the height of the top upturned excavation section 21 also gradually increases. As a more appropriate length, considering the accumulation degree of the slag 5 and the influence of the upturned excavation length limitation, in this embodiment, the length of the top upturned excavation section 21 is controlled to be about 10m. It should be noted that the length of the top upturned excavation section 21 here corresponds to the length of the entire upturned excavation space 2, that is, the length of the bottom upturned excavation section 22 corresponds to the length of the top upturned excavation section 21. In addition, the length of the upturned excavation space 2 and the downturned excavation space 4 specifically refers to the extension length in the horizontal direction.

[0068] After the top excavation section 21 is completed, the slag 5 formed after excavation is piled on the bottom plate of the dark excavation section that has been excavated and supported, that is, the inner side of the working surface 1 in the station, to facilitate the excavation of the bottom excavation section 22.

[0069] When excavating the bottom upturned section 22, the gentler ground slope angle formed by the construction of the top upturned section 21 can be utilized. The excavation direction is to start from the heading face formed after the construction of the top upturned section 21 and excavate in the direction of the working surface 1 in the station. This construction method makes it convenient to stack the slag 5 in the direction of the working surface 1 in the station.

[0070] After the construction of the top excavation section 21 and the bottom excavation section 22 is completed, in order to facilitate further construction in the later stage, part of the slag 5 generated by the top excavation section 21 and the bottom excavation section 22 can be further backfilled into the bottom excavation section 22, so that the top surface of the bottom excavation section 22 forms an excavation climbing surface, and the slope angle of the excavation climbing surface is not greater than 20°. For details, see Figure 3 The setting of the climbing surface can facilitate the connection with the upward excavation space 2 during the construction of the downward excavation space 4, avoiding the need to re-trim the climbing surface later and delaying the construction period.

[0071] After the upward excavation space 2 is completed, the position of the open excavation pit, that is, the starting point of the downward excavation space 4, is exposed first, and then the advanced support at the horse head gate at the starting point of the operation is carried out, including advanced small guide tubes, pipe sheds, pre-grouting construction, etc. Settle the settlement monitoring point above the horse head gate at the starting point of the operation, excavate the horse head gate, and then connect 3 grid arch frames at the horse head gate. After completing the above operations, the downward excavation operation is immediately carried out, specifically:

[0072] The first downward excavation section 41 is excavated from the subway entrance 3 toward the upward excavation space 2, and advanced support is performed. For details, see Figure 4 As shown;

[0073] The second downward excavation section 42 is partially excavated from the first downward excavation section 41 toward the upward excavation space 2 until the second downward excavation section 42 is connected with the upward excavation space 2, wherein the slope angle of the ground of the second downward excavation section 42 is not greater than 20°.

[0074] Similarly, the excavated space 4 is divided into a first excavated section 41 and a second excavated section 42 in the length direction to facilitate construction. When excavating the first excavated section 41, the slope angle of the ground of the first excavated section 41 can also be controlled to be no more than 20° to reduce the difficulty and risk of the operation. After the first excavated section 41 is completed, when further excavation is required toward the second excavated section 42, the ground of the first excavated section 41 can be trimmed so that the ground of the first excavated section 41 and the ground of the open excavation area connected to the subway entrance 3 are on the same plane, which is convenient for entering the vehicle. For details, please refer to Figure 5 shown.

[0075] When excavating the first downward excavation section 41, the slag 5 formed after excavation can be removed from the open excavation, that is, the excavator can be used to remove the slag to avoid the accumulation of internal slag 5 and affecting the construction. In addition, similar to the construction of the upward excavation space 2, the cycle advance is controlled during the excavation process, that is, the excavation advance per cycle is one grid installation length.

[0076] Regarding the length setting of the first downward excavation section 41 , in this embodiment, it is set to control the length of the first downward excavation section 41 to be about 6 m, so as to further achieve higher work efficiency.

[0077] It should be noted that the second downward excavation section 42 is partially excavated from the first downward excavation section 41 toward the upward excavation space 2 until the second downward excavation section 42 is connected with the upward excavation space 2. Specifically, after the first downward excavation section 41 is completed, the second downward excavation section 42 only needs to be partially excavated to achieve connection with the upward excavation space 2, and it is not necessary to completely excavate the entire downward excavation space 4. The excavation operation of the second downward excavation section 42 can be divided into two stages.

[0078] In the first stage, only the penetration is completed. At this time, the excavation of the second downward excavation section 42 is concentrated on the top downward excavation part 421 of the second downward excavation section 42. After the top downward excavation part 421 is excavated until the penetration is completed, the ground ramp at the first downward excavation section 41 needs to be readjusted before the remaining part of the second downward excavation section 42 is excavated. Specifically:

[0079] Perform secondary trimming on the ground of the first downward excavation section 41 so that the slope angle of the ground of the first downward excavation section 41 is not greater than 20°;

[0080] The remaining part of the second downward excavation section 42 is excavated from the ground of the second downward excavation section 42 toward the preset ground, so that the slope angle of the ground of the second downward excavation section 42 is not greater than 20°, and the ground of the second downward excavation section 42 is smoothly connected with the ground of the first downward excavation section 41 and the ground of the upward excavation space 2 respectively.

[0081] That is, when excavating the remaining part of the second downward excavation section 42, that is, the downward excavation part 422 at the bottom of the second downward excavation section 42, a ground ramp angle of 20 degrees is formed at the first downward excavation section 41, which is convenient for excavating the remaining part, and at the same time, the slope inclination of the equipment walking is within a safe range, which is convenient for construction operations. For details, see Figure 6 Specifically, for the two ground finishing of the first downward excavation section 41, the embodiment adopts the method of backfilling the muck 5.

[0082] After the excavation of the second down-cut section 42 is completed, the ground of the up-cut space 2 and the down-cut space 4 are connected to form a 20° ground ramp. At this time, the dregs 5 are further transported. Specifically, all the dregs 5 accumulated at the working surface 1 in the station and in the up-cut space 2 are transported toward the subway entrance 3, and then the main body 7 in the hole between the ground of the down-cut space 4 and the preset ground of the climbing section is excavated, and all the dregs 5 accumulated in the down-cut space 4 are transported toward the subway entrance 3.

[0083] Among them, the method for transporting all the debris 5 accumulated on the working surface 1 in the station and in the overhead excavation space 2 toward the subway entrance and exit 3 is specifically to transport the debris 5 generated during the excavation of the overhead excavation space 2, the debris 5 generated in the first downward excavation section 41, and the second downward excavation section 42. There is still a part of the inner body 7 between the ground of the downward excavation space 4 and the preset ground of the climbing section, and further excavation is still required for this part of the inner body 7.

[0084] Before excavating the main body 7 in the hole, the slag 5 of the upturned part is cleaned up. Figure 7 After the slag 5 in the upward excavation space 2 is cleaned, a slag retaining wall 6 can be reserved at the junction of the downward excavation space 4 and the upward excavation space 2. After the slag retaining wall 6 is built, the main body 7 in the hole between the ground of the downward excavation space 4 and the preset ground of the climbing section is excavated, and then all the slag 5 accumulated in the downward excavation space 4 is transported toward the direction of the subway entrance 3. Figure 8 shown.

[0085] The provision of the slag retaining wall 6 can prevent the slag 5 in the downward excavation space 4 from sliding into the upward excavation space 2 when the remaining inner body 7 of the downward excavation space 4 is excavated.

[0086] After the main body 7 in the part of the hole is excavated, the slag retaining wall 6 is removed, and the slag 5 formed after the removal is transported toward the direction of the subway entrance 3. At this time, the removal of the slag retaining wall 6 can be carried out by manual construction due to its small structure, which is simple, convenient and easy to operate.

[0087] After the slag retaining wall 6 is removed, the climbing section is completed as a whole, as can be seen in Fig. 9 .Construction workers can support the entire climbing section after excavation, and then proceed to the next process.

[0088] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0089] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure will not be limited to the embodiments described herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for excavating the climbing section of a subway entrance and exit, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Performing an upward excavation operation from the working surface in the station toward the subway entrance and exit to form a part of the upward excavation space, wherein the ground ramp angle of the upward excavation space is not greater than 20°; Performing a downward excavation operation from the subway entrance toward the upward excavation space to form a part of the downward excavation space, and excavating until the downward excavation space is connected with the upward excavation space, wherein the ground ramp angle of the downward excavation space is not greater than 20°; Excavating the remaining part of the downward excavation space and the remaining part of the upward excavation space, and cleaning the debris in the downward excavation space and the upward excavation space, so that the downward excavation space and the upward excavation space together form a climbing section; The step of performing an upward excavation operation from the working surface in the station toward the subway entrance and exit to form a part of the upward excavation space specifically includes: Excavating the top excavation section from the working surface in the station toward the subway entrance and exit, wherein the ground ramp angle of the top excavation section is not greater than 20°; Excavating the bottom upside excavation section from the ground of the top upside excavation section, so that the top upside excavation section and the bottom upside excavation section together form the upside excavation space; piling up the debris produced by the top overturned excavation section and the bottom overturned excavation section at the working surface in the station; After the step of accumulating the slag generated by the top overturned excavation section and the bottom overturned excavation section at the working surface in the station, the step further includes: Backfill part of the slag produced by the top overturned excavation section and the bottom overturned excavation section to the bottom overturned excavation section, so that the top surface of the bottom overturned excavation section forms an overturned excavation climbing surface, and the ramp angle of the overturned excavation climbing surface is not greater than 20°; The step of performing downward excavation from the subway entrance toward the upward excavation space to form a part of the downward excavation space, and downward excavating until the downward excavation space is connected with the upward excavation space specifically includes: Excavating the first downward excavation section from the subway entrance and exit toward the upward excavation space, and performing advance support; Partially excavating a second downward excavation section from the first downward excavation section toward the upward excavation space until the second downward excavation section is connected with the upward excavation space, wherein the slope angle of the ground of the second downward excavation section is not greater than 20°; Before the step of partially excavating the second downward excavation section from the first downward excavation section toward the upward excavation space until the second downward excavation section is connected with the upward excavation space, the step further includes: trimming the ground of the first excavated section so that the ground of the first excavated section and the ground of the open-cut area of ​​the subway entrance and exit are located on the same plane; After the step of partially excavating the second downward excavation section from the first downward excavation section toward the upward excavation space until the second downward excavation section is connected with the upward excavation space, the step further includes: Performing secondary trimming on the ground of the first digging section so that the slope angle of the ground of the first digging section is not greater than 20°; The remaining part of the second downward excavation section is excavated starting from the ground of the second downward excavation section, so that the slope angle of the ground of the second downward excavation section is not greater than 20°, and the ground of the second downward excavation section is smoothly connected with the ground of the first downward excavation section and the ground of the upward excavation space respectively.

2. The climbing section excavation method of a subway entrance and exit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step of excavating the remaining part of the downward excavation space and the remaining part of the upward excavation space, and cleaning the debris in the downward excavation space and the upward excavation space so that the downward excavation space and the upward excavation space together form a climbing section specifically includes: Transporting all the debris accumulated on the working surface in the station and in the overturned excavation space toward the subway entrance and exit; The remaining part of the cave body of the downward-cut space is excavated, and all the debris accumulated in the downward-cut space after excavation is transported toward the direction of the subway entrance and exit.

3. The climbing section excavation method of a subway entrance and exit according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The step of excavating the remaining part of the cave body of the excavated space and transporting all the debris accumulated in the excavated space toward the subway entrance and exit specifically includes: A slag retaining wall is reserved at the junction of the downward excavation space and the upward excavation space to prevent the slag in the downward excavation space from sliding into the upward excavation space; Excavating the main body of the cave between the ground of the downward excavation space and the preset ground of the climbing section; All the debris accumulated in the excavation space is transported toward the subway entrance and exit.

4. The climbing section excavation method of a subway entrance and exit according to claim 3 is characterized in that: After the step of transporting all the debris accumulated in the excavation space toward the subway entrance and exit, the following step is further included: The slag retaining wall is demolished, and the slag formed after the demolition is transported toward the direction of the subway entrance and exit.

5. The climbing section excavation method of a subway entrance and exit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The horizontal length of the upward excavation space is 8m~12m.

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