A low-nitrogen burner and combustion method for producing hydrogen through high-temperature cracking of methanol

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-nitrogen burner and combustion method for producing hydrogen by high-temperature cracking of methanol. The burner comprises a combustion main cylinder, wherein a mixed gas chamber is connected with a combustion chamber; combustion-supporting air is passed through the mixed gas chamber; an expansion chamber is arranged in the mixed gas chamber, and the expansion chamber is connected with a vacuum generator exhaust port through a pipeline, and the vacuum generator air supply port is connected with a compressed combustion-supporting air supply source, and the negative pressure port of the vacuum generator is arranged at the flue gas outlet position; a plurality of U-shaped tubes are arranged in the methanol atomization annular chamber, and a methanol balancer is arranged at the left ends of the plurality of U-shaped tubes; a plurality of methanol high-temperature cracking tubes and a combustible gas annular tube are arranged in the combustion chamber; an atomizing methanol nozzle and an ignition device are arranged in the combustion chamber, and the atomizing methanol nozzle and the methanol balancer are connected with a methanol storage device through a transmission pipe. A low-nitrogen burner and combustion method for producing hydrogen by high-temperature cracking of methanol provided by the invention can reduce the generation of nitrogen oxides.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of methanol combustion equipment, and in particular to a low-nitrogen burner for producing hydrogen through high-temperature decomposition of methanol and a combustion method. Background Art

[0002] Alcohol hydrogen fuel is an environmentally friendly green energy, free of sulfur (CO, HC, NO x , PM), the combustion products are mainly water vapor and trace amounts of nitrogen oxides, with no residual liquid or residue. Pollutant emissions are lower than those of natural gas, diesel and other fuels. It is considered to be a clean energy source second only to hydrogen in terms of cleanliness.

[0003] Methanol high temperature cracking can generate hydrogen and carbon monoxide combustible gases, and the combustion calorific value of the combustible gases is higher than that of direct combustion of methanol. The combustible gas is directly burned after being mixed with combustion-supporting air, and a large amount of nitrogen oxides are easily generated due to the high flame temperature. Nitrogen oxides will pollute the atmosphere and the environment, so it is necessary to design a low-nitrogen burner for hydrogen production by methanol high temperature cracking to reduce the generation of nitrogen oxides. The method is to use the two methods of flue gas recirculation and staged combustion to reduce the generation of nitrogen oxides. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes a low-nitrogen burner and a combustion method for producing hydrogen through high-temperature cracking of methanol.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A methanol high-temperature cracking hydrogen production low-nitrogen burner and a combustion method, comprising a combustion main cylinder; the combustion main cylinder is divided into a left middle mixed gas chamber, a left outer methanol atomization annular chamber and a right combustion chamber by a partition;

[0007] The mixed gas chamber is connected with the combustion chamber; the mixed gas chamber is provided with combustion-supporting air; an expansion chamber is provided at the left end of the mixed gas chamber, the right outlet end of the expansion chamber is connected with the interior of the mixed gas chamber, the several left inlet ends of the expansion chamber are respectively connected with the exhaust port of the vacuum generator through pipelines, the air supply port of the vacuum generator is connected with the compressed combustion-supporting air supply source, and the negative pressure port of the vacuum generator is correspondingly arranged at the outlet position of the right outer wall of the combustion main cylinder;

[0008] A plurality of U-shaped tubes are arranged in the methanol atomization annular chamber, the right ends of the plurality of U-shaped tubes are connected to the combustion chamber, the left ends of the plurality of U-shaped tubes are connected to a methanol balancer, and each methanol balancer is connected to a methanol storage device through a transmission pipe;

[0009] The combustion chamber is provided with a plurality of methanol high-temperature cracking tubes and a combustible gas annular tube; one tube opening of each methanol high-temperature cracking tube is connected to the left tube opening of the U-shaped tube, and the other tube opening is connected to the inlet end of the combustible gas annular tube; the left outer wall of the combustible gas annular tube is closely connected to the right outer wall of the mixed gas chamber, the combustible gas annular tube comprises a hollow combustible gas annular tube, a hollow combustible gas outside annular tube and a plurality of hollow arc-shaped connecting channels, a plurality of arc-shaped connecting channels are provided between the combustible gas annular tube and the combustible gas outside annular tube, and mutually connected through holes are provided between the combustible gas annular tube, the combustible gas outside annular tube and the plurality of arc-shaped connecting channels; a mixed gas outlet is left between the plurality of arc-shaped connecting channels, and a mixed gas outlet channel is provided on the inner wall of each mixed gas outlet, and the center of the combustible gas annular tube is provided with a mixed gas outlet channel. The hole forms an inner outlet of the mixed gas, and the inner wall of the inner outlet of the mixed gas is provided with an inner outlet channel of the mixed gas, and the outer outlet channel of the mixed gas and the inner outlet channel of the mixed gas are both connected with the mixed gas chamber; a plurality of combustible gas nozzles connected with the inside of the combustible gas annular tube are circumferentially opened on the right outer wall of the combustible gas inner annular tube, and the plurality of combustible gas nozzles are located on the outside of the inner outlet channel of the mixed gas, a plurality of combustible gas outer nozzles connected with the inside of the combustible gas outer annular tube are circumferentially opened on the right outer wall of the combustible gas outer annular tube, and the plurality of combustible gas outer nozzles are located on the outside of the outer outlet channel of the mixed gas; an atomizing methanol nozzle is provided at the left end of the inner part of the combustion chamber, and an ignition device is provided on one side of the atomizing methanol nozzle, the atomizing methanol nozzle and the ignition device are both located at the right end of the combustible gas annular tube, and the atomizing methanol nozzle is connected with the methanol storage via a transmission pipe.

[0010] Preferably, smoke collectors are provided on both side ends of the right outer wall of the combustion main cylinder; the air inlet pipe end of the smoke collector is correspondingly arranged at the outlet position of the right outer wall of the combustion main cylinder, and the air outlet pipe end of the smoke collector is correspondingly arranged at the negative pressure port position of the vacuum generator.

[0011] Preferably, a gas cooling device is provided on the pipeline.

[0012] Preferably, each of the methanol balancers is an inverted L-shaped structure.

[0013] Preferably, a fan is provided inside the mixed gas chamber; a driving pump is provided on the transmission pipe, the pipeline and the air inlet pipe of the smoke collector; the middle part of the mixed gas chamber is conical; a plurality of blades are provided at intervals along the inner conical surface of the conical middle part of the mixed gas chamber.

[0014] Preferably, there are four methanol high-temperature cracking tubes, each of which is U-shaped; and there are four U-shaped tubes.

[0015] Preferably, a plurality of heat insulation plates are provided on the inner wall of the combustion chamber, and the plurality of heat insulation plates are evenly distributed in a circumferential direction on the outside of the methanol high-temperature cracking tube; and the surface of each heat insulation plate facing the center of the combustion chamber is mirror-finished.

[0016] Preferably, a heat insulating material layer is provided inside the partition.

[0017] Preferably, a temperature and flame collection observation port is provided through the outer cylinder surface of the combustion main cylinder, and the temperature and flame collection observation port is located directly opposite to the position between the combustible gas and the external nozzle and the ignition device.

[0018] The present invention also provides a combustion method of a low-nitrogen burner for producing hydrogen through high-temperature decomposition of methanol, comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1: Flue gas mixed with combustion air

[0020] First, the compressed combustion-supporting air enters the vacuum generator, and the negative pressure port of the vacuum generator will suck in the flue gas and mix it with the compressed combustion-supporting air and enter the pipeline, thus performing the first mixing of the flue gas and the air; the mixed gas chamber itself is filled with air, and the flue gas mixed gas enters the expansion chamber, and the volume expands and the pressure decreases at the same time, thus performing the second mixing of the flue gas and the air; the flue gas mixed gas enters the mixed gas chamber again, and this space performs the third mixing of the flue gas and the air, and after the three mixings, the flue gas and the air are evenly mixed; as the mixed gas continuously enters the mixed gas chamber, a stable flow is formed, and then it flows through the mixed gas inner outlet channel and the mixed gas outer outlet channel formed by the combustible gas annular tube;

[0021] S2: Combustion of a mixture of flue gas and combustion air

[0022] Secondly, the methanol in the methanol storage tank flows into the atomizing methanol nozzle through the transmission pipe. The atomizing methanol nozzle atomizes the methanol and mixes it with the third flue gas and air mixture. At the same time, the ignition device is turned on to ignite the mixture of methanol, flue gas and air. The heat from the combustion of methanol begins to heat the methanol high-temperature cracking tube and the combustion chamber. The heat insulation board also makes the methanol high-temperature cracking tube more evenly heated and the temperature rise faster.

[0023] Then, the liquid methanol in the methanol storage tank flows into the methanol balancer at a low flow rate, and then enters the methanol high-temperature cracking tube through the U-shaped tube; the methanol flows slowly and at a small flow rate in the methanol high-temperature cracking tube along the wall surface, so that the temperature of the methanol can be quickly raised to above 800°. At this time, the content of hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the combustible gas produced by the cracking of the methanol is as high as 99%; the combustible gas produced by the cracking enters the combustible gas annular tube, and then is ejected outward through the combustible gas nozzle inside and outside the combustible gas nozzle;

[0024] S3: Equilibration and reflux of methanol

[0025] Finally, after methanol is cracked into combustible gas, the pressure in the methanol high-temperature cracking tube will increase, and the methanol on the right side of the U-shaped tube will flow to the left side, causing the liquid level in the methanol balancer to rise. At the same time, the methanol in the methanol storage tank continuously flows into the methanol balancer, causing the liquid level to continue to rise. The increase in the liquid level causes the methanol on the left side of the U-shaped tube to flow to the right side, and the two gradually reach a dynamic balance, which can prevent the methanol from flowing back to the methanol storage tank and is not affected by the pressure in the methanol high-temperature cracking tube.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] (1) Flue gas recirculation is designed: after the flue gas is mixed with the combustion air, the inert gas in the flue gas can take away part of the heat and reduce the oxygen content of the combustion air to lower the flame temperature;

[0028] (2) A staged combustion is designed: the combustible gas ejected from the combustible gas internal nozzle 20 and the combustible gas external nozzle 21 and the combustion-supporting air are initially in a laminar flow state, and at this time, the two are only partially mixed at the stratification point; the combustible gas ejected from the combustible gas internal nozzle 20 burns first, and at this time, part of the oxygen is consumed to form a primary combustion; the combustible gas ejected from the combustible gas external nozzle 21 is ignited by the primary combustion to form a secondary combustion; the combustible gas that is not burned in the primary combustion and the secondary combustion is completely burned after mixing in the later stage to form a tertiary combustion; the staged combustion realizes a batch combustion mode, reduces the combustion speed and oxygen content, and thus reduces the flame temperature. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is an overall left side view of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 for Figure 2 AA section view in the figure;

[0032] Figure 4 It is an overall right side view of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 It is the overall front view of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 for Figure 5 BB section view in the figure;

[0035] Figure 7 It is a front cross-sectional view of the whole of the present invention after the fan, driving pump and blades are installed;

[0036] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0037] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.11 for Fig.10 Right view of .

[0040] In the figure: 1. combustion main cylinder; 2. mixed gas chamber; 3. methanol atomization annular chamber; 4. combustion chamber; 5. U-shaped tube; 6. partition; 7. insulation material layer; 8. expansion chamber; 9. pipeline; 10. gas cooling device; 11. vacuum generator; 12. flue gas collector; 14. methanol balancer; 15. transmission pipe; 16. methanol high-temperature cracking tube; 17. combustible gas annular tube; 171. combustible gas annular tube; 172. combustible gas outer annular tube; 173. arc connecting channel; 18. mixed gas outer outlet channel; 19. mixed gas inner outlet channel; 20. combustible gas nozzle; 21. combustible gas outer nozzle; 22. atomizing methanol nozzle; 23. ignition device; 24. methanol storage; 25. fan; 26. drive pump; 27. blades; 28. insulation board; 29. ​​temperature and flame collection observation port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more than two; the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "head", "tail", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0044] Example:

[0045] like Figure 1-11 As shown, a methanol high temperature cracking hydrogen production low nitrogen burner and combustion method, comprising a combustion main cylinder 1; the combustion main cylinder 1 is divided into a left middle mixed gas chamber 2, a left outer methanol atomization annular chamber 3 and a right combustion chamber 4 by a partition 6. A heat insulation material layer 7 is provided in the partition 6.

[0046] The mixed gas chamber 2 is connected to the combustion chamber 4; the mixed gas chamber 2 is provided with combustion-supporting air; the middle part of the mixed gas chamber 2 is conical; the conical middle part of the mixed gas chamber 2 is provided with a plurality of blades 27 at intervals along its inner conical surface. An expansion chamber 8 is provided at the left end of the mixed gas chamber 2, the right outlet end of the expansion chamber 8 is connected to the inside of the mixed gas chamber 2, and the several left inlet ends of the expansion chamber 8 are respectively connected to the exhaust port of the vacuum generator 11 through the pipeline 9, and a gas cooling device 10 is provided on the pipeline 9. The air supply port of the vacuum generator 11 is connected to the compressed combustion-supporting air supply source, and the negative pressure port of the vacuum generator 11 is correspondingly arranged at the outlet pipe end position of the smoke collector 12. The smoke collector 12 is provided at both sides of the right outer wall of the combustion main cylinder 1, and the air inlet pipe end of the smoke collector 12 is correspondingly arranged at the outlet position of the right outer wall of the combustion main cylinder 1. The gas cooling device 10 is provided on the pipeline 9 to cool the smoke to normal temperature.

[0047] Four U-shaped tubes 5 are arranged in the methanol atomization annular chamber 3, the right ends of the four U-shaped tubes 5 are connected to the combustion chamber 4, and the left ends of the four U-shaped tubes 5 are connected to a methanol balancer 14, each methanol balancer 14 is an inverted L-shaped structure, and each methanol balancer 14 is connected to the methanol storage 24 through a transmission pipe 15.

[0048] Four methanol high-temperature cracking tubes 16 and a combustible gas annular tube 17 are arranged in the combustion chamber 4; each methanol high-temperature cracking tube 16 is U-shaped, and one tube opening of each methanol high-temperature cracking tube 16 is connected to the left end tube opening of the U-shaped tube 5, and the other tube opening is connected to the inlet end of the combustible gas annular tube 17.

[0049] The left outer wall of the combustible gas annular pipe 17 is closely connected to the outer wall of the right end of the mixed gas chamber 2. The combustible gas annular pipe 17 includes a hollow combustible gas inner annular pipe 171, a hollow combustible gas outer annular pipe 172 and a plurality of hollow arc-shaped connecting channels 173. A plurality of arc-shaped connecting channels 173 are arranged between the combustible gas annular pipe 171 and the combustible gas outer annular pipe 172. Through holes that are interconnected are opened between the combustible gas annular pipe 171, the combustible gas outer annular pipe 172 and the plurality of arc-shaped connecting channels 173.

[0050] A mixed gas external outlet is left between the multiple arc-shaped connecting channels 173, and the inner wall of each mixed gas external outlet is provided with a mixed gas external outlet channel 18. The central hole of the combustible gas annular tube 171 forms a mixed gas internal outlet, and the inner wall of the mixed gas internal outlet is provided with a mixed gas internal outlet channel 19. The mixed gas external outlet channel 18 and the mixed gas internal outlet channel 19 are both connected to the mixed gas chamber 2.

[0051] A plurality of combustible gas nozzles 20 are circumferentially opened on the right outer wall of the combustible gas inner annular pipe 171 and are connected to the interior of the combustible gas inner annular pipe 171, and the plurality of combustible gas nozzles 20 are located on the outside of the mixed gas inner outlet channel 19; a plurality of combustible gas outer nozzles 21 are circumferentially opened on the right outer wall of the combustible gas outer annular pipe 172 and are connected to the interior of the combustible gas outer annular pipe 172, and the plurality of combustible gas outer nozzles 21 are located on the outside of the mixed gas outer outlet channel 18.

[0052] An atomizing methanol nozzle 22 is provided at the left end of the combustion chamber 4 and an ignition device 23 is provided on one side of the atomizing methanol nozzle 22. The atomizing methanol nozzle 22 and the ignition device 23 are both located at the right end of the combustible gas annular pipe 17. The atomizing methanol nozzle 22 is connected to the methanol storage 24 through the transmission pipe 15.

[0053] A plurality of heat insulation plates 28 are arranged on the inner wall of the combustion chamber 4 , and the plurality of heat insulation plates 28 are evenly distributed in a circumferential direction outside the methanol high-temperature cracking tube 16 ; the surface of each heat insulation plate 28 facing the center of the combustion chamber 4 is mirror-finished.

[0054] A fan 25 is provided inside the mixed gas chamber 2 ; a driving pump 26 is provided on the transmission pipe 15 , the pipeline 9 and the air inlet pipe of the smoke collector 12 .

[0055] A temperature and flame collection observation port 29 is provided through the outer cylinder surface of the combustion main cylinder 1 , and the temperature and flame collection observation port 29 is located directly in the combustible gas and between the outer nozzle and the ignition device 23 .

[0056] The present invention also provides a combustion method of a low-nitrogen burner for producing hydrogen through high-temperature decomposition of methanol, comprising the following steps:

[0057] S1: Flue gas mixed with combustion air

[0058] The compressed combustion-supporting air enters the vacuum generator 11 through the air supply port, and the vacuum generator 11 will generate negative pressure at the negative pressure port. The negative pressure generated by the negative pressure port will suck in the flue gas and mix it with the compressed combustion-supporting air and enter the pipeline 9. At this time, the first mixing of the flue gas and the air is carried out; after the flue gas mixture enters the expansion chamber 8, the volume expands and the pressure is reduced. At this time, the second mixing of the flue gas and the air is carried out, and the mixed gas chamber 2 itself is already filled with air; then the flue gas mixture enters the mixed gas chamber 2 through the outlet, and this space is relatively large, so the third mixing of the flue gas and the air is carried out; after the three mixings, the flue gas and the air are evenly mixed; as the mixed gas continuously enters the mixed gas chamber 2, a stable flow is formed, and then it flows through the mixed gas inner outlet channel 19 and the mixed gas outer outlet channel 18 formed by the combustible gas annular pipe 17; the inner cone of the mixed gas chamber 2 is equipped with blades 27, and the spiral blades 27 cause the combustion-supporting air in the mixed gas chamber 2 to rotate, further accelerating the mixing;

[0059] The driving pump 26 is turned on to make the methanol in the methanol storage 24 flow into the atomizing methanol nozzle 22 through the transmission pipe 15. The atomizing methanol nozzle 22 atomizes the methanol and mixes it with the third flue gas and air mixture. At the same time, the ignition device 23 is turned on to ignite the mixture of methanol, flue gas and air. The heat from the combustion of methanol begins to heat the methanol high-temperature cracking tube 16 and the combustion chamber 4. A heat insulation board 28 is arranged on the inner wall of the combustion chamber 4. The surface of the heat insulation board 28 facing the center is mirror-finished, which can minimize heat loss. At the same time, the mirror can reflect heat back and forth in the combustion chamber 4, heating the methanol high-temperature cracking tube 16 back and forth from all directions, so that the methanol high-temperature cracking tube 16 is heated more evenly and the temperature rise is faster.

[0060] The fan 25, the driving pump 26 and the ignition device 23 can be electrically connected to the controller and controlled to start by the controller. The controller can be installed outside the combustion main cylinder 1. The panels and walls inside the combustion main cylinder 1 are provided with wire holes for the fan 25, the driving pump 26 and the ignition device 23.

[0061] S2: Combustion of a mixture of flue gas and combustion air

[0062] The driving pump 26 is turned on to allow the liquid methanol in the methanol storage 24 to flow into the methanol balancer 14 (a flow regulating valve may be provided on the transmission pipe 15) at a low flow rate, and then enter the methanol high-temperature cracking pipe 16 through the U-shaped pipe 5; due to the low flow rate and low flow rate of methanol, it will not enter the methanol high-temperature cracking pipe 16 in a jetting manner, but will flow slowly and at a small flow rate along the wall in the methanol high-temperature cracking pipe 16 - this is to allow the methanol to quickly rise in temperature to more than 800°, at which time the contents of hydrogen (H2) and carbon monoxide (CO) in the combustible gases produced by the cracking of methanol can be as high as 99%. If the temperature rise is slow, this process will produce other substances such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) that are not conducive to combustion, thereby reducing the utilization rate of methanol; the combustible gas produced by the cracking enters the combustible gas annular pipe 17 in the combustible gas annular pipe 17, and then sprays outward through the combustible gas internal nozzle 20 and the combustible gas external nozzle 21;

[0063] S3: Equilibration and reflux of methanol

[0064] After methanol is cracked into combustible gas, the pressure in the methanol high-temperature cracking tube 16 will increase, and the methanol on the right side of the U-shaped tube 5 will flow to the left side, causing the liquid level in the methanol balancer 14 to rise. At the same time, the methanol in the methanol storage tank 24 continues to flow into the methanol balancer 14, causing the liquid level to continue to rise. The increase in the liquid level causes the methanol on the left side of the U-shaped tube 5 to flow to the right side, and the two gradually reach a dynamic balance - this structure can prevent methanol from flowing back to the methanol storage tank 24, and is not affected by the pressure in the methanol high-temperature cracking tube 16.

[0065] When the temperature and flame collection observation port 29 detects that the combustible gas at the combustible gas annular pipe 17 is burning normally, the atomizing methanol nozzle 22 is closed to stop the combustion of methanol, and the temperature of the combustible gas combustion at the combustible gas annular pipe 17 is used to heat the methanol high-temperature cracking tube 16.

[0066] This solution reduces the flame temperature and can reduce the generation of nitrogen oxides by combining the following two methods:

[0067] (1) Flue gas recirculation: After the flue gas is mixed with the combustion air, the inert gas in the flue gas can take away some of the heat and reduce the oxygen content of the combustion air to reduce the flame temperature;

[0068] (2) Staged combustion: the combustible gas ejected from the combustible gas nozzle 20 and the combustible gas nozzle 21 and the combustion-supporting air are initially in a laminar flow state, and at this time, the two are only partially mixed at the stratification point; the combustible gas ejected from the combustible gas nozzle 20 burns first, and at this time, part of the oxygen is consumed, forming a primary combustion; the combustible gas ejected from the combustible gas nozzle 21 is ignited by the primary combustion, forming a secondary combustion; the combustible gas that is not burned in the primary combustion and the secondary combustion is completely burned after mixing in the latter stage, forming a tertiary combustion; the staged combustion realizes a batch combustion mode (the combustion amount each time is not too much), reduces the combustion speed and oxygen content, and thus reduces the flame temperature. The principle diagram is shown in FIG. Figure 7 (as shown by the middle dotted arrow).

[0069] The above are only preferred specific implementation modes of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A methanol high temperature cracking hydrogen production low nitrogen burner, comprising a combustion main cylinder (1); characterized in that: The combustion main cylinder (1) is divided into a left middle mixed gas chamber (2), a left outer methanol atomization annular chamber (3) and a right combustion chamber (4) by a partition (6); The mixed gas chamber (2) is connected to the combustion chamber (4); the mixed gas chamber (2) is filled with combustion-supporting air; an expansion chamber (8) is provided at the left end of the mixed gas chamber (2); the right outlet end of the expansion chamber (8) is connected to the interior of the mixed gas chamber (2); a plurality of left inlet ends of the expansion chamber (8) are respectively connected to the exhaust port of a vacuum generator (11) through a pipeline (9); the air supply port of the vacuum generator (11) is connected to a compressed combustion-supporting air supply source; and the negative pressure port of the vacuum generator (11) is correspondingly arranged at the outlet position of the right outer wall of the combustion main cylinder (1); A plurality of U-shaped tubes (5) are arranged in the methanol atomization annular chamber (3), the right ends of the plurality of U-shaped tubes (5) are connected to the combustion chamber (4), the left ends of the plurality of U-shaped tubes (5) are connected to a methanol balancer (14), and each methanol balancer (14) is connected to a methanol storage (24) via a transmission pipe (15); A plurality of methanol high-temperature cracking tubes (16) and a combustible gas annular tube (17) are arranged in the combustion chamber (4); one tube opening of each methanol high-temperature cracking tube (16) is connected to the left tube opening of the U-shaped tube (5), and the other tube opening is connected to the inlet end of the combustible gas annular tube (17); the left outer wall of the combustible gas annular tube (17) is closely connected to the right outer wall of the mixed gas chamber (2), and the combustible gas annular tube (17) comprises a hollow combustible gas annular tube (171), a hollow combustible gas outside annular tube (172) and a plurality of hollow combustible gas annular tubes (171). A hollow arc-shaped connecting channel (173) is provided between the combustible gas annular tube (171) and the combustible gas external annular tube (172), and mutually communicating through holes are provided between the combustible gas annular tube (171), the combustible gas external annular tube (172) and the multiple arc-shaped connecting channels (173); a mixed gas outlet is left between the multiple arc-shaped connecting channels (173), and the inner wall of each mixed gas outlet is provided with a mixed gas outlet channel (18), and the central hole of the combustible gas annular tube (171) forms a The inner wall of the inner outlet of the mixed gas is provided with an inner outlet channel (19), and the outer outlet channel (18) and the inner outlet channel (19) are both connected to the mixed gas chamber (2); a plurality of combustible gas nozzles (20) are circumferentially opened on the right outer wall of the inner annular tube (171) of the combustible gas, and are connected to the inside of the annular tube (171) of the combustible gas, and the plurality of combustible gas nozzles (20) are located on the outside of the inner outlet channel (19); a plurality of combustible gas nozzles (20) are circumferentially opened on the right outer wall of the outer annular tube (172) of the combustible gas, and are connected to the inside of the annular tube (171) of the combustible gas, and the plurality of combustible gas nozzles (20) are located on the outside of the inner outlet channel (19); There are a plurality of combustible gas external nozzles (21) connected to the inside of the combustible gas external annular tube (172), and the plurality of combustible gas external nozzles (21) are located outside the mixed gas external outlet channel (18); an atomizing methanol nozzle (22) is provided at the left end of the combustion chamber (4), and an ignition device (23) is provided on one side of the atomizing methanol nozzle (22); the atomizing methanol nozzle (22) and the ignition device (23) are both located at the right end of the combustible gas annular tube (17), and the atomizing methanol nozzle (22) is connected to a methanol storage (24) via a transmission tube (15); Smoke collectors (12) are provided at both side ends of the right outer wall of the combustion main cylinder (1); the air inlet pipe end of the smoke collector (12) is arranged correspondingly at the outlet position of the right outer wall of the combustion main cylinder (1), and the air outlet pipe end of the smoke collector (12) is arranged correspondingly at the negative pressure port position of the vacuum generator (11).

2. A low-nitrogen burner for producing hydrogen through high-temperature decomposition of methanol according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gas cooling device (10) is provided on the pipeline (9).

3. A low-nitrogen burner for producing hydrogen through high-temperature decomposition of methanol according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the methanol balancers (14) is an inverted L-shaped structure.

4. A low-nitrogen burner for producing hydrogen through high-temperature decomposition of methanol according to claim 3, characterized in that: A fan (25) is provided inside the mixed gas chamber (2); a driving pump (26) is provided on the air inlet pipe of the transmission pipe (15), the pipeline (9) and the smoke collector (12); the middle part of the mixed gas chamber (2) is conical; and a plurality of blades (27) are provided at intervals along the inner conical surface of the conical middle part of the mixed gas chamber (2).

5. A low-nitrogen burner for producing hydrogen through high-temperature decomposition of methanol according to claim 3, characterized in that: There are four methanol high-temperature cracking tubes (16), each of which is U-shaped; and there are four U-shaped tubes (5).

6. A low-nitrogen burner for producing hydrogen through high-temperature decomposition of methanol according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of heat insulation plates (28) are arranged on the inner wall of the combustion chamber (4), and the plurality of heat insulation plates (28) are evenly distributed in a circumferential direction outside the methanol high-temperature cracking tube (16); and the surface of each heat insulation plate (28) facing the center of the combustion chamber (4) is mirror-finished.

7. A low-nitrogen burner for producing hydrogen through high-temperature decomposition of methanol according to claim 3, characterized in that: A heat insulation material layer (7) is provided inside the partition (6).

8. A low-nitrogen burner for producing hydrogen through high-temperature decomposition of methanol according to claim 3, characterized in that: A temperature and flame collection observation port (29) is provided through the outer surface of the combustion main cylinder (1), and the temperature and flame collection observation port (29) is located directly at a position between the internal and external nozzles of the combustible gas and the ignition device (23).

9. A combustion method of a low-nitrogen burner for producing hydrogen through high-temperature decomposition of methanol as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Flue gas mixed with combustion air First, the compressed combustion-supporting air enters the vacuum generator (11), and the negative pressure port of the vacuum generator (11) sucks in the flue gas and mixes it with the compressed combustion-supporting air and enters the pipe (9), thus performing the first mixing of the flue gas and the air; the mixed gas chamber (2) itself is filled with air, and after the flue gas mixed gas enters the expansion chamber (8), the volume expands and the pressure decreases, and at this time, the flue gas and the air are mixed for the second time; the flue gas mixed gas enters the mixed gas chamber (2) again, and this space performs the third mixing of the flue gas and the air, and after the three mixings, the flue gas and the air are evenly mixed; as the mixed gas continuously enters the mixed gas chamber (2), a stable flow is formed, and then it flows through the mixed gas inner outlet channel (19) and the mixed gas outer outlet channel (18) formed by the combustible gas annular pipe (17); S2: Combustion of a mixture of flue gas and combustion air Secondly, the methanol in the methanol storage tank flows into the atomizing methanol nozzle (22) through the transmission pipe (15), the atomizing methanol nozzle (22) atomizes the methanol and mixes it with the third flue gas and air mixture, and at the same time, the ignition device (23) is turned on to ignite the mixture of methanol, flue gas and air, and the heat of the methanol combustion begins to heat the methanol high-temperature cracking tube (16) and the combustion chamber (4); the heat insulation board (28) also makes the methanol high-temperature cracking tube (16) more evenly heated and the temperature rise faster; Then, the liquid methanol in the methanol storage tank flows into the methanol balancer (14) at a low flow rate, and then enters the methanol high-temperature cracking tube (16) through the U-shaped tube (5); the methanol flows slowly and at a small flow rate in the methanol high-temperature cracking tube (16) along the wall surface, so that the temperature of the methanol can be quickly raised to above 800°. At this time, the content of hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the combustible gas generated by the cracking of the methanol is as high as 99%; the combustible gas generated by the cracking enters the combustible gas annular tube (17), and then is ejected outward through the combustible gas internal nozzle (20) and the combustible gas external nozzle (21); S3: Equilibrium and reflux of methanol Finally, after the methanol is cracked into combustible gas, the pressure in the methanol high-temperature cracking tube (16) increases, and the methanol on the right side of the U-shaped tube (5) flows to the left side, causing the liquid level in the methanol balancer (14) to rise. At the same time, the methanol in the methanol storage device continuously flows into the methanol balancer (14), causing the liquid level to continue to rise. The increase in the liquid level causes the methanol on the left side of the U-shaped tube (5) to flow to the right side, and the two gradually reach a dynamic balance, which can prevent the methanol from flowing back to the methanol storage device and is not affected by the pressure in the methanol high-temperature cracking tube (16).

Images