A low-power Internet of Things platform supporting long connections and its equipment and management method

Abstract

A low-power Internet of Things platform supporting long connections and its equipment and management method, belonging to the field of Internet of Things technology, the Internet of Things platform is divided into three layers: cloud, edge, and end. The cloud layer is the cloud side of the Internet of Things platform, the edge layer is the edge side of the operating system, and the end layer is the bottom-level device; the edge side of the operating system and the cloud side of the Internet of Things platform exchange messages through a websocket / MQTT connection method to achieve data collaboration, application collaboration, and management collaboration; the edge side of the operating system is deployed with containerized firmware on the edge hardware; the containerized firmware has a device shadow module, a security control module, a time series database module, and a message queue module built in. The platform, equipment, and method of the present invention realize edge-cloud data collaboration, application collaboration, and management collaboration, and use reliable message transmission at the cloud edge to reduce transmission costs, shorten the waiting time between data and decision-making, and improve service quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of Internet of Things technology, and specifically relates to an Internet of Things platform, equipment, and management method that provide full-scenario services such as supporting rapid access of massive heterogeneous devices, device management, data analysis, and edge intelligence. Background Art

[0002] Modern IoT technology has been deeply integrated into all aspects of society, such as municipal administration, gas, water, construction and other industries. IoT technology is the exchange and transmission of information between objects through information sensing equipment. IoT can not only perform intelligent identification, but also achieve effective positioning and tracking, real-time monitoring, and plays an indispensable role in safety management. In particular, in the construction industry where the number of mechanical equipment is large, the on-site management is extremely difficult, and it is difficult to ensure high-efficiency construction operations; and in the gas industry where the gas pipeline network architecture is becoming more and more dense, more and more complex, and the pipelines are updated more and more frequently, and the pipelines are prone to blockage and leakage, the full life cycle management system enabled by IoT technology appears in time, making managers more "sharp-eyed and sharp-eared", and becoming a powerful tool for solving problems. IoT technology can effectively prevent and respond to various emergencies, in line with the needs of industry development, and escort the economic and social development of cities.

[0003] However, the applicability of IoT platforms is complex due to the complex scenarios of various industries and the many feature requirements. IoT platform design also faces the following problems:

[0004] (1) Device diversity: The IoT industry has a large number of devices and instruments from various manufacturers. The same device has different acquisition parameters when used in different scenarios. Manufacturers of integrated equipment customize their own devices and protocols, which increases the diversity and complexity of devices. Device diversity poses challenges to device access and device modeling. Therefore, how to quickly access devices, establish device models, and manage them in a unified manner is a problem that the IoT platform must solve.

[0005] (2) Protocol complexity: IoT protocols cover different layers such as the physical layer, link layer, transport layer, and application layer. Commonly used IoT protocols in the industry include CoAP, LwM2M, MQTT, and other standard IoT protocols. They also involve industrial protocols such as OPC-UA, OPC-DA, ModbusRTU, and Modbus TCP. Low-power and wireless protocols include BLE, NB-IoT, and LoRa. Due to the large number of device types, diverse connection media, low power consumption, and complex scenarios, communications include wireless and wired communications, and there are a large number of TCP / UDP-based customized protocols. Therefore, it is very difficult to flexibly configure and manage multiple rules and policies on the platform, quickly and conveniently complete protocol conversion with data security, and parse the protocol to obtain valid data and report it accurately, timely, and orderly.

[0006] (3) Massive data storage issues: Real-time monitoring data from devices and sensors can reach TB or even more per day. How to collect, transmit, store and analyze data involves high-concurrency read and write TPS and QPS requirements. As data accumulates over time (for example, the default storage period is more than half a year) and reaches 100 billion, the IOPS parameters of the cloud hard disk and the performance requirements of the database server will also increase accordingly. Real-time monitoring has second-level requirements for data accuracy and timeliness. Therefore, performance, security and reliability are the difficulties that the IoT platform must deal with.

[0007] (4) Remote and automatic control issues: The business coverage area, location and business form require the Internet of Things to support remote control and unattended operation. As the industry improves the refinement of security operations and management, smart stations and smart applications also put forward higher requirements for remote and automatic control; low-power scenarios face complex situations such as signal interference, device sleep and offline, so the accuracy and timeliness of remote control are also issues that need to be considered.

[0008] (5) Security control issues for business applications: In unmanned sites and business and application areas with security requirements, it is necessary to consider the redundancy and switching of links and communications at the same time. Public networks and intranets, wired and wireless, and dual wireless all exist in actual sites, APN and ordinary 2 / 3 / 4G cards, and multiple operators such as China Telecom, China Mobile, and China Unicom. Therefore, various forms such as fixed IP and dynamic IP bring huge pressure on the configuration and management of the link management and security control of the platform. Summary of the invention

[0009] In response to the five major technical bottlenecks of the above-mentioned existing Internet of Things platform technology, the present invention provides a low-power Internet of Things platform that supports long connections, and its equipment and management method. The platform and equipment can take into account centralized collection, remote control and edge-cloud collaboration at the same time, and can especially realize unified connection management under the conditions of long connection and low power consumption, and achieve efficient protocol parsing.

[0010] The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0011] A low-power IoT platform that supports long connections. The IoT platform is divided into three layers: cloud, edge, and end. The cloud layer is the cloud side of the IoT platform, the edge layer is the edge side of the operating system, and the end layer is the lowest-level device.

[0012] The IoT platform cloud includes 6 modules, namely, connection management module, message queue module, rule engine module, security authentication module, private or hosted cloud platform module and cloud service module;

[0013] The edge side of the operating system includes 8 modules, which are edge application module, open API module, communication bus module, edge node component module, runtime component module, data storage component module, security control component module and OS Kemel Docker module;

[0014] The edge side of the operating system and the cloud side of the IoT platform exchange messages through a websocket / MQTT connection to achieve data collaboration, application collaboration, and management collaboration; the end layer can be directly connected to the cloud IoT platform, or connected to the cloud IoT platform through an edge gateway agent.

[0015] The direct connection is 3G, 4G, wired or wireless connection;

[0016] The terminal layer and the cloud IoT platform perform data transmission via LTE Cat-NB1 or NB-IoT protocol;

[0017] The edge side of the operating system has containerized firmware deployed on edge hardware;

[0018] The edge side of the operating system is located at the data source side of the Internet of Things. The edge side of the operating system integrates network, computing, storage and application core capabilities, and uses a distributed model to provide edge intelligent services nearby to meet the key needs of industry digitalization in agile connection, real-time business, data optimization, application intelligence, security and privacy protection; the edge side of the operating system can serve as a bridge connecting the physical world and the digital world to realize intelligent equipment, intelligent gateways, intelligent systems and intelligent services.

[0019] In the above technical solution, the connection management module is used to specifically manage multiple rules and policies, classify and manage the connections of devices by protocol type, device type, access method, etc., and present them in the form of a device map.

[0020] In the above technical solution, the message queue module is used to process the communication sequence between the device and the cloud, arrange the queue reasonably, improve the data transmission efficiency, and ensure the stable operation of the platform under large data connection volume.

[0021] In the above technical solution, the rule engine module is responsible for parsing the data reported by the device and issuing control commands from the cloud; all services are decoupled through the rule engine, and the rule engine can directly put the data into the business system database, and can also be pushed to the business system message queue for use by the business system, and flexibly customize the data flow logic.

[0022] In the above technical solution, the security authentication module is responsible for ensuring the security of network communications, defending against external attacks, and device access of different network links, including wired, wireless, 3G, 4G, fixed IP and adaptive IP.

[0023] In the above technical solution, the private or hosted cloud platform module is to improve the scalability and security of the server.

[0024] In the above technical solution, the cloud service module is used to manage the cloud server and the visual operation page is convenient for directly managing the resources in the cloud.

[0025] In the above technical solution, the edge application module is used to manage applications deployed in the device container. These applications are essential applications for realizing the functions of the Internet of Things platform. Different types of devices require different applications, which are uniformly managed in the edge application.

[0026] In the above technical solution, the open API module is used to perform open and unified management of the APIs used by all IoT platforms to achieve cross-regional interaction.

[0027] In the above technical solution, the communication bus module is used to manage data transmission on the edge side, uses the SPI bus protocol, supports multi-slave mode applications, and generally sets a single Master; the clock is controlled by the Master, and under the clock shift pulse, the data is transmitted bit by bit, with the high bit first and the low bit last (MSBfirst); the SPI interface has two unidirectional data lines, which is full-duplex communication, and the data transmission rate in the Internet of Things platform can reach 6Mbps.

[0028] In the above technical solution, the edge node component module is used to build a business processing module on the edge side close to the user, provide storage, computing, network and other resources, and sink some key business applications to the edge of the access network to reduce the width and delay losses caused by network transmission and multi-level forwarding.

[0029] In the above technical solution, the runtime component module is the main process used to control the execution of the application program, that is, each application program will be controlled and executed by the runtime component module; the runtime component module will monitor the running status of each event and store the running status resource consumption information.

[0030] In the above technical solution, the data storage component module is responsible for the edge-side storage of the device-reported data, and stores the hot data reported by the device within a certain period of time; the data storage component module adopts the database design of postgre+TimescaleDB.

[0031] In the above technical solution, the security control component module is responsible for monitoring the current operating status of the device, for capturing abnormalities during device operation, monitoring abnormal status of the device, supporting custom alarm rules, setting trigger thresholds, and directly sending device status alarm information.

[0032] In the above technical solution, the OS Kemel Docker module is a kernel that customizes the operating system for edge devices, so that the size of the customized system is controlled within 700M; at the same time, OS Kemel Docker is also responsible for the interaction between the device and the cloud.

[0033] An IoT platform management system architecture, applied to the above-mentioned low-power IoT platform supporting long connections, the management system architecture includes an edge layer, a PaaS layer and an application layer;

[0034] The edge layer is an edge gateway, and the edge gateway is respectively connected to an event-driven module, a message queue module and an intelligent model module;

[0035] The PaaS layer is divided into an IOT cloud service layer, an intelligent model service layer and a container cloud layer; the IOT cloud service layer is connected to a rule engine module, a device management module and a security authentication module; the intelligent model service layer is connected to a knowledge graph module, a machine learning module and a heterogeneous storage module; the container cloud layer is connected to a service grid module, a topology monitoring module and a resource scheduling module;

[0036] The application layer is connected with an asset management module, a monitoring system module, an intelligent valve control module and a large display screen module.

[0037] A containerized firmware is applied to the edge side of the operating system of the above-mentioned low-power Internet of Things platform supporting long connections. The containerized firmware has a device shadow module, a security control module, a time series database module and a message queue module built in. The device shadow module is used to monitor the device data reporting in real time, and can also view the device's historical operation status and logs, and set thresholds to monitor the device; the security control module is responsible for ensuring network communication security, defending against external attacks, and device access of different network links; the time series database module is used to store a large amount of historical data generated by a number of devices every day; the message queue module is used to process the communication sequence between the device and the cloud, reasonably arrange the queue, improve the data transmission efficiency, and ensure the stable operation of the platform under the large data connection volume.

[0038] In the above technical solution, the containerized firmware is connected to sensors and field devices.

[0039] A management method for a low-power Internet of Things platform supporting long connections includes the following steps:

[0040] Step 1: The edge side of the operating system deploys containerized firmware on the edge hardware. The containerized firmware has a built-in device shadow module, security control module, time series database module, and message queue module.

[0041] Step 2: The containerized firmware unifies the data protocol and format of the field devices and sensors through protocol conversion and organizes the data format;

[0042] Step 3: The containerized firmware transmits data to the IoT platform cloud through the edge hub;

[0043] Step 4: The IoT platform cloud calculates and models the uploaded data;

[0044] Step 5: The IoT platform sends model parameters and command information to the end layer from the cloud. After the end layer device responds, it performs the corresponding operation.

[0045] Compared with the existing Internet of Things platform technology, the low-power Internet of Things platform supporting long connections and its equipment and management method of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0046] 1. The containerized firmware of the present invention can quickly access devices and sensors, and transmit data to the cloud of the Internet of Things platform through the edge Hub. The cloud of the Internet of Things platform is set up with the back edge layer, PaaS layer and application layer, which can establish a device model and manage it in a unified manner. Rapid access is achieved by establishing a device model. Different types of commonly used devices are respectively established as device models, and the configuration information is uniformly stored in the containerized firmware, and is completely stored in the cloud. When a new device is connected, the containerized firmware is directly deployed and the container is started. The container will send the configuration to the cloud according to the current model, and automatically download the software required for the model, automatically complete the installation and go online in the cloud. From unpacking and powering on the device to going online in the cloud, the entire process can be completed within 5 minutes.

[0047] 2. The connection management module is specifically responsible for managing multiple rules and policies. It classifies and manages devices by protocol type, device type, access method, etc., and presents them in the form of a device map, so that the platform can flexibly configure and manage multiple rules and policies, complete protocol conversion quickly and conveniently while ensuring data security, and parse the protocol to obtain valid data and report it accurately, promptly and orderly.

[0048] 3. The present invention realizes platform performance, security and reliability through a privatized cloud platform or a hosted public cloud. Compared with a local server, the cloud platform of the present invention has higher scalability and has a complete disaster recovery system when encountering a disaster. Data corruption will not occur, thereby realizing platform performance, security and reliability.

[0049] Fourth, the present invention is implemented through edge node components, and edge computing is performed in the edge node components. The traditional Internet of Things platform aggregates all tasks and uploads them to the cloud for calculation, which is inefficient and puts a lot of pressure on the server. The edge node components of the present invention directly execute the computing tasks on the device side and only push the calculation results to the cloud, which greatly improves the computing efficiency, and verifies the cold data on the device side to ensure accuracy. Because it is performed on the device side, it will not cause additional pressure on the server, and can ensure accuracy, and achieve accuracy and timeliness of remote control.

[0050] 5. The present invention implements link management and security control through a security control module. The network part of the security control module covers all network scenarios, including public and intranet, wired and wireless, fixed IP and dynamic IP, etc. The security control component will also prevent network attacks. Thus, it can configure and manage fixed IP and dynamic IP and other forms of link management and security control for the platform.

[0051] 6. The platform of the present invention supports data collection, data reporting, monitoring alarm, and edge intelligent application distribution under long connection management, and uses reliable message transmission at the cloud edge to reduce transmission costs and shorten the waiting time between data and decision-making. When the platform is connected smoothly, the netty framework can be used to ensure that the device always maintains a long connection. It will also monitor the heartbeat of the device and set a timeout threshold to ensure the connection status of the online device. In addition, cloud-edge messaging can be transmitted through MQTT technology, reducing transmission costs and shortening the waiting time between data and decision-making.

[0052] 7. The equipment of the present invention popularizes LTE Cat-NB1 or NB-IoT protocols, and can use NB-IoT protocols for data transmission in priority. Compared with other protocols, it has higher transmission efficiency, reduces transmission time and thus saves costs. Base station equipment is selected according to the equipment area and network conditions, and devices within a certain range communicate locally and exchange data. When data is reported, it is uniformly transmitted from the local network to the base station equipment, and the base station equipment sends it to the cloud. The number of connections and responses for communication with the cloud is greatly reduced, reducing transmission costs.

[0053] 8. In the containerized firmware of the present invention, the device shadow module is used to monitor the device data reporting in real time, and can also view the historical operation status and logs of the device, and set thresholds to monitor the device. The security control module is responsible for ensuring the security of network communications, defending against external attacks, and device access of different network links, including wired, wireless, 3G, 4G, fixed IP and adaptive IP, etc. The time series database module is used to store a large amount of historical data generated by multiple devices every day. Compared with ordinary database storage methods, the query speed is faster and the space occupied is smaller. The message queue module is used to process the communication sequence between the device and the cloud, arrange the queue reasonably, improve the data transmission efficiency, and ensure the stable operation of the platform under large data connection volume.

[0054] 9. The edge node component module of the present invention is used to build a business processing module on the edge side close to the user, provide storage, computing, network and other resources, and sink some key business applications to the edge of the access network to reduce the width and delay loss caused by network transmission and multi-level forwarding. Compared with cloud data centers, edge nodes have the characteristics of miniaturization, short construction cycle, distribution, and closer to users (the last mile), realizing data processing on the edge side of the network, reducing request response time, reducing network bandwidth, and ensuring data security and privacy.

[0055] 10. The data storage component module of the present invention is responsible for the edge-side storage of device-reported data, and stores the hot data reported by the device within a certain period of time; the data storage component module adopts the database design of postgre+TimescaleDB, which can make the data reading rate faster, the compression rate higher, save storage space, and extend the hot data timeline.

[0056] 11. The OS Kemel Docker module of the present invention is a kernel for customizing the operating system for edge devices, which deletes the redundant parts in the native system and controls the size of the customized system within 700M. At the same time, OS Kemel Docker is also responsible for the interaction between the device and the cloud. When the device system is initialized, the device information will be automatically registered in the cloud, and the edge device will be online at the same time, so that the edge end and the cloud can be connected.

[0057] In summary, the platform, equipment and method of the present invention realize edge-cloud data collaboration, application collaboration and management collaboration, utilize reliable message transmission between cloud and edge to reduce transmission costs, shorten the waiting time between data and decision-making, and improve service quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0058] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a low-power Internet of Things platform supporting long connections according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an Internet of Things platform management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a containerized firmware according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the connection between the containerized firmware, the device and the networking platform according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 5 The present invention is a flowchart of a management method for a low-power Internet of Things platform supporting long connections according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] The following is a combination of specific implementation cases and attached Figure 1-5 The present invention is further described below, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0064] Example 1

[0065] The platform, equipment and method of this embodiment are applied to a gas operation equipment system. With safe operation, efficient operation and user service as the core ideas, and pipeline network operation and maintenance as the core goals, the Internet of Things platform is used to perceive, integrate and analyze various key information of the urban gas operation system, and provide gas companies with information management tools covering the entire life cycle of pipeline network planning and design, engineering construction, pipeline network transmission and distribution, equipment emergency maintenance, pipeline network transformation, pipeline network management, operation monitoring, and enterprise comprehensive operation, so as to realize information fusion, service expansion, gas volume prediction and auxiliary decision-making. Through the information management of each key business link of the gas pipeline network, it helps gas companies to realize the intelligence and refinement of daily operation control, and ultimately ensure the stability and safety of gas pipeline network operation.

[0066] A low-power IoT platform that supports long connections, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown in the figure, the IoT platform is divided into three layers: cloud, edge, and end. The cloud layer is the cloud side of the IoT platform; the edge layer is the edge side of the operating system; and the end layer is the lowest-level equipment, such as smart pipeline equipment, smart gas networks, smart stations, smart gas meters, gas alarms, etc. in the gas operation equipment system. Among them, the cloud side of the IoT platform includes 6 modules, namely, the connection management module, which is responsible for managing multiple rules and policies, classifying and connecting devices by protocol type, device type, access method, etc., and presenting them in the form of device maps; the message queue module, which is used to process the communication sequence between the device and the cloud, arrange the queue reasonably, improve the data transmission efficiency, and ensure the stable operation of the platform under the large data connection volume; the rule engine module, which is responsible for parsing the data reported by the device and the control commands issued by the cloud; all services are decoupled through the rule engine, which can directly put the data into the business system database and push it to the business system message queue for the business system to use, and flexibly customize the data flow logic; the security authentication module, which is responsible for ensuring the security of network communications, defending against external attacks, and the access of devices on different network links, including wired, wireless, 3G, 4G, fixed IP and adaptive IP; the private or hosted cloud platform module, which is used to improve the scalability and security of the server; the cloud service module, which is used to manage the cloud server, has a visual operation page, and is convenient for direct management of cloud resources. Among them, the edge side of the operating system includes 8 modules, which are edge application modules, which are used to manage applications deployed in device containers. These applications are essential applications for realizing the functions of the Internet of Things platform. Different types of devices require different applications, which are uniformly managed in the edge application; open API module, which is used to open and uniformly manage the APIs used by all Internet of Things platforms to achieve cross-regional interaction; communication bus module, which is used to manage data transmission on the edge side, uses the SPI bus protocol, supports multi-slave mode applications, and generally sets a single Master. The clock is controlled by the Master. Under the clock shift pulse, data is transmitted bit by bit, with the high bit in front and the low bit in the back. At the back (MSBfirst), the SPI interface has two unidirectional data lines for full-duplex communication, and the data transmission rate in the Internet of Things platform can reach 6Mbps; the edge node component module is used to build a business processing module on the edge side close to the user, provide storage, computing, network and other resources, and sink some key business applications to the edge of the access network to reduce the width and delay losses caused by network transmission and multi-level forwarding. Compared with cloud data centers, edge nodes are miniaturized, have a short construction cycle, are distributed, and are closer to users (the last mile). They realize data processing on the edge side of the network, reduce request response time, reduce network bandwidth, and ensure data security and privacy.The runtime component module is the main process used to control the execution of the application, that is, each application will be controlled and executed by the runtime component module. The runtime component module will monitor the operation of each event and store the resource consumption information of the operation status; the data storage component module is responsible for the edge storage of the device reported data, and stores the hot data reported by the device within a certain period of time; the data storage component module adopts the database design of postgre+TimescaleDB, which can make the data reading rate faster, the compression rate higher, save storage space, and extend the hot data timeline; the security control component module is responsible for monitoring the current operation status of the device, used to capture the abnormality of the device operation, monitor the abnormal status of the device, support custom alarm rules, set trigger thresholds, and directly send device status alarm information; the OS Kemel Docker module is the kernel of the customized operating system for edge devices, which deletes the redundant parts in the native system and controls the size of the customized system within 700M. At the same time, OS Kemel Docker is also responsible for the interaction between the device and the cloud. When the device system is initialized, the device information will be automatically registered in the cloud, and the edge device will be online at the same time to establish a connection between the edge and the cloud.

[0067] The edge side of the operating system and the cloud side of the IoT platform exchange messages through websocket / MQTT connection to achieve data collaboration, application collaboration and management collaboration; the end layer can directly connect to the cloud IoT platform in 3G, 4G, wired or wireless mode, or connect to the cloud IoT platform through the edge gateway agent; the end layer and the cloud IoT platform transmit data through LTECat-NB1 or NB-IoT protocol. The edge side of the operating system deploys containerized firmware on the edge hardware, which is connected to sensors and gas operation equipment, such as smart pipeline equipment, smart gas network, smart station, smart gas meter, gas alarm, etc.; the edge side of the operating system is located at the data source side of the IoT, and the edge side of the operating system integrates the core capabilities of network, computing, storage and application, and adopts a distributed mode to provide edge intelligent services nearby, meeting the key needs of industry digitalization in agile connection, real-time business, data optimization, application intelligence, security and privacy protection; the edge side of the operating system can serve as a bridge connecting the physical world and the digital world to realize intelligent equipment, intelligent gateways, intelligent systems and intelligent services.

[0068] An IoT platform management system architecture is applied to the above-mentioned low-power IoT platform supporting long connections, such as Figure 2As shown, the management system architecture includes an edge layer, a PaaS layer, and an application layer; the edge layer is an edge gateway, and the edge gateway is connected to an event-driven module, a message queue module, and an intelligent model module respectively; the PaaS layer is divided into an IOT cloud service layer, an intelligent model service layer, and a container cloud layer; the IOT cloud service layer is connected to a rule engine module, a device management module, and a security authentication module; the intelligent model service layer is connected to a knowledge graph module, a machine learning module, and a heterogeneous storage module; the container cloud layer is connected to a service grid module, a topology monitoring module, and a resource scheduling module; the application layer is connected to an asset management module, a monitoring system module, an intelligent valve control module, and a large display screen module.

[0069] A containerized firmware is applied to the edge side of the operating system of the above-mentioned low-power IoT platform supporting long connections, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the containerized firmware has built-in device shadow module, security control module, time series database module and message queue module; the device shadow module is used to monitor the device data reporting in real time, and can also view the device's historical operation status and logs, and set thresholds to monitor the device; the security control module is responsible for ensuring network communication security, defending against external attacks, and device access on different network links; the time series database module is used to store a large amount of historical data generated by several devices every day; the message queue module is used to process the communication sequence between the device and the cloud, arrange the queue reasonably, improve the data transmission efficiency, and ensure the stable operation of the platform under the large data connection volume. The containerized firmware is connected to the sensor and gas operation equipment.

[0070] In the containerized firmware of this embodiment, the device shadow module is used to monitor the device data reporting in real time, and can also view the historical operation status and logs of the device, and set thresholds to monitor the device. The security control module is responsible for ensuring the security of network communications, defending against external attacks, and device access of different network links, including wired, wireless, 3G, 4G, fixed IP and adaptive IP, etc. The time series database module is used to store a large amount of historical data generated by multiple devices every day. Compared with ordinary database storage methods, the query speed is faster and the space occupied is smaller. The message queue module is used to process the communication sequence between the device and the cloud, arrange the queue reasonably, improve the data transmission efficiency, and ensure the stable operation of the platform under large data connection volume.

[0071] A management method for a low-power IoT platform supporting long connections, such as Figure 5 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0072] Step 1: The edge side of the operating system deploys containerized firmware on the edge hardware. The containerized firmware has a built-in device shadow module, security control module, time series database module, and message queue module.

[0073] Step 2: The containerized firmware unifies the data protocol and format of the field devices and sensors through protocol conversion and organizes the data format;

[0074] Step 3: The containerized firmware transmits data to the IoT platform cloud through the edge hub;

[0075] Step 4: The IoT platform cloud calculates and models the uploaded data;

[0076] Step 5: The IoT platform sends model parameters and command information to the end layer from the cloud. After the gas operation equipment at the end layer responds, it performs the corresponding operation.

[0077] The equipment of this embodiment popularizes the LTE Cat-NB1 (NB-IoT) protocol, and can use the NB-IoT protocol for data transmission first. Compared with other protocols, the transmission efficiency is higher, the transmission time is reduced, and the cost is saved. The base station equipment is selected according to the equipment area and network conditions, and the equipment within a certain range is communicated locally and the data is interoperable. When there is data to be reported, it is uniformly transmitted from the local network to the base station equipment, and the base station equipment sends it to the cloud uniformly. The number of connections and responses for communication with the cloud is greatly reduced, and the transmission cost is reduced. The containerized firmware can quickly access devices and sensors, and transmit data to the cloud of the Internet of Things platform through the edge Hub. The cloud of the Internet of Things platform sets the back edge layer, PaaS layer and application layer, and can establish a device model and uniformly manage it. Fast access is achieved by establishing a device model. Different types of commonly used devices are respectively established for device models, and the configuration information is uniformly stored in the containerized firmware, and is completely stored in the cloud. When a new device is connected, the containerized firmware is directly deployed and the container is started. The container will send the configuration to the cloud according to the current model, and automatically download the software required for the model, automatically complete the installation and go online in the cloud. The entire process, from unpacking and powering on the device to going online in the cloud, can be completed within 5 minutes.

[0078] The connection management module of this embodiment is specifically responsible for managing multiple rules and policies. It classifies and manages devices by protocol type, device type, access method, etc., and presents them in the form of a device map, so that the platform can flexibly configure and manage multiple rules and policies, complete protocol conversion quickly and conveniently while ensuring data security, and parse the protocol to obtain valid data and report it accurately, promptly and orderly.

[0079] The platform of this embodiment achieves platform performance, security and reliability through a privatized cloud platform or a hosted public cloud. The cloud platform of the present invention is more scalable than a local server, and has a complete disaster recovery system when encountering a disaster, so data corruption will not occur, thereby achieving platform performance, security and reliability.

[0080] The platform of this embodiment is implemented through edge node components, and edge computing is performed in the edge node components. The traditional Internet of Things platform aggregates all tasks and uploads them to the cloud for calculation, which is inefficient and puts a lot of pressure on the server. The edge node component of the present invention directly executes the computing task on the device side and only pushes the calculation results to the cloud, which greatly improves the computing efficiency, and verifies the cold data on the device side to ensure accuracy. Because it is performed on the device side, it will not cause additional pressure on the server, and it can ensure accuracy, and achieve accuracy and timeliness of remote control.

[0081] The platform of this embodiment implements link management and security control through the security control module. The network part of the security control module covers all network scenarios, including public network and intranet, wired and wireless, fixed IP and dynamic IP, etc. The security control component will also prevent network attacks. Thus, it can configure and manage fixed IP and dynamic IP and other forms of link management and security control for the platform.

[0082] The platform of this embodiment supports data collection, data reporting, monitoring alarm, and edge intelligent application distribution under long connection management, and uses reliable message transmission at the cloud edge to reduce transmission costs and shorten the waiting time between data and decision-making. When the platform is connected smoothly, it can use the netty framework to ensure that the device always maintains a long connection. It will also monitor the heartbeat of the device and set a timeout threshold to ensure the connection status of the online device. In addition, cloud-edge messaging can be transmitted through MQTT technology, reducing transmission costs and shortening the waiting time between data and decision-making.

Claims

1. A low-power IoT platform supporting long connections, characterized in that: The IoT platform is divided into three layers: cloud, edge, and end. The cloud layer is the cloud side of the IoT platform, the edge layer is the edge side of the operating system, and the end layer is the bottom-level device. The edge side of the operating system and the cloud side of the IoT platform exchange messages through websocket / MQTT connection to achieve data collaboration, application collaboration, and management collaboration. The end layer can be directly connected to the cloud IoT platform, or connected to the cloud IoT platform through an edge gateway agent. The edge side of the operating system has containerized firmware deployed on the edge hardware. The containerized firmware is connected to sensors and field devices. The containerized firmware has built-in device shadow module, security control module, time series database module and message queue module; the device shadow module is used to monitor device data reporting in real time, and can also view the device's historical operation status and logs, and set thresholds to monitor the device; the security control module is responsible for ensuring network communication security, defending against external attacks, and device access to different network links; the time series database module is used to store a large amount of historical data generated by several devices every day; the message queue module is used to process the communication sequence between the device and the cloud, reasonably arrange the queue, improve the data transmission efficiency, and ensure the stable operation of the platform under the large data connection volume; The management method of the Internet of Things platform comprises the following steps: Step 1: The edge side of the operating system deploys containerized firmware on the edge hardware. The containerized firmware has a built-in device shadow module, security control module, time series database module, and message queue module. Step 2: The containerized firmware unifies the data protocol and format of the field devices and sensors through protocol conversion and organizes the data format; Step 3: The containerized firmware transmits data to the IoT platform cloud through the edge hub; Step 4: The IoT platform cloud calculates and models the uploaded data; Step 5: The IoT platform sends model parameters and command information to the end layer from the cloud. After the end layer device responds, it performs the corresponding operation.

2. A low-power Internet of Things platform supporting long connections according to claim 1, characterized in that: The direct connection is a 3G, 4G, wired or wireless connection; the terminal layer and the cloud IoT platform transmit data via LTE Cat-NB1 or NB-IoT protocol.

3. A low-power Internet of Things platform supporting long connections according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Internet of Things platform cloud includes 6 modules, which are connection management module, message queue module, rule engine module, security authentication module, private or hosted cloud platform module and cloud service module.

4. A low-power Internet of Things platform supporting long connections according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edge side of the operating system includes 8 modules, which are edge application module, open API module, communication bus module, edge node component module, runtime component module, data storage component module, security control component module and OS KemelDocker module.

5. A low-power Internet of Things platform supporting long connections according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edge side of the operating system is located at the data source side of the Internet of Things. The edge side of the operating system integrates network, computing, storage and application core capabilities, and uses a distributed model to provide edge intelligent services nearby to meet the key needs of industry digitalization in agile connection, real-time business, data optimization, application intelligence, security and privacy protection; the edge side of the operating system can serve as a bridge connecting the physical world and the digital world to realize intelligent equipment, intelligent gateways, intelligent systems and intelligent services.

Images